I kēia mau lā, loaʻa i nā mea kanu i nā ʻano ʻāpana liʻiliʻi ʻole a me nā hua mua paha. ʻAʻole ia he mea kupanaha he makemake paha nā mea nona nā ʻāpana pā hale iā Plum Peach, ka wehewehe like ʻana o nā ʻano like, kiʻi o ka mea kanu a me nā hua, me nā ʻano o nā mea kanu.
ʻO ka mea mua, ua ʻoluʻolu kēia ʻano o ka plem homemade me nā hua nui o ka hue meli me kahi pua nani ʻulaʻula. ʻO ka helehelena maoli ʻaʻole i koho mua i ka inoa o nā ʻano like ʻole, akā ua hoʻolōʻihi ʻia hoʻi i ka kuhi hewa ʻole. Nui ka poʻe hewahewa e manaʻoʻiʻo he mea kanu ka mea kanu o ka peach a me ka plum.
Hāʻawi ka hua maʻa iā ia iho i ke kupapaʻu interspecific, e hāʻawi ana i nā hua hua i hoʻokahi a i ʻole kekahi o nā ʻano o nā mākua. Eia nō naʻe, ʻano like ka peach plum me kahi hua kūleʻa hema, e like me ka hōʻike ʻana a me nā kiʻi kikoʻī o nā mea kanu.
Peach Plum Mahele
ʻOiai ke ʻano hiʻohiʻona nani, nā ʻano ʻono maikaʻi loa a me nā hua nui, ʻaʻole hiki i ka lāʻau ke pili i nā mea hou. ʻO ka manawa mua, ua wehewehe ke ʻano he peum plum i 1830. A hiki i kēia lā, ʻaʻole i loaʻa kahi i ulu ʻia nā hua mua, ʻaʻole hoʻi i hoʻohana ʻia nā ʻano like ʻole no ka hoʻoulu ʻana. Hōʻike ia mea ka moʻomeheu mai ka Western European mai a ʻoi aku paha ma mua o hoʻokahi haneli i kapa ʻia ʻo Red Nectarine a i ʻole ko Royal Rouge ʻano.
Ke neʻe nei ʻoi aku ka holomua ma mua o kēia ʻano. Eia nō naʻe, i nā wā Soviet, ua ʻōlelo ʻia nā ʻano like ʻole e kanu i nā ʻāina hema, i komo pū me nā republics o Transcaucasia a me nā North Caucasus, Moldova, ʻokoʻa ʻo Ukraine, a me ka Kuban a me Stavropol Territory. I ka ʻākau, no ka paʻakikī o ka hoʻoilo haʻahaʻa, ua maloʻo nā mea kanu, ʻaʻole i hāʻawi i ka hōʻiliʻili i makemake ʻia.
Kumuhana i nā lula o ke kanu ʻana a mālama pono i ka pala, Peach i nā lāʻau ākea a i ʻole nā lāʻau ākea maikaʻi me kahi lei maikaʻi o ka momona ma waena. Hoʻokomo ʻia nā hua liʻiliʻi, me nā mea kanu mua, ke hōʻike nei ke kiʻekiʻe nui o ka ulu ʻana, e emi ana i ka makahiki o 5-7 mau makahiki. ʻO kēia manawa manawa i puka mua aku ai ka ovary mua ma nā lālā pihi.
I ka mua, hoʻohua nā lāʻau hua i ka hua ʻole, akā, e hoʻolōʻihi ʻia nā hōʻailona a hoʻonui. I ke makahiki he 15, e hoʻolako i kahi pūpiki i mua a hiki i ka 50 kg o ka ulu pinepine ʻana, i aneane hāʻule ʻole nā hua. Mamuli o ka apana a me ka hana o ka wā, ua hōʻiliʻili ʻia nā hua mai ka lua o ka mahina o Iulai a hiki i ka makahiki he ʻelua o ʻAukake.
