Mai ka wā kahiko, ʻoluʻolu ka poʻe cedar me kona mana maoli, ka nani a me ka mana hoʻōla. Ua kapa ʻia ʻo ia ka mea ʻai manu, he makana, he makana mai nā akua. Mai ka wā mau i nā lāʻau kedera, ua manaʻo ʻia nā kumu wai o ka hana mana, e ʻoluʻolu a hoʻomālamalama i nā manaʻo, hoʻāla i ka ʻuhane a alakaʻi i nā manaʻo i nā mea nani a pau ma ka Honua. Ma ke kau ʻana o nā kaukani he mau makahiki i ka manawa a ka poʻe e nānā aku ai iā ia, ʻaʻole wale ʻo ia i nalo i kāna ʻike, akā ua hoʻonui ʻia ʻo ia, ua hōʻoia ʻia e nā ʻike ʻepekema he nui.
ʻO nā kiʻi e pili ana i ka lāʻau kedera
ʻO Cedar kekahi o kēlā mau lāʻau laka, nā ʻāpana āpau e hoʻohana i nā meaʻai a i nā lāʻau lapaʻau.
He ikaika phytoncid ka nahele i loaʻa ai ka hoʻokahi hectare o kēlā ululāʻau e hoʻomaʻemaʻe i ka ea i loko o ke kūlanakauhale holoʻokoʻa.
ʻO ka Sumerians kahiko i mahalo i ka lāʻau kedera me ke kumu laʻa a hāʻawi i nā inoa i ʻoi loa. Lawelawe ʻia ka lāʻau Cedar ma ke ʻano o ke hoʻololi ʻana a ʻike pinepine ʻia ʻoi aku ma mua o ke gula. ʻO ka akua Sumerian ua ʻike ʻia ʻo ia ke akua paia o ka lāʻau kedera, ʻaʻole hiki i kekahi ke ʻoki ʻia i kēia lāʻau me ka ʻole o ka ʻae loa. Kuhi kēia mau mea ʻike i nā papa pālolo i loaʻa i ka wā o ka hoʻokaʻawale ʻana, a hoʻi mai i nā makahiki 5-4. BC. Ma luna o lākou ua palapala ʻia ka wehewehe ʻana i ke ʻano o ke kedera.
Ka mea i hoʻolaʻa ʻia o ka hale kupapaʻu o ke Aliʻi Tutankhamun i hana ʻia i ka lāʻau sedera. No 3 tausani mau makahiki, ʻaʻole ia i pōʻino wale nō, akā ua paʻa i ka momona ʻono. Ma muli o kona mau ʻano maikaʻi, ʻo ka lāʻau keda kekahi o nā mea pono a ka palaualelo, a ua kōkua ka aʻa lāʻau kedera e mālama i ka maikaʻi o ka papa lālau o ka lāʻopa a hiki i kēia lā.
Kūkulu ka poʻe kahiko i ko lākou mau moku mai ka lāʻau kedera, a me ka lāʻau gopher nani, kahi a Noa i kūkulu ai i kāna pahu, he lāʻau lāʻau e ulu ana ma nā awāwa o Mesopotamia.
ʻO ka wehewehe lāʻau
ʻO ka ʻohana cedina no ka ʻohana Pine. ʻO kēia mau lāʻau monoecious a evergreen a hiki i 45 mau kiʻekiʻe ke kiʻekiʻe, me ka lei ākea ākea ākea. He lōʻihi lākou a lōʻihi a ulu i kahi makahiki 400-500. ʻO ka palupalu hina hinaʻeleʻele i nā kumulāʻau'ōmaʻomaʻo, ma luna o nā mea kahiko - me nā kalaka a me nā unahi.
ʻO nā pono ponoi, ʻano like, kahuhaha, paʻa a wili. ʻO kona kala ma nā ʻano ʻano like ʻokoʻa me ka uliuli uliuli i ka uliuli-ʻōmaʻomaʻo a me ke kala-kala. Ua hoʻopaʻa ʻia nā pono. ʻO nā pua pua, inā hiki iā ʻoe ke kāhea i nā spikelets, a hiki i 5 cm lōʻihi a me nā nui o nā stamens a me nā anthers. ʻO ka pua Cedar i ka hāʻule.
