Manchurian walnut i loko o kahi hale kauwela

ʻO nā lāʻau walnut ikaika ma mua o kahi i hāʻawi aku ai i nā mea huakaʻi i ka pale a me ka meaʻai, no laila ke aloha nei ka poʻe iā lākou i aliʻi keʻa. Hōʻike nā lāʻau nani nani o ka ʻohana walnut e nā walnuts a loaʻa i nā wahi i nā kihi hema o ka Russian Federation a me ka CIS. Hoʻolāla ko lākou kanu lāʻau i nā alahele me ka hele pū ʻana me ka poʻe hele mākaʻikaʻi mau lōʻihi, ulu kekahi mau māka ma nā pā o nā wahi hiamoe o nā kūlanakauhale a ʻoiaʻiʻo, aia nō ma kēlā me kēia kolo. Eia nō naʻe, ua kaupalena ka māhele hoʻoili o nā walnuts ma ka ʻaoʻao kūkulu hema a me nā hoʻāʻo ʻana e hoʻomāhuahua i ka moʻomeheu i ka ʻākau i pau ʻole.

Akā no ka poʻe aloha i nā nati i nā wahi anuanu o ke komohana, aia kahi ala ma waho. ʻAʻole hiki iā ʻoe ke ulu i nā walnuts, akā nā nati Manchurian, nona nā like me nā hua like a me nā huaʻai, akā hōʻailona ʻia e ke kiʻekiʻe o ka hau kūʻai. Pono ka lōʻihi o 30 a me ka pōkole 45 degere e hōʻino ʻia i nā lāʻau lāʻau.

Laau walnut Manchurian. © T. Abe Lloyd

Wale Manchurian, a ʻO Dumbey Walnut (ʻO Juglans mandshurica) - ke ʻano o nā lāʻau monoecious deciduous a i ʻole nā lau o ke ʻano o Walnut (Nā Juglans), ʻāla ʻohana (Juglandaceae).

Ka māhele ʻāpana o Manchurian walnut

Hōʻalo ka hua kūlohelohe o Manchurian walnut ma ka Far East, ʻĀina Kina, a me nā Kūleʻa ʻana o Korea. Hoʻoulu nui ia i nā nahele oak-maple i hui ʻia, makemake i ke kuʻuna me ka larch, pine, cedar a me nā mea kanu coniferous. Hoʻomaka ka Manchurian walnut ma kahi ʻano i kanu ʻia a kanu i nā mea kanu ma nā Mokupuni o Solovetsky, ma Leningrad, Vologda, Moscow a me nā ʻāina ʻē aʻe o Rūsia.

ʻO ka hōʻikeʻike biology o Manchurian walnut

ʻO ka walnut Manchurian i ka helehelena e like like me ka walnut, akā aia kekahi mau hiʻohiʻona ʻē aʻe. ʻO ka lau o ka lau he pinnate paʻakikī hoʻi, akā ʻoi aku ka nui o ka walnut, hiki i ka lōʻihi a hiki i 1 m, aia nā lau he 7-19 mau liʻiliʻi (10-20 cm lōʻihi), serrated ma ka ʻaoʻao, me kahi ʻokiʻoki. Aia nā nuts ma nā lālā o 2-7 mau ʻāpana, ʻoi aku ka liʻiliʻi ma nā walnuts, me ka pūhaka make loa, ʻo ka oval-e kuhikuhi i kekahi ʻaoʻao. ʻO ke poʻo ʻeleʻele ka māmā, hina, ʻeleʻele me ka makahiki a lilo i ʻeleʻele i nā wahi. Ke kanu kanu, ua hana ʻo ia i ka hua mua no ka makahiki 4, a me nā hua - no 7-8. Ke ulu wikiwiki nei nā makahiki 20-30 mua. ʻO ka ulu makahiki, i ka makahiki mua, a hiki i ka 2 mika.

ʻO nā hua o ka walnut Manchurian. © Qwert1234

ʻO nā pua kāne (catkins) o ka walnut Manchurian. © Qwert1234

Nā pua wahine o Manchurian walnut. © Qwert1234

ʻO kā Walnut Manchurian monoecious mea kanu, hana ʻokoʻa i nā pua kāne a me nā wahine. ʻO nā kāne ma ke ʻano o ke aniani ʻeleʻele lōʻihi e pua i ka manawa like i ka pua ke hāmama. ʻO nā wahine, i hōʻike ʻia e nā lau liʻiliʻi liʻiliʻi. Hoʻohuia e ka makani. Hoʻōla ka pua i ka lāʻApelila-Mei. Hoʻopili ʻia Manneka walnut i loko o 1-2 mau makahiki. Me ka melo o nā lau, ua kūpono nā hua no ka hōʻiliʻili ʻana (2-3 mau makahiki o Kepakemapa).

