"He manawa kaumaha! He mau maka mai nā maka!" ... Ke kāohi ʻia nei a me ka palake mai nā ʻaoʻao a pau. Hoʻokahi wale nō kumu - ragweed, ʻike ʻia ma ka palapala ma ke ʻano he ʻai ʻokoʻa a nā akua, pua. Kapa aku nā poʻe kamaʻāina o nā ʻāina he nui ka lepo o ka diabolo. He aha kēia lāʻau i lilo i mea ino a ka lehulehu, pehea i loaʻa ai iā mākou, a hiki paha ke hoʻokō maikaʻi me ia? E ʻike i nā pane i nā nīnau a e hana pū i kahi hoʻolālā hana, no ka mea ʻaʻole hiki i ka ambrosia wale nō ke lilo ʻole ʻia! ʻO kēia ka mea mua e hoʻomanaʻo e pili ana i kēia ʻano lau.
Awasala - Ambrosia! Pehea e luku ai i ka lāʻau hanohano e pono ai?
No ke aha ka mea i pōʻino ai ka kanaka i nā kānaka?
ʻOi aku ma kahi o ka 80% o ka heluna o ka lehulehu i hiki i nā maʻi alia, a me ka wahi i waena o nā mālamalama kumu o nā maʻi kūlohelohe ua ragweed.
Hiki i nā maʻi āpau i nā pākeke a me nā keiki ke hele koke i ka manawa, akā i kekahi manawa he "hōʻemi" ka "hōʻiliʻili" i nā manawa (a hiki i 2 mau makahiki), a hiki i ke ʻano maʻi pāpaʻi nui e pili koke ana, e alakaʻi ana i ka hānō. Ua hiki mai ia iaʻu: mau makahiki 2 mau hakakā me ka lāʻau ʻōpala i ka'āina - me ka loaʻa ʻole o nā hopena olakino, a ma ka 3 - ʻo ke ʻano nui loa o ka hānō. I ka makahiki 3, ua maʻi pū kekahi kāne a me kahi aloha ma ka ʻāina.
He aha ka pilikia kūikawā o ka uwō? ʻO nā polikika he mikroskopis o ka pollen lehwe e hoʻoulu i ka wikiwiki, akā, e ʻike ʻia kahi haki i loko o ke ʻano kumu o ke kino e hōʻola pono ai nā mea āpau. Aia he 25 mau lua o ka punela ikaika i ka 1 cubic mika o ka hau e hoʻoulu ai i ka huakaʻi allergy (kūmohiki ākea, lacrimation, ihu runny, etc.). Hāʻawi ʻia i kekahi mea kanu i hoʻokahi miliona miliona o nā hae pollen, hiki ke hoʻohālikelike ʻia ka pohō i ka olakino ākea me kahi pōʻino honua.
Hiki i kekahi kanaka olakino ke hele a kūlohelohe i loko o kekahi mau lā inā ke piha ka hau i ka polen mai nā mea kanu puaʻa. A o kēia ʻano o ka maʻi pāpaona e hiki ke hoʻomālamalama ʻia.
ʻIikepili no ka noʻonoʻo! Mai 2000 a i waena oʻAukake, ma Moscow a me ka'āina, ua hōʻike ʻia kahi kiʻekiʻe o ka hae hae i loko o ka lewa i ka nui o 8-15 mau hae hae hae. I kahi kanaka me ka emi ʻana o ka pale kino, ke hoʻomaka nei ka hōʻikeʻana i nā maʻi pākuhi me ke kahe ʻana o ka mau lua pollen 4 i ka 1 cube. m. area.
Hiki i kekahi kanaka olakino ke hele a kūlohelohe i loko o kekahi mau lā inā ke piha ka hau i ka polen mai nā mea kanu puaʻa.
ʻAmia Kūʻai
ʻAʻole ka hopena o ka pōʻino o ka ragweed e hoʻonāukiuki i nā pilikia nui i ke kanaka. Ua kiʻekiʻe loa kona olakino hiki iā ia ke hoʻololi i ka lepo i loko o ka ʻāina pāpaona ʻaʻole kūpono no ka ulu ʻana i nā mea kanu ʻē aʻe.
