ʻO ka huahana, ka momona o nā huaʻai a me kā lākou nui i hilinaʻi pololei i nā lau olakino. Ka nānā ʻole, manu, ka maʻi o nā mea make a me nā mea inikua o nā pears ma nā lau - pono ia e hoʻopau i ka maʻi. ʻO ka maʻamau, kokoke i ka mālama pale ʻana o ka māla i ka holo piha ʻana, me ke ʻano hoʻokahi e pale ai lākou i ka maʻi o kekahi. Hiki i ka māla ke pale i ka loaʻa ʻana o ka maʻi, a hiki ke hoʻomaka i ka hakakā ʻana inā ua luku ʻia ka maʻi i ka hua.
ʻO nā hōʻailona o ka maʻi
I ka wā nui, ʻo kahi melemele, ke ʻuli ʻana, a i ʻole ʻeleʻele paha o ka lau a i ʻole ka lālā paha e lilo i kahi harbinger o ka maʻi pā. ʻOiai ke mālama pale ʻana, i kēlā me kēia manawa, hiki ke hōʻike ʻia kahi maʻi a i ʻole ka pepeke mai ka perimeter o waho o ka māla. E ʻike kahi hale mālama lāʻau me kahi huakaʻi i kēlā me kēia lā i nā pears ma nā lau o ka pūpū. ʻO nā maʻi lau ʻili ma nā ʻano like ʻole:
- nāwaliwali ka lāʻau i ka hōʻiliʻili nui; i ka hoʻoilo ua loaʻa iā ia ka ʻeha a me ka pōʻino paha;
- ua loaʻa i ka mālamalama nā maʻi ʻoi loa o nā lau - ʻāwili, pale ʻana i ka maʻi bakuna, ʻūpū;
- ua hoʻouka ka pōpoki i ka mea kanu.
ʻO ka maʻi āpau, ʻike ʻia ka lau. ʻO nā maʻi e hoʻohemo iā lākou, ʻeleʻele, maloʻo. E hoʻopōʻino nā mea inati i ka lau o ka lau, a ʻike maopopo ʻia kēia. Hiki i nā pale o nā ʻōmole ma nā lau ke wāwahi i nā ovaries, hōʻino i nā hua. Kahi nā lau i ka photosynthesis - ke hoʻokumu ʻana o chlorophyll i ka lā. Ua hana hou ʻia ia i loko o nā mea kanu. Nā lau liʻiliʻi - ua pōloli ka mea kanu.
Nā maʻi ʻokoʻa
ʻO ka lau o ka lau, kona ʻula a me nā ʻano ka hoʻololi i lalo o ka mana o nā huakini o nā maʻi a me nā pua. I mea e hoʻoneʻe ai i ka spore a i ʻole ka bacterium ke kiʻi mai, makemake ʻia nā kūlana e pono ai - e nānā i nā ʻōpala, hoʻokaʻawale, wela. Hoʻomoʻa maʻalahi ka maʻi i kahi lāʻau palupalu a palupalu paha.
ʻO ka mea kīwaha kūmole o kēia manawa kahi mea pale e waiho ʻia ai. Mālama ia i nā māla me ka uila uila, i ka mua ma nā lau ke nānā ʻia, a puhi ʻia e ka lā. ʻO kēia maʻi ka mea pinepine ka kumu i ke kumu o ka lau o kahi pia i ʻoli a me nā curl. Ua lawe ʻia ʻia ka maʻi mai Iapana a me ʻAmelika. He liʻiliʻi iki kona hopena ma nā lāʻau lapaʻau maʻamau. ʻO ka hopena me ka antibiotics - kahi pūpū tetracycline. No ka hoʻouluʻana i nā kīʻaha, ua hoʻomākaukau ʻia ka hoʻonā ʻana ma ka pālahalaha o 2 papa i pākaha wai. Akā ua ʻoki ʻia nā lālā me nā pōʻino poʻokela, a ua mālama ʻia ka lāʻau ākea me ka hoʻonā ʻana o nā papa papa 2 i 100 g o ka wai. Ua uhi ʻia ka wahi i ʻoki ʻia me ka māla var.