Kūleʻa nā mahina i nā lālā hoʻokahi i ka manawa, hoʻonohonoho pono ʻia, e like me nā kukui ʻaila. ʻO Ripen i ka makahiki ʻelua a ʻekolu paha a e lulu ma ka hoʻoilo, hoʻopuehu ʻia nā hua ʻai i ka makani. Ia manawa i loko o nā kūlana maikaʻi, kā lākou ulu aʻe ma hope o 20 mau lā.
ʻAʻole like nā hua Cedar e like me ka nati. He liʻiliʻi lākou, me nā ʻēheu no ka hoʻonoho hou ʻana i ka makani a inedible.
Pono ka Cedar i ka mālamalama, ʻaʻole i koi ʻia ma nā papa kiʻekiʻe a me nā ea. Hoʻonui loa lākou i ka wai kūloe. E makemake i nā lepo maikaʻi i ka lime. Ma nā puʻu mauna i haku ʻia o ka wōlau, ʻeha lākou e kūleʻa i ka chlorosis a make pinepine lākou.
ʻIke lākou i ka maikaʻi o nā wahi puʻu, akā, ma nā ʻāina momona ua ulu maikaʻi lākou i ka pale ʻāina.
Hoʻaiho
ʻO nā wahi kahi e ulu ai nā lāʻau kedera ma nā wahi āpau a me ka ʻaoʻao ʻākau o ke kahakai Mediterranean. Makemake nā lāʻau i nā wahi kuahiwi me nā ʻāpana wela a me nā ʻaina maʻemaʻe. Ua ʻike ʻia lākou ma nā pāpale o nā Himalaya, ma North West Africa, ma Lebanona, kahi o ka lāʻau kedera kekahi o nā ʻano ʻōiwi a e hōʻike ʻia ana i ka hae a me ke kaʻe o ka lima.
Ma Lūkia, ulu wale mai ka lāʻau cedara ma kahakai hema o Crimea, kahi i pōmaikaʻi ai ʻo ia a hāʻawi i nā hua kanu pilikino. Ma nā'āina'ē aʻe, loaʻa wale ia ma nā māla huaʻai a me nā mea kanu lāʻau. A ʻo kēlā lāʻau, i kapa ʻia ʻo cedera Siberian, he ʻano kūlohelohe ia o ka ʻano genus Pine a ua kapa ʻia ʻo Siberian, European or Korean pine. Me nā lāʻau kedera, ʻo kēia ʻano ʻano e hui ʻia e hoʻokahi ʻohana. Akā makemake nui nā poʻe āpau a me ka hoʻohana "pine pine" maoli loa i hāʻawi i ka pine Siberian.
Mūkini ʻo Cedar
ʻO nā hua lāʻau cedar he 4 mau ʻano:
- Atlas - Cedrus atlantica;
- conifer pōkole - Cedrus brevifolia. I kekahi mau kumu, ua ʻike ʻia kēia ʻano me ka subspecies ʻo Lebanona;
- Himalayan - Cedrus deodara;
- Lepani - Cedrus libani.
ʻO ke ʻano o nā cones o nā kedera a me nā pines he like like, no laila, no ka manawa lōʻihi ka mea i manaʻo ʻia he ʻano like nā ʻano like ʻole. Akā ua hōʻole ka noiʻi ʻepekema hou i kēia mau ʻike, a i kēia manawa ua hoʻokaʻawale ʻia nā ʻano ʻelua i ka papa.
Atlas
Ulu ka lāʻau cedar ma luna o nā kahe o nā mauna Atlas ma Algeria a me Maroko. Loaʻa ka ʻike kūlohelohe i kahi kiʻekiʻe a hiki i 2000 m ma mua o ke kai. Nani ka lāʻau, pīhoihoi. ʻO ka hapa nui loa a hiki i ka 50 m ke kiʻekiʻe, a ʻo ka lapalapa o kā lākou ala he 1.5-2 m. Ua kālele ʻia nā ʻōpala a loaʻa i kahi pua ʻōmaʻomaʻo. He lāʻau a nui a ʻala nā lāʻau, hoʻomanaʻo i ke ʻano o ka lāʻau lāʻau. Hoʻomaʻamaʻa nā ʻano Atlas i nā hue i lalo a -20 ° C a kāohi maikaʻi me ka hoʻomaloʻo.