Wahi a nā hoʻokolohua hoʻokolohua hoʻokolohua, ʻo ragweed e hana i ka 1 kg o kāna lāʻau maloʻo pono ʻia e pili ana i 1 mau wai o, 1.5 kg o ka phosphorus a hiki i 16 kg o ka hauole mai ka lepo a me nā mea kanu. ʻO ka wikiwiki e ulu nei ka mea ulu i ka lā. ʻO kahi pālahalaha pōmaikaʻi, kahi "hānai pōloli" o nā mālamaʻai e hoʻohaʻahaʻa i ka hoʻoulu a me ke ʻano o nā mea kanu me nā ʻano, nā hui like, a me ka "make" hua ʻai, kanu i nā mea kanu. ʻO 1-2 mau pōpō liʻiliʻi i ka wā mahana e hiki ke ulu a hiki i 3 -4-mika o ka umu.
I ka ʻai ʻana o ka holoholona lactating i ka pua puaʻa, waiū a me nā huahana mai loko mai o ka loaʻa ʻana o ka mea ʻala ʻono, kahi ʻawaʻawa.
Mai luna o ka ʻikepili puʻupuʻu i luna "loiloi" ka ʻenemi, i pili i ka hoʻopau ʻana. E ʻike ma kahi i hele mai ai ka lapalapa i ko mākou ʻāina.
No hea hea hea ʻoe?
No ka hui ʻo Ambrosia ka pūʻulu o nā mea kanu hoʻokomo. ʻO ka ʻāina maoli o kēia ʻelele o nā mea kanu manu ʻo ʻAmelika ʻAmelika. I ka hiki ʻana me ka lawe ʻana mai o nā huahana mahiʻai ʻAmelika iā ʻEulopa i ka makahiki 1873 me nā hua ʻulaʻula ulaula, hoʻomaka ka puaʻa i kahi lanakila lanakila a me ka poʻokela ma nā ʻāina o ka konupepa Euro-ʻAmelika.
ʻO ka poli Ambrosia he nui ka manawa ma mua o nā hua poppy. Me kahi makani maikaʻi, lanakila ia i ka mamao mai nā kūkulu hema i Moscow i kekahi mau lā. I ke anuanu, mālie ke kau ʻana, e lawe ana iā ia i ke kmāmika mai kahi o ka ulu. Ma muli o ka pālahalaha ʻana i ʻoi aku ma mua o 100 mau makahiki, ʻo kāna wahi hopu i ka kaona o Euro-ʻĀpelika he nui a ʻoi aku ma mua o 5 miliona mau ʻeka.
I ka 1914, ua loaʻa mua ka ragweed i Ukraine. Me ka keu o nā ʻenemi kūlohelohe ma ka ʻāina i waena o nā mea kanu a me nā mea inikini, ma nā wahi hou i wanna ka nui i ka ʻāhewa ʻole e kūʻē i kona hoʻolaha a hopu i nā wahi hou. I Lūkini, hele mua ka ragweed ma nā ʻaoʻao hema (Krasnodar Territory), ke anuanu e pili ana i nā ʻōlima o nā weuweu i loko o kona ʻāina home a ke neʻe nei ka neʻe i ka ʻākau a me ka hikina, me nā wahi o ka Far East.
Ma Lūkia, ua ʻūwili ʻia ʻo Raki ma lalo o ke ʻano kūlohelohe i nā wahi a pau o ke kahe, i ka ʻāina ʻeleʻele, ka ʻāina Volga, a me Caucasus, nā ʻaoʻao hema o ka Far East, Moscow Reka a neʻe ikaika nei i ka ʻākau a me ka hikina, me ka hana maʻalahi iā lākou i ke ʻano o kēia mau ʻāina.
Leafwort Ambrosia (Ambrosia artemisiifolia L., 1753).
Holrosametal ambrosia (Ambrosia psilostachya DC).
