Buchus, a i ʻole ʻo Boxwood

ʻAnoBuxus) - he pua o nā mea kanu o ka ʻohana boxwood. ʻO kēia nā mea kanu palakala e ulu mau ana a me nā kumulāʻau e ulu ana i ke kiʻekiʻe o 2-12 m (ka manawa 15 m). Wahi a nā hōʻike hou loa, ʻoi aku ka boxwood genus ma mua o 100 mau ʻano.

ʻO ka inoa Latin inoa o ke ʻano ʻōiwi mai nā Helene ʻē aʻe. πύξος - nā puke, nā aie mai kahi ʻ ōlelo ʻike. I loko o ka wehewehe ʻōlelo moʻomanaʻo o ka ʻōlelo Lūkia Nui Rūkia, ʻo nā inoa ʻē aʻe o ka Lūkini no ka pahu boxwood i hoʻopaʻa ʻia - kahi pahu axle, green green, gevan, bukspan, shamshit, a me nā lāʻau pāmaʻi. ʻĀina: Crantzia, Notobuxus, Tricera

Boxwood. © Van Swearingen

Ma Lūkini, ulu pinepine ka pahu pahu lāʻau ma ke kō ipu kanu, a ma nā wahi i kahi mahana ʻoluʻolu, e like me nā pā.

Eia kekahi, ʻo boxwood kekahi o nā mea kanu maʻamau no ka bonsai, no ka mea nui kēia pōkole: ulu ia i loko o kahi kīʻaha liʻiliʻi, ke hoʻomae nei i ka hoʻouluulu, nā lāʻau lāʻau pono, nā lau liʻiliʻi, a he mea kanu pono wale nō.

ʻO ka Hoʻākāka Botanical Boxwood

ʻO nā lau o ka pahu boxwood ke kū'ē, mai elliptical a kokoke i ka ʻūhā, puni ʻana, ʻili a puni.

ʻO nā pua Boxwood he liʻiliʻi, kūleʻa, ma nā ulu ulu o ka axillary, ʻono ala.

ʻO ka hua pahu pahu kahi pahu pahuʻakaʻekolu, a i ka wā maloʻo, ʻāʻī a hoʻopuehu i nā hua ʻulaʻula ʻeleʻele.

Boxwood. © Tuinieren

Mālama lāʻau

ʻOhi:

I ke kauwela, he mau keʻena keʻokeʻo maʻamau, ʻoiai e makemake ke boxwood e waiho i waho. Hiki iā ʻoe ke lawe iā ia i ka pākeke ʻo ka wā i hala ai ka hoʻoweliweli o ka wā o ka puna, e lawe iā ia i ka wā o ka wā o ka hāʻule, me ka wā anu anu mua. Pono ka Boxwood i ka hoʻoilo ma nā kūlana maloʻo me ka liʻiliʻi o ka wai. No nā ʻano thermophilic, ʻo ke anuanu o ka hoʻoilo ma ka 16-18 ° C, ʻaʻole e emi iho ma lalo o 12 ° C. Hiki i nā manu boxwood pale ke alo i ka hoʻoilo ma ke kahua me ka noho ʻana.

Mālamalama:

E aloha ana ʻo Boxwood i kahi aniani hoʻokeʻo. I ke kauwela, e koi ʻia mai ka iho awakea. I ka māla, ua hoʻokomo i ka boxwood ma ka pale kūlohelohe o nā lāʻau kiʻekiʻe a i ʻole nā lāʻau.

E inu i ka pahu pahu:

ʻO ke kauwela he nui nui, i ka hoʻoilo - ʻoi aku ka nui o ka paʻakikī i ka wa wela.

Kūmole:

Ma waena o Malaki a me ʻAukake, i kēlā me kēia 2 pule. He kūpono ʻo ia no ka azaleas.

Hūlā Air:

Ua ʻoluʻolu maikaʻi mai ʻo Boxwood i ka hoʻōla manawa me ka wai kū ʻana.

Ka wehe ʻana i ka pahu pahu:

ʻO ka makahiki i kahi lepo me kahi hopena pH kokoke i ka neʻe. Hoʻohui i 1 mau wahi coniferous honua, 2 mau wahi o ka lau lau, 1 ʻāpana o ke one (vermiculite, perlite). Hiki iā ʻoe ke hoʻohui i nā ʻāpana o ka ulala birch. Pono ka homa maikaʻi, ʻaʻole pono ka nui o ka mea kanu, inā ʻaʻole paʻa ka mea kanu i ka ulu.

Boxwood. © fox-and-fern

Ka Hoʻohuli ʻO Boxwood

Hoʻonohonoho ka Boxwood i ka ʻokiʻoki a me nā huaʻala. Ma ka moʻomeheu, hoʻohālike pinepine ʻia ia i ke kauwela a me ka wā lohi, no ka mea he lōʻihi ko ka wā hoʻomaha. Eʻokiʻoki a paʻakikī hoʻi ka ʻokiʻoki pahu pahu. Pono e ʻokiʻoki ʻia ka ʻoki i ka kumu, ʻaʻole lōʻihi ma mua o 7 cm a he mau heihei 2-3. No ka huki ʻana, ua ʻōlelo ʻia e hoʻohana i nā phytohormones (aʻa, heteroauxin) a me ka hoʻomoʻa ʻana i ka lepo i loko o kahi keʻena home.

