ʻO Gladiolus he pua pahi, he aliʻi ia o ka lanakila, he duelist hanohano. ʻO nā moʻolelo nani a me nā manaʻo e pili ana i kēia mau kala nani. Ua pili lākou i nā pono hōʻola. Wahi a ka moʻolelo, ulu ʻo gladioli mai nā pahi i hoʻopio ʻia e nā Roma o nā koa Thracian. Gladiolus, a i ʻole Fennel (Gladíolus) - he genus o nā mea kanu tuberous o ka ʻohana Iris me nā pua nani. E kamaʻilio kēia nūhou e pili ana i nā hiʻohiʻona o ka hoʻonui ʻana i ka gladioli i ka māla.
Gladiolus - pua puaʻO ka weheweheʻana Botanical o gladiolus
ʻO ka wahi hānau o ka gladiolus ka wahi a me nā subtropical o ʻApelika a me ka Mediterranean, Central a me Southern Europe, Central Asia, Western Siberia. Ma kahi o 200 mau ʻano e ʻike ʻia ai. Nā mea kanu ola, corms. ʻO ke kūpaʻa nā kumu, kūlia ʻole, hoʻokahi, lau, 50-150 cm kiʻekiʻe. Lalo nā lau a xiphoid 50-80 cm ka lōʻihi.
Hoʻokaʻa iki ka ʻāpana o nā gladiolus i nā ʻōpala, me ka ikaika loa. Kohi ʻia nā pua i ka pālima, bilateral a i ʻole Spagebores spores inflorescence a hiki i 80 cm ka lōʻihi, maloʻo, medium-dense or an be. ʻO nā pua Sedentary me kahi perianth maʻalahi o kahi kālai ʻia ʻeono o nā lehelehe like ʻole, i hui ʻia me nā waihona, nā ʻano like ʻole a me nā ʻano like.
ʻO ka hua gladiolus kahi pahu tricuspid. Nui nā hua, he ʻōpala a i ʻewaʻe paha, ʻulaʻula. Hoʻokomo ʻia ka huaʻai, hoʻopaneʻe hou i kēlā me kēia makahiki, ʻaʻahu ʻia i nā ʻāpana membranous mai ke keʻokeʻo a ʻeleʻele a me ka cherry i ke kala.
Ke kanu nei i ka gladioli
Pehea e hoʻomākaukau ai i ka lepo no ka kanu gladioli?
ʻO ka hoʻomākaukau ʻana i ka lepo no ka gladioli e koi i kahi hoʻoikaika. E ulu maikaʻi ka Gladioli ma luna o kahi lepo i kanu ʻia, akā ma ka maikaʻi o nā mea a pau - ma ka papale ke one māmā, me ka nui o ka humus. E hōʻoia e hoʻohui i ke one i ka lepo lepo.
Hoʻohui i ka humus, ka lime a kālai iā ia i ka hohonu o 25-30 cm ma kahi āu i koho ai no ka gladiolus i ka wā lūlū. ʻAʻole pono e hoʻohana ʻia ka manure hou, no ka mea he ʻelua mau kuli: i kēia wā ke mālama maikaʻi ʻole nā pōpoki, ʻoi aku nā lau a me nā pua liʻiliʻi he mau liʻiliʻi . ^ E Ha yM.
I ka pūnāwai, pono e eli ʻia nā moʻo gladiolus, pae ʻia a hoʻokuʻi ʻia me ka ammonium nitrate (15-20 g no sq. M), pālua ka superphosphate (10-15 g no sq. M) a me ka pāpaʻi pālio (25-30 g no sq. M). Ke kanu i nā mea kanu, hiki iā ʻoe ke hoʻohui i ka lehu lāʻau - 40-60 g no ka palena mika.
ʻAʻohe hihia i kanu i ka gladioli ma kahi hoʻokahi no mau makahiki ʻelua - e hōʻeha ʻia lākou. A ma waho aʻe, e pale i nā wahi i ulu ʻia ai nā phlox, asters a me nā pua ʻē aʻe i kūpono ʻole i nā maʻi fungal e like me ka gladioli. ʻO nā kukama kūpono, nā kukama, nā aniani, ke kāleka a me nā opala.
