ʻO ka kukupa ʻo Colorado mea kuʻuna ma ka wā i manaʻo ʻia ʻo ia ka ʻenemi nui o nā kanu mea kanu. Akā inā ʻike ka pōʻino mai kēia pōpilikia o ka uala a me kāna mau kumulāʻau ma luna o ka maka, a laila ʻikea nā pio mai ka noho ʻana o ka wireworm ma hope wale nō o ka eli ʻana i ka hua.
ʻO ka pōʻino o ka wireworm e like me ka maʻi pākato
Inā loaʻa ka pūnaewele i ka paakiki, a hiki i ka 3 cm lōʻihi o nā ʻōpala o ka pīpī nutcracker, ma kahi o 60% o nā kūmato e komo ʻia ana e ka neʻe ʻana o ka pīpī lālapa. ʻOiai ka mea kanu i hoʻopau ʻia i ka lepo, putrefactive bacteria, nematodes, a me nā fungi e hoʻopuni i ka ʻi a puni ka lua. ʻAʻole pale ka wireworm i nā aʻa waiʻona, ma muli o ka hopena, ʻaʻole i loaʻa i ka ʻuala holookoa kaʻai ʻana, a hemo ka hua.
He ākea ka laulā o nā kukuna nutcracker, no laila, loaʻa nā ʻōpala melemele me kahi pūpū pīhoihoi pīhoihoi ma nā wahi āpau a ʻoluʻolu nā mea kanu wale nō i nā mea kanu, akā, ma nā ʻano waiʻuila o nā hua like, no ka laʻana, kahi ʻōpala a me kā bluegrass.
Ma muli o ka nui o ka hānai kūpono, ua nui nā mea kanu kanu i ka hoʻomalu. Ma ka manawa like, hana ka maʻi kino i nā moena i ka manawa e ulu ana mai, mai ka hoʻomaka ʻana o ka wai i ka holoi ʻana o nā pua. Akā inā ʻaʻole ka paʻakikī o ka māla mahiʻai, ʻaʻole hiki iā ia ke hoʻopau loa i ka wireworm ma ka māla.
Nā ala ala e hoʻopau ai i ka wireworm ma kahi māla
Hiki iā ʻoe ke hōʻemi iki i ka nui o kēia mau iniseti maikaʻi ʻole a, me ke kōkua o nā hana kūikawā, e pale aku i nā mea kanu mai nā lāʻau pest. Eia kekahi, ʻo ia ka hakakā me ke koʻaupō o ka mauʻu nutcracker e hiki ke lawe i kekahi o nā kuhikuhi. E pili ana kēia:
- māla lepo a me ka hoʻopuka ʻana o nā mea e hōʻoia ai i ka make ʻana o nā pōpoki kalaka a pale i kā lākou hānai;
- ka hoʻonohonoho ʻana i nā ʻano pahele a me nā lures no nā wireworms a me nā pīpī makua;
- ka hoʻōla ʻana i ka ʻuala ma mua o ke kanu me nā hoʻonā o nā mea ikaika;
- kaomi hulahua, hoʻokuʻu ʻana i ka lepo ma ka pae a me nā ʻano hana ʻē aʻe.
Prestige: kōkala kuala ma mua o ke kanu ʻana
ʻO nā kaʻina e pili ana i ka pale ʻana i nā kōpī i kanu ʻia mai nā wireworm attack e pili ana i ka mālama ʻana i nā mea kanu i nā mea ikaika e like me ka Prestige. Ma muli o ka ʻili, nā hua kanu ma hope o ke kanu ʻana i ka momona no nā wireworms a me nā mea kanu ʻē aʻe, e pili ana i ka pīkī kuʻi o Colorado, bear a me ka horsetail.
ʻO ka hana a ka lāʻau lapaʻau "Prestige" i ka wā e hoʻoulu ai i ka ʻuala, e like me ke kuhikuhi ʻana, a hiki i 60 lā. ʻOiai me ka hiʻohiʻona o nā lau mua ma luna o ka moena o ka māla, hiki iā ʻoe ke hoʻomaopopo i ka ʻano o nā ʻōlohelohe o Colorado i ka lāʻau. Make koke nā makua, akā pehea pehea ʻoe e ʻike inā ua make ka wireworm?
Maanei, ʻohi wale nei i nā lāʻau a nānā i nā mea kanu i ka wā e ulu a ola ana e kōkua ka pua. Loaʻa ʻia ka helu o nā mea i hoʻopilikia ʻia i ka wā o ka hana a "Prestige" i hoʻohaʻahaʻa maikaʻi ʻia, a me nā ʻōpio ʻōpio i hoʻomaka e ola kino. Akā i ka manawa he 60 lā, hele hou ka mea kanu palu i nā mea kanu.
- No ka huki ʻana o ka wai no ka hoʻoilo i ka hoʻoilo ma mua o ʻelua mau mahina ma hope aku, ʻaʻole hiki i ka poʻe māla ke hana me nā hana hou e pale aku ai i ka hua.
- Akā ʻoi aku ka wikiwiki o nā hua kanu ma mua o 60 lā, ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o ke koho ʻana i ka "Prestige".