ʻO ka hoʻohalike a me ka ʻiwa

ʻEkolu mau wahi nui:

ʻApelika - i nā nahele a me nā lae-kūkaʻi hema ma lalo o ʻAmelika Equatorial a i loko o Hawaiʻi,
ʻAmelika ʻAmelika - i nā wahi kuahiwi a me nā subtropics hema o ke kūkulu ʻĀkau o Mexico a me Cuba (25 mau lāʻau endema); ʻO nā ʻōiwi ʻAmelika ka nui loa o nā mea kanu ulu o ka hua, e hele pinepine ana i ka nui o nā lāʻau laʻala nui (a hiki i 20 m),
Euro-ʻĀsia - mai nā mokupuni Pelekane ma waena o ʻEulopa ʻEulopa, Asia Minor a me ʻAsia Komohana, Transcaucasia, Kina i Iapana a me Sumatra.

Ma Lūkia, ma ka kahakai o ka Puhi Kahalole o Caucasus, i nā puʻu awāwa a me nā awāwa wai i ka lua o ka ulu lāʻau hoʻopulapula, ulu kahi ʻano nui - Colchis Boxwood, a i ʻole Kauwauwaha (Buxus colchica). Aia ka nahele boxwood kū hoʻokahi i ka waena waena o ka muliwai Tsitsa i ka Qitsinsky Forestry o ka Kurdzhip Forestry i ke Kīwī Adygea, nona ka pae me kahi mālama mālama mālama ʻia. Aia no kona wahi he 200 hekahi.

ʻO Boxwood Colchis, nā lālā me nā lau a me nā hua. © Lazaregagnidze

Hoʻomau mau ʻia ka wahi o ka pahu lāʻau ma muli o ka hāʻule. ʻO nā wahi nui o ka boxwood relict gubat i hūnā ʻia i ka hāʻule o ka makahiki 2009 i ka wā o ke kūkulu ʻana i ke ala Ola Kika ʻo Adler - Krasnaya Polyana. Ua hōʻiliʻili ʻia he mau ʻāpana he nui i kau ʻia a kanu ʻia.

He mea pono ʻole nā lāʻau Boxwoods: ulu lākou ma luna o ka ululukulu pōhaku, ma nā kihi o nā ululāʻau, i nā ulu lāʻau pohulihi a me nāʻeleʻele. Pale-pale-makemake hoʻi, akā aloha nō hoʻi i ke aloha. Ma ke ʻano kūlohelohe lākou e noho ai i nā lepo lepo.

Ke kūlana palekana

Hoʻolima ʻia ʻo Colchis boxwood i loko o ka Red Book o ka Russian Federation.

Ka pono a me ka noi

ʻO Boxwood kekahi o nā mea kanu kahiko i hoʻohana ʻia no ka ʻāina ʻāina a me ka mahiʻai ornamental (i kapa pinepine ʻia Buchusus) Hoʻohana ʻia ia no kona lei nani ʻona, nā lau ʻulaʻula loa a me ka hiki ke hoʻokaʻawale i kahi lauoho, kahi mea e hiki ai iā ʻoe ke hana i nā pā a me nā palena mai ia lākou, a me nā ʻano ʻē aʻe e mālama ai i kā lākou ʻano no ka manawa lōʻihi.

Hoʻololi ka poʻe Katolika ma ʻEulopa i ko lākou mau home me nā lālā boxwood ma ka Lāpule Lāpule.

Boxwood

ʻO Boxwood kahi ʻano spelwood manuahi. ʻO kēia ka mea i loko o kahi lāʻau i ʻokiʻoki, ke ʻokoʻa o ka waihoʻoluʻu ma waena o ka sapwood a me ka lāʻau ʻala ua hiki ke lawa ʻole. ʻO ka lāʻau boxwood anu maloʻo ke kāʻei ʻāpana maʻamau mai ka melemele ke kīwī i ka waxy, e ʻeleʻeleʻeleʻele iki i ka manawa, a me kahi ʻano homogeneous me nā ʻāpana kūwili makahiki. He liʻiliʻi nā moku, he palena ʻole, ʻaʻole i ʻike ʻia ka maka i ʻike ʻole. ʻAʻole aneane ʻike nā ʻona kumu i nā hōʻoki. E ʻono nā lāʻau i kahi ʻawaʻawa, ʻaʻohe ʻano ʻono.

ʻO ka Boxwood ka paʻakikī a paʻakikī loa o nā mea a pau i ʻike ʻia ma ʻEulopa. Aia kona hiʻona mai 830 kg / m³ (maloʻo loa) a hiki i 1300 kg / m³ (ʻoki hou), a me kona ʻano paʻakikī mai 58 N / mm (radial) a 112 N / mm² (pau).

