Nā paii, poplars ...

ʻO ka ʻoluʻolu hanahana. E ulu ʻo ia, e hānai i nā mea kanu palupalu mai kahi hua liʻiliʻi, ʻilihune ʻole, e hoʻokaʻawale iā lākou i loko o ka ʻāina kanu maikaʻi ʻia a mālama iā lākou no nā makahiki he nui. Ma ka manawa koke, e lilo nā pua ʻōpio i nā aala ikaika, nā ʻokiʻoki, nā puʻukū nani, a i ʻole nā lāʻau lehu.

Ma kahi kokoke i ka mahiʻai, he mea mahiʻai, he mea kanu wale nō ia i ka māla, nānā aku i ka ulu ʻana o nā mea kanu no ka lā ʻole, a i kēia manawa kauwela ʻaʻole paʻa, akā ke hele nei ia ma waena o nā kahakai gula o ka palaoa, ka kaupaona ʻana i ka wai momona, piha ka māla palau ma kona pā.

Ma hope o ʻelima, ma ka hapa he ʻumi mau makahiki, lawe ka māla mua i ka ohi mua i nā hua a i ʻole nā huaʻa.

ʻEleʻele ʻeleʻele a i ʻole poplar

Akā ʻo ka mea e ulu nei i ka ulu lāʻau, ʻaʻole i hao ʻia ka hopena. ʻAno nā makahiki kahiko ia i hāʻawi ʻia ai iā lākou e hele ma lalo o ke kuʻi o ka nahele i mālama ʻia e lākou, a ʻo ke ʻohi ʻana i ke kumu lāʻau ʻo nā keiki kāne a me nā keiki. No laila, mai ka wā kahiko, hūnā ka poʻe hana lāʻau i ka moʻo i makemake ʻia: ʻaʻole ulu hoʻokahi, akā he nui nā hanauna o nā ulu lāʻau i ko lākou ola, ʻaʻole hoʻokahi hoʻokahi, akā he mau manawa ia e ʻoliʻoli ai i nā hua o nā kumulāʻau i ulu ʻia e lākou.

ʻIke ʻia me ka moeʻuhane ʻole ʻole ʻole. Eia naʻe ua laha ʻo ʻOkakopa ʻOkakopa, a ua hoʻomaka ʻia ka mea i manaʻo ʻia i mua ʻole he kiʻi ʻia i mua o ko mākou mau maka. Hoʻokuʻu ke kālā kuʻāina i nā kālā nui i ka ululāʻau, hoʻolako pū ʻia me nā mea ʻoi hou a me nā lako hou, i hoʻolako i nā wahi ʻole, palena ʻole i nā mea moeʻuhane kahiko e hana i ka hana maoli o ka ulu ʻana i nā nahele. He mea koʻikoʻi kēia no ka mea lōʻihi a nani hoʻi i ka pale ma mua o ka ʻāpana ʻEulopa o ko mākou ʻāina.

Ke ulu nui nei nā kumu lāʻau, e like me he mau makahiki i hala, a ʻo ka nui o ka loaʻa ʻana o ko lākou waiwai ma o ka ʻoihana a me ke kūkulu ʻana ua hoʻonui i hoʻokahi haneri a me ka hoʻomau mau nei. Pehea e Hāʻawi kekahi i ke ala i ka poʻe e hoʻopaʻa nei i ka ulu wikiwiki - nā lāʻau ʻulaʻula, ke ʻimi nei kekahi poʻe i ka hopena o ka pilikia ma ka ʻenehana ʻoihana mahiai i ka ulu lāʻau, i nā mea e ulu ai, i nā mea kanu. Ua loaʻa ka vein wana a ka mea gula i ka poʻe i hoʻohuli i ko lākou manaolana i nā ʻano poplar i manaʻo ʻia he waiwai ʻole i ka wā ma mua.