I nā ʻāina ʻApika, i hoʻohana ʻia ka lāʻau kedera me ka wahie. Loaʻa i ka aila ka waiwai antiseptic maikaʻi a hoʻohana nui ʻia no nā hana cosmetic.
Hoʻoulu ʻia nā lāʻau cedrlas e like me kahi mea kanu i kanu ʻia ma ke kūkulu hema ʻo ʻEulopa, ma nā kuahiwi kuahiwi o Caucasus a ma nā ʻāina ʻo Āsia.
ʻO ka lāʻau bonsai, ke ulu nui nei e ulu ana ma ke ʻano he māla a i ʻole nā mea kanu i loko, he lāʻau cedar Atlas.
Himalayan
Ulu ka lāʻau Himalayan i ka hikina a me ʻAsia-hema, ma nā kahe o nā mauna Himalayan, ma Afghanistan, India, Nepal a me Pakistan. ʻIke ʻia ia ma nā kuahiwi ma kahi kiʻekiʻe a hiki i 3500 m.h ʻo ka nui o Himalayan ʻaʻole i haʻahaʻa loa i ka Atlas i ke kiʻekiʻe a he girth o ka ʻala, ke ʻano, he ʻāpana conical ʻoi aku ia. Ua like nā lālā o kahi lāʻau pākuʻu i ka lepo. He umauma ka lāʻau a he ʻala ikaika; ʻōmaʻomaʻo ia me nā ʻulaʻula ulaula. ʻO nā pāpala he palupalu, māmā, me kahi kala hina-hina.
Hoʻoulu ʻia nā ʻanoona keu ʻoi aku ma mua o hoʻokahi makahiki. Hoʻolilo nā lau, liʻiliʻi, resinous. Hoʻomaʻamaʻa nā ʻano Himalaya i ka pale ʻana i ka ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi ma mua o nā mea ʻē aʻe, ʻoiai ke kūlohelohe ʻo ia ka mea ma luna o ka lāʻau o ka nahele. Noho nā specimens pilikino i 1000 mau makahiki.
Ke ulu nui nei ka lāʻau ced Himalayan a e hoʻohana nui ʻia i nā māla ʻāina i ka ʻāina hema ma Europa a me ka Crimea.
Lādana
ʻAʻole ʻeha i ka lāʻau cedan Leban i nā poʻe ʻē aʻe i ke kiʻekiʻe a me ka mana. He lei cone ka lei o nā lāʻau ʻōpio, i nā makahiki he nui a ka ʻulaʻo. Hoʻonohonoho ʻia nā pono ma kahi hina-hina-ʻōmaʻomaʻo, ola 2 mau makahiki, pūpū ʻia.
I ka makahiki 25-28 o ka makahiki, hoʻomaka ka lāʻau. Kūpono ʻia nā huaila i kēlā me kēia mau makahiki ʻelua.
Hōʻike ʻia kēia ʻano ma o ka ulu lohi ʻana, ʻae i nā manawa pōkole a hiki i -30 ° C. E makemake maikaʻi ia i nā wahi māla maikaʻi, nā maloo maloʻo, hiki ke ulu ma luna o nā lepo maikaʻi, ʻaʻole ia e ʻae i ka nui o ka nāwaliwali.
Noi ʻia ka lāʻau Lebanona no kona mālamalama, palupalu, akā i ka manawa like ka lāʻau ʻulaʻula ikaika.
Nā ʻano o Cedar Pine
ʻOiai ke ʻano o ka ʻike ʻepekema hou loa, ʻo nā Kanene, Korea a me Siberia mau ʻano lāʻau maoli cedar kokoke wale o nā ʻohana pili, nā inoa i maʻamau i nā kānaka a pau. No ka ʻohana ʻolua ʻo Tui o ka ʻohana Cypress.