Ua ʻoi aku ka ikaika o ka Boxwood ma mua o ka pū i ka puʻu: ka hoʻomālamalama me nā ʻili - e pili ana i ka 74 MPa, me nā kūlou static - 115 MPa.

Hoʻohana ʻia ka pahu lāʻau pahu lāʻau no ka hana kiʻi kākela liʻiliʻi, i ka hana ʻana i nā kīʻaha liʻiliʻi, nā ʻāpana chess, nā pahu cue no ka pāʻani i nā novus, nā mea kani, nā ʻāpana mīkini, nā mea e pono ai ke kūleʻa kiʻekiʻe ʻana i hui pū ʻia me kahi papa wīwī. , spools a me ka ulana uila, nā ana ana i nā mea kikoʻī, nā kikoʻī o nā mea loiloi a me nā mea hoʻokani. Hele nā wahi ʻilihue i ka hana ʻana o nā paipu.

Hoʻohana ʻia ka pahu lāʻau ma ka ʻaoʻao o nā fibers (butt) i kahi kumulāʻau (woodcut). ʻO Boxwood ka lāʻau lāʻau lāʻau maikaʻi loa, a ua alakaʻi kēia i ka luku piha ʻana i ka hapalua o ka hapa 19 o ka makahiki 19, i ka wā i ʻoki ʻia nā kiʻi i nā nūpepa a puni ka honua i nā papa lāʻau pahu lāʻau, i kekahi manawa ka pālahalaha o nā nūpepa.

Ua hana ʻia nā veneer Sawn a hana ʻia i loko o nā wahi liʻiliʻi mai ka boxwood, e hoʻohana ana i nā mīkini kūikawā me kahi ʻokiʻoki. I nā kenekulia XX a me XXI boxwood veneer ma muli o ke kumu kūʻai nui ka mea i hoʻohana wale ʻia no nā inlays.

ʻO Tsuge (ka inoa Iapana no ka pahu pahu) he lāʻau ia mai nā mea pāʻani no ka hoʻokani shogi.

ʻO ka ʻaha aku nā mea e kūʻai aku ai i ka lāʻau pahu lāʻau ma ka mākeke ke loaʻa pinepine loa, a kiʻekiʻe loa kona kumukūʻai.

ʻO ka hoʻohana ʻana o ka boxwood ma ke ʻano he lāʻau lapaʻau

I ka wā kahiko, ua hoʻohana ʻia ka pahu lāʻau ma muli o ka mālama ʻana i ka maʻi pākēkē, ka maʻi hōʻeha, a me nā maʻi maʻi maʻi, no ka laʻana, malaria. ʻO ka mālamaʻana i ka malaria, i ʻōlelo ʻia, hoʻohālikelike ʻia me ka quinine. I kēia mau lā, ʻaʻole hiki ke hoʻohana ʻia ka hoʻomākaukau ʻana o ka pahu boxwood no ka mea maloʻo, ʻoiai ua paʻakikī loa lākou i ka ʻimi ʻona. ʻO ka overdosing hiki ke alakaʻi i ka hoʻopuka, nā koi a me ka make. Hoʻohana hou ka homeopaths i ka boxwood i mea e kūʻē ai i ka rheumatism.

Aʻo kahi mea liʻiliʻi loa ...

Hoʻohana ʻia ʻo Boxwood e hana i nā ʻulā. Manaʻoʻo ia ka lawelawe ʻana o nā pahu kulekele i kahi ʻano amulet kupaianaha mai nā ʻano hewa maikaʻi, mai ka ʻalekina pōkole, no ka laʻana, mai ka maka ʻino a me ka palupalu, mai ka vampirism ikaika. Eia kekahi, ua kau nā pahu kulekele ma lalo o ka uluna e pale i nā moe maikaʻi. Aia kekahi manaʻo no ka lawe mau ʻana kekahi kanaka i ka pahu lāʻau pahu lāʻau me ia, hāʻawi kēia iā ia i ka makana o ke aʻalelele a pale iā ia mai nā ulia. Eia kekahi, ua hoʻohana ʻia nā ʻenekele kahiko mai ka boxwood i mālama ʻia ʻo ke "pākaua" no nā mea kilokilo. Kuhi "kēia mau mea kīleʻa" pani "i nā ʻuhane, ʻaʻole i ʻae iā lākou e hoʻohana i kā lākou mana no ka hewa.

He mau mea ʻona

ʻO nā wahi āpau o ka mea kanu a maʻa mau loa ka lau i ka ʻono. Aia iā Boxwood ma kahi o 70 alkaloids, ʻokoʻa kekahi cyclobuxin D. ^ E Ha yM. ʻO nā mea e pili ana i nā alkaloids ma nā lau a me ka pā e pili ana i ka 3%. Paʻi lethal cyclobuxin D no nā ʻīlio, 0.1 mg no ka kilo o ka paona nui i ka wā e lawe waha ʻia ai.