ʻO ka poplar keʻokeʻo, a i ʻole poplar hiriwa kālā (White Poplar)

Ka mea i hele nā hanana pohō. ʻO kekahi ka mea, e like me nā mea maʻa, lehu, puaʻa, maple ua hoʻomaopopo ʻia i ka lehulehu. Hana lākou i ka mālama ma nā ululāʻau kūlohelohe, ulu aloha lākou i nā kahu ulu lāʻau a i ʻole nā moʻomeheu ululāʻau, e like me nā ʻōpio ʻōpiopio i kapa ʻia nā ululāʻau. A ulu mau nā poplars ma luna o lākou iho. ʻO kaʻoiaʻiʻo, ua ʻike lōʻihi nā kānaka i ka ulu o nā poplars, ka nui o ko lākou nui, ka nani, ke nānā ʻoluʻolu i nā kāula a me nā ʻalā wai, nā alanui, a me nā alanui me lākou, i hoʻohana ʻia no nā pā ʻāina, ʻaʻole wale no ka ulu wikiwiki ʻana, akā no ka lehulehu o ka poplars hiki ke hoʻopili maʻalahi ma o nā ʻokiʻoki. Kahu ʻia i kahi papa 30-sentimeter i ka pūnāwai, a i ka wā lōlau aia ua lua ia, a i ʻole he kanakolu paha ma kahi kiʻekiʻe paha, i nā makahiki ma hope aku e hūnā iki ʻoe i ka ulu o ka ulu ʻana, he mau makahiki i hala, a e ʻike nō ʻoe i kahi lāʻau nui.

I ke kauwela kauwela, i ka wā e hoʻomaka ai ka poplar fluff e lele, nui nā kuhi e hoʻohālikelike ʻia i ka lālani poplar. Akā ʻaʻole ʻo nā ʻōmole i nā lāʻau, akā nā mea nāna i kanu i nā specimens wahine i ke alanui. He mea kanu ʻoi ʻo Poplar. Hoʻouluulu nā specimens kāne a me ka wahine i ka manawa hoʻokahi, i ka wā mua, ma mua o ka pua ʻana o nā lau. Nā ʻāpana ʻulaʻula o nā poplars kāne, hoʻohemo i ka pollen, hāʻule i lalo a ʻaʻole pilikia i ka poʻe. ʻO nā ʻāpana ʻeleʻele-ʻōmaʻomaʻo o nā kumulāne wahine ma hope o ka hoʻohemo ʻana i nā pahu hua lāʻau ʻōmaʻomaʻo, mai loko mai o ka mahina a me ka hapalua a ʻelua mau malama paha, e loaʻa ana he mau tausani o nā hua liʻiliʻi i nā mea hoʻopiʻi parachute. ʻO ka mana o ka poplar e pālahalahaʻi i kāna mau huaʻī a ʻo ia ke kumu o ka hoʻopiʻi a ka poʻe ma nā kūlanakauhale a me nā kauhale. Ua ʻike nā poʻe Kelekio i ka wā kahiko i kēia waiwai o ka poplar a kanu i nā pā o nā hōʻuluʻulu ʻana o ka lehulehu a me nā alanui o waena me nā mea kikoʻī o kahi ʻano panculine. Ma ke ala, mai nā poʻe Helene kahiko, hōʻaiʻē ka poʻe botani i ka huaʻōlelo "populus", ʻo ia hoʻi, no ka inoa o ka poplar genus.

ʻEleʻele ʻeleʻele a i ʻole poplar

Akā hoʻi hou i nā hopohopo o nā ululāʻau. ʻO nā poplars, i ʻōlelo ʻia me ka huaʻōlelo maikaʻi a maikaʻi ʻole hoʻi, i ʻike ʻia i ka wā lōʻihi wale nō e nā poʻe loea i nā ʻāina e hoʻopuni ana i ka wahi, ʻoiai ʻo ka lawena lāʻau i mālama iā lākou me ka liʻiliʻi ʻole. A ʻo wai ka mea aloha e hiki ai ke ulu i ka nahele poplar i ka wā ma mua? Ma hope o nā mea a pau, mai ka manawa popem nui ua manaʻo ʻia he ʻano wao nahele. He aha ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka lāʻau palala haʻahaʻa, haʻahaʻa o nā mea kanu? ʻAuhea ia mau mea, ʻōlelo, nā ʻano he ʻano oak, walnut, beech?