Mai kanu i ka gladioli ma hoʻokahi wahi no ʻelua mau makahiki i ka lālani - hōʻehaʻeha lākouKūʻai
No ka gladioli leʻaleʻa me kahi pua ulu, pono e koho i kahi kūpono a kanu pono i nā corms. Ua ʻike ʻia ʻo ia ka māmā a gladiolus a he aloha lā i ka lā. No laila, e koho ana i kahi no ia, pono ʻoe e hōʻoia i ka noʻonoʻo pono o ka moena mai ka hikina a i ke komohana.
Ma waena o Lūkini, ua kanu ʻia nā gladioli i ka hapalua mua o Mei inā ua hoʻomau ke kala a maloʻo a hiki i 10 degere Celsius. Me ka haʻahaʻa o ka haʻahaʻa a me ka hoʻohaʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa loa, hoʻomōhala ʻia nā aʻa a i ka mana o kahi aʻa ikaika, kahi e hoʻolako ʻia ai ka mea kanu me ka meaʻai maʻamau.
Ma mua o ke kanu ʻana i nā cadi gladiolus i ka lepo, hoʻomaʻemaʻe ʻia i nā paila maloʻo; ua mahele ʻia e ka maʻi, ua ʻoki ʻia nā wahi maikaʻi ʻole, a kāwī ʻia nā ʻāpana me ka malala. ʻOiaʻiʻo, hiki ke pale ʻia kēia mau mea inā e nānā pono ʻia nā kūleʻa i ka wā o ke kūʻai ʻana - ʻaʻohe pono o ka pala a me ka ʻaʻa ma luna o lākou. E nānā pono i lalo: inā liʻiliʻi, a he ʻōpio nā ʻōpala.
ʻO ka corm gladiolus pākahi, ma ke ʻano he kānāwai, ka lōʻihi o 5 a 7 cm paha, akā loaʻa nā ʻōhua he 10-centimeter, ʻoiai naʻe ʻokoʻa loa. Hoʻololi ʻia nā kaila e hoʻohana ʻia i kēlā me kēia makahiki e ka mea hou - ʻoi aku ka pinepine a hoʻokahi, ʻelua a ʻehā paha paha. A i kā lākou kumu, nā kolo (nā keiki) i kahi anana o 2 a 10 mm, ka nui o kēlā me kēia mai ka 10 a hiki i 200 a hilinaʻi ʻia i nā ʻano loea o nā ʻano a me nā ʻano kanu.
ʻO ka nui a me ka nui o nā corms a me ke ʻano o ka ʻāina e pili i ka hohonu o ke kanu. Ma nā lepo māmā, ua kau ʻia lākou i ka hohonu o 10-12 cm, ma nā ʻeleʻele loamy - 2-3 cm kiʻekiʻe. Aia nā'ōpili liʻiliʻi o ka gladiolus ma ka 5-8 cm mai ka māla, ʻaʻole nā haʻahaʻa o nā keiki ma lalo o 3-5 cm, a ua kanu ʻia i hoʻokahi pule ma mua o nā pōpoki pākeke. Ma hope o ke kanu ʻana, pīpī ʻia ka moena me ka maʻa a i ka humus no 2-3 cm.
A inā e kanu hohonu ʻoe? ʻO ka mea mua, e pua nā gladioluses ma hope mai. ʻO ka lua, hoʻokumu ʻia kahi corm nui, akā he liʻiliʻi nā keiki. A ʻo ka mea leʻaleʻa maikaʻi loa - i nā pīkī kauwela maloʻo hiki ke hoʻopilikia i nā maʻi maʻi.
Mālama ʻO Gladiolus
E like me kekahi kanaka, makemake ke gladiolus e puni a me ka nānā. Ua ʻoluʻolu ʻo ia i ka lokomaikaʻi a me ke aloha me nā kala momona a me ka pua lush. A no ka neʻe ʻana o ke ala i loko o ka puʻuwai o ke kanaka ma o ka ʻōpū, i hiki ai i ka loaʻa ʻana o kahi o ka pua, pono e hānai ʻia: i kēlā me kēia 10 mau lā, e hoʻomaka ana mai ka lua o ka makahiki o Iune, a i ʻole hoʻi e pili ana i nā hana hoʻomohala.