Me ka hoʻomalaha ikaika o ka maʻi ma ka lāʻau hoʻokahi, pono e luku ʻia a hoʻopau ʻia.
ʻO ka pilikia ʻē aʻe ma nā lau pir kaʻu. ʻO kahi maʻi maʻi e ulu nei ma ka juniper, a laila halihali ʻia nā pua i kahi lōʻihi e ka makani, hoʻopili ʻia i nā ʻano lāʻau he nui. ʻO nā hōʻailona hōʻailona mua o ka hiʻohiʻona o nā pala melemele liʻiliʻi ma kahi lau ʻōpio. Kūpono lākou. Inā ʻaʻole i hoʻomaʻamaʻa ʻia, hele ka maʻi i loko, pili i ka lau, a kū mai nā pupuhi ma ka ʻaoʻao. Holo lākou, a kuʻi nā ʻūhā i kahi ʻāpana nui o ka ʻohi pā. Hoʻoulu ka lau i ka waena o ke kauwela, ʻaʻole ulu ka mau pua, kahiʻano o kahi lāʻau lāʻau.
Me nā hiʻohiʻona o nā meli melemele mua i ka lau, pono e ʻike i ka mea o ka rust a ma ka mea e mālama ai. Nui paʻa ka maʻi, mālama ʻia no nā makahiki. Pākuʻi ʻia nā hana maikaʻi i ka mālama ʻana i ka lāʻau me nā fungicides 3 mau manawa i kēlā me kēia manawa - ma mua o ka puka ʻana o nā lau, ma hope o ka pua ʻana, a ma hope o 2 mau pule. I ka wā e kū mai ai ka lepo, mālama ʻia ka mea kanu i ka 6 mau manawa i ka manawa. Hoʻopili ʻia nā fungicides Kuproksat, Poliram, coluridal sulfur, Speed ke hoʻohana ʻia.
Aia kekahi ʻano like o nā kime e kū ʻole ai i ka puʻu:
- nā ʻaila kauwela - Chizhovskaya, Skorospelka, Ilyinka a me nā mea ʻē aʻe;
- ʻApana - Bere, Bosk, Borovinka ʻulaʻula;
- maʻi maloʻo ʻole - Nika, Bere, Yakovlevskaya.
Pōʻōnaʻi Pōmaʻomaʻo
Hiki i nā pepeke ke hoʻomake i nā pōʻino i emi ʻole ka pōʻino, waiho me ka wā ʻole, luku a lāʻau lāʻau. Mai ka wā ulu mua, noho ʻia nā ʻōpio ʻōpio o nā kumu lāʻau e nā aphids. ʻIke ʻia mai ka ʻōpala a i ʻole ka honua me ka hiki ʻana mai o ka wela, piʻi ʻo ia i nā lālā a hoʻomaka ka hatch. I ka wā e ulu a ulu ai nā lau ʻōpiopio, koloni nā kihi iā lākou.
Mai nā aphids ma nā kumulāʻau a me ke kumulāʻau, hoʻohana ʻia nā hopena o nā iwi. A hiki i ka hoʻomoʻi ʻana i ka lau, hiki ke holoi ʻia ka ʻikepili me ka wai anuanu mai ka wai aku. ʻO ka pīpī me ka infusion o ke kāleka, celandine, dandelion, kōkua ka umika. Akā ma hope mai, hiki i nā insecticides ke hana wale i ka hahau. Hiki ke lawe ʻia i ka pīpī mua ʻana ma mua o ka pua ʻana, ma mua o ka pua a me nā ʻōpio ʻōpiopio. ʻO kahi kālai manu huki paʻa i kau ʻia ma luna o ka ʻōpala e pale aku i nā aphids mai ka piʻi ʻana mai ka lepo, e ʻoki ʻia ka ʻōpala i ka hua ma luna o ka puʻupuʻu.