Ma ka hoʻopiʻi ʻana e ke kiʻi o Peach plum, nui ka lau oval i mea kanu me nā ʻala kuhi, ʻaʻole anane ka ʻike. ʻO ka papa lau, ʻaʻole e like me ka peach, nectarine a me ka apricot, he pubescent iki, e like me nā wana ʻōpio o kēia makahiki, ʻo ia hoʻi kekahi pahu pīkī pōkole ka mea e paʻa ai ka pākiki. Kuhi ʻia nā kihi o ka ʻaoʻao.
E like me ka wehewehe ʻana o nā ʻano like a me nā kiʻi o ka plik Persikova, nui kona mau ʻāpana poʻohiwi a ovoid-oval paha i loko o ka piko. I ka awelika, ʻo ka paona o hoʻokahi plum me ka ili ikaika ikaika, kahi i loaʻa ai kahi Seam inconspicuous, he 45-50 gram. Eia naʻe, ʻaʻole maʻamau ia no ka nui o ka pūpū e hōʻea i 70 mau minuke i nā makahiki mahana a me ka ʻai.
Kūpaʻa ka ʻāpana o ka plum i nā kūlana ʻōhua. ʻO ka meli nui o ka ʻili i uhi ʻia me ka pehu waxy ʻulaʻulaʻulaʻula. Akā, inā lawa ka hua i ka lā, ua ʻōlaʻi ʻia kahi puaʻulaʻula-ʻulaʻula ma kona ʻaoʻao, i hiki iā ia ke uhi i ka puni holoʻokoʻa.
ʻO nā pāpale momona, mākaukau nui ke kīleʻamaʻa he elastic, ka momona o kahi hue gula maikaʻi. Ua liʻiliʻi ka pōhaku, a hoʻokaʻawale ʻia, maʻalahi ka hoʻokaʻawale ʻia, ka mea, i hui pū ʻia me ka ʻono maikaʻi, e ʻōlelo i ka waiwai o nā ʻano. Hiki i ka paʻi momona a me nā momona ʻōmaʻomaʻo ke kūleʻa maikaʻi a me nā mea hoʻonaninani no ka hana jam, jam, compotes a me nā huahana kulina.
Ma muli o ka ʻili palalolo a me ka huhū nui, nā plums o ka ʻano ʻo Peach e halihali ʻia a mālama ʻia no kahi manawa pōkole. ʻO kahi wale nō o ka moʻomeheu, ʻo ia ka mea hoʻolōʻihi i ka hoʻoilo, ʻaʻole ia e ʻae i ka ulu ʻana me ka ʻole i ka palena ʻoiai ma ka Central Black Earth Region.
Plum Peach Michurin
ʻIke maopopo, ʻike ʻike e pili ana i ka plum ma ka hema o ka rumi e makemake ai e loaʻa kahi ʻano anuanu ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi, i ka makahiki 1904 I. Ua kuhi ʻo Michurin e pili ana i ka hana ʻana i kahi ʻano like ʻole o kona koho ponoʻī. ʻO ke kumu, ua lawe ka ʻepekema i kahi ʻāpana polum keʻokeʻo i lawe ʻia mai ka pāʻai ʻo Reshetnikov Samara. Ke ulu maikaʻi nei ka hua kanu, ua pena pū ʻia ia me nā ʻōiwi ʻAmelika. ʻO ka mea kanu, i kapa ʻia ʻo Michurin's Peach Plum, i hānai mua ia i ka makahiki 1921.
ʻO nā hua hua o kēia moʻomeheu he ʻano poepoe a he ʻano hilo paha. Ma kahi kaila melemele me kahi lau maloʻo kūwaho e hiki iā ʻoe ke hoʻomaopopo:
- papau;
- kahe waʻa pōpoki, hikiwawe ka wā i hāʻule ai ka plum i ka lima a i ʻole ke hoʻopili ʻia me nā hua ʻē aʻe;
- kahi pua ʻāpoʻomaʻo maikaʻi o kahi hue ʻulaʻula, i emi ke ʻano o ka plach like Peach.
