ʻO ka lāʻau ʻo Eutherpa ma waena o nā mea kanu o loko ka mea i manaʻo ʻia he mea ʻilihune, a me kahi mea kanu ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi ma mua o nā hoahānau āpau. ʻIke lākou ia he nui ma o kāna mau huaʻai kūikawā, ka mea maʻamau i kēia lā ma lalo o kā mākou inoa acai berries a hoʻohana nui ʻia i ka lāʻau lapaʻau a me nā mea hoʻonaninani. Akā ʻo ka mea kanu ponoi iā ia iho, kahi e hāʻawi ai iā mākou i nā mea momona maikaʻi a me ke ʻano maikaʻi o ke olakino, kahi i hoʻoulu ʻia ai i loko o Brazil a ua lanakila maoli ʻo ia i nā mea aloha o ka meaʻai maikaʻi a puni ka honua. Ma hope o nā mea a pau, ʻo ia ka ʻike mālamalama o nā lāʻau pāma a pau, me he mea ʻoluʻolu loa, kupaianaha loa, kokoke ʻole he nui ke kaupaona nei, ʻoiai ka nui o kona nui. ʻO ka symmetry kūpono o nā lau, ka mea like me ke kūlohelohe ma muli o nā kahalaha pīhoihoi o ka wai, nā ʻili silhouette ʻokoʻa loa e lilo i mea hana i loko o loko. Hoʻopiha ʻo Euterpa i nā wahi e puni ana me kahi kuʻina kūikawā. A e hoʻokuʻu i kēia lāʻau palemela i ka moʻomeheu pot, ʻaʻole ia he hana maʻalahi. Hoʻohui kūpono i ke ʻano kūikawā o ka eutterpa i kona ʻano helehelena maoli.
Acai, aiʻole ka'āina Euterpe (Euterpe oleracea). © AndreasʻO ka mana pilikino o ka kaao Acai
ʻO Eutherpa no kahi home papa lāʻau i hōʻike ʻia me ka hoʻowahāwahā ʻole ʻia. Ua loaʻa i kēia lāʻau lāʻau pālala he nui loa o nā epithets hanohano - a ʻoi loa ka waiwai, a ka momona, a ʻono hoʻi, a me ka nani, a me ka mōʻīwahine i ka capriciousness ... A ma kēlā me kēia inoa inoa inoa loaʻa kekahi ʻano ʻoiaʻiʻo. ʻO Euterpa kekahi o nā lāʻau pāma loko o ka hale. No nā ʻohana Arekov (Arecaceae) A ʻo kona kūlana no ka mea kanu ʻano moʻolelo, nona nā hua, nā mea nui o nā ʻōpio a ʻo nā lau hoʻi i ʻai ʻia, ke hiki ʻole ke hōʻole ʻia.
Mai ka Palakala a ʻo Paraguay, i kapa ʻia ma ka inoa o nā akua Helene kahiko, ua ʻike ʻia hoʻi ka lāʻau euterpa e nā inoa ʻē aʻe - kāpolo palapa, hua waina ʻo Amazonian, acai a acai paha. ʻAʻole naʻe i hōʻike iki kēia mau inoa i kekahi mau mea hiʻona o ka mea kanu, akā hoʻopiʻi ma luna o nā mea a pau, i ka hemahema o nā ʻāpana like ʻole. ʻAʻole hoʻohana wale nā hua momona i nā mea e inu ai ka Acsai, akā ua ʻōleʻa wale nō nā lau ʻōpio a me nā ʻōpala e like me nā mea kanu, ʻelua a ʻua.
