I nā lā mua o ke ola, ʻoi aku ka bipi i nā maʻi āpau, ʻoiai me kona koko i ka liʻiliʻi o nā kino pale e hiki ai ke hoʻopau i nā maʻi a me nā pōʻino. No laila, e kau pono ana i ka maikaʻi o ka mālama a me ka hānai ʻana i nā keiki keiki a hiki i 3 mau mahina, pehea e wikiwiki ai a olakino lākou. Mālama ʻia lākou i nā aniani maʻemaʻe, maloʻo a hoʻohuihui hoʻi, akā me ka hana ʻole mau. Pono ka meaʻai o ka waiʻai i ka nui o ka protein, nā huaora a me nā minela.
Pono ka ʻai momona o ka poʻe keiki hou i ka nui o ka ʻona a maʻalahi i ʻeliʻuku ʻia.
Kauhau
Ma hope o ka hānau ʻana o ke keiki bipi, pono ia e hānai iā ia i ka colostrum no ka hapalua hola a i hoʻokahi hola paha. Ma muli o kēia, e hoʻoneʻe ʻia ka hopena o nā maʻi e ka 70%, ʻoiai ʻo ka waiū mua ma hope o ka hānau ʻana e loaʻa ana ka koina nui o nā protein, nā mea kalaiʻe, nā momona, nā miner a me nā huaora, a me nā globulins immune a me nā antibodies. ʻAʻole e like me ka waiū maʻamau, ʻo ka colostrum i 2 mau manawa ikaika hou, no laila he mea kiʻekiʻe ka waiwai.
Ke hānai ʻana i nā bipi me ka colostrum ma muli o ka nui o ka paʻakai paʻakai a me ka nui o ka wai nolo i loko ona, hoʻomaʻemaʻe ʻia nā ʻāpana o ka meconium (feces mua).
Inā ʻaʻole ʻoe e hānai i ke keiki bipi i loko o hoʻokahi hola ma hope o ka hānau ʻana, a laila e hoʻomaka ka huki i nā mea e kokoke ana. Ma muli o ka mea e hiki ai iā ia ke maʻi me nā maʻi pilikia, kahi e alakaʻi ai i ka make o ka holoholona.
Hoʻonohonoho ʻia ka hapa mua mai ia mai 4 a 6% o ka nui o ka paona bipi. Akā ʻaʻoleʻoi aku ma mua o 20% i kēlā me kēia lā, a me 24% i nā lā aʻe. ʻAʻole hāʻawi ʻia nā colostrum e like me kēia e hoʻonāukiuki i ka ʻōpū o ka ʻōpū. Inā nāwaliwali ka bipi keiki, a laila ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi ma ka mea kūʻai aku ma nā wahi liʻiliʻi (0.5-0.7 L), akā pinepine aʻe - i 6 mau manawa i ka lā. ʻO kahi maʻamau maʻamau o kēlā me kēia lā ka hānai 8 mau.
Pono ka mahana o ka colostrum a + 37 ° C. ʻO ka waiū maloʻo e hoʻoulu ai i kahi pīpī huhū.
I ke kanakolu o nā makahiki o ke kūleʻa ʻana, e hōʻike ʻia nā keiki bipi e hānai ʻia mai nā mea inu nipple.
Hiki iā ʻoe ke inu ma ke ala kuhi. Loaʻa ia ia nā pono:
- hele mai ka waiū i loko o nā wahi liʻiliʻi, he mea nui loa ia i ka wā e ulu ai nā keiki bipi me kahi ʻōpū ʻaʻole i ulu piha;
- maemae ka ai a me ka paina, a io mai la, ua maikai ia i ka maikai;
- ka piʻi pae o ka immunoglobulins;
- ka hoʻemi nui ʻana i ka maʻi o ka maʻi;
- hoʻonui ʻia ke kaumaha e 30%.
Hiki ke hānai me ke ala minamina a hiki i ka 5 lā.
Ma mua o ka hānai ʻana i ka bipi keiki ma kēia ala, pono ʻoe e hoʻomaʻemaʻe pono i ka umu o ka pipi.
He aha ka mea inā ʻaʻohe kolostrum
Inā ʻaʻohe colostrum a iʻoi aku ka nui o ka maʻi o ka maʻi i ka wā e hānai ai, a laila e hānai ʻia ke keiki bipi me ka waiū like mai ka bipi ʻē aʻe a hana ʻoe iā ʻoe iho. No kēia, 15 ml o ka aila i hoʻopaʻa ʻia, 5 mau paʻakai o ka paʻakai a me 3 mau hua hou e hoʻohui ʻia ai i ka 1 lita o ka waiū hou i lawe ʻia mai kahi bipi kahu hānai. Hoʻohui maikaʻi ʻia nā mea a pau a hiki i ke ʻano. Hāʻawi ʻia ka bipi keiki hānau maoli i 1 lita o ka pānaʻi ʻana, a no ka ʻai aʻe e hoʻoheheʻe ʻia me ka wai i hoʻolapalapa ʻia e 50%.
