I ka hea e ʻohi ai i nā corms a ma kahi e mālama ai i nā mea kanu?
ʻO ka wā o ka eli ʻana i nā corms ke hilinaʻi nui ma ka manawa o ka pua a me ka ʻoki. No ka hoʻomake ʻana o nā corms a me nā keiki mai ka lā o ka pua a me ka ʻoki ʻana, pono e hala nā lā 30-40 lā. No laila, inā pua nani ka gladiolus a ʻoki ʻia i ka lā 1 ʻAukake, a ma ka lā 1 Kepakemapa hiki iā ia ke ʻeli. Inā nui nā gladioli a hiki ʻole ke hoʻomanaʻo i ka manawa pua o kēlā me kēia, kahi mālama i mālama ʻia a nānā ʻia nā manawa eli o kēlā me kēia mea e like me kā lākou mau moʻolelo. I nā hihia a ʻaʻole e ʻoki ʻia ka gladiolus a noho ka pua i ka mea kanu, ua hoʻopau ʻia nā mea kanu a hoʻihoʻi ʻia ka manawa huluhulu no nā lā 15-20.
Nā puʻu pololo o gladioli.
I ka wahi ʻole-chernozem o Lūkia, ke ulu nui ka gladioli i ka hapalua lua o ʻAukake. No laila, hiki i ka ʻikepili hiki ke hoʻomaka i ka lā 15 Kepakemapa. ʻAʻole maʻa iki kahi maka o ka pōkole ma ke ʻano o ka corm, akā makemake ʻia no ke koho ʻana i ka pēpē, no ka mea ʻaʻole i hoʻokaʻawale ʻia ka pēpē ʻano ʻole i ka corm a koho ʻia me ia. ʻO ka hapanui o ke pēpē i kēia hihia ke kala a hina hina paha. ʻO kahi pēpē ʻono maikaʻi kahi ʻeleʻele ʻeleʻele, paʻakikī i ka wehe ʻana i ke kala o ka lepo, i ka ʻokoʻa, ʻaʻole i pili pū me nā corms. E he mea lā paha e nalowale a pēpē pēpē i ka wā e ʻeli ai a pōkole i ka lepo.
Hoʻopili nā pōpū o gladioli i ka lā aneli. ʻO ka mea mua, koho ʻia nā mea kanu mai nā corm, a ʻo nā hua mua ka mea ma waena o lākou. No ka hana ʻana i kēia, ua ho'āʻo nā māla kime e hoʻokaʻawale i nā mea kanu i ka mea kanu i ka ulu mua i ka wā kaawale mai ka wā ma hope. ʻOi aku ka maʻalahi o ka eli ʻana. Hiki iā ʻoe ke eli me kahi kīkī, akā ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi ma ka lawe ʻana i ʻelua scoops me nā mania paʻa.
ʻO ka pāpale Gladiolus me nā keiki.
Me kahi kahe alaka uahi hoʻokahi, ʻo ke kaʻina hana e like me ka penei:
- ma kahi mamao o 7 cm mai ke kikowaena o nā cadi gladiolus, ua ʻoki ʻia nā scoops i ka ʻāina mai nā ʻaoʻao ʻelua, e ala ana i ka laina holoʻokoʻa;
- hoʻomaka ana mai ka kihi o ka lālani, ʻokiʻoki nā scoops i kahi o 15 cm a e kuʻi i nā mea lima i ka gladioli;
- ma ka pākuʻi ʻana i nā pūlima, nā kihi o nā ʻāpana o nā cadioli me ka pēpē pēpē i ka ʻāina;
- koho i nā corms a me kahi pēpē mai ka lepo a hoʻokomo i loko o kahi mea; ʻo ka pahu paha he sieve, pahu a ihe paha.
Ke kanu ʻia ʻana o ka ʻano like ʻole o ka pā, ua hana ʻia ke kō.
- ʻokiʻoki i ke koʻokoʻo e kokoke ana i corm;
- e kāʻei i nā cā kahiko i ka mea hou ma o ke kī ʻana i ka manamana lima o ka ʻaoʻao ʻākau;
- kōʻili i nā aʻa.
