ʻO ka manaʻo nui o ka hale ʻaina kauwela he hoʻopiha ʻole ia inā ʻaʻole ia i nani ia me nā ala lāʻau maikaʻi a nani. ʻAʻole wale ka helehelena o ke kaiāulu, akā ʻo ka hoʻonohonoho ʻana o ka hana ʻoihana waiwai ma muli o ka maikaʻi o ko lākou wahi i lawe a maikaʻi ʻia. Hiki ke hana i nā ala ma nā ʻāina a me nā ʻano like ʻole.
ʻO ke koho o nā kumuwaiwai no ke mele ma ka ʻāina
Noho nui nā poʻe noho o ke kauwela: he aha ke ala maikaʻi loa e hana ai i nā ala ma kēia ʻāina. ʻO ka pane i kēia nīnau pili i kona nui a me nā mana o ke kanaka.
ʻOi aku kahi mau mele i hana ʻia mai nā huahana improvised i kahi hiʻohiʻona maikaʻi loa ma mua o nā hana maʻamau i hana ʻia i ka pālima a i ʻole nā konika. Pono ka mālama waiwai ma ka ʻāina. Hiki i nā ʻāpana ʻāina no nā ala ʻāina. Hoʻohana pinepine ʻia nā maʻamau maʻamau maʻamau i hana ʻia no nā hana hana. I kēia mau makahiki, ke hoʻomohala nui nei nā poʻe i nā wīwī paving. ʻO nā mea hoʻohana a pau no kēia kumu e ʻokoʻa i ka kala, ʻ textlelo a me ka hoʻonaninani. ʻO ka pinepine, hana kūʻokoʻa i nā kuʻuna me kahi papili paʻa a i ʻole ʻo ka pani paʻa.
Loaʻa nā ala kiʻi o ka ʻāina me nā ʻano like ʻole. ʻO nā maʻalahi maʻalahi - nā ala kuahiwi i hana ʻia i ke one, pebbles, gravel, brick battle. Hoʻohana kekahi o nā kānaka o ke kauwela i kahi ʻoki lāʻau e hana i kēia huina o ka hale kauwela o ke kauwela, kahi e hāʻawi ai i kahi ʻano hoʻohanina kūikawā.
No kēia hana, hoʻohana wale ʻia nā ʻano lāʻau ikaika i mālama ʻia me nā impregnations kūikawā.
Video: hana i kahi ala hemp
Hiki i ka papa paʻakikī ke hana i ka pila, nā pōhaku kūlohelohe, nā pāpale kila, nā papa wili a i ʻole ka monolithic bete. Hiki i nā hiʻohiʻona ʻano like me ia mau mea, e hāʻawi ai i ka situs i ka hana hoʻoliʻilima. ʻOi aku ka ikaika o kēia mele a ʻoi aku ka lōʻihi ma mua o ka rammed. Hoʻohālikelike ʻia ia me kona ʻano hana pono, akā ʻoi aku ke kumukūʻai ʻoi aku ia ma mua o ka mea i hana ʻia mai nā mea improvised.
ʻO kahi hana koʻikoʻi i ka hoʻokumu ʻana i ke ala ma ka ʻāina me kou mau lima ponoʻī kahi palena. ʻAʻole wale ka hopu wale ʻana i nā palena palena ʻē aʻe, akā pale nō hoʻi i kona mau ʻaoʻao mai ka luku. ʻO ka palena kekahi i hana kūlana. ʻOiai ka mea o ka curbstone he mea makemake ia, ʻaʻole i manaʻo ʻia kona hele ʻana he mandatory. ʻO ka hapanui pinepine ka huina ʻole, ua hana ʻia nā ala ma nā pālima pālua me nā ākea nui ma waena o lākou a me ka pōhaku kūlohelohe me kahi lihi o ka palena.
Me nā uhi o ke one, nā mea ʻōpala, slag, gravel, pono ke palena. ʻO ka hana pono a me ka lōʻihi o ka pālahalaha pālahalaha paʻa i ke kumu pākī. No nā ala kihi, ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi ke koho i nā ʻōpala i hana ʻia i ka bata, nā ʻāpana pōhaku a i ʻole nā ʻili i kau ʻia ma kahi ʻaoʻao.
Ke koho ʻana i nā mea kūpono, hiki iā ʻoe ke hana i kahi ʻōnaehana kūpono o nā kiʻina, i hana ʻia ma ke ʻano like a me ka manaʻo maikaʻi me ka ʻike nui o ka pūnaewele.
- No laila, no ka hoʻolālāʻana o ke kahua i kahi ʻano rustic ka lāʻau kūpono loa.
- Kūpono ka pōhaku kūlohelohe no ka hana ʻana i nā alapiʻi.
- Hoʻohāhā maikaʻi loa ka ʻili me nā kāpili o ia mea. No ka hana ʻana i nā papahele, koho ʻia nā ʻano kūikawā kūpono o ka paving bricks, he makaʻu ʻole i ka mānoʻi a me ke anuanu.
- ʻO ka mālama ʻana i nā pōhaku o nā aniani ʻē aʻe e hiki ai iā ʻoe ke hana i nā hiʻohiʻona kūʻokoʻa.