Ekolu ʻāpana Ambrosia (Ambrosia trifida L.).
Ua pau anei nā ʻano pāhāhina e luku ʻia?
Ambrosia i ʻohana astrov (Aste-ra-ceae) kau ʻia i kahi kaʻawale ʻōiwi ʻAmelia (Ambrosia).
Hoʻokomo ka huaʻai i nā mea he 50 o nā mea kanu hoʻokahi a i ʻole, akā ma ka Euro-ʻAmelika Hui Pū ʻIa, e komo pū ana me Rūsia, aia nā 3 nui o nā mea i pollen e pili ana i ke ola o ke kanaka.
- Leaf Ambrosia (Ambrosia artemisiifolia L., 1753);
- Ekolu ʻāpana Ambrosia (Ambrosia trifida L.);
- Puʻulu ʻia ʻo Holosome (Ambrosia psilostachya DC).
ʻO nā mea āpau a lākou e hoʻopiʻi ai i ka maʻi pāloli, kahi mauʻahele a ka mea make a hoʻopilikia ʻia. Akā ʻo nā hua mua o ka ratweed he mau lau no ia mau makahiki a, ma ka laulā, ʻoi aku ka maʻalahi ma ka mālama ʻana iā lākou, a ʻo ke kolu o ke ʻano he neʻoneʻa, nona ka hoʻoilo i ka hoʻoilo i ka ʻāina a i ka wā i ʻoki ʻia, nā kihi āpau ke kūkulu i kahi kanu hou.
Ua ʻoi ʻia ka mea like ʻole o nā ola i ke ʻano o ke ola hou, a ʻo ia nō ke komo nui o nā pae hou. ʻO ka paepae anuʻo ambrosia he 1-2 mau mea kanu ma kēlā me kēia square square. m square.
ʻO kahi wehewehe Botanical o nā umauma lehu
Leaf Ambrosia - ka umauma kūloko, kūwaliwali kūlohelohe. Mālama i ka hiki ke hoʻoponopono hou ma hope o 4-5 mowing. Hoʻomaka ka manawa ulu me ka mahana i ka lewa i ka 6 ... +10 ° C a kū a hiki i ka hau kō. Kūkulu i kahi mokulele aerial mai 0.2-0.3 a i ka 2.5 m kiʻekiʻe.
Hoʻomaka ka aʻa i ka hohonu i loko o ka 1-4 m. I loko o 2 mau mahina, hohonu ka aʻa i 1 m. ʻO ke kāwili o ka lapoʻa he pololei, ʻōmaʻomaʻo mau ia me nā ʻāpana liʻiliʻi, pubescent. Kūleʻa maikaʻi nā lālā.
E makaʻala! Hoʻomoe maikaʻi ʻole ka lūlū ʻana o ka nui o ka ea i ka hoʻonui ʻana i ka ulu o ka hua i ka wā o ka regrowth.
ʻO nā lau ʻeleʻele o ka ʻōmaʻomaʻo o nā ʻano ʻelua. Kiʻi - me kahi ʻāpana lau piha paʻa, pōkole. ʻO nā mea kanu ʻōpio kahi aneane sessile. ʻO nā lau lalo i papalua ia i ka pinnate, hoʻokaʻawale ʻia i nā lau lōʻihi. ʻO ka ʻaoʻao o luna o ka lau o ka lau me ka ʻole o ka popescence, ka lalo haʻahaʻa, i uhi ʻia me ka fluff light, e hāʻawi ana i ka pale i kahi hina hina.
I ka hiʻohiʻona, ua like ka nui o nā mea kanu lāʻau me nā lāʻau ulu a pau a me nā mea ʻole ʻole o ka māla, ʻike pinepine ka mea kanu. Kōkua i ka wehe ʻana i nā mea kanu e ko lākou mea ʻala. He ʻawaʻawa ʻawaʻawa nui o Wormwood, a ʻo ka ʻāweʻa ka iwi o kahi wormwood-musty, ʻona, kokoke i ka ʻāina.
