I waena o nā māla, hoʻonui ka hua i ka hua maikaʻi. ʻO ka mea hoʻopaʻa i hoʻopaʻa palapala, kahi maukuhi e kaupaona ana iā 300 kg, ua loaʻa ʻia e ka mea pākahi ma ʻAmelika ʻAmelika. Nā mea nunui nā kaupaona 100 kg ʻaʻole maʻamau i ko mākou mau wahi hema. ʻO ka ulu ʻana i ka mākeke ma ka ʻāina ākea he hana maʻalahi ia, akā pono e nānā ʻia kekahi mau kūlana no ka loaʻa ʻana o ka hōʻiliʻili maikaʻi.
Maikaʻi ka paukena
E like me nā hua waina a pau, he thermophilic maukū, a kūlohelohe wale nei ma ke kūkulu hema o ka ʻāpana ʻāpana o Rūsia ma o ka lūlū ʻana i ka lepo. Loaʻa i ke kumu waena a me nā ʻāpana hikina kahi kanu i ka wā e ulu ai nā hua ma ke ʻano ākea.
I loko o kahi maukena, pono nā mea āpau - ka pulp o o nā hua, nā hua a me ka ʻili. ʻO ka ʻāpana fibrous i loko. Loaʻa ka momona T i loko o ka paukena, kahi mea i ʻike nui i ke kūlohelohe. Hoʻohana ka hua walima i loaʻa ka aila a hoʻohana ʻia no ka hoʻokuʻu ʻana i nā ʻōpala.
ʻAʻole paʻa ke kaʻina hauʻoli Makahiki me ka pau ʻole o nā paukena maloʻo, kahi i hana ʻia ai nā kiʻi o kēlā mau loʻi.
Pane nui ka palaila pala momona. Ke manaʻoʻiʻo ʻia he mea ʻoi kēia ʻano ma mua o nā mea ʻē aʻe. Ua ninini, hana i nā ʻano like ʻole, a ʻokoʻa ke ʻano like o nā hua. ʻO kahi mau palaka liʻiliʻi e kūpono i ka mālama i ka hoʻoilo.
ʻO ka kanu kākohu a mālama i ka ʻāina ākea ma o nā pua
ʻElua mau ala e ulu ai nā lāʻau thermophilic:
- hua huamaka;
- ka lūlū hua.
Hiki ke ulu i ka paukena ma o nā pua i kekahi wahi maka, i kekahi mau wahi e uhi ana iā ia mai nā palahalaha mua.
Pono mua nā māla, hoʻāla, ʻūlū ʻia i ka lehu a i nā mea hoʻoulu ulu. I kekahi manawa ʻaʻole maloʻo nā māla maloʻo, ʻaʻole mākaukau. No laila, ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o ka mea kanu i nā mea kanu i ka moss, sawdust a i ʻole kahi pāpū lūlū, a lūlū ʻia me nā pua pōkoki.
Lawe ʻia ka ʻāina no nā mea kanu, nui nā aniani. Pono ka ʻōkeke i ka mahana ma kahi o 20 mau kiʻekiʻe, akā ʻaʻole hiki iā ʻoe ke hoʻomaloʻo i ka honua. No laila, hoʻomaʻemaʻe ka wai me ka mahana, hoʻonā wai. Kūleʻa koke ka cotyledon, no laila e haʻalele ʻoe i kahi lumi no ka pīpī ʻana, akā mua ʻoe e ʻīlī i kahi koʻikoʻi lōʻihi me kahi paena a kāpīpī ʻia me ka honua. A kapa ʻia kēia ʻano loea ʻano seedling. Ma ka puka hema ma ka wela o nā mea kanu, ʻaʻole pono e kau i ka kukui. Kūkulu ʻia i ka ʻāina me ka wela paʻa. Pono ke ʻano o ka paukena e kanu i kahi ahi ola ma lalo o ka mea kanu kumulāʻau, kalāeʻa kahiko, mullein silt o nā ʻōpala hoʻoilo mai nā holoholona. Nā palapala ʻāina:
- ʻo ka hūnā launa, ʻaʻole pono nā mea e huki;
- wehe i kahi lā me ka huki ʻana o nā mea kanu ma ka ʻaoʻao ʻākau;
- Upland me ke kahawai hohonu e kū pono ana.
ʻO ka kanu a mālama ʻana i kahi pākena i ka papa ākea e pale iā ia mai nā pōpilikia a me nā maʻi. ʻO nā maʻi like i hoʻopau i ka hua o nā kukama e hiki ke hōʻeha i ka paukena. No laila, hoʻokaʻawale ʻia nā mea kanu, mālama wale ʻia me ka wai mahana a me ke kani ʻana, me ka hana ʻole i ka lepo ma ke aʻa. Hoʻomaʻemaʻe nui ka mauʻu i ka wai e hoʻonui i ka wai i ka wā e hoʻopiha a hoʻopau i ka wā ʻala. E waiho ana ke aʻa i ka lepo a hiki i ʻekolu mau aniani, a i kahi māla i loaʻa ka lawa o ka paukena.