Acai a i ʻole ʻO ka lau lāʻau Eutherpa (Euterpe oleracea) - ke ʻano o ka acai e hoʻohana ʻia ana ma ka moʻomeheu lumi. He lāʻau lāʻau nui kēia, hiki i ka lōʻihi o 35 m. Akā ʻo nā mea kanu kohu ʻaʻole kūpono wale i loko o ka nui o nā mea kanu o loko, akā paʻa nō hoʻi kā lākou pili i ka pilina me ka wā o ka makahiki. ʻAʻole ulu ka Euterpa i luna o 5-6 m a i i nā kūlana kūpono o nā māla botanical. Ma ke kūʻai aku, hōʻike pinepine ʻia e nā ʻano dwarf (no ka laʻana, ka ʻano ka Para Dwarf) me ka kiʻekiʻe o ka 2-3 m.Aa ʻo ke kumu ʻaʻole wale ka nui o ka palma me ka waiwai o ka "scale" maoli. ʻO ke koho e hiki ai i ka hoʻonui i ka huahana a hoʻomaʻamaʻa i ka hōʻiliʻili o nā hua a hōʻemi ʻia i ka nui a hāʻawi i kahi "bonus" maʻamau no nā mea kanu pot - ua hoʻololi ʻia kona ʻano a ʻae ʻia e kiʻi i kahi hiʻohiʻona keu aʻe.
Hōʻike ʻia ka Acai i ka lokomaikai kupaianaha a me ka lewa ea ʻike maka. I ka ʻike o ka palupalu a me ka pohihihi, ʻaʻohe mea ʻē aʻe o ka ʻohana pāma i hiki ke hoʻokūkū me ia. ʻO ke aniani maikaʻi, kūleʻa, pololei a lūlū paha kahi hoʻomaʻamaʻa hoʻomaʻamaʻa ʻia a “prelude” i kahi lei aliʻi. ʻO ka palupalu nāwaliwali, hoʻoneʻe iki wale, pālahalaha a lōʻihi nā lau ʻōmaʻomaʻo o kēia nani i ka kūlohelohe e hiki ke hiki i ka m 3 m diameter. ʻaʻole nunui, ʻoiai ke kī nui loa lākou. Ua hōʻiliʻili ʻia nā lau ma kahi kilia apical nani. I nā kumulāʻau lāʻau ʻōpala, like nā lau mua i ka hana hoʻomākaʻi, he ʻano like lākou, akā, hoʻokuʻu ka mea kanu i ka cirrus vayi maʻamau.
ʻO ka hiki o ka eutterpa e pua i nā kūlana o ka lumi, a ʻoi aku nō hoʻi e hāʻawi i kahi hua kūpono, kānalua. ʻO ka poʻe kūʻai aku i nā hua kanu o kēia lāʻau pāma no ka kanu ʻana i loko o kahi moʻomeheu lumi a me kā lākou ʻāhui e komo ai i ka acai, hōʻoiaʻiʻo ia e hoʻomaka e hua i ka hua inā hiki ke kiʻekiʻe mika. ʻOiaʻiʻo, ke kū ʻole ʻia nei kēia ʻike, no ka mea, ua ʻōlelo nā kuhikuhi i nā pua eutterpa i nā mokupuni wale nō. No laila, hiki ke koho paha i ka pua piha o ka acai (e like me kona hua ʻana) i ka moʻomeheu lumi? ʻO ka paʻakikī ʻana o ka mea: ʻaʻole i ʻae ʻia ka liʻiliʻi o ka mea kanu i ka hoʻoponopono pono ʻana. Akā i ka mea e mahalo mahalo i ka nani o ka acai i kona nani a pau, pono ke kipa ʻana i nā māla botanika. Kohi ʻia i loko o nā lau lealea, ʻulaʻula, hau-keʻokeʻo a melemele paha mau pua i hoʻokumu ʻia i nā pua nani loa e pili ana i "nā kaula" o ka inflorescences. Ke nānā ʻokoʻa nei lākou ma muli o nā palahalaha, hāneʻe like ʻole nā kākiko, ka palapala a me ka lōʻihi. Akā e hoʻomaka ka hōʻike nui i ka wā e hoʻomaka nā hua e ʻoki i nā kaula i like ma kahi o nā pua. ʻEleʻele, ʻona ʻaina, ʻupu hua hua me nā ʻaoʻao i palalaha ʻia me nā hua waina. ʻO kā lākou anamana ma kahi e pili ana 1 cm, i loko he hoʻokahi hua. ʻAʻole lākou e noho paʻa i ka wili a like a me ke ʻano o nā lālani nani o nā beads nui. Hoʻohui nā huaʻai i kēia palemā a me he mea lā e hoʻololi ia. Huaʻa acwarf acai i loko o ka kūlohelohe a hiki lākou i ke kiʻekiʻe o 1 m, a, aia paha, ma lalo o nā kūlana kūpono, hiki ke loaʻa i kā lākou hōʻiliʻili i ka home, akā i kēia manawa i manaʻoʻiʻo ʻaʻohe mea i lanakila.