ʻO ka manawa mua e hānai ai nā gladioli i ka wā e ʻike ʻia ai nā lau 3-4, ka lua - 5-6, maikaʻi, a me ke kolu - ma mua o ka pua ʻana. ʻOi aku ka maikaʻi ma ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka loea wai. Akā kūpono nā minuke maloʻo - i kekahi mau dosis: 10 g o ka ammonium nitrate, 10-15 g o ka paʻakai pākela a 20-25 g ka lehu lāʻau a me 10 g ka superphosphate no 1 sq. Km. m. Ma hope o kā lākou noi, ua hoʻomanū maikaʻi ka lepo a hoʻomoʻi maikaʻi. I ka waena o ʻAukake, pono e hoʻōki ka hānai.
E mālama i ka lepo o ka lepo. Hoʻomaʻamaʻa maoli ʻo Gladioli i kona hemahema i ka wā e puka ai lākou i ka inflorescences a me kahi lua o nā aʻa. E inu ka wai i ka mea kanu i ka manawa kūpono, inā ʻole e hoʻomohala pono ka ʻōnaehana aʻa, a me nā ʻano o ka inflorescences.
Hoʻomaʻamaʻa loa nā Gladioli i ka nele o ka ea.
ʻO Gladioli i ka hoʻolālā ʻāina
ʻO nā mea kanu i kanu pinepine ʻia i nā māla māla? ʻO kēlā mau mea mālama e mālama liʻiliʻi a pale i nā pōʻino ʻino. He aha nā mea hoʻolālā e makemake ai? ʻO nā mea kanu kūleʻa e kūʻole ʻole i ke kaana o ka pua pua ma mua o, i ka wā, a i ka wā o ka pua. ʻAʻole i hoʻokō ʻo Gladiolus i kēia mau koi.
Hoʻomaʻa ka hapanui o ka hoʻoilo me nā cubadi gladiolus i kahi hopohopo: e ala lākou - ʻaʻole lākou e kū aʻe, e hoʻokaʻawale lākou - ʻaʻole lākou e hoʻokaʻawale. ʻO kahi ʻāpana nui o ka pua pua i kū ʻole hou i ka manawa. Ma hope o ka ua, ʻo nā pua e haʻalele i ka kū, pono e hoʻopili i nā paila. A i ka wā e ulu ai lākou, ʻokiʻoki ʻia lākou, no ka mea, ua hiki mai ka mua o Kepakemapa.
Aia mai kahi nīnau kuhihewa: no ke aha e kanu ai nā gladioli? ʻO ka mua, kuʻuna; lua, i ka lūlū o ka lā Malaki ʻaʻole hiki ke hele i nā pahu nani o nā ʻōpala; a ʻo ke kolu, inā ʻoe e hana i nā mea āpau e like me nā rula, he mea kupanaha ka hopena.
I ka wā mua, pono ia e wehewehe maopopo i nā pua i manaʻo ʻia no ka ʻoki ʻana, a e lawelawe ʻia ma ke ʻano he lei no ka māla pua. ʻO nā poʻe ʻoki ʻia, kanu mākou i kahi kūʻokoʻa. Ma ka māla aiʻole ke kihi ʻole o ka māla. Maikaʻi, inā hoʻoholo ʻoe e hoʻokomo i ka gladioli i ka ʻano ʻāina, pono ʻoe e hoʻomaka me ka noʻonoʻo ʻana ma o ka assortment.
Me kona ʻokoʻa āpau, hoʻokaʻawale ʻia ka gladioli i ʻelua ʻāpana nui: nui nā pua a ʻalaʻō.
ʻO ka gladioli nui-pua pua - He mau mea nani loa kēia a mākou i ʻike ai e ʻike i loko o kā mākou mau māla a me nā alaki. ʻO kahi kūpono e kūpono ai no lākou, he mea hui kāwaha nui.