Ma hope o 2 mau mahina mai ka ʻike ʻana o nā mea kanu, hoʻomaka ka ragweed e pua. Hoʻomaʻa ka pua a 2-3 mau mahina. Nā pua puaʻeʻilihune, liʻiliʻi, ʻelima mau inoa. Wahi a ke kala o ka corolla, aia nā pua mai ka ʻōmaʻomaʻo, hina i ka melemele.
ʻO nā ʻōpala kāne kāne wahine a me nā ʻikepili manu i ʻohi ʻia i loko o nā hīnaʻi kūʻokoʻa Kohi ʻia nā pua stamen i loko o nā hīnaʻi o 5 mau pua melemele, i hana ʻia i loko o nā pua spike i loaʻa i nā kihi o nā kumu lāʻau. Hoʻokahi puaʻa ka wahine o nā wāhine. ʻOhi i nā hinaʻi liʻiliʻi 2-3. Aia lākou ma ka kumu o nā inflorescences kāne, i kekahi manawa i loko o nā koi o nā lau apical. He lōʻihi ka pua a lōʻihi mai Iune a ʻOkakopa, ma muli o ka ʻāina. ʻO ke anuanu maikaʻi loa no ka pua a me kona lōʻihi ʻo + 22 ... +24 ° C. I ka wā kanu, ulu nā mea kanu i ka nui o ka pollen allergenic, aia kahi ragweed. ʻO ka nui o ka hua poli he mau manawa liʻiliʻi i ka hua poppy.
Nā huaʻai o ka ragweed - nā achenes o ka obovate a i ʻole nā lau ia, nā kala hina-ʻōmaʻomaʻo me nā 4-6 spines. Hoʻalaʻa ʻia nā hua ma mua o ʻAiukake. ʻO hoʻokahi mea kanu i ka wā ulu e puka mai ana mai 25 a 150 tausani mau hua. Hāpai ʻia nā mea kanu ʻole (ʻo ka ulu ʻana o ka waiū) a me ka hiki ke kō. I ka manawa o ka topsoil (4-5 cm), hiki iā lākou ke ulu a ulu a i nā hua i ka makahiki aʻe. ʻAʻole kanu nā hua i hāʻule i loko o ke layer he 10-15 cm, akā e noho mau i ka lōʻihi a hiki i 40 mau makahiki a ma lalo o nā kūlana kūpono e ulu aʻe a hoʻomaka mua e hoʻomohala.
ʻOkoʻa ʻo ʻAbrosia trifid a me holobellate i ka ʻōpala ma o nā ʻokoʻa kaʻokoʻa o ke kaila waho. I tripartite, ʻaʻole e like me ka lāʻau o ka lau, ʻo ka lau o ka lau he 3-5 ka mahele. ʻOʻekolu mau wahi ʻo ʻAmbrosia e hoʻopili pinepine i nā mea kanu hua ʻai, mea hana momona, makemake nui i nā mea ulu a ulu i nā ʻāina ulu.
I kahi holwe hololtaceous, hana ʻia kahi rhizome i lalo me nā kumu subordinate e hoʻomōhala ana i ka ulu ʻana i ka lepo a hoʻomaka i nā mea kanu i ka pūnāwai. I ka wā i mahele i nā ʻāpana, hana kēlā me kēia mahele i kahi mea kanu.
Nā kiki o ka ragweed 40 mau makahiki e mālama i ka ulu kūlike.