Acai, aiʻole ka'āina Euterpe (Euterpe oleracea). © vendioKe ulu nei i kahi Acai ma ka home
Ke hoʻoholo nei e kūʻai i kahi eutherp, pono ia e mākaukau no ka mea pono e pono ka mea kanu mālama mālama koʻikoʻi. He manaʻo kuhihewa a he nui i nā manaʻo he nui, ʻo kēia nani a me ka moʻo ʻana o ka moʻomeheu lumi i kaupalena ʻia no ke kiʻekiʻe haʻahaʻa, akā ʻaʻole kēia e lilo i ka papahele a me ka maʻalahi. ʻO ka pilikia nui e ulu ana i ka acai e pili ana, ʻo ka mea mua, me ka koi e hōʻoia i ka haʻahaʻa kiʻekiʻe. Akā ʻaʻole ia e hoʻomaʻemaʻe i ka ʻano aloha o ka mea kanu. He mea paʻakikī loa ia e hāʻawi i nā kūlana e pono ai i ka hoʻoilo, inā ke hoʻohaʻahaʻa i ka manawa hiki ke hoʻowahāwahā i ka pāma. Eia kekahi, ʻaʻole pono nā euterpe, akā pono ka maʻamau, ka manawa pinepine a me ka nui o ka wai, ʻo ia ke kumu e mālama ʻia ai ka ʻoi aku ka paʻakikī. No laila hiki ke kūpono i ka lāʻau pāpaʻi i kekahi o nā mea paʻakikī loa e ulu i nā lālā o nā lāʻau pāma i loko. Hiki ke hāʻawi ʻia i nā māla i ʻike ʻia.
ʻAhu uila
E like me ka nui o nā lāʻau pāma nui e puka mai ana mai ʻAmelika Hema, ʻo ka eutherp kahi mea kanu photophilous. Akā i ka manawa like, ʻo kahi lāʻau pāma, maʻamau i kahi mālamalama kukui ʻē aʻe i loko o ka nahelehele Amazonian, ʻaʻole makemake i ka lā māmā, e weliweli loa iā ia ma nā kūlana o ka lumi. Ke waiho nei lākou i nā kaʻi ʻana o nā lau, kahi hiki ʻole ke ʻoki ʻia. Ke koho ʻana i kahi no acai, pono ʻoe e pani ma nā wahi ākea loa i ka hale me ka laha ʻole a kau i nā ʻāpana kūikawā. ʻOi aku ka maikaʻi o ka euterpe e waiho i kahi pale ʻāpana. Ma muli o ka hiki o nā mea kanu i ka nui nui, waiho ʻia i kahi kokoke i ka puka makani, ʻaʻole hoʻi ma luna o ka windowsill pono, i kūpono lākou no lākou. Hoʻokomoʻo Acai i nā puka makani hema. Inā mākou e kamaʻilio e pili ana i nā mea kanu ʻōpio a i ʻole paha, a laila e kau iā lākou ma nā puka makani hikina a me nā ʻaoʻao komohana.