Pehea e lawe ai i kēiaʻano i ka wireworm ma kahi māla i kanu? He aha nā huahana palekana pale e hiki ke hoʻopau i nā wireworms.
Nā ala e hoʻoneʻe ai i nā wireworms i nā ʻuala
I ka nui o nā manawa, lilo nā ʻano agrotechnical maʻalahi e lilo i kōkua nui:
- ʻowingloe i ka papa i ka wā mua, i ka wā o nā larvae a me nā pīpoki makua, ʻaʻole mau i ka hana, maʻalahi ka manu me ka manu a make paha i ka lā;
- ka wehe ʻana i ka lau nāu a me nā kumuʻaʻi, lilo ke ʻano noho o ka wireworm a me ka meaʻai o kēia ʻuala ʻāina;
- ʻO ka wehe ʻana o ke kauwela i ka wā ma lalo o nā kumulāʻau e hiki ai iā ʻoe ke hoʻopili i nā hua o nā hua o ka pīpī-nutcracker i ka lā, i nā mea ʻino i nā pepeke;
- Ke kanu ʻana o ka pōʻai ma ka manawa ma mua o ka hoʻomaka ʻana o ka hau hau e kōkua i ka hoʻohemo ʻana i nā pepeke i loko o ka lewa, kahi e make ai ka ua mai ka lā anuanu.
I ka wā o ka hana o ka puna ma ka pūnaewele, ua hoʻokomo ʻia nā mea kanu me ke aniani a me ka ammonia i ka lepo, i mea e ʻoluʻolu nui loa no ka wireworms. Eia kekahi, ʻaʻole palupalu ka pest i nā lepo me ka haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa. E aʻo aku i nā māla akamai me ka hoʻohui ʻana i kekahi mau granule o ka superphosphate i nā lua i ka wā kanu.
ʻO kekahi ʻano hana maikaʻi e kōkua ai e wehe i nā wireworms i loko o ka ʻuʻu ʻo ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka lepo kūikawā i loaʻa ka nematodes predatory ma lalo o nā kōpō. No kēia mau nānikele mikroskopika, lilo nā mea kanu huaʻai i mea momona maoli, a no nā mea kanu a me nā kānaka ua palekana piha nā mea olaola.
Nā ala palekana e kūleʻa ai i nā wireworms
No ka hoʻohemo i nā pōpilikia mai ka pāla, mea hoʻohana pinepine ʻia nā ʻano mau mau umits a me nā pahele, kahi i loaʻa ma ka perimeter o nā mea kanu a waiho ʻia ma waena o nā ʻanuʻu.
- Hoʻopili ʻia nā ʻūpī o nā ʻuala ma ke kaula, a ʻeli ʻia kēlā mau pā hale ma nā awhi i kahi hohonu o 5 a 15 cm.
- ʻO kēlā me kēia hapalua hapalua ma luna o ke kahua, ua kanu ʻia kekahi mau huaʻaina o nā cereals a i ʻole palaoa. I ka wā e puka mai ana nā pihi, e hoʻopili maoli nā aʻa kolo.
- Kohi pinepine nā pōpoki a me nā ʻōkuhi ma lalo o ka mauʻu, nā lau a i ʻole ka piko, kahi e waiho ai ma ka palena o ka mahina ʻai.
Ke hoʻohana nei i kēlā mau umu, he mea nui e nānā a hoʻololi pono iā lākou i ka hihia o ka hōʻiliʻili ʻana o nā pōpō pālio. E like me ke ana o ka hoʻoponopono ʻana i nā wireworms, hiki iā ʻoe ke hoʻohana i:
- ke kau ʻana i ka moena me nā infusions o coltsfoot, dandelion, celandine a i ʻole nettle;
- hoʻoheʻe paʻū i ka hoʻopili ʻana o ka celandine ma mua o ke kanu;
- huʻu ʻili, waiho ʻia i loko o nā lua i ka wā e kanu ai i nā kūpeʻe;
- nā mākaʻi ma ka ʻaoʻao o ke kahua a i ʻole ma nā pā;
- nā ʻōpala hou a i ʻole nā lau ʻōpala i ʻeli ʻia ma ke kuahiwi.
Inā ʻae ʻia ka wahi, kahi ʻōnaehana kūpono i hoʻonohonoho pono ʻia e kōkua i ka hoʻohemo ʻana i ka wireworm ma ka māla. ʻAʻole hoʻokomo nā pōpoki lepo i nā mea kanu inā kanu lākou i ka makahiki mua. No laila, ʻo ka wehe ʻana i nā mea kanu me nā mea kanu unattractive no ka wireworm, no ka laʻana, legumes, spring rape a me ka buckwheat, e kōkua wale nō e mālama i ka hua, akā e hoʻomaikaʻi pū i ka ʻāina me nā mea waiwai.
Ma hope o ka hōʻiliʻili ʻana, pono e lulu i ka pua, alfalfa, clover ma ka papa o ka ʻuala. ʻAʻole maikaʻi kēia mau mea kanu i ka mea kanu palu; ʻo ka hoʻololi ʻana i ka meaʻai e make ai nā pepeke a i ʻole ko lākou haʻalele mai ka wahi i loaʻa.