Hānau ʻia nā keiki pēpē i kēlā me kēia hola 3-5 i 4-5 mau manawa i ka lā. I ka manawa like, ʻo ka manawa o ka manawa ma hope o ka waiū ʻana i ka pipi a me ka hānai ʻana e liʻiliʻi he mea liʻiliʻi loa, no ka mea, i kēlā me kēia hola he mau manawa e kū hou aʻe ai i ka waiū e kālai ana i ka hoʻoneʻe ʻana.
Ke pono ʻoe e hoʻomaʻamaʻa i ka wai a me nā meaʻai ʻē aʻe
Ma hope o 3 mau lā mai ka wā hānau, hoʻomaka ka bipi keiki e hāʻawi i ka wai. No ka hānai ʻana i nā keiki bipi a hiki i 3 mau makahiki a ʻoi aku ka mea e pono ai ʻoe e hoʻohana i nā wai maʻemaʻe a me nā wai hou mai + 20 ° C a + 25 ° C, a no nā pēpē hou e hoʻolapalapa a hiki i nā hebedoma ʻelua, me ke ʻano o + 35 ° C a + 37 ° C. Hoʻonui nui ia i ka hoʻokaʻina ʻana o ka hānai a me ka helu hāhai. Ma kahi o ka wai, hiki iā ʻoe ke hoʻohana i nā infusion like ʻole, no ka laʻana, coniferous, hay, a mai nā lāʻau lapaʻau ʻē aʻe. Hoʻomaikaʻi lākou i ka momona, a ma kēia e hoʻoikaika ai i ka ulu ʻana o ka holoholona.
I nā 2 mau pule mua o ke ola, hānai nā keiki bipi 1 lōlani me kahi mea inu nipple, hoʻokahi a me ka hapalua a 2 paha mau hola ma hope o ka ʻai. Hāʻawi nā holoholona kahiko i ka 1 a 2 mau lita i kahi pāo. Hāʻawi ʻia ka waiū o ka makuahine i nā keiki bipi a i ʻelua mau makahiki o ka makahiki. Eia hou, i ʻelua mau pule aʻe, ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o ka hānai ʻana i ka waiū mai nā bipi āpau me ka waiū skim, ʻoiai kekahi manawa e hāʻawi ʻia kekahi mea ʻai, no ka laʻana, hoʻohuli a i ʻole hou pipi wai.
Pono e holo pono ka huli ʻana i kekahi ʻano o ka hānai e like me ke ʻano ʻana o ka holoholona i kahi huhū.
Hiki ke hānai i nā keiki hou i ka wai. No ka hana ʻana i kēia, e pili ana i ka 1-40 lita o ka waiū skim i kēlā me kēia 1 lita o ka wai momona. Ma mua o ka hānai ʻana hiki ke kū i ka hapa o ka lā. No ka hānai ʻana i nā bipi keiki no ka ʻai i ka home, nui ka hānai waiū i hāʻawi ʻia, no ka mea ke kōkua nei lākou i ka hoʻopiʻi ʻana a me ka ulu ʻana o ka nui o ka ʻiʻo.
Kahiki
Ke kokoke loa i kahi hebedoma, e hoʻomaka ʻia nā keiki bipi e aʻo e ʻai i ka mauʻu, me ka mea e kōkua ai i ka hoʻomohala ʻana o ka hana kūwili ʻana, me ka hoʻoikaika ʻana o nā mau masticatory. ʻE maemae wale nō ʻo Hay, he hou, akā maloʻo naʻe, me nā lau liʻiliʻi a me nā lau. ʻO ia ka mea e ʻauha mua i ka bipi keiki a ʻai ʻana.
ʻOiai i hoʻokuʻu ʻia ʻo Hay i loko o kahi hale paʻahao ma luna o kahi kiʻekiʻe ma mua o ke kua o ke keiki bipi, ma kahi o 10 cm, a e waiho wale ʻia i kahi hānai. ʻOi aku ke ʻano o ka hoʻomake ʻana o ka hānai ʻana, no ka mea i kēia hihia e hūʻī ʻia ke keiki bipi mai ka hoʻomaka ʻana o nā mea a puni. Hoʻonui nui, ʻoi ka ʻāpana, a hiki i ka 1.5 kg o ka mauʻu ka mea e pono ai e hānai i nā keiki a hiki i 3 mau mahina.