ʻO ka gladioli liʻiliʻi pua - he hui hou no mākou. He haʻahaʻa lākou a nānā i nā hiʻohiʻona maʻalahi. Akā kēia ka mea e hana ai iā lākou i ka honua a me nā mea pono. Ma kahi o ka pale kuʻuna i ka māla pua, he kūpono iā lākou no ka hoʻopili kūloko ʻana me nā pōhaku a me nā conifers, a no kahi ʻano pōhaku nui, a no nā mea lawe.
Hiki ke kanu ʻia nā ʻano pākaha lahilahi a kūleʻa ka lepo ma lalo o lākou (kūlohelohe, pīpī ʻia me nā pahu lāʻau, nutshells, gravel - nā mea āpau. A ʻike kiʻekiʻe nā papa kiʻekiʻe, e like me ke kānāwai, ma ka papa ʻelua o ka māla pua.
ʻO ka pilikia me ka gladioli he ʻelua: ʻo ka mea mua: pua lākou a hala ka lua, a ʻo ka lua, hāʻule ka pale ma ka ua me ka makani. Pono mākou e hele i nā maʻalea. No ka laʻana, hiki iā ʻoe ke kanu i ka gladioli ma waena o nā pālahalaha pālahalaha o nā mea kanu o ka laulā kiʻekiʻe (spirea liʻiliʻi, barberries, etc.) i hiki ke hoʻopaʻa i nā kumu. A i ʻole kanu i nā perennials a puni iā ia e hūnā i nā kaula a me nā pine.
A, ʻoiaʻiʻo, ʻaʻole paʻakikī loa e hoʻopaʻa i nā mea kanu me nā mea pailaka, ʻo ia hoʻi, e kanu wale ai i nā mea hoʻokani ma waena o ka gladioli. Inā ʻoe e koho iā lākou i ke kala (e hoʻokūkū i ka waena o ka pua i ka wā e hiki mai ana i loko o ka gamut maʻamau paha) lākou e hoʻomaikaʻi nui i ka manaʻo.
I kēia mau hihia a pau, e noʻonoʻo ʻoe, ua uhi ʻia ka ʻāina a ʻike ʻia nā gladioli e puka mai loko mai o ka nui o nā mea kanu ʻē aʻe. Ke waiho nei kahi haʻahaʻa ma hope o nā hiʻohiʻona, nā pepeiao elastic, a ua maikaʻi ka māla pua i ke kauwela āpau.
Palapala gladiolus (Gladiolus palustris).
ʻO nā ʻano o gladioli
ʻO kahi ʻōlelo ʻo Gladiolus (ʻO Gladiolus palustris). ^ E Ha yM. Ma nā ʻulā kahakai o Central Europe, ʻAmelika ʻArani, ʻo Peninsula ʻo Balkan; lawa ma Belarus. He palupalu ka nāpa, nā aiki, 30-60 cm ke kiʻekiʻe. ʻO nā pua he 5-8, 3 cm lōʻihi, ʻeleʻele uliuli. Kūleʻa ka ʻōpū, he 0.5-0.7 cm ka lōʻihi. Nā wā noho oval, he ʻumi, i hui; 3 mau ʻauʻu haʻahaʻa ʻoi aku ka lōʻihi ma mua o ke koʻi, me ka manamana lima e like me ka lōʻihi ma ka hope. Nā lāʻau Anthers stamens. ʻO nā Bracts kahi lanceolate, kuhikuhi ʻia, 3-4 cm lōʻihi. ʻO ka inflorescence hoʻokahi-ʻaoʻao. Nā lau 2-3, ua like lākou, he 18-20 cm ka lōʻihi, 1 cm ākea. Corm a hiki i 2 cm ākea; atu fibrous a angaʻi nā pūkili, luna aʻe. Hoʻopau ia i ke kauwela. Hoʻohana ʻia ia ma nā kīhāpai pōhaku, no nā ʻāina mākaʻi kokoke i kahi mea e noho ai. Hoʻokomo ʻia nā huaʻai i ka hāʻule, no ka hoʻoilo pono e uhi ʻia lākou. Hana ʻia: Moscow, Stavropol.