ʻO nā hiʻohiʻona maikaʻi o ka walnut Manchurian

ʻO nā kernels e loaʻa ana ma mua o 50% mau momona ka mea hou.
Mai i nā lau ʻōmaʻomaʻo (i ka hoʻomaka ʻana o Iune) ka ʻōpū o ka waiū (2-3 cm i ka nui) ua hoʻomākaukau ʻia i ka lāʻau lapaʻau maikaʻi loa.
Hoʻohana ka decoction o nā lau i ʻoki ʻia i ka wā pua no nā maʻi o ka pēpē o ka gastrointestinal, friability o nā gums, a me ka diates exudative.
Hoʻohui ʻia nā lau hou i nā ʻeha e pale ai i ka pala. Hoʻohana e mālama i ka furunculosis.
E hoʻōla i ka ʻōpū ma nā wāwae (a ʻo ke kui nō naʻe), ʻā ʻia ka lau e like me ke kīwī. Ma hope o ka hoʻomoʻo, mālama ʻia nā wāwae i loko o ka hoʻonā no 20-30 mau minuke. Hana ʻia ke kaʻina hana i loko o 7-10 mau lā.
Hoʻoulu ka decoction o nā lau i ka maikaʻi o ka lauoho (e hoʻoulu nei i ka ulu ʻana, hoʻi hou ka pehu, hoʻoneʻe i ka dandruff).
E hoʻomaʻemaʻe maikaʻi i ka lepo mai ka lewa. ʻO ka mea kanu i loko o ka yuglon bactericidal (ka ʻohu o ka iodine), ka mea wehe i ka lewa mai nā pathogens.

Wale Manchurian

Hoʻohana ma ka hoʻonani ʻana o ka pūnaewele

Manchurian walnut - hiki i kahi kiʻekiʻe o 10-25 m, ua kaulana no ka slimness o ka hua i hana ʻia a me ka lei ākea ākea. Ma nā ʻāpana komohana e hiki ke ulu i loko o ke ʻano o kahi kumulāʻau a ma kēia ʻano e hāʻawi pū i kahi hua hua. No Manchurian walnut e pili ana i ka huaʻai wikiwiki e ulu nei. Mahalo i kona lei pale-lei ʻaunu, ua kūpono ka nut i kekahi ʻāpana. He pono ia i ka māla lāʻau o ka dacha Seasonal, ma ka perimeter, a ma ka ʻokoʻa hoʻokaʻawale. Hāʻawi ka limu o nā nati i ka huehue, hoʻopuehu aku i nā namu, no laila, he mea kōkua maikaʻi ka hazel i ka hoʻolālā ʻana i kahi kihi hoʻomaha. Hoʻohālikelike nui ʻia e kā lākou aesthetics he mau pūlima hui pū me nā conifers, kahi i hoʻonani i nā ʻāpana lau nahele me nā pale ʻōmaʻomaʻo.

Pehea e ulu ai i ka walch Manchurian ma ka home

ʻO ka walnut Manchurian he moʻomeheu photophilous, ʻaʻole makaʻu i ka makani, akā hoʻoliʻoli i ka make. Hoʻomaka i nā huaʻai a hoʻomākaukau i nā pua. Oe ke kuai i nā hua kanu ma nā hui kālepa kūʻai kūʻai aku i nā mea kanu. He mea pono ʻole e kūʻai i nā mea kanu mai nā mea kūʻai aku ʻole.