Makemake i ka mea kanu mea kanu a me nā minelala. Hana ʻia ka pipiʻi pipi i kēlā me kēia pule, e hoʻohuli ana i ka nitrogen a me nā fertilizers Phorus-potassium. ʻAʻole makemake kahi mea kanu like-kokoke i ka kokoke loa o nā lāʻau ʻē aʻe. Pāhiʻi ʻo ia i nā lehelehe, a ma loko o nā limu, lawe lākou i nā aʻa keu, e hānai ana i ka mea kanu. Eia nō naʻe, pono e hoʻoponopono ʻia ka hua. ʻO ka liʻiliʻi o ka paukena āu e hana ai, ʻoi aku ka nui o lākou. Hoʻopili lākou i ka paukena, e like me ka pīpī o kahi kukama, pale mai ia e ulu. Ulu nui nā hua inā waiho lākou i hoʻokahi a ʻelua mau ovaries.
Me ka hoʻomakaʻana o ka hau kakahiaka, hoʻokuʻu ka haʻalele i kahi walika me ka uhi ʻole ma ka māla. No laila, hoʻonoho ʻia kahi pā haole ma luna o ia a ʻokiʻoki ʻia paha nā hua nunui. Aia ka pala o ka paukena, ulu ka ʻōpala, a maloʻo ka huelo. Akā ʻoiai ʻaʻole kuke, hele ʻo ia i loko o kahi lumi mahana no nā pule. A he mau ʻōpena liʻiliʻi ma hope o ka makahiki Hou he melemona hoʻi.
Ke kanu nei i ka palaʻai a me ka mālama melona
Hiki ke ulu i kekahi mau ʻano precocious ma ka lulu ʻana i ka lepo ma waena o Rūsia. ʻO Butternat, ʻōpala i 100 mau lā a ʻo Muscat, nona kēia ʻano, akā hiki ke ulu pū me nā hua ʻai. ʻO nā ʻano pākahi o 800, kahi liʻiliʻi loa ma mua o 40 o kāu mau momona momona. ʻĀnō hoʻi nā moʻo ono luʻu ʻānō ʻo Barn, Marble, Almond.
Ma nā ʻāina hema, no ka laʻana, ma Crimea, nā melons me nā paukena e hāʻawi ʻia i kahi wahi nui o ka pāla. Kue nā hua kanu i loko o nā lua no kekahi mau ʻāpana, waiho i kekahi, kahi mea ikaika loa. Hāʻawi ka honua no ka paukena i ke kala ʻia me kahi anika-wai ʻole. ʻO nā mea kanu, koe wale nā melons, hiki ke lilo i ka mea maʻamau, no ka hiki ʻole ke hoʻopili i nā maʻi a me nā mea kanu i nā mea kanu e pili ana.
ʻO ke koi nui no kēia moʻomeheu ka wela. I loko o ka lā, pono ke kūpono o ka mahana o ka 30 tikelika, a ma ka pō 18. I ka ulu ʻana o ka paukena i ka hāmama, ka kauoha ʻoi i ka pinching. ʻO ka hoʻonui ʻana i ka nui o ka ʻōmaʻomaʻo e lawe ana i ka meaʻai mai ka hua. Akā he mea kūpono ia e hoʻokō i nā ʻoihana pale loea. I nā ʻoihana nui, koho ʻia nā hana palekana e nā poʻe loea i ka home; ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā ʻano like ʻole o ka hakakā.
I nā mahiʻai pilikino, hiki iā ʻoe ke hoʻohana i nā pono i kēia mau lā i ʻae ʻia no ka hoʻohana ʻana ma kā lākou iho āpau ʻoihana ʻoihana. ʻO nā papaʻi lohi e hoʻohālikelike ana me ka hoʻopuehu, līlī i ka lime, superphosphate, nā kōiwi konip, a i ʻole ka hana ʻana i nā ʻapo a puni ka mea kanu.
Hiki i ka palaʻai palaka a me ka pulupulu ke hoʻopau i ka huaʻai i ke ʻano o nā lā. No laila, ʻokoʻa ka hoʻokaʻawale ʻana i ke anthracosis a me nā hau o ʻAmelika. Ke ulu a ʻōpala, hoʻoholo ʻia e ke ʻano o ka peel. ʻAʻole kēlā me ka pipi e ka lima, a maloʻo ka ʻili. I kēia hihia, pili paha ka manawa ʻānō i ka ʻano ākea a hiki mai i 90 a 150 lā paha. Ma hope o nā ʻano ʻāpana e hōʻiliʻili i nā mea momona a me nā puna. ʻO nā huaʻai i ʻōlelo ʻole ʻia e huli i ka melemele i ka manawa a loaʻa i nā pono āpau a me ka maikaʻi o ka gustatory.