ʻO Gladiolus byzantine (Gladiolus byzantinus). Ma nā wahi nahele, nā kihi nahele ma ka Hikina, ʻAlepa Minor a me Asia Minor (Suria, Turkey, Iran). Hoʻopau ia i ke kauwela. Ke kumu ka 45-60 cm kiʻekiʻe, pololei, lahilahi. ʻO nā pua nui ka nui, ma ka kūlohelohe 3-4 cm, ma ka moʻomeheu a hiki i 5-6 cm ākea, papale a carmine-red (raspberry) me kahi laina keʻokeʻo ma waena o ka vein waena. He liʻiliʻi ka pahu (1-1.5 cm lōʻihi), kuliki liʻiliʻi. E wākiki ka wā kikowaena, he ʻoi aku ka lōʻihi ma mua o ke kiʻekiʻe a me kahi kikoʻī wehewehe ʻokoʻa o ka lōʻihi e like me ka wāwae. Kokoke like nā ʻāpana Anthers i nā kaula. ʻO nā palakaʻi ma nā ʻōlapa, hiki i ke 3 cm lōʻihi. ʻAʻole loaʻa nā inflorescence, hoʻokahi ʻaoʻao, 15-20 cm lōʻihi, me nā pua 5-10. Aia ka 3 mau lau, he xiphoid, 30-35 cm lōʻihi a me kahi o 1-1.5 cm ākea, me nā nāwaliwali nāwaliwali. Pāʻai nui, 1.8-2 cm ākea; he brown, kūleʻa, nāu mai nā mea kū mai i ke ʻano maoli, he fibrous, e wāwahi ana i mau kaula. He ʻulaʻulahe, ʻano ʻēheu.
Gladiolus Kochi (Gladiolus kotschyanus). Ma nā pā kūloko subalpine a hiki i 3000 m ma luna o ke kai ma Iran a me Afghanistan; South Transcaucasia. Stem 35-65 cm, kūpaʻa, lahilahi. Mau pua 4-8 i kahi manawa pōkole nui, hoʻokahi ʻaoʻao. ʻO ka wā 2.5-3 cm lōʻihi., Pōuliuli-violet; lobes ovate-scapular me kahi kolikā pōkā lōʻihi. Kahu a piʻi i ka 1 cm lōʻihi., Bent. Kahi a 1.5 cm lōʻihi., Lanceolate-oblong. Nā lau, me 3, linear, ʻūpiki, 20-30 cm lōʻihi., 0.6- 0.8 cm ākea. Hoʻopukaʻia ka pahu. Aia nā ʻōpū, ʻaʻole ʻēheu. Corm ovoid, 2-2.5 cm ākea .; ʻūpī ka huluhulu, ili, ka ʻāʻeke ma luna. Hoʻopau ia i ka pūnāwai. Nā hua. Hoʻokumu ʻia no nā mea hana a me nā mixborder.
ʻO Gladiolus vulgaris (Gladiolus komunis) Ma nā ʻāpana a me nā wahi nahele he nahele a hiki i ke kiʻekiʻe o 2100 m ma luna o ke kai. m. ma ka Hikina, hema Hema, Asia Minor, Iran; Crimea, Kaukaole. The kiʻekiʻe is 60-100 cm taas, kū. He kukui a pua nā pua, i nā puka ma lalo ma ke kikowaena he keokeo keʻokeʻo, ʻikiʻiki i ka pāpale, 3-4 cm ākea, ikaika zygomorphic. ʻO ke alapine ka paku liʻiliʻi (a hiki i ka 1 cm lōʻihi), kūlou. He pōkā nā kikoʻī, 2,5-3 cm ka lōʻihi, lalo o 3 me kahi marigold. Kūkā nā Brots, 1,5-2 cm lōʻihi, lanceolate. Hoʻopapa ka pepeiao, hoʻokahi-ʻaoʻao, 15-20 cm lōʻihi, mai nā pua 4-12. Hoʻohui a ʻoi paha ka pōkole o ka Anthers ma mua o nā kaula. Nā lau 3-4, ua kuʻikiʻo loa lākou, 20-30 cm lōʻihi, 1.5-2 cm ākea. Kokua a puni, a hiki i 2 cm ākea; ʻO nā kinipiki o nā ʻāpana kūwili, nā wēwele o luna. Hoʻopuka ka pahu, 1-1,5 cm lōʻihi.