Akā, ua loli nā manawa, a ua loli ka ʻano o ka ʻohana poplar. Me ka hoʻomohala mau i kahi loina omnipotent, ua loaʻa i ka ʻoihana hana hana lāʻau ka ikaika, ka haku ʻana i nā ʻano o nā ʻano kupanaha. Ua aʻo ʻia lākou i ka hoʻololi ʻana i ka lāʻau poplar maikaʻi i loko o ka ikaika, e like me ka aakela a me ka boxwood, nani, e like me ka walnuts hoʻonani a me ka Birch, kahi mea nō hoʻi ke kūleʻa a hoʻopau wale.

Ua hoʻokau ʻo poplar i kāna wahi kūpono ma waena o nā mea hoʻokūkū ma mua a ua hūnā i ka manaʻo nui o nā ululāʻau, ʻo ia hoʻi ma nā wahi maikaʻi ʻole i nā nahele. I kēia manawa ʻaʻole hiki iā ʻoe ke kiʻi i kahi wana i kekahi wahi ma Kuban, Ukraine, a hiki i ka waena waena o Rūsia ʻaʻole e ulu poplar me ka mālama āpau.

ʻO ka poplar keʻokeʻo, a i ʻole poplar hiriwa kālā (White Poplar)

ʻO nā mea kamaʻāina Soviet i hāʻawi i mea kōkua nui i ka ʻepekema a me ka hana o kēia lāʻau. Ma waena o nā holoholona o Awanoaea ʻo A.S. Yablokov aia ka poʻe poplars i hoʻopihapiha ʻia e ka mea nāna, he paionia, ʻo Michurinets, ʻo Lūkini, ʻaʻole hoʻi i haʻahaʻa iā lākou i ka ulu ʻana o ka ulu, akā, me nā lau kumu, kokoke ma Moscow, Ivanteyevsky, ʻramlelo Soviet a me ka inoa ma hope o ka mea kākau Lūkini nui ʻo Maxim Gorky.

ʻO ka hoʻopiʻi ʻana i nā pahū o nā poplars i loaʻa iā A.V. Albensky, ke lālā pono o ka All-Union Academy of Agricultural Science i kapa ʻia ma V.I. Lenin. Kahi mea nui hoʻi ka hua ʻili i koho ʻia i waena o ka hoʻoilina o ka mea moʻomeheu Pelekane, ʻo ʻAkolekela O. Henry, nāna i kuhi ʻia i ka Soviet Union. Ua kapa ʻia kēia pākeke paleka wikiwiki i kā mākou ʻāina ma ko mākou ʻāina. ʻO ka mea maʻamau, hōʻike wale ʻia nā mea huna kāne, no laila he mea pono no nā ʻāina ʻāina.

He mea kupaianaha nō hoʻi nā ʻōpio o nā huahelu e pili ana i ka lālā o ka Academy of Science o nā Ukrainian SSR F. L. Schepotiev, no ka mea poplar fun-sidenkovsky, ke kaukaʻi ʻo P. L. Bogdanov, Leningrad poplar a me nā mea ʻē aʻe.

ʻEleʻele ʻeleʻele a i ʻole poplar

No ke kau ʻana nā tausani o ke keʻa i hala, he ʻumi tausani o nā hua puaa i ulu a hōʻole ʻia ma mua o nā mea waiwai nui a hoʻohiki. Ua hala mau makahiki o ka hana no ka hana ʻana i kēia mau ʻano ʻeneke hou o kā mākou mau ʻepekema. Akā, he aha ka wā e hiki mai ana iā lākou! Kūʻai hou ka ʻano ʻano hou o ka poplar i kahi māla ākea ākea.

Mai noho i loko o ka poʻe ʻepekema a me ke ʻano maoli. Ka hoʻoluhi ʻole ʻo ia i ke hoʻohana ʻana i ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka crossbreeding maʻalahi o nā poplars, nā ʻano hou āpau. I kēia lā, ua aʻo aku nā poʻe ʻokiʻoki i kahi ʻoi aku 110 ka nui o nā poplar ma ka palalāʻau o ka honua, ʻaʻole maʻalahi ke ʻano o nā ʻano a me nā ʻano huaʻai: he nui ka poʻe o lākou i ʻike ma kēlā me kēia ʻoihana lāʻau. I kēia manawa ʻo ke wikiwiki wikiwiki a ulu mau i nā mea kanu kūlohelohe i kēlā me kēia makahiki. Nui o lākou ua lilo i pae i nā wahi like ʻole o ka Soviet Union, i ka pono, i ka ululāʻau māmā, i ka hema o ka ʻāina.