ʻEhā pine pine
ʻO ka ʻāpana Korea a ʻo Manchu cedar kahi lāʻau coniferous pine i hoʻohele ʻia ma ka hikina ʻAsia, Kina, Korea, Iapana a me ka Lūkini Luleka. He lāʻau koʻikoʻi conical ka lāʻau kiʻekiʻe a me nā aʻa pāpili. ʻO nā ʻehā nāʻulaʻula-ʻōmaʻomaʻo, lōʻihi, ulu i nā bunches o 5 mau ʻāpana.
Hoʻomouha ʻia nā mahina i hoʻokahi makahiki a me ka hapa a me ka ʻōpala i ka wā o ka hoʻoilo a i ka hoʻoilo paha. Loaʻa i kēlā me kēia cone nā huaʻai he nui. Nā huaʻai Kina i kēlā me kēia mau makahiki.
Paʻi lāʻau ʻo Siberian
ʻO ka lāʻau ʻo Siberian, a i ʻole ka lāʻau Siberia kahi lāʻau evergreen, i loko o ka nui heʻuʻuku i loa i kona hoahānau pili kaulana. Noho ʻo ia a hiki i 500-700 mau makahiki, ʻokoʻa i kahi lei ākea, pinepine ka pā a me ka lālā ākea. ʻAno nā lula, nā lōʻihi, me kahi pua ʻaʻo. Hāpai ka lāʻau i kahi ʻōnaʻo kumu ikaika ikaika, a ma luna o nā māhina ʻiliʻili māmā e hoʻomohala i nā aʻa ʻoki e komo ana i ka hohonu hohonu. Hoʻohālikelike ʻia e pale pale i nā lāʻau ceder, me ka wā ulu iki.
He kulu kāne a wahine wahine ʻo ka mea kanu. Ua pāleʻa lākou i loko o ka makahiki a me ka hapa a hāʻule i ke wā lihi. Loaʻa kēlā me kēia kone i 150 mau huaʻai. Mai kahi lāʻau hoʻokahi a hiki i 12 kg o nā paina pine. Hoʻomaka ka lāʻau keda Siberian ma hope o ka wā, ma ka awelika i ka makahiki 50-60.
ʻO nā cirrels Cedar a me nā chipmunks i komo i ka hoʻoponopono ʻana i nā lāʻau, e laha ana i nā hua kanu ma kahi lōʻihi.
ʻO nā subtleties o nā ulu lāʻau kedera
Hoʻoulu ʻo nā māla Lūkini i nā lāʻau cedar Siberia, me ka lāʻau o ka lāʻau kedera. ʻAʻohe mea e hōʻaiho i ka nani Siberian fluffy me nā ʻono ʻono a me nā mea kanu hōʻola i kā lākou pūnaewele, a no nā waiwai haʻahaʻa aiai nā ʻano liʻiliʻi e hāpai ʻole i nā wahi nui. Aʻo mākou e pehea e ulu ai i nā lāʻau cedar ma ke kūʻai ʻana i kahi hua kanu i loko o kahi mea mālama lāʻau.
Ke koho i kahi, pono e hoʻomaopopo i ka makahiki, ʻoi aku ka nui o ka lāʻau i ka lā i ka ulu ʻana o ka lā, no laila e koho ʻoe i kahi kahi me ka maka ʻole. Inā hiki, kūʻai ʻia nā hua lāʻau cedar me kahi ʻōnaehana paʻa. ʻOi aku ka maikaʻi o ka lawe ʻana i nā mea kanu ʻole i ka manawa a ka wā i maloʻo ai, no laila ua ʻōlelo ʻia e koho i kahi huaāleʻa i kāʻili wale ʻia. Pono ka ʻōpū o ka ʻeleʻele e emi iho ma lalo o ka hapalua mika ka lōʻihi a hoʻopili ʻia me kahi kāwele me ka ʻeke ʻeke.
Pehea e kanu ai i kahi hua penia cedar
Ma mua o ke kanu ʻana, pono e eli i ka ʻāpana holoʻokoʻa o ka māla kahi i hoʻolālā ai e kanu i nā hua kanu. Hoʻomāna iki nā lua kūpono i kahi ʻona lepo. Pono ka mamao o ka lua o ka liʻiliʻi o 8 m. Ua kanu koke ʻia nā lāʻau keda i nā ʻōpala māmā, a ua hoʻohui ʻia ke one a me nā lepo i nā kumu lāʻau ʻoi aku ka nui.