Hōʻoluʻolu kaʻoluʻolu
Hiki ke hoʻonohonoho ʻia i ka pala kolamu ma waena o nā mea kanu i makemake i ka wela i loko. ʻAʻole makaʻu ke Acai a pau i ke kūlana wela, ʻo ia nō, ke piʻi nei ke ea ma kahi kiʻekiʻe o ke ʻano pāma palma me ka ʻoluʻolu o ka lāʻau. ʻO ka palena ʻona ʻokoʻa no kēia lāʻau i ka wā hoʻoilo he 18 tikelika Celsius wale nō. ʻO ka hoʻohaʻahaʻa i ka ea me ka 16 kiʻekiʻe no kēia lāʻau palma hiki i nā pilikia pilikia me ka hoʻomohala ʻana a me ke olakino o ka mea kanu, a me nā wela o ka mahana 10 wela e hoʻowahāwahā i ka acai. Akā ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o ka euterpa i ka paʻa o nā kūlana. Inā piʻi ka mana o ka ea ma luna o nā 23 kiʻekiʻe, a laila pono ke kūleʻa i nā kūlana wela, hoʻonoho no ka manawa lōʻihi. Pēlā nō, ʻo ka hoʻohaʻahaʻa ʻana i ka mahana i nā 18 kekelē, ʻaʻole pono ia i mau manawa no kekahi mau lā, akā no ka manawa lōʻihi ʻē aʻe. ʻOi aku ka puna o ka palela i nā loli i ka laulima.
ʻO ka punawai a me ka haʻahaʻa
ʻO kēia kekahi o nā mea kanu loko lelo, ʻaʻole i pili i ka hana o ke kūkulu ʻana, akā hele pololei i ka ea lewa i loko o ka lumi. Me nā ʻike o ka eutherp i nā mahana mai 18 a 21 mau kiʻekiʻe, pono nā keʻena pono e pale, ʻaʻole ʻeha, a i nā mea maʻamau ke loli ʻia e ka maʻi ʻana. Akā ke mālama ʻia nei i nā ea kiʻekiʻe, ʻoi aku ka wela, ua makemake kēia lāʻau pāma i ka nui o ka nui o ka lā. Ma kēia hihia, pono ke kumu nui o ka nele o ka panilohi, akā, ʻoi mau ka hoʻokaʻawale substrate laʻa ma mua o nā mea kanu loko kūloko. Ma waena o ka hoʻouluʻana, ʻo ka topsoil wale nō i ka ipu ka mea e maloʻo ai. ʻO ka hoʻomaloʻo ʻana i ka lepo no kēia lāʻau palma hiki ke make. ʻAʻole e alakaʻi wale nō ʻaʻole e lau wale ʻia, akā no ka maloo wale ʻana i ka mea kanu.
ʻAʻole makemake wale ʻo Eutherpa i ka haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa kiʻekiʻe, akā makemake pū hoʻi ia no ke ulu ʻana a me ka ulu ʻana. ʻO kēia kahi o nā lāʻau pāma i mea ʻaʻole e ulu i nā lumi maloʻo. Akā i ka manawa like hiki ke ulu a acai ʻaʻole i loko o nā hale ʻōmaʻomaʻo, e hoʻonui ai i ke anuanu o ka ea, hiki iā ʻoe ke hoʻohana i ka pīpī maʻalahi, a me nā ʻano hana ʻē aʻe. Pono kēia lāʻau lāʻau i nā mea kūikawā e hoʻonui ai i ka hoʻohaʻahaʻa i ke kauwela a i ka wā wela. Akā ke koena o ka makahiki, e nānā mau ʻia nā mea liʻiliʻi no ka eutherp e 70-75%. I ka wā o ka hoʻāʻo, ʻo ia ka mea i hana ʻia i nā manawa he nui i ka lā i kahi wela, he mea nui loa ia e pīpī i ka ʻaoʻao waho a i waho hoʻi o nā lau. Pono e hoʻohui ʻia ka pīpī me ka ʻohi pinepine ʻana o nā lau me kahi ʻōpū pale mako e hōʻehu i ka lepo. Hiki ke hoʻohaʻahaʻa ʻia ka ʻōpio ʻōpio i nā waimaka, i loko o ka wai mahana me ka lei aliʻi, a i ʻole e hana i ka ʻauʻau. Akā no nā pākeke, pono e hoʻokaʻawale ʻia nā kaʻina hana i ka ʻohi wale ʻana i nā lau. Nui ke aloha ʻo Euterpa i ka hoʻonohonoho ʻana i nā mea hana wai maoli - nā pā wai kūikawā a i ʻole nā mea kanu i kanu ʻia nā ipu. I kēia hihia, ʻo ka pili, ʻo ka ipu me ka eutherpa, ʻaʻole pono e paʻi i ka wai o ka wai. Hiki iā ʻoe ke hōʻalo ʻoe iā ʻoe iho i ka hopena o ka holoi ʻana i nā pihi o nā lau a me ka hoʻolalelale ʻana o nā pōpoki ma ka hoʻokomo ʻana i nā humidifiers ʻoihana.