I kekahi manawa ua haki ʻia ka corm kahiko ma hope o ka heʻe pule. Aia ia i nā kūlana no ka hoʻomaloʻo a me nā mākau i hoʻomohala ʻia e ka mea ulu mahina.
Ma hope o ke eli ʻana i nā corms a me ka gladioli pēpē i waiho i kahi sieve no ka holoi ʻana i ka wai. Hoʻokomo ʻia ka mea i holoi ʻia i loko o nā ʻeke, hōʻike ʻia kahi palaka a ʻike ʻia (e ʻike i ka ʻāpana "Hoʻomākaukau o nā kanu kanu").
ʻAʻole pili nā lā hana ʻimi ʻia me ka hoʻopala ʻia o nā corms a me nā pēpē, akā, me ke ʻano o nā mea kanu. Inā ʻōmaʻomaʻo nā mea kanu gladiolus, me nā hōʻailona ʻole o ka maʻi, a laila ʻeli lākou i loko o ka manawa maʻamau. Inā loaʻa nā maʻi maʻamau, a laila e ʻeli mua i mua i mea e hoʻopakele ai i ka hua o nā corms.
Hāpai ʻia o nā gladioliʻO ka palekana o nā corms a me nā keiki i ka wā e waiho ai ka pili me ka hoʻomakeke ʻana ma hope o ka eli ʻana. Inā hāʻule nā corms undercooked i loko o ka hale kūʻai, aia kahi pōʻino o kā lākou hōʻeha e nā maʻi fungal ma lalo o ka inoa inoa "rot". No laila, he mea nui e hoʻomaloʻo i ka ʻeli, holoi a ʻili i nā corms a me ke pēpē gladiolus no ʻelua a ʻekolu mau pule i kahi mahana o 25-30 ° C, a laila he mahina i ka pāmahana lumi. E hoʻomaka i nā mea kīhai e aʻo i ke kānāwai: ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi ke maloʻo maʻa ʻaʻole e maloʻo.
ʻO nā mea kanu mea kanu maikaʻi wale nō i kau ʻia i ka waiho. ʻO nā corms a me nā pēpē gladiolus e nānā pono a hōʻole i nā specimens a me nā hōʻailona o ka maʻi. Inā pālea ka pā nui o nā lau waiwai nui a ke aloha ia i ka hoʻolale ʻana, hiki iā ʻoe ke ʻoki i nā kino maʻi i kahi olakino, e kāhea i nā ʻāpana me "ʻōmaʻomaʻo" a waiho iā lākou i ka waiho.
No ka mālama ʻana i ka papa lalo, ka friji, kahi lumi me ka puka hamama, a me nā mea ma kahi e mālama ai ka mahana i loko o 3-9 ° C. ʻOiai nā hana āpau i lawe ʻia ma mua o ka mālama ʻana no ka mālama ʻana, e hoʻomau ka maʻi ma ke kua ʻana o nā corms a me nā hemahema o nā membrane o ke pēpē. No laila, i ka hana o ka mālama ʻana i ka gladioli e ʻike pono i kēlā me kēia ma nā ʻano mea āpau a hoʻokuʻu i nā specimens maʻi maʻi.
ʻO ka hoʻomākaukau ʻana i nā pōkole gladiolus no ka waiho ʻana.
Pono ka haʻahaʻa o ka lumi i loko o 60%. Inā ʻike ʻole ʻoe i ke ʻano o ka mahana a me ka nāwaliwali, hoʻomaka nā wai pākīkaha e ulu ikaika i ka pae, ʻike ʻia nā pihi. Kāohi i ka hoʻomohala ʻana o nā microorganisms a me nā kīʻaha i kōkua i ke waiho ʻana i ka mālama o nā corms a me nā pēpē i hoʻopili ʻia me nā ʻōpala i kālai ʻia ʻia o ke kāleka, i hoʻololi ʻia me nā mea hou i ka maloʻo.
Nā nīnau nīnau
Hiki paha ke mālama i nā gladioli i loko o kahi hale kūlanakauhale ma nā pukaaniani?
