I kēia mau makahiki i hala iho nei, ua nui ka hihia o nā ʻāina o ke kūkulu hema o Russia me ka ragweed, kahi e hoʻopiʻi nui ai i ka māla kula.
Ambrosia nigrum (Ambrosia psilostachya)Ma ka ʻaoʻao o ko mākou ʻāina, ʻo ka ragweed (ʻohana aster) i hōʻike ʻia e ʻekolu mau ʻano lāʻau: wormwood, tripartite a me perennial. ʻO nā mea āpau lākou a pau he mau pilikia weliweli a ua hōʻike ʻia. No laila, inā loaʻa ka ragweed i nā huaʻī, pāpā lākou i ka lawe ʻana i nā wahi ʻē aʻe o ka ʻāina a ke kūʻai aku. Hoʻokomo ʻo Ambrosia i nā maʻi o ka poʻe - ka ʻōpala ʻoi ka huhū a me ka hiolo. ʻO ka Center All Krasnodar wale nō i hoʻopaʻa ʻia i nā tausani he nui i hoʻopilikia i ka pollen ragweed.
Leaf Ambrosia (ʻAmelika Mokuahine Artemisiifolia)
Ekolu ʻāpana Ambrosia - he pua ākea a ikaika nui loa a maloʻo hoʻi (hiki i 2 m) nā kumu a me nā lau ākea. Hōʻike koke ia i ka pūnāwai, kūkulu koke i ka nui a kāwīwī iā ia i nā makahiki hou, e komo pū ana nā mea kanu. I ka manawa like, hoʻoheheʻe nui ʻia ka lepo. Hoʻopau ia i ka waenakonu o Iune, hoʻomaka mai i ka waena o Iulai a hiki i Kepakemapa. Ua loaʻa ka hui mua o kēia weule ma ka ʻāina ʻo Samara. I kēia mau ʻekena ragweed ʻekolu i loaʻa ma Volgograd, Samara, Saratov, Orenburg, Voronezh mau wahi a me Bashkortostan. Ua hele mai kona kino i nā wahi ʻo Perm, Amur, Irkutsk.
Leaf Ambrosia kēlā me kēia makahiki kekahi. I ka helehelena ua ʻano like ia me kahi lāʻau lāʻau maʻamau. Hāʻawi ʻia ia e nā achenes, hiki iā ia ke mālama i ka hiki ke kū aʻe a hiki i 40 mau makahiki. Hoʻopau ia ma ka mahina ʻo ʻAukake a i kēia manawa ke hoʻopuka nei i ka polū he hua, hua ka hua i Kepakemapa. He mea ākea nui ia ma ka North Caucasus māhele, Volgograd, Astrakhan region a Kalmykia.
Ambrosia nigrum (Ambrosia psilostachya)
ʻAmelika makahiki hiki ke hoʻohālikelike me ka lāʻau ʻala, akā he mau mea lawehala ia e kū ʻole ana i nā haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa a ʻaʻole i hoʻokaʻawale ʻia i loko o kahi palauho paʻakikī. Hoʻonui ka hua a hiki i Mei, ʻoi aku ka pua ma waena o Iulai (ʻoi aku ka liʻiliʻi o ka pollen ma mua o ka wormwood), hua ka hua i ʻAukake-Kepakemapa. Hoʻomaopopo ʻia ma ka Stavropol Territory, Volgograd, Samara, Orenburg mau wahi a me Bashkortostan.
Pehea e luku ai iā ragweed? ʻO ka hana pinepine ʻana i nā mea mahiʻai. Loaʻa i ke kikowaena o ka ragweed, e wehe koke i nā mea kanu mai ka pūnaewele a puhi iā lākou. E hōʻuluʻulu i nā mauʻu i ka manawa ulu: mai waiho iā lākou e pua a hua. Ke hoʻāla nei mākou, ke hoʻāʻo e ʻoki, akā e kāwī i nā rhizomes o ka ragweed o ka makahiki. Hoʻopili i ka wahi me nā mea kanu hoʻoilo a i ʻole kaoli makahiki (rump, wheatgrass, fescue, foxtail) i hui pū ʻia me nā mea kanu (sainfoin, alfalfa) mau mea kanu. I nā makahiki ʻelua a ʻekolu paha, e ʻāwili ʻia nā ʻano hewe lehua.
I kahi hihia o ka hoʻokalakupua nui, pono ʻoe e haʻalele i ka wahi i lalo o ka mokumahu a mālama iā ia i kekahi manawa me ka herbicides (Roundup, Glissol, Glyphosate). Hiki i nā lāʻau lapaʻau he nui hou aʻe, akā hiki ke hoʻohana ʻia wale nō me ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā mea hana kūikawā. No laila, ke kuhikuhi aku nei au iā ʻoe e hoʻopili i nā nānā hoʻokolohua kūloko no ke kōkua.
Mea i hoʻohana ʻia:
- ʻO O. Volkova, ke poʻo o ka lāʻau Weed Plants Laboratory, All-Russian Institute Institute of Plant Quarantine