- ʻO nā ala puʻupuʻu a me nā ʻolihi kahi kūpono loa no ka māla a kokoke i nā loko wai.
I nā makahiki i hala iho nei, loaʻa i ka poʻe ke manawa wale nō e hana i nā ala mai nā monolithic kongkalani, akā e hāʻawi pū ʻia i kahi ʻano kumu. No ka hanaʻana i kēia, e lawa ia e kūʻai i nā paʻi maʻamau o nā ʻano hana like ʻole i loko o kahi hale kūʻai kūikawā e hiki ai iā ʻoe ke hoʻolei i nā mea konkona ponoʻī iā ʻoe iho.
ʻO kekahi mau mea i hoʻohanaʻia no ka hana ʻana i nā ʻanuʻu ua hui pū ʻia me kekahi me kekahi. Hoʻohui maikaʻi ʻia:
- beteli a me nā peʻa;
- nā ʻōpū ma ka lāʻau;
- lahui poli a me nā pōhaku kūlohelohe.
Hoʻolālā i nā ala ʻāina
Ma mua o kou hana ʻana i nā ala i ka ʻāina, pono ʻoe e kahakaha pono i kahi kiʻina a i ʻole ka hoʻolālā ʻana o ka pūnaewele, ka mea e hōʻike ana i nā kuhikuhi i kuhikuhi ʻia e pili ana i nā hale a me nā pae ʻāina a pau.
I kā lākou hoʻolālā e noʻonoʻo i ka nui o ka ua i hāʻule ma kēia wahi. I kekahi manawa pono e hana i kahi ʻōnaehana wai kaʻa a ʻaʻohe palena o ka wai ma ke kahua. Pono e hoʻomanaʻo ʻia ʻo ka nui o ka wai i ka wā kaʻawale wikiwiki ʻana i ka lāʻau wale nō, akā, ʻo nā mea e like me ke konoa a me ka pā.
ʻAʻole pono nā lāʻau nui e ulu kokoke i nā ala, i hiki iā lākou ke luku iā lākou me ko lākou aʻa ikaika. Ke kahakaha ana ke kiʻi o kahi hoʻolālā hou aku, e hoʻomaʻamaʻa ʻia ke kiʻi o ka ʻāina i mea maʻalahi a ʻoi aku ka maʻalahi o ka koho ʻana i kahi punahele i kahi punahele ʻē aʻe paha.
Hoʻohana kūpono ʻia nā ʻano āpau o ka'āina i ʻike ʻia kekahi ʻano ʻenehana o kā lākou waiho. Ua mahele ʻia ka hana a pau i nā hana nui:
- Hoʻomaka ʻāina. I kēia laʻa, me ke kōkua o ke kaula a me nā maniki, ua hōʻailona ʻia nā contours o ke mele. Hoʻopili maikaʻi ʻia nā kihi me nā laina i hōʻike ʻia.
- Me ke kōkua o kahi pola, lawe ʻia ka turf i ka lōʻihi a me ka laulā o ke mele i manaʻo ʻia. Hoʻokuʻu ʻia ka lepo i ka mānoanoa o ke kōhā lau, a ʻokoʻa ka kumu no ka waiho ʻana. Pono ka liʻiliʻi o ka layer kumu ma lalo o 10 cm.
- Hoʻomoʻu ʻia ke one (i kekahi mau gravel) i loko o ka ʻeli a me ka hoʻopiʻi ʻia a hoʻopaʻa ʻia.
- Ua kau ʻia ka pale ma ke one, e mālama pono ana i ka nānā me ke kiʻekiʻe o ke ala.
Hana-hana-ʻo ʻoe iho i kāu ala kālā i ka ʻāina
ʻO ka mea kaulana loa o kēia ʻāina, nā koho koho:
- ʻO kahi ala i hanaʻia i nā pali a iʻa paha. Hāpai koke ʻia lākou, akā i ka manawa like ʻaʻole mau paʻa. Hana ʻia ka lepo i loko o ka ʻōpala me nā herbicides a uhi ʻia me ka polyethylene a i ʻole agrofiber i ʻole nā hua nāu. Ua ninini ʻia kahi nui o nā ʻili a me nā ʻōpala i luna a hoʻāla ʻia ka ʻaoʻao o ke kahua. I mea e hiki ʻole ai i kēia mau mea ka hūʻeha i ka pūnaewele, pono ia e hoʻokumu i kahi palena, no ka laʻana, mai nā ʻāpana a me nā piliki.
- ʻO kahi ala i hana ʻia i nā lāʻau ʻokiʻoki. E hana iā ia, he kūpono nā ʻāpana a me nā lālā paʻapū o nā lāʻau lāʻau ʻāʻapa. Ua ʻoki ʻia lākou i loko o nā pōʻai. Pono e keu aku ka mānoanoa o nā lako i kahi o 10 cm. Hoʻohana ʻia nā ʻoki maloʻo i kapa ʻia me ka aila maloʻo wela, kahi i kālai ʻia me ka palaki ma luna o ka ʻili holoʻokoʻa. Ma hope o ka maloʻo ʻana o ka impregnation, hoʻōla ka hana. Ma kahi kīkaha laʻa i hoʻomākaukau mua ʻia ai e waiho i kahi kiʻi plastik. Ua kau ʻia nā hiʻi ʻana me ia me kahi hana moʻo a kau iā lākou. Uhe ʻia nā puka āpau ma waena o lākou e uhi ʻia me nā ʻōpala, ke one a me ka lepo.