ʻO ka paona o nā plums hōʻino he 35-45 kahe. Ma lalo o ka ʻili pāoʻi e waiho ana i kahi paila momona me nā kūnō 11% a me nā hapa waʻa he nui, hoʻāʻo maikaʻi. ʻO ka kumu, hoʻohana ʻia nā hua hou i meaʻai no ka meaʻai, akā hiki ke lilo i mea lako maikaʻi loa no ka hana ʻana i nā kī māua a me ka mālama ʻana i nā hua.
Hoʻohālikelike ʻia me ka congener ma ke kūkulu hema, he haʻahaʻa ka liʻiliʻi o ka moliki o Michurinsky. Mai kekahi mākeke pakeke me ka lei lei a me ke kiʻekiʻe a hiki i ka 3-4 mau mika, hiki iā ʻoe ke hōʻiliʻili a hiki i 15 kg o nā hua ʻono momona. I kēia hihia, e hoʻomaka ana ka wā hua ma 1-2 mau makahiki ma hope aku, ʻaʻole ke ohi i ke Iulai, akā ʻo ʻAukake a me ka hoʻomaka o Sepatemaba.
ʻOiai nā wīwī o ka wai o ka wai o nā kahawai, Peach Michurina ʻoi aku ka paʻakikī i ka hoʻoilo a hiki ke hoʻomōhū i nā hua i ka ʻāina Voronezh, Kursk, Belgorod a i ka hema. Aia ma kahi ʻākau, no ka laʻana ʻo Tambov, ʻaʻole pinepine nā ʻōpio ʻōpio i waho a hoʻokaʻawale i waho, kahi e hōʻemi ana i ka hopena a nīnau i ka hiki ʻana o nā ʻano ulu.
ʻO nā hiʻohiʻona e mālama a mālama i ka peach plum
E like me nā hua pōhaku āpau, pono nā plums i mālama pono, e hoʻomaka ana me kahi koho o kahi kahi e kanu ai.
No ka wikiwiki wikiwiki a me ka ulu maikaʻi, loaʻa iā lākou ka lā, kahi i uhi ʻia mai ka wahi o ka makani me ka lepo momona maikaʻi. Pono e noʻonoʻo i ka mea kanu i pili pono i ka irika, ʻaʻole lākou e ʻae i ka kokoke o ka wai.
Eia naʻe, ʻo kahi ākea nui loa o kēia hua ʻai, ʻo kona pale haʻahaʻa loa i ka anu. Mai ka momona, ʻo ka mea mua, ʻeha nā ʻōpio ʻōpio, kahi e uhi ʻia no ka hoʻoilo. Maikaʻi inā he lāʻau maoli ka pale mai ka hau, no ka laʻana, he pā hale kūkulu ʻana, he pā a he pā paha. Kika kekahi kiʻi o ka peach plum a me ka wehewehe ʻana o nā ʻano like ʻole i kūkulu ʻia ka ovary ma nā lālā palau liʻiliʻi. Inā kanu maikaʻi ka mea kanu, i ka pūnāwai e leʻaleʻa ia me ka pua ola.
Akā, mai kali i ka hōʻiliʻili nui, inā ʻaʻole ʻoe e mālama i mua o nā mea kanu mea hiki ke pollinate i kēia mau lāʻau. I waena o nā mea hoʻohālikelike o nā plums o nā ʻano Peach, like me nā ʻano like ʻole o Renklod a me Vengerki e ulu pū ana me ia, ʻo ia hoʻi ʻo ka Ana Shpet a me Mirabel Nancy ʻano, hiki ke noʻonoʻo ʻia. Pono kahi kokoke i nā kumulāʻau e komo i nā pi, e lawe ana i ka hae mai kekahi mea kanu i kekahi.