Ka pane. ^ E Ha yM. Hiki inā he palena ʻole ka palena wela ma mua o kekahi mau palena. Eia naʻe, i kekahi mau hihia, palupalu nā ʻōpala a ke kanaka i ka wā e waiho ai, a mālama pono ʻia ke koena a hiki i ka pūnāwai. ʻO ka palupalu ke kīlei ma muli o ka loaʻaʻana o ka mea kanu, kahi i kokoke i kahi kokoke i ke aniani, froze.
No ke aha he wahi nui o ka pēpē nui ʻōpio i pohā?
Ka pane. ^ E Ha yM. Hoʻokomo pinepine ʻia ka pale o ka pēpē mai ka ulu ʻana i ka ulu ʻole, ʻoiai inā hoʻohuihui ka ua a maloʻo ma nā kikowaena nui. ʻO ka hopena, ke kahe ʻana o nā mea ʻala a me ka ʻili, ʻaʻole me ke alo ʻole.
Ke ʻeli nei, nui nā mea maʻi me ke ʻano o nā corms. Hiki iaʻu ke kanu iā lākou no ka makahiki e hiki mai ana?
Ka pane. ^ E Ha yM. Pono e hoʻokaʻawale ʻia nā mea kanu lāʻau. Nā mākeke punahele ʻole, hoʻomaʻemaʻe i nā corms, hoʻāʻo e mālama iā lākou a kanu. Eia naʻe, ʻaʻole e kipi ka mea, a e hoʻopili nā nāwaliwali mai ia manawa, a laila e make nō hoʻi.
E nānā mākou i nā ʻōpala o gladioli no nā hōʻailona o ka maʻi.
Pono anei wau e koho i kahi pēpē me ka diameter o ka liʻiliʻi o ka 5 mm mai ka lepo i ka wā e eli ai?
Ka pane. ^ E Ha yM. Pono ka koho ʻana o ka pēpē piha mai ka lepo, no ka mea inā e uhuki ʻo ia i ka lepo, ʻo ia hoʻi, e ulu hou kahi pēpē liʻiliʻi ma ka makahiki aʻe a maʻemaʻe ka hoʻomaʻemaʻe. Eia kekahi, hāʻawi i kekahi mau ʻano i ka nui o kahi pēpē liʻiliʻi, pono e hoʻohana ʻia no ka pālahalaha wikiwiki o nā ʻano.
Pono e hōʻoki i nā aʻa o nā corms ma hope o ke eli?
Ka pane. ^ E Ha yM. I nā cormous nui, hoʻonui ʻia nā aʻa no ka maʻalahi o ka halihali a me ka mālama ʻana. I nā corms ʻōpio i ulu mai nā keiki, no ka mālama maikaʻi aku, ʻaʻole i ʻike ʻia ka lalo. Hoʻopili iki wale ʻia ko lākou aʻa a waiho ʻia a hiki i ke kō.
Ma hope o ka eli ʻana, ua ʻōlelo ʻia mai ʻaʻole wau e ʻoki i nā lau mai ka gladioli, akā e hoʻopaʻa iā lākou e like me kēia no nā pule he ʻelua. He kūpono paha kēia?
Ka pane. ^ E Ha yM. ʻAʻole, ʻaʻole pololei kēia, no ka mea he nui nā pathogens o nā maʻi gladiolus e hiki i loko o ka corm. Hiki ke hana ʻia kēlā hanana me ka wā i makemake ʻole ʻia, inā he 100% maopopo ʻoe ʻole ʻaʻohe pathogens a me nā pōpoki ma nā lau.
Pehea e pili ai ka hulahuli hope i ka corm?
Ka pane. ^ E Ha yM. Me kahi eli maʻa hope, ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o ka corm, ua loaʻa kahi nui a me ka nui. Ma ka manawa like, ma ka manawa o ka ua hoʻoilo nui, ua hoʻolōʻihi i nā maʻi. No laila, manaʻoʻiʻo nā poʻe loea e ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi e nalowale i ka nui o nā corms, akā lanakila i kāna olakino.
I ka wā maloʻo, ua uhi ʻia nā corms a me ke pēpē me kahi pua hina-ʻōmaʻomaʻo, e like me ka pā. No ke aha lā kēia?