ʻOli a Gladiolus (Gladiolus imbricatus). Ma nā wahi maloʻo a me nā mea kanu lāʻau i ke Kaiwaena, Hema a me Central Europe; mai ka Crimea a me ka Caucasus i ka ʻaoʻao hema o ka ʻāina Leningrad, komo ia i ke komohana ʻākau o Kazakhstan (mauna Mugodzharskie). Kū pololei ke kumu, 30-50 cm kiʻekiʻe, ma kahi moʻomeheu a hiki i ke 80 cm. ʻO nā pua mai 3 a 14 paha i kahi pālahalaha hoʻokahi, akā nā pōkole pōkole. ʻO ka perianth he poni-ʻulaʻula a me kaʻulaʻula uliuli, ke ʻano nui, 3 cm lōʻihi. a 3-4 cm o ka palaoa. ʻO nā kahe a ʻokiʻoki, kiʻi, kokoke i like ke like me ka nui, e kau ana ma luna o kekahi. He liʻiliʻi ka kipa, ākuhi a hiki i 1 cm loa. ʻO nā Brides he lanceolate, liʻiliʻi, 2-2.5 cm lōʻihi. I nā lau 2-3, ua laina lākou me ka hoʻohanohano ʻana i nā ʻāpana, 15-30 cm lōʻihi. Kokua a puni, a hiki i 2 cm ākea; ʻūpī ʻia nā kinipaka, i hana ʻia me nā ʻāpana kūaloko, ua pau i ke kumu. ʻO ka pahu me ka cylindrical a me kahi cylindrical. Nā hua laula ākea. Hoʻopau ia i ke kauwela kauwela.
ʻO Gladiolus Byzantine (Gladiolus byzantinus).
ʻO Gladiolus Kochi (Gladiolus kotschyanus).
ʻO Gladiolus vulgaris (Gladiolus komunis).
ʻO nā ala e hoʻopili ai i nā maʻi gladiolus
ʻO ka hakakā me nā maʻi gladiolus ma mua, pale mua, prophylaxis a me prophylaxis. E maʻalahi ke pale i kahi maʻi ma mua o ka hakakā ʻana ma hope aʻe. Hāʻawi ka hoʻolaha ʻana i nā maʻi i ka ʻenehana mahiai kūpono a me ka ʻike ʻole ʻana i nā kumu kumu o ka pale lāʻau.
Kālaha ka hapanui o nā maʻi gladiolus e nā hua manu. Me nā māla ākea a me nā kūlana kūlohelohe, hiki i nā maʻi ke hoʻopilikia i nā mea kanu āpau i loko o kahi mau lā. Hoʻopilikia ʻia me nā kōmala mineral e hoʻopilikia i ka hiki ʻana o nā maʻi i ka maikaʻi a me ka maikaʻi ʻole. Hoʻohana pinepine ʻia nā paʻakai ma ka ʻāina e hōʻeha i nā lauoho aʻa. Hoʻomoʻi pinepine nā pathogens ma o ka i make.
I ka wā kanu, he mea pōʻino i ka hoʻopiʻi i nā gladioli me nā ʻūkē o ka nitrogen, no ka mea e hoʻonui kēia i nā keʻena intercellular i loko o nā aʻa aʻa, kahi e hoʻomaʻamaʻa pū i ke komo ʻana o nā fungi a me nā meaʻino i loko o ka mea kanu. I ka wā lohi, me ka nui o ka waihona lepo ma ka lepo, hoʻomau ka ulu o ka mea kanu no ka manawa lōʻihi, kahi e hoʻemi ana i ka maikaʻi o nā corms. Hoʻonui ka paʻakai i ka pale ʻana o nā mea kanu ʻaʻole wale nō i nā maʻi, akā no ka hoʻoilo ʻana, ke keleawe, ka manganese a me ka zinc e kōkua pū kekahi i kēia.