No ka acai, kahi waiwai nui ka maikaʻi o ka wai i hoʻohanaʻia. ʻAʻole pono e leʻaleʻa wale nō, noho i nā lā he nui, akā i ka like me ke keʻena like ʻole me ka lewa i loko o ka lumi a i ʻole ka mea mahana wela.
Acai, aiʻole ka'āina Euterpe (Euterpe oleracea). © Kahele & Kim StarrPalapala Kai Acai
ʻOiai ʻo ka nui o kona nui a me ka ulu ʻana o ka eutterpe, ʻaʻole ia o nā mea kanu e pono maʻamau ka lōʻihi. ʻO kona mau ʻāpanaʻu ʻolo, he lōʻihi loa, ʻaʻole e waiho i ka lepo i ka nui e like me ka pīhoihoi ma mua o ka manawa o ka mahina. I ke kau anuanu, ʻaʻole e pau ka lole hoʻoulu, akā ke hoʻemi ʻia ka nui o nā nīhīpī e 2-3 mau manawa.
Pono e hāʻawi ʻia i nā mea nānā nui. ʻO Eutherpa kekahi o kēlā mau loko o ka lāʻau i hiki ke hānai wale ʻia me nā mania wai. ʻO ka mea hoʻolālā maikaʻi no kēia pāma i loaʻa ai nā hoʻomoʻa kūloko o ka honua no nā mea kanu loko. Hiki ke hoʻohana ʻia nā pālahalaha kūikawā no nā lāʻau pāma, akā ʻoi aku ka nui o nā Acai ma mua o nā ʻano honua. Manaʻo nui ʻo Eutherpa i nā maniua pēpē.
Kālā a me ka substrate
No euterpa, pono e koho i kahi substrate maʻamau no nā lāʻau kūloko a i nā lāʻau pāma. ʻO ka mea nui ʻo ia ka lawa pono o ke olakino, ʻawaʻawa, hoʻopuni a me ka wai-permeable. I ka hoʻopili ʻana iā ʻoe iho i kahi kāwili o ka lepo, ʻo ka koho maʻamau ka ʻāina, ka piha ʻana o 2 mau ʻāpana o ka pālolo-soddy a me ka palapala humus-sheet me ka hapalua like he nui o ka one, pit a me ka manure. Ke loaʻa nei i kahi ākea he nui o nā lako, ua mākaukau ka papa hana mai ka peat, humus a me ka lepo lau me nā pulelā, ka papa niu a me nā pā kī. Hoʻokomo i kahi papa hana i loko o ka papahele no kēia lāʻau ua haki i ka ulana. Kūpono no ka ʻuma a me nā palapala i hoʻomākaukau ʻia no nā lāʻau pāma a i ʻole ka honua honua. Hiki i ka ʻōhumu lepo mai ka 4.5 a i 6.5 pH.
Hoʻohana maoli nā lāʻau o ka manu - e pili ana i nā lāʻau pāma no ka mea ʻaʻole pono lākou i ka hoʻololi. I ka hōʻea ʻana o nā mea kanu i ka nui loa a me ka nui o ka waihona o ka pot, ma kahi o ka hoʻololi no lākou, e kāpae wale i kēlā me kēia makahiki i ka palapala lepo i pāpā ʻia a hoʻonoho iā ia me kahi huaʻai momona hou. Kuhi ʻia nā mea kanu liʻiliʻi ma ke ʻano o nā aʻa o ka honua coma, me ka piʻi o 1 manawa i 1-2 mau makahiki. ʻO ka manawa maikaʻi loa e hoʻoneʻe i ka eutherp ʻaʻole ia ʻo ʻApelila, akā ʻo ʻApelila. I ka manawa like, ʻaʻole acai i hoʻololi, akā hele ka transship, e mālama pono i ka palolo o ka ʻeleʻele wale nō no ka papa o luna o ka lepo. Ma ka lalo o ka pahu no kēia lāʻau palma, e pono e kau i kahi kiʻekiʻe o ke kahe mea hina a palu.
