ʻO Echinacea (Echinacea) kahi inoa pua hakahaka ʻo ia no ka ʻohana Asteraceae, a i ʻole Asters. Hoʻohui kēia ʻano holoholona i nā ʻano he 9. ʻO ka wahi kihi o ia mea kanu ka māhele hikina o ʻAmelika Hema. ʻO ka inoa "Echinacea" mai unuhi Helene kahi "hedgehog, a prickly paha, me he hedgehog." ʻO nā mea ʻenehana nui loa ʻo ia ʻo Echinacea purpurea, a i ʻole Rudbeccia purpurea, ua hoʻohana nui ʻia kēia lāʻau i nā lāʻau lapaʻau e koho ai me ka lapaʻau, a me nā māla