ʻO ka ʻōlelo hoʻomaloka e nā pua

He mea paʻakikī ke kanu a ka walnut ma nā mea transplants. No laila, ʻo ka hoʻoholo ʻana e hoʻopuʻi i ka moʻomeheu i kahi ala ulu - ke kanu ʻana i nā hua kanu, pono ʻoe e koho koke i kahi kūpono. Kohu nā mea kanu e aloha ana e ulu me ko lākou mau poʻo. No laila, ʻo ka wahi i ka lā, e hoʻomoʻa ʻia e nā lāʻau kiʻekiʻe. Kūleʻa ʻo Walnut i nā wahi haʻahaʻa, akā pono ka lepo ma ka māla. Hāʻawi ʻia i loko o ka hohonu kumu hohonu a me ke kumu lāʻau nui, pono nā mea kanu pono e kanu ʻia mai nā hale. Inā kanu ʻia kekahi mau lāʻau i kahi laina, a laila e hoʻolālā ʻia nā lua no nā hua ma 10-12 m.

Hiki ke kanu ʻia nā mea kanu ma Sepatemaba a ʻApelila Mākou e hoʻomākaukau i kahi kī anuʻu me ka hohonu o ka liʻiliʻi o 80-100 cm a me kahi kikoʻī e like me ke kumu o ke aʻa o ka seedling. Hoʻouka mākou i ka hoʻoheheʻe ma lalo o ka lua, ma lalo ʻoe e hiki ai ke hoʻohana i ka ʻōpala i wāwahi ʻia, ka ʻoka a me nā mea ʻē aʻe. E ninini mākou i kahi papa o ka lepo e uhi ana i ka ʻōpala a me kahi hapa o ka lua ʻauʻa. Inā e emi ka lepo i ka lepo a i ʻole ka lepo lepo, a laila hoʻomākaukau mākou i ka ʻano ʻāina. Hoʻopili ʻia ka papahū pae o ka lua o ka luʻu me nā humus, turf a me ke one i nā ʻāpana like 4: 2: 2: 1. Hoʻohui i 20-40 g / maikaʻi o ka superphosphate a me ka pākī potash. Ma kahi o ka pala potash, hiki iā ʻoe ke hana i kahi aniani o ka lehu lāʻau. E kāwili maikaʻi i ka ʻano i hoʻomākaukau ʻia.

Manchurian walnut seedling. © Chika Oka

Sapling (1-2 mau makahiki), e nānā, hōʻoki i ke aʻa waena. Hoʻokomo mākou i ke kikowaena o ka lua a hoʻopaʻa koke iā ia i ka pa. Hoʻokomo mākou i ka hoʻopihapiha i ka palaki o ka lepo, e hoʻopiha piha i kahi pakete o ka wai, a ma hope o ka ʻūlū ʻana, hoʻohui i ke koena o ka lepo, kaʻi iā ia a puni ka ʻōpū. Hoʻohui i kekahi wai puna wai 0.5-1.0. E hoʻomoʻi i ka lepo a puni ka ʻōpala me ka wili, sawdust (ʻaʻole coniferous), pālua, ʻōpiopio. Hoʻoluʻolu mākou i nā hua kanu no ka hoʻoilo, ʻoiai i kona wā ʻōpio, hiki iā lākou ke hoʻokuʻu i nā ʻāpana o nā lālā. No ka hoʻomakeʻa, uhi mākou i ka shtamb a i lalo o nā lālā me ka burlap a i ʻole ka mea i ulana ʻia a pale aku i ka ʻupena mai nā rodents. Ua ʻeli mākou i ka ʻupena i loko o ka ʻāina a hehi ʻo ia iā ia. I ka hoʻoilo, ma hope o nā hoʻoheheʻe, e hoʻohewa hou mākou i ke kaʻina hana a i ʻole like me nā kiʻi like ʻole me nā ʻano i hana i nā neʻe i loko o ka hau.

Hoʻōla pālaʻi

Ke hoʻomōhulu nei i kahi pā ma nā hua kanu, ʻaʻole e hoʻouna ʻia nā ʻano kūpono o ka lāʻau makua i ka mea kanu hou. No ka līlū ʻia e nā hua kanu, ua hoʻohana ʻia nā huaʻehā 1-2 mau makahiki. Hoʻomaka mai ka makahiki 3 o ka mālama, ua hōʻemi nui ʻia nā hua kanu. Hiki ke lulu nā hua i nā pūnāwai a me ka lūlū. ʻO ka kanu kauwela o ka hoʻoilo o nā hua walnut e kūpono loa. I kēia hihia, ʻaʻole pono ka stratification a puka mua nā mea kanu ma mua o ka kanu kanu.