Pono e hoʻomanaʻo i ka hōʻemi o ka nitrogen i ka hoʻokaʻawaleʻana o ke keleawe, a me ka phosphorus - keleawe, zinc a me boron. No laila, ʻo ka manawa pū me ka lole luna me nā mea kanu nitrika, e hāʻawi pū ʻia nā mea kanu keleawe. Ma muli o ka noi haʻahaʻa no ka fosfor a me kāna hopena maikaʻi loa i ka ka nānā ʻana o nā mea he nui o ke ʻeke, ʻaʻole pono e lawe ʻia kekahi i nā kolu fosforo. Aia nā agrotechnical, kemika a me nā ʻano kino e pale ai i nā maʻi.
Nā lāʻau Agrotechnical o ka pale ʻana i nā maʻi
ʻO ka hoʻomākaukau ʻana i ka lepo no ka kanu ʻana i ka gladioli ka mea koʻikoʻi i ka ʻohi. I ka hoʻohou, ke kāwele ʻia ka lepo ma 2 bayonets o kahi ʻulaʻula me kahi keli o ka waiwai. Hoʻopau kēia i ka hoʻomaikaʻi ʻana i ka lepo, no ka mea, e komo nā ʻili o nā maʻi parasit i loko a make i laila.
Hoʻonui nui ʻia ka hoʻomaikaʻi ʻana i ka lepo ma o ke aʻa ʻana. ʻO ka laʻana, ma mua o gladioli he mea kūpono ia e ulu i nā marigolds, calendula, nasturtium, mustard, pālato. I ka loaʻa ʻana o nā corms hou, hiki iā ʻoe ke lawe mai i kekahi maʻi i kāu pūnaewele. No laila, pono e hāʻawi pono i nā mea kuʻuna a me nā hana disinfecting.
Pono nā nānā o nā gladioli ma mua o ke kanu ʻana e nānā pono a kanu i nā mea kanu pono wale nō - ua luku ʻia ke koena. Hoʻomaʻamaʻa hoʻomoʻa ʻole o ka kanu ʻana i nā mea kanu 0,55% o ka keleawe keleawe a i ʻole ka hopena ikaika o ka potassium permanganate no 30 mau minuke ma mua o ke kanu ʻana e kōkua i ke kāpae ʻana i nā pathogens mai kona ʻili.
Hoʻonui ka mea kanu i ka manawa ʻoi aku ka pale ʻana o nā mea kanu i nā maʻi. Ke lohi nei ka kanu a hiki i ka ulu ʻana o ka lepo i 10 mau kekelē, hoʻomehana ka hoʻomohala ʻana o nā aʻa, a ma muli o ke ʻano o nā huaʻai i loko o ka corm, hoʻomaka ka ulu ulu ʻana. I ka hopena, pohō ʻia nā mea kanu a maʻalahi ʻia e ka maʻi.
ʻO ka lawe ʻana i ka huʻu, kanu a me ka kanu ʻana he mea nui ia no ka pale ʻana. ʻAʻole hoʻonā wale nā lau nahele i ka lepo, akā e lawelawe pū ʻia nō hoʻi he mau ʻāpana o ka maʻi. Kōkua ʻo Loosening e luku i ka mycelium a hoʻomaikaʻi i ka komo ʻana o ka ea i nā aʻa. ʻO ka hemahema o ka nāwaliwali e hoʻonāwaliwali i ka ʻōnaehana kumu, a ʻoi aku ka nui o ka gladioli e nā maʻi.
Hoʻonui ka manawa kūpono i nā mea pale i nā mea kanu. ʻO ka manawa o ka hakakā ʻo gladioli e hoʻopili i ka nui o nā mea maʻi i maʻi no ke makahiki e hiki mai ana. Ma hope o ka hoʻomaʻemaʻe, ʻo nā mea kanu like ʻole o ka maʻi. Pono ke keiki e kanu ai no nā mea kanu olakino ikaika, kahi e hoʻomaikaʻi mau ai ka ʻano like.