ʻO ka laʻana, poplar Kanada. He mamo kēia na poplar i neʻe aku iā mākou mai Canada. Hōʻalo pinepine i kā mākou mau poplars, ua lilo i mea paʻakikī maoli kūlohelohe. E like me nā huaʻai maikaʻi loa i haku ʻia e ka ʻepekema, i ka makahiki mua o ke kanu ʻana i nā kuahiwi wao nahele, hiki iā ia ke pale i ka mahina ʻai mai ka makani maloʻo a me ka popo. I nā makahiki 7-8, hiki i ka poplar kanalili ke hōʻiliʻili i ka lāʻau hiapo mua, a ma ka makahiki o 15-20, ʻo kāna mea kanu maikaʻi loa e hōʻiliʻili i ka nui o nā lāʻau i like me ka lāʻau a pau a i ʻole nā mea kanu a hoʻokahi wale nō mau makahiki. ʻO kēia kahi kahi o nā kaila o ka ulu lāʻau nui. ʻO ia ka manawa a hiki i ka manawa kūpono ke hoʻokō i hoʻokahi haneri mei aku ka nui o ka loaʻa ʻana o nā lako maka, a ma ka manawa like ke hoʻokō nei i ka moemoe nui o ka ululāʻau. ʻAʻole he mau huaʻai i ke ola holoʻokoʻa, akā, i kēia manawa ke hōʻiliʻili ʻia nei me ka lima māmā o ka mea ʻepekema Kharkov F. A. Pavlenko. ʻO kāna ʻano noi e hoʻohana ai i ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā uapo poplar keu no ka hana pepa, he ʻaoʻao hou i ka ʻimi malū no nā ululāʻau a me ka hopena o ka poplar.

ʻO ka poplar keʻokeʻo, a i ʻole poplar hiriwa kālā (White Poplar)

Inā e kani walaʻau nā ʻeleʻele i ko mākou mau ʻāina i ka wā e hiki mai ana, e ʻōlelo i nā mea nona ka nahele, a laila ʻo nā mea i loko o nā wahi ākea a me nā wahie ʻole o ka ʻāina i ka poplars. I nā haneli he haneli o ka hepeka, nā mea ulu lāʻau poplars e ulu wikiwiki ʻia i ko mākou ʻāina ma kēlā me kēia makahiki.

E hui pū ʻia me lākou, ʻo ka wati hanohano e lawe ʻia ana i nā monamona poplar. I ke kakahiaka mua o 1924, ma ka pali kahawai o ka muliwai Oka, i ke kauka Konstantinov, ua kanu ʻia kahi hua pāhoʻo e kokoke ana i ka home paternal e Sergei Yesenin. Nui nā kumulāʻau e pili ana i ka manenea a Heenin manor e make nui ana i ka puʻu koʻikoʻi o ka Ryazanshchina a i ʻole wale i ka ulu ʻana i ko lākou mau makahiki, ua ulu ka poplar i luna i ka lei o kona poʻo i luna i ka lani, i hoʻokū paʻa maoli iā ia iho i loko o ka honua. Aia kahi pahu kai ola i ka poʻomanaʻo, kū ʻo ia ma ka ʻaka, ua huli ʻia i loko o kahi hale moʻomeheu.

Hoʻolālā nā mea kanu kanu i ka hānau ʻana i ka lā hānau o V.I. Lenin, nā mea hana o ka depot Moscow-Sortirovochnaya. Ma kahi lā maikaʻi o ke kauwela, ʻApelila 22, 1960, ua hele lākou i kā lākou hui a kanu i nā lāʻau 90. Ua hoʻoholo koke ʻia ʻo ia i kēlā me kēia makahiki ma kēia lā koʻikoʻi, pono nō e kanu ʻia kahi poplar hou. Hana ʻia ka moʻomeheu maikaʻi a hiki i ka 100 makahiki hoʻomanaʻo hoʻomanaʻo. I kēlā me kēia makahiki, ʻo ka ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o nā limahana ʻo ka ʻoihana mua loa he kuleana kūpono e kanu i kahi lāʻau.