- Hiki ke hana ʻia kahi haleʻaina ma kahi wale mai i nā mea i kūʻai ʻia ʻia, akā mai nā mea i loaʻa i ka aneane ʻāina. Ke koho nei i nā mea, pono e hāʻawi i kēlā pōhaku i ka pae pākahi. Ma lalo o kēlā kapa puho, pono ka hohonu o ka ʻōpuni a ma kahi o 20 cm. ʻO ka pōhaku maʻa (10 cm) e ninini ʻia ma lalo. Hoʻopili ʻia, a hoʻāhu ʻia ka pā (10 cm) ma luna a pāle hou. Ua kau ʻia nā pōhaku ma ka uluna pōhaku keʻokeʻo i hoʻomākaukau ʻia. E hoʻopiha i nā puka i waena o lākou, ua ninini ʻia ke one mai luna aʻe a piha nā kīʻaha i piha iā ia. I ke pae hope, hoʻopaʻa pono ʻia ka papa i ka wai. Pono paha e hoʻopiha hou i nā puka i waena o nā pōhaku me ke one.
- Ke alaloa. ʻO kēia koho kekahi o ka mea maikaʻi loa. ʻO ka hohonu o ka ʻāpana o ia ʻano mea e pono ai he 20-25 cm. Hana ʻia kahi uluna one-one ma ke ala like ma lalo o ke ala pōhaku. ʻO ka mālama ʻana i nā pōhaku me ka mānoanoa o nā mea he 60 mm e protrude ma luna o ka lepo. ʻO kēlā ala kahi e hana maikaʻi loa me nā palena. Mālama ʻia nā pōhaku i hoʻopaʻa ʻia ma luna o kahi kumu pālua paʻa kekahi me kekahi. I kēia hihia, hiki i ke kumu hoʻohālike ke ʻokoʻa. Ke kau nei, ʻaʻole hiki iā ʻoe ke hoʻohana i nā kālai wai me nā hōʻailona o ka mare ʻana, no ka mea e lilo koke ia i mea waiwai ʻole.
- Hana ʻia ke ala i nā pohō. Hana ʻia ia e like me ke kumu kumuhana like me ke ala pavers. Hoʻohana ʻia ka mea e pili ana i ka ʻaoʻao ma ke kihi e like me kahi palena. ʻO kaʻili nani ʻo ka lawe ʻana o nā pilima o nā aniani.
Leki paʻa (wikiō):
Kukulu aiona
ʻO nā ala dacha konkela monolithic kaulana e kaulana mau nei. Kūkulu ʻia kā lākou hana ʻana i ka nui o ka sima, ke one a me ke one. Akā kūleʻa a kūpono hoʻi. Ke hoʻokomo nei iā lākou, pono e hoʻomanaʻo kahi lula: ʻoi aku ka nui o ka sima. No nā mele, ʻoi ka mana o nā ʻōhua like ʻole.
- sima - 1 ʻāpana;
- ulana pōpoki - 3 ʻāpana;
- one - 2 mau ʻāpana.
I mea e ala ai kahi ala aʻe ma luna o ka lepo ma lalo iho, pono ia e hana i nā ʻano hana mai nā papa. Ma ka ʻaoʻao o lalo o ka ʻeli e kau ai i nā pōhaku, he kaua kaomi a i ʻole nā mea pāhoʻi i kūkulu ʻia. Hāʻawi ʻia ka mea hoʻonā i ka formwork a hoʻā ʻia ʻia kona ʻaoʻao. Hiki ke hoʻokaʻawale ʻia ka lāʻau me nā ʻila, nā moʻo, a i ʻole nā pōhaku nani i hoʻopaʻa ʻia i loko o kahi kaena i haki ʻia.
Nā ʻāpana papa
Kipa kaulana loa i hana ʻia i nā papa palahalaha o nā ʻano like ʻole. He mea maʻalahi lākou e hoʻopili a ʻike ʻia e ko lākou lei. Hoʻonohonoho ʻia kahi ʻāpana ʻāina ma lalo o lākou. ʻO ke ala'āina mai kahi pahu o 50x50 a i ʻole 40x40 cm ka mea, he nani ka mea, ʻaʻole ia e kau i kahi nui a he mea nui loa. Ke hoʻohana ʻana i nā kaila liʻiliʻi, hiki iā ʻoe ke hana i nā koho ʻē aʻe no ka mālama ʻana i nā hiʻohiʻona. Hiki ke waiho ʻia ma kahi kokoke i kekahi a i kekahi mau manawa, i uhi ʻia i ka pōhaku maikaʻi a lepo paha. Hiki iā lākou ke kanu me ka mauʻu.