Ka pane. ^ E Ha yM. Hoʻomaopopo kēia hanana i ka wā e hoʻomaloʻo ana i nā corms i kahi lumi palupalu me ka neʻe maikaʻiʻole. ʻO kēia mākeke ka penicillium mycelium.
Pau nā ʻōpala maloʻo ma kahi pālua wela. Ua maloʻo lākou. No ke aha lā kēia?
Ka pane. ^ E Ha yM. Inā he lōʻihi ka wela o ka malo ʻana ma mua o 40 ° C, ua like nā corms me ka hoʻōla ʻia a palulu ʻia.
Hiki i ka pēpē ke mālama ʻia i ʻelua makahiki?
Ka pane. ^ E Ha yM. Hiki ke kākoʻo inā mālama ʻoe i kahi ʻano mālama.
Mālama ʻo ia i nā corms i ka friji o ka brand "Hoarfrost". I ke waena o ka hoʻoilo i nānā aku wau iā lākou - he nui nā palupalu. He aha ke ʻano o ka maʻi i hōʻeha mai i kaʻu corms?
Ka pane. ^ E Ha yM. I loko o ka pahu kime o ka hōʻailona "Hoarfrost" ʻaʻohe hewa o ka hoʻokele maʻalahi. ʻO ke kokoke i kahi pahu manu, he haʻahaʻa loa. ʻO nā corms nā i hōʻalupalu pono. Pono e kiaʻi pinepine i ka mahana ma ka wahi e waiho ai. Inā hāʻule ia i lalo o 3 ° C, pono e hoʻololi ʻia kahi e waiho ai.
E hoʻomoʻala i ke aniani a waiho i loko.
Ma hope o ka hoʻomaloʻo, e kau i nā corms i ka mālama i loko o ka friji. Ma kahi o ʻumi lā a ua nānā wau iā lākou - ua uhi ʻia nā mea a pau me nā wahi brown light. No ke aha kēia mea?
Ka pane. ^ E Ha yM. Hoʻokomo ʻia kāu corms i kahi maʻi i kapa ʻia he palaʻai, a i ʻole botritiosis. ʻO ka maʻi, e neʻe ʻia, i hiki ke wehewehe ʻia e ka ʻike ʻole. Pono e nānā.
Keliʻihi au a maloʻo nā ʻōpala i ulu mai ka pēpē, hoʻomaʻemaʻe i nā ʻāpana a waiho i loko o ka hale hale no ka mālama ʻana. Ua haʻi ʻia iaʻu he hewa. I ka manawa hea e wili ai i nā corms?
Ka pane. ^ E Ha yM. Hoʻokomo ʻia nā huaʻala ma hope o ka eli a me ka hoʻomaloo ʻana i ka waiho ʻana, me ka ʻole o ka hoʻopili ʻana i nā pauna. ʻO kekahi manawa ke lawe wale ʻia nā mea o luna inā inā loaʻa nā hōʻailona o ka maʻi. I ka wā o ka mālama ʻana, e pale nā unahi i nā corms mai ka holoi ʻana a me ka hōʻino ʻana i ka mīkini (ma muli o ka hopena, hiki i nā pathogens ke komo i loko o nā corms). Hoʻomaʻemaʻe nā corms i nā pauna maʻa mau i hoʻokahi a ʻelua mau pule ma mua o ke kanu.
Inā ʻaʻole hoʻomaʻemaʻe maikaʻi ʻia nā corms, a laila hiki i nā pua o nā pathogens a me nā peʻa ke komo i ka lepo me nā mea kaupaona. Eia kekahi, ʻo ka hoʻomaʻemaʻe i nā corms ke hiki ai i ka hoʻohui ʻē aʻe i ka nele o nā maʻi ma kā lākou papa. Inā ʻike ʻia nā maʻi, huehue nā corms a mālama ʻia me nā microelements a me nā mea hoʻouluulu i mua o ke kanu. ʻO nā corms i loaʻa ʻole ma kahi hebedoma ma hope aʻe.
Mea i hoʻohana ʻia: V. A. Lobaznov