Ma ka haʻahaʻa o ka lua, ua lūlū ʻia kahi liʻiliʻi a waiho ʻia kahi seedling, e hoʻolaha ana i nā aʻa. ʻAʻole ʻokoʻa nā aʻa ʻili ma lalo o ka lepo. Inā hana like kēia mau mea a pau, lawe ʻia ka mea kanu a ninini i kahi honua iki. A laila, eli kahi mākia kokoke i ka lāʻau a ua ninini ʻia ka lepo ma luna o ka lua, me ka hoʻokaʻawale ʻana. Hoʻomoʻu nui ʻia ka lua kanu, ʻike ʻia ka honua i loko o ka ʻōpala o ka ʻōpala me ka ʻōpala coniferous, sawdust a i ʻole ka ʻā ua haki.
I loko o ʻelua mau pule, ʻoiai e ulu a huʻa, ua hoʻōla ʻia ma hope o 2-3 mau lā, inā ʻaʻohe ua.
Ke ulu mākou i ka lāʻau kedera mai kahi papa
Inā ʻaʻole hiki iā ʻoe ke loaʻa i kahi ʻano kanu ma ka mea kanu lāʻau, a ʻo nā kinala ʻōpala lau ma loko o kahi pākuʻu e manaʻo i kekahi manaʻo, e hoʻokaʻawale e koho i nā mea nui loa me kahi pūpoki āpau - e hoʻāʻo mākou e ulu i nā lāʻau kedera mai nā hua ma ka home. ʻAʻole maʻalahi ke ʻano o ke kaʻina o nā pīpī.
- kau ʻia nā huaʻa i loko o ka wai a mālama ʻia no nā lā 3, e hoʻololi pinepine ʻia;
- Lawe ʻia nā huaʻai pop-up, a mālama ʻia ke koena i mau hola i loko o kahi poloka ʻeleʻele o ka potassium permanganate;
- ua hoʻonoho ʻia nā hua kanu disfectate i loko o kahi lepo nāwele a hoʻopili ʻia ma kahi o 3 mau mahina;
- alaila hoʻohui ʻia nā huaʻala i ka potassium permanganate no kahi lā a maloʻo;
- lulu ʻia i loko o ka pā palu (ʻōmaʻomaʻo a i ʻole ʻolua kiʻi paha) i ka ʻāina mākaukau, nona ka mau ʻāpana he 20, mau ʻāpana o ka lehu a me 1 ʻāpana o ka superphosphate a hohonu i ka 2-3 cm;
- ma mua o ka puka ʻana mai, e hoka ʻia nā ʻōpala.
I nā ʻāina paʻa, ulu a nā hua kanu no 2 mau makahiki. Ma hope o kēlā, neʻe ʻia ka wahi pale. ʻEkaukau nā lāʻau ʻōpio 6-8 no ke neʻe ʻana i kahi paʻa mau.
ʻO ka mālama ʻana i ke kedona Siberian opio i ka hoʻokaʻawale maʻamau, ka ʻoka ʻana o ka ʻōpala i nā ʻōpala, ka ʻana o ka maka ma ka heʻe ʻana o ka mulch a me ka hoʻopili ʻana i nā pākala potassium ʻekolu mau manawa i kahi manawa. No ka hana ʻana i kēia, he 20 g ʻo ka pālea pāpaona i piha ʻia i loko o kahi pākaha wai a inu i kēlā me kēia lāʻau.
Hoʻohana kaulana nā ʻano ʻelua o nā lāʻau kedera ma waena o ka poʻe māla - "Recordist" a me "Icarus". He nani kā nā mea ʻelua, hoʻopili ʻia ka nui, kūleʻa a hua nui.
ʻO Cedar, kahi i ulu ʻia mai kahi mākia, e lilo ia i mea nui ke aloha lāʻau ma ka pūnaewele. Aia a hiki iā ia ke ulu, a ma kona pūlohi a hiki ai i ka hoʻomaha, hāʻawi i kahi mau minamina maikaʻi, e lawe mai i ka hōʻoluʻolu a me ka hoʻomaha i ka lewa me kahi ʻono resinous maikaʻi.