Hoʻopili, hoʻoulu ʻia a me nā lako hoʻohui
Hāʻawi ʻia kahi mea momona i nā keiki bipi a i hiki i ʻelua mau makahiki o ka makahiki. ʻO nā maʻamau maʻamau e ʻohi ʻia i ka oatmeal, e maʻalahi e ʻeli ʻia. A i ʻole e loaʻa iā lākou ka moho starter, i hoʻohālikelike ʻia me ka oatmeal, ua loaʻa nā mea āpau, nā minerala a me nā mea pono ʻē aʻe e pono ai no ka ulu ola kino. Hiki iā ʻoe ke hana i kahi hui pū me ka lima ponoʻī. ʻO ke kumu e lilo i nā oats, palaoa, palaoa a me ka palaoa tart. Hoʻohui pū kekahi i ka pāʻina sunflower, iʻa iʻa, fodder yeast, palaoa kauʻau, paʻakai, kōleo, ka phosphates a me nā huaora.
Hāʻawi ʻia ka paʻakai a me ka ʻōpio i nā keiki bipi i hiki i ka makahiki he ʻekolu mau makahiki. I ka malama mua o ke ola, hiki nō iā ʻoe ke hānai i nā pua a pau o ka oats a i ʻole bale. Mahalo i kēia, ʻoi aku ka ulu ʻana o nā ʻōpū a me nā ʻōpū o ka neʻe ʻana. E poina e pili ana i ka mea hoʻolala i ka wai. Hiki iā lākou ke hāʻawi ʻia i nā keiki bipi me nā makahiki he ʻekolu. Kīpaʻa ʻia (ʻāpala mashed), kāwili ʻia i kālai ʻia i ka waiū, a 4-pule mau makahiki ke hoʻomaka ʻoe e hana i nā beets fodder.
I ka mālama ʻana a me ka hānai ʻana i nā keiki bipi, pono ʻoe e hahai i nā lula o ka hoʻomaʻemaʻe a me ka maʻemaʻe. Ma hope o kēlā me kēia hānai, holoi holoi nā ipu i ka wai a hoʻolapalapa ʻia me ka wai kohua. E hōʻemi kēia i ka hopena o nā maʻi ʻeha.
ʻO ka nui o nā maʻi e loaʻa ma muli o ka nele o nā huaora, no laila e pono mau i ka hāʻawi ʻana i nā keiki a ka momona calves. ʻO ka mea nui, ma mua o ka hoʻohui ʻana iā lākou i ka hānai, e noʻonoʻo pono i nā ʻōkuhi a nānā i nā hana i hōʻike ʻia. Hoʻomaka mai 1 mahina, hiki iā ʻoe ke hānai i nā holoholona me Felucen no nā keiki bipi. Kuhi ʻia kēia ikehu i ke ʻano he mau granule, aia nā waikika amino, nā minelala, a me kahi paʻakikī o nā huaora, a me nā momona a me nā calcium.
Ke hoʻohana ʻia ʻana o ka mea ʻai huaola, ʻaʻohe hihia e hāʻawi ʻia.
Hoʻolālā ka waiū waiū a me ka pauna waiū
Kuhi ʻia nā mea ʻai momona i nā bipi keiki a hiki i ka ʻumi o nā makahiki. ʻO 1 kg o kahi mea hou no ka waiū piha e hiki ke hoʻololi i 9,5 kg o nā maʻamau. Hoʻopili ʻia ʻo ZCM no nā keiki bipi e like me nā ʻōlelo a ka mea hana hana, akā ʻo ka manawa pinepine ia e koi ai i ka 8.5 lita o ka wai no 1 kg o ka pauna. ʻO ia kekahi o ka hui pūpū o ka waiū skim, hua palaoa, whey a me ka buttermilk, a loaʻa nō hoʻi i kahi lāʻau no ka indigestion. Ke hānai i ka mea hoʻohālike i ka waiū, ʻaʻole i ka hopena o ka lawe ʻana i nā maʻi i ka bipi keiki mai ka makuahine. Eia kekahi, ʻo nā mea pili i loaʻa ka nui o nā huaora ma mua o ka waiū piha.
ʻO ka pauma waiū no nā keiki keiki wale nō me nā mea hoʻohālike waiū. Hana ia mai ka waiū piha ma ka hoʻomaloʻo. Aia kekahi hewahele: ʻelua-momona a ʻokoʻa. ʻO nā ʻokoʻa nui ma waena o lākou he mau ʻāpana like a me kā lākou kumu. He ola lōʻihi ka ʻelua o nā ʻano ʻelua. Ma mua o kou hoʻomau ʻana i ka pauna waiū no nā bipi keiki, pono ʻoe e helu i ka ʻāpana. Pono ia he 4,5% o ka nui o ka nui o ka holoholona. ʻO kekahi ʻano maikaʻi maikaʻi o ka waiū pauma me ka loli ʻole o kona loli ʻana ma mua o ka waiū maʻamau (e like me ka manawa o ka makahiki). Pēlā nō, ʻaʻole ia e ʻae i nā maʻi lēʻeha. Eia kekahi, ʻo ka hānai ʻana i nā bipi me ka waiū kuhi hou pono ka ʻoi aku ʻoi ma mua o ka waiū piha.