Ke kanu i nā hua ʻilima, koho mākou i kahi ʻāina momona i luʻulu ʻia maikaʻi, mālama pono ʻia iā ia, a hana i kahi māla. ʻAʻole ʻae ʻo Walnut i nā ʻikika acidic, no laila ke hoʻohui nei mākou i nā 2-3 kīʻaha o ka lehu lāʻau no 1 sq. m a kāʻeli i ka hohonu o ka 10-15 cm. Hana mākou i nā lua no 6-8 cm hohonu i kahi mamao o 8-10 cm. Nā kiki i manaʻo ʻia no ke kanu ʻana i kanu ʻia i loko o ka lepo mai nā mau kiʻi a me nā mea ʻē aʻe a kau ʻia i loko o nā lua i ka iwi. Hoʻopiha mākou iā ia me ka honua a me ka mulch ma luna me nā mea pono e mālama ai i ka makuku. Ke hele nei i nā kūlana kūlohelohe, hele nā hua o ka nati i nā stratification a me nā pua ikaika i ka pūnāwai.

Hiki ke hoʻokuʻi koke i nā māla o nā mea kanu i kahi paʻa mau, i mua o ka hoʻopili ʻana i ke kumu kumu waena. Hiki iā ʻoe ke waiho i kahi i ka makahiki mua a kanu mau iā ia i ka hāʻule i ka hāʻule o ʻAukake, me ka hoʻopoina ʻole e pōkole i ke kumu kumu. Ke hoʻoikaika nei kēia hana i ka ulu o ka moʻomeheu. Ke kāpae nei i kahi mea kanu pua a hua kanu, pono pono ʻoe e hoʻoholo i kona wahi paʻa.

Hana Hoʻohana Manchurian

Ke hoʻokaʻawale nei i kahi hua huiki a mea kanu paha i hana mau loa ia, e hoʻāʻo e mālama i ka wahi o ka mea kanu liʻiliʻi e pili ana i nā ʻāpana o ka honua, e ʻae i ka wikiwiki o ke aʻa. ʻO Walnut kahi mea kanu aloha-makemake a no laila i ka makahiki mua e mālama mau ʻia ka lepo. Lawe mākou i ka inu wai 2-3 mau manawa i ka malama, me ka hoʻopiha ʻole i ka lepo. No 2-3 mau makahiki, hōʻemi mākou i ka pinepine o ka irrigation i nā manawa 5-7, a i nā makahiki ma hope aʻe e hoʻoili nei mākou i ke kauwela kauwela 1 manawa i kēlā me kēia mahina. Ma hope o ka hoʻohāinu ʻana, pono e hoʻokuʻu ʻia ka lepo, ʻo ka wā e luku ʻia ana i ka nāu, a me ka mulch. I ka makahiki 4, ua pua ka lāʻau a hiki ke hāʻawi i ka hua mua.

I loko o kēia manawa o ka mālama ʻana i nā lāʻau ʻōpio i ka hānai me ka fertilizers o ka phosphorus-potassium, e noi ʻia ke hoʻokahi manawa ma ka mea kanu maikaʻi i ka manawa o ka hua o ka hua (Iune). Hiki iā ʻoe ke hānai i ka superphosphate wale nō, akā e noʻonoʻo ʻoe e hoʻohui i ke aniani o ka lehu lāʻau, loaʻa nā hoʻonohonoho nui o ka macro- a me nā microelement e pono ai no ka hoʻomohala maʻamau o ka moʻomeheu. Pono ke eli i nā lāʻau i kēlā me kēia makahiki ma waho o ka lei. Hoʻomaʻaʻi nā lāʻau lāʻau i nā pōkole pōkole a me nā waʻa nū o ke kumu o ke aʻa. No ka pale i nā lāʻau'ōpiopio mai ka lā, mai hoʻopoina e hoʻomaʻama pinepine i ka ʻōpala a me nā lālā lae me ka puna lime me ka hoʻohui o ka pālolo a me ka pohō. Kuhi ʻia i ka ʻenehana mahi ʻana, ʻaʻole i hoʻopiʻi ʻia nā lāʻau i nā maʻi a me nā pōpoki.