ʻO Gladiolus imbricate (Gladiolus imbricatus).© Simonette
Ka hoʻohana lāʻau
E hoʻolōʻihi i ka mea kanu mea kanu o ka gladioli, ka lepo a me ka hoʻoulu ʻana i nā mea kanu, mea hoʻohana nā mea hoʻonaninani no nā pathogens a me nā pōpoki. Hoʻolaha ʻia ka lāʻau kūlohelohe no ka prophylaxis, e hōʻike ana i hiki ke hele mai nā pathogens ma lalo o kēia mau kūlana. E hoʻopau ʻia kahi lāʻau lapaʻau i nā spora ma mua o ko lākou komo ʻana i ka mea kanu mea kanu.
E hoʻolele i ka lepo i ka wā o ka hoʻoilo ʻana o ka hoʻoilo, e hoʻoheheʻe ʻia me ka ʻōmole keleawe 2% a i ʻole ka hopena o 1-3ia thiazone ma ka nui o ka 10 pākahi i kēlā me kēia m. 10 lita, (akā naʻe, ʻaʻole ʻoi aku ma mua o 1 mau manawa i 3 mau makahiki), a laila no ka disinfection no 30 mau minuke. i loko o kahi hopena pānaʻi pōkole o ka potassium permanganate a i ʻole he hopena o ke keleawe keleawe (5 g. no 10 l.) a i ʻole i nā hola 18 i loko o kahi hopena o ka thiourea (5 g. per 1 l.).
ʻO nā corms nā maʻi o ka gladioli e hoʻopalapula ʻia i ka hopena thiourea hiki ke ho'ōla ʻia. Hoʻohana ʻia ʻo Karbofos no ka pale ʻana i ka hoʻouluulu ʻana mai nā pōpoki, hoʻomaka ma ka hopena o Iune me ka palena o 1-2 mau pule, he 2-3 mau manawa wale nō ma kēlā me kēia makahiki (20g no 10 mau wai ka wai). Inā loaʻa nā peonies i loko o ke kīhāpai, a laila mālama ʻia lākou me ka hopena like, e like me nā kuʻikuʻu mai kekahi moʻomeheu i kekahi.
No ka pale ʻana a me ka therapeutic spraying, hoʻomaka i ka waena o Iune, ʻo ka pīpī ʻana me ka hoʻihoʻi i ka hopena o ke keleawe oxychloride (5-10 g no 10 lita) ka mea i hoʻohana ʻia a mālama ʻia nā mea kanu i kēlā me kēia lā 4-5 ma ka liʻiliʻi he 3 i ka lālani. No ke kūleʻa i nā kūpeʻe, ʻo ka hana pū me ka hoʻōla o ke kālai ʻia e hoʻohana ʻia no hoʻi (100-200 gr. No kēlā me 10 pā).
ʻO ka kanu ʻana i ka gladioli i nā ʻōlelo kūpono e hoʻonui i ka pale ʻana o nā mea kanu i nā maʻi.
Ke ʻano kino
ʻO ke ʻano kino o ke kino ma ka hoʻomohala ʻana i nā cadioli corms i hope koke o ka huki. Pono e holoi ʻia nā ʻōpio maʻemaʻe, hoʻokaʻawale ka pēpē, ʻokiʻoki i nā aʻa a me nā hua. E ninini i nā corms me ka wai wela, kahi mahana + 55 degere. kūpono e like me ka thermometer. Ma hope o 5 mau minuke, hoʻoheʻe i ka wai a hoʻopiha iā ia me ka wai wela no 10 mau minuke 55 (55 kiʻekiʻe). A laila hoʻoheheʻe i ka wai wela a ninini koke i ka wai maloʻo 10-12 kekona, e hoʻonoho iā ia i 3-4 mau manawa a e kahe ana paha.
E kōkua ka ʻokoʻa ʻana o ka mahana i ka mālama ʻana i nā corms mai Fusarium, rot, scab, he hopena pili i ka nematodes a me nā hehi. E ninini ʻia nā corms i mālama ʻia no nā minuke 30 me kahi hopena ikaika o ka potassium permanganate (2 g. Per 1 lita). Ma hope o kēia, e maloʻo nā corms no 2-3 mau lā ma ke kiʻekiʻe kiʻekiʻe o ka hanu a me ka ea ʻana, a laila 30 mau lā i ke koena o 20-25 degere.