Nā Mana Mōʻalima Ambrosia
ʻO ka paʻakikī o ka hakakā ʻana
I ke ola o ke ola, ua hoʻomohala ʻo ragweed i nā waiwai kūʻokoʻa e kōkua ai e ola i ka paio no ka noho ʻana:
- hamweed ka hua helu he nui loa o nā hua e waiho mau ai a hiki i 40 mau makahiki, a i kēlā me kēia manawa o ka ulu ʻana mai ka waiū a piha;
- Hoʻomaka ʻo Ambrosia ma ka lūlū ʻana iho a me nā hua ʻai wale nō e pono ai kahi hoʻomaha hoʻomaha o 4 a 6 mau mahina, loaʻa ia e ka wā lūlū me ke kāwili ʻana o ke kō. I nā makahiki e hiki mai ana, i ka wā e komo ai i nā kūlana kūlohelohe e kū pono ana, e kū hou a holomua;
- ka pono kīlohelo ʻole o ka holwe (ʻoi aku ma mua o ka aʻa kumu) i ka wā ulu e loaʻa i ka ulu nui a me ka hōʻiliʻili o ka nui o ka ea;
- komo hohonu i ke kumu kumu o ka ragweed - kahi pā i nui e hāʻawi ai i ka mea kanu me ka makuhua a me nā mea momona;
- hānai ka wikiwiki o ka biomass i ka ulu ʻana o nā mea kanu ʻē aʻe, a kahi "pōʻai pōloli" mau mea kanu me nā pono ʻole o ka lā i ka wā pōkole e luku iā lākou.
ʻO Ambrosia kahi ulia pōpilikia ʻo ia no ka hakakā ʻana no kona luku piha pono ʻana e hoʻopili i ka luku kino ʻana, a me ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā mea kanu (ʻo ia ka mea e pono ʻole ai i nā dachas a me nā wahi e pili ana) a me ka luku mua ʻana o ka ola.
Hiki ke hoʻokaʻawale i nā ʻano o ke hoʻoulu ʻana i ka ragweed i kekahi mau ʻano:
- make kino;
- nā hana agrotechnical;
- ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā mea kemikeke.
ʻO ka luku piha ʻana i ka ragweed
ʻO ke ala ʻae maʻamau a maʻamau no nā keʻena kauwela a me nā palena ākea ʻaʻano lima. ^ E Ha yM. Ka luku ʻana i ka manu ʻoi ʻia, kahi e hoʻokaʻawale ʻia ai me ke aʻa āpau (inā ʻaʻole mau ka palupalu, akā, nā mea kanu kaawale).
ʻO ka lawaiʻa lehulehu. ^ E Ha yM. Me nā pipiʻōpiopio 1-2-lip, ʻo nā hua kanu ʻōpio mai 5 a 20 paha mau lālā ʻōpio. E hoʻohiolo i ka weed, pono ʻoe e hoʻokau ma kahi o 5-6 mowing. Kaʻu ʻōpiopio ʻōpiopio i ka wā o ka hoʻomaka a i ʻole (ma nā hihia koʻikoʻi) ka nui o ka pihi ulu. ʻAʻole loaʻa i nā mea kanu i ka manawa e hoʻopu ai i nā hua, ʻoiai inā hiki ʻole ke ulu ʻia ka mana e hiki ke ulu aʻe. Hoʻopau mau ia ka mea kanu make a make me ka hoʻomaka ʻana o ka ua anu.
ʻO ka ʻoki ʻokiʻoki. ^ E Ha yM. Inā kanu ʻia ka mea kanu ma luna o ka ʻāʻī aʻa (kahi i waiho ai ke aʻa i ke kumu), a laila hoʻomaka ka ʻōpio ʻōpiopio ma ka ʻāpana o ka lālā, a hoʻomohala maikaʻi ka mea kanu, a ua kulu ʻia mai nā lā mua o kahi ola hou. Inā ʻoe e ʻoki i ka papa o ke aʻa, a laila palekana ke koena "hana", e hāʻawi ana i ka lāʻau i ka wai a me nā mea momona. Ka ʻokiʻoki ʻana i ka iʻa aʻa o ka ragweed e ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi me ka hoe, akā hiki ke hoʻohana pū i kahi mea hoʻohana lima. Me ka hoʻokomo pololei o kēia kaʻina hana, hiki ke hoʻemi ʻia ka nui o nā lāʻau lapaʻau i 3 i kēlā me kēia kau.
Hoʻohui maikaʻi wai a hoʻomake mākou i ka leʻa ma ke kaula keʻokeʻo a i ʻole ka lau lau ʻeleʻele mua.