Hoʻolaha kūlohelohe

ʻO ka hulu kalepa kiʻekiʻe a me ke kiʻekiʻe no kekahi hana nui a walnut. I ka ʻōlelo kumu, ʻaʻole pono ʻo Manchurian walnut i kahi hoʻokumu mahiko aliʻi. Hoʻokumu ʻo ia iā ia iho. I kēia hihia, mālama ʻia ka hoʻomaʻemaʻe kino ʻana i ke kakahiaka nui a i ka wā hoʻoilo hoʻoilo, hōʻoki wale i ka maloʻo, nā kālai e ulu ana i loko o ka lālā. Akā ke ulu nei ma kahi liʻiliʻi, pono ʻoe i ke kikowaena o ka mea nona. ʻO kēia ma muli o ka nui o ka lewa ma ka pūnaewele, nā mea kanu e ulu ana ma hope o ka lāʻau walnut.

Inā pono, hoʻomaka ka hoʻokumu ʻana o ka lei e mai ka lua o ke makahiki o ke ola o ka hua pā, a hiki ke mālama ʻia i kēlā me kēia manawa o ka makahiki. Hiki ke hana i ka walnut Manchurian:

e like me ka lae puaa me he puupuu liilii,
e like me ka lānai pahu-ʻalani me ke ʻano lei spherical,
e like me ka ulu lāʻau me nā wahi he nui.

E hoʻoneʻe i kahi kumulāʻau pua, e haʻalele ka hua ʻōpio hope loa i kekahi o nā pua waena i hoʻomohala ʻia, kahi ʻano i like me ka ʻōpala, a hiki i ke kiʻekiʻe 50-80 cm Ma luna o ka lāʻau e hiki mai ana, ua pau nā ʻōpio āpau. A laila kau i nā lālā kuʻuna nui i loko o ka pōʻai a puni ka ʻala ma ka mamao ma kahi like. Pono k branchia peletkuni p Eachkahi me kahi k large nui o ka haʻalele mai ka pupu. E loaʻa iā ʻoe kahi lāʻau sprawling, me nā kumulāʻau pāwili ikaika, kahi alakaʻi alakaʻi a me kahi māka nui. ʻO ka lālā laka ma luna o ke kaiko waena e ʻoki ʻia i ka lālā ʻaoʻao. Hoʻoulu ʻia ka lei i kona ulu ʻana i luna, a waiho i ka lālā ʻeuwa i ka ʻaoʻao e hiki i ka lā ke komo i loko o ka lei.

Inā he liʻiliʻi ka laha o ka pāina a ʻaʻole ʻae i ka hoʻokumu ʻana o kahi kumulāʻau, ma muli o ka lūlū ʻana i nā ʻano o nā mea kanu ʻē aʻe, a laila hiki iā ʻoe ke hāʻawi i ka lāʻau i ka lei pāka pākaʻi hoʻokahi. No kēia mea, ʻokoʻa ka ʻōpala hoʻokahi, i hana ʻia me ke kiʻekiʻe o 1.5-2.0 m, e kāʻei ana i nā ʻōpū āpau ma luna. ʻO luna ʻo ia nā kumulāʻau kōpala, kahi mea e hoʻopiʻi i kahi lei paʻa e ʻike ʻole i nā mea kanu ulu kokoke. Hiki ke ʻoki ʻia i ka ʻano o ka pōpō i kekahi mau kapuai. Ua like ka lāʻau me ka lāʻau nikma me kahi "tassel" o nā lālā ma luna. Loaʻa ke ʻano o ka pōpoki ma ke pōkole o nā lālā haʻahaʻa ma 2/3 o ka lōʻihi. I ke kikowaena o ka pōpō e hiki mai ana, hoʻohaʻahaʻa ka lōʻihi o ka ʻoki i 1/3, a laila i ka iho i lalo o ke poʻo o ka lei. ʻO ke koho lua he ʻoihana ʻē aʻe, no ka mea ʻaʻole ia e huna i nā mea kanu ʻē aʻe.

ʻAʻole kūpono ke ʻano o ka lāʻau ma ka wā e kanu ai a puni ke kelena o ka pūnaewele. Kūkulu ʻia kahi ulu lāʻau me kekahi mau wahi lāʻau, nā lālā kihi o kahi e hoʻomaka ai 40-50 cm mai ka lepo. He kūpono kūpono kēia inā no kekahi mau kumu e make ai ka lei. E hele nā wana ʻōpio mai ke aʻa, a hiki ke hōloi ʻia ka mea kanu, e hāʻawi ana i ka mea kanu hou i ka mea e makemake ai ka lei.