Inā ʻo ka keʻokeʻo, maopopoʻole nā lau o ka pou, pehea e hana ai? Nānā mākou i nā makahiki o kahi pālule hina uliuli - kahi lauwili. Ua waiho ʻo ia i hua, hele mai nā uka. Hoʻolau lākou i ka mea ʻala i loko o ka wai, mai loko mai o nā ʻano lau lau ai i ʻano o ka lau a ʻāpī ʻia ka lau i loko o kahi wai. Ma hope iho, eʻeleʻele ka pale, ʻeleʻele i lalo. Hiki iā ʻoe ke nalowale a 80% o nā lau. I ke kauwela, i ka wā e ninini ʻia ai ka hua, ʻaʻole hiki ke hoʻohana ʻia ka hoʻomākaukau ʻana i ka lāʻau, a me ka kōkua o nā kānaka i ʻole e kōkua. Hiki iā ʻoe ke hoʻohana i nā mea koi olakino - Bitoxibacillin a me Lepidocide, a i ʻole nā enzyme - Fitoverm, Akarin. Ua loaʻa kēia ʻano o nā mea hihiu he 10 tausani mau mea.
ʻO ka pale i ke kūleʻa i ka lau lau i nā ʻāpana:
- puna wīwī i ke kōā a me nā lālā lōkeke palaki;
- ka mālama ʻana i ka lāʻau i nā pua hiamoe mai ka hoʻoilo āpau me ka hoʻomākaukau ʻana 30;
- ke kāohi ʻana i nā lau a hāʻule i ka hua i nā kukuna;
- pa ana he mau paila paila
- ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā kāʻei hopu.
I ka hoʻomakaʻana o ke kauwela, i ka manawa o ke kauwela o ka butterfly, hiki ke hoʻohana i nā iniseti. Hiki i nā lāʻau hoʻonaʻauao ke hoʻohana i nā wā mahana. I ke anu anuanu, ua hūnā nā uka i loko o ke kāmona a hiki ʻole ke nānā ʻia.
ʻO kekahi ʻano kaua ʻē aʻe i kahi paila he mite galite. He kiko cephalopod liʻiliʻi kēia mea liʻiliʻi i ka 1 mm me nā wāwae ʻehā. Ke keʻokeʻo a ulaula paha lākou. Hoʻopilikia ʻia ka maʻi ʻino e ka makani a i ʻole ke ahulau ma luna o nā lole a me nā kāmaʻa.
ʻAʻole kōkua nā mea hoʻoponopono kanaka i ka hakakā ʻana me nā peʻe gallites. ʻO ka pepehi kanaka pepehi ʻia no kēia pōpilikia ʻo Vertimek a me Proclame. Hana ʻia ka lāʻau i ka hoʻoilo mua, ma hope o ka hōʻiliʻili ʻana a ma mua o ka hau.
Wahi ʻia ka maʻi ʻōpala he peʻa a weevil paha. ʻO kahi liʻiliʻi, liʻiliʻi ma mua o 5 mm nondescript haki hiki ke waiho i kahi lāʻau me ka ʻole o kahi huaʻai. Mai ka wā hemo, he miners nā hua pua ma ka pī, i ka pūnāwai ʻaʻole lākou pua pua, ua ʻai ʻia lākou mai loko mai o ka lālani pua ʻana. I ke kauwela, ua kau nā wahine i kā lākou hua ma ka hua.
Inā loaʻa ka weevil ma kekahi pa, pehea ke kaua?
Ma mua o ka pua ʻana, e lawe ʻia ana ka hana e kūʻē i nā weevil me nā lāʻau ikaika - Karbofos, Actellik, Metaphos. I ka ʻaihue ʻana a me ka wehe ʻana o nā pua i ka wā anuanu a hiki i ke +10 degere, haʻalulu ka lāʻau, a hāʻule ka pīpī ma ka ʻōpala. Ua pohō lākou i ka wai me ka lepo.