ʻO nā ala Agrotechnical no ka luku ʻia o ka ragweed
ʻO ke ala maikaʻi ʻo ka agrotechnical maikaʻi loa no ka luku ʻia ʻana o ka ratweed ma ka pae.
Pahu ʻo nā ʻenehana nā pūnaewele manuahi a pau, e pili pū ana me ka māla a me nā berry, nā ʻāpana palani. Hiki iā ʻoe ke hoʻohana i kahi kāwili o ka cereal a me ka pope pālua, foxtail, alfalfa, fescue, pua aʻa ʻole, ʻōpala huehue, sainfoin, etc. Aheʻe mauʻu mau i ka mauʻu he mau makahiki. Hoʻopili ʻia nā papa hana i kūlohelohe me kahi hāwā pīkī i ka wahi o ka lehulā, a ʻo ka mālama ʻana i ka mauʻu mauʻu he ʻoi aku ka maʻalahi ma mua o ka hakakā kūloko ʻana me ka lāʻau "pipi".
Loaʻa ka hopena maikaʻi hapalua māhu moku hoʻomākaukaume ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka siderates. No ka laʻana, ʻo Sarepta mustard (Southern Scientific Center o ka Russian Academy of Science) i hoʻopiha i nā māla o ka weed.
Ponoia pololei ka ʻōwili ʻana i nā hua ʻai i ka wā o ka hōʻiliʻili hua a hoʻokō i nā koi a pau o ke ʻenehana ʻoihana mahiʻai, e hoʻohaʻahaʻa i nā mea kanu o ka pua huakaʻi, a me ka ragweed.
Nā meaʻala no ka luku ʻana i ka ragweed
ʻO ke ala wīwīwī e ʻoi loa e pepehi i ka ragweed me nā mea kanu. ʻO kēia manawa hou, ua hoʻopiha hou ka mākeke me nā mea kanu hou, nā mea, me ka luku ʻana i nā nāhelehele, ua pau nāu iā lākou iho i ka lepo i kahi manawa pōkole ma mua o nā pūlū palekana no ka flora a me ka manu. ʻO kēlā mau mea like me AmbroMag, Tornado, Hurricane Forte, Roundup, etc.
E ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā mea kanu lāʻau ma nā wahi me nā ratweed a me nā lāʻau ʻē aʻe ma waho o ke kūloko - ma ke alanui, nā ʻāina i haʻalele ʻia, nā wahi noho ʻole, etc. Pono ʻia nā ʻano kākela i laila e wao i ka pālahalaha ʻana o nā hua ragweed.
E hoʻomanaʻo! Aia i nā wahi o nā kauā, nā ʻāpana ʻai, ʻoiai ma ka ʻāina, ua pāpā ʻia ka hoʻohana ʻana o nā mea ʻona.
Ke hoʻohana nei i nā herbicides, e makaʻala a makaʻala loa, e hahai i nā koi a pau ma ka pepa a i ʻole nā ʻōlelo aʻoaʻo ʻē aʻe ʻē aʻe. Mai poina e pili ana i nā hana maʻemaʻe o ka palekana pono.
E Ka Heluhelu Aloha! Manaʻo mākou e ʻae kā mākou ʻatikala e mahalo iā ʻoe i ka insidiousness o ka ratweed, a me nā hana i manaʻo ʻia no kona luku ʻia e hāʻawi i ka hopena i makemake ʻia. ʻAʻohe kanalua o kēlā a me kēia mea i hoʻomohala a hoʻohana i kāna ʻano ponoʻī o ka pulupulu i ʻole pono ʻole ʻoe e hōʻino iā ʻoe iho a me kou ʻohana, lepo a kanu i nā mea kanu. E kaʻana like i kāu mau mea huna iā mākou, nāna e kōkua i ka hoʻomohala hou i nā ʻenehana hou hou a me ka hoʻokuʻu ʻana i kā mākou ʻāina o nā ʻehā pili kino.