Acai, aiʻole ka'āina Euterpe (Euterpe oleracea). © Kyle WicombʻO nā maʻi a me nā popo
ʻO kekahi o nā hiʻohiʻona maikaʻi o ka eutterpa i ka moʻomeheu lumi o ka pale ʻana i ka maʻi. Me nā ʻike e pololei a me ka nele o ka waterlogging, ʻaʻole ia e hopohopo no nā maʻi maʻi a me nā virus like ʻole.
Akā ʻike pinepine ʻia nā pōpoki ma kēia lāʻau palma. Makemake nā Scaleflies e noho i nā lau paʻakikī, a me ka wehe ʻana i nā iniseti he pilikia pilikia ma ka nui a me ka nui o ka palupalu o nā lau. Noho ka spider mite ma ka euterpe wale nō inā he kalia o ka mālama a me ka haʻalele ʻole o ka pae maʻamau. E pono e hoʻohui pū ʻia nā pale popo ma kēia lāʻau palma me ka hoʻohana ʻana i kahi ala hoʻohui. ʻO ka holoi ʻana i nā lau me ka umauma a me ka wai a me ka mālama ʻana me ka insecticides pono nō me ka hoʻoponopono ʻana i ka mālama a i nā ʻano.
Hoʻohuli a Euterpe
E like me ka nui o nā lāʻau pāma i loko, e hoʻohuli wale a ka poʻe eutherpes i nā hua wale. ʻAʻole kūpono nā ʻano lāʻau launa i kēia mea kanu a ʻaʻole hoʻohana.
ʻOi aku ka liʻiliʻi o nā hua kanu acai ma mua o nā mea kūʻai lāʻau maʻamau, akā i kēia lā ke kaulana nei ka nui o nā mea kanu mea kanu. ʻOiai inā e hoʻokele ʻoe e kiʻi i nā hua liʻiliʻi 1-2 wale nō, hiki iā ʻoe ke manaʻolana i ka kūleʻa i kā lākou ulu ʻana. Akā i ka mea e kiʻi pono ai ʻoe i kāu eutherp mai i nā hua, pono ʻoe e hoʻokūkū i ka mea mua, me ka hoʻomanawanui. Hōʻike ʻia kēia pāma me kahi manawa like ʻole a me ka manawa lōʻihi o ka hiki ʻana i nā hua hua, i hiki ke lawe ʻia mai 3 a 9 mau mahina, e like me nā kūlana a me ka wā o ka hōʻiliʻili, mālama ʻana i ka ea a me nā mea ʻē aʻe. Akā ma kahi ʻē aʻe, nā ʻano dwarf o ka eutherpheus i hōʻike ʻia i loko o ka lumi moe i hiki ke piʻi i kahi kiʻekiʻe mika a ʻoiai maoli i loko o ʻelua a ʻekolu mau makahiki ua lilo i ʻano nani.
ʻAʻole paʻakikī loa ke ʻano o ke kōpili hua. I ka hoʻomaka, pono lākou e hoʻomoʻa i ka wai mahana no ka 1 a i ka 2 mau lā.Ke hoʻohana nei i ka papahele hoʻokaʻawale a momona, ua kanu ʻia nā hua eutherpse 1 cm i loko o ka lepo, a laila ʻike ʻia ka ipu me ka mea kanu i loko o ka keʻokeʻo loa a me ka mahana wela loa me kahi pākeke me ke kokoke i 30 degere Celsius. Hoʻohana ʻia ka hoʻohaʻahaʻa ʻana i ka pō. Me ka mālama maʻamau o ka hoʻomōhulu pono o ka lepo a me ka ea (a lōʻihi ka lōʻihi), hāʻawi ka mea kanu i nā pua ikaika loa, kahi kanu mua ʻia i loko o nā pahu liʻiliʻi liʻiliʻi, a laila, e ulu ana, ua lawe ʻia lākou i nā pā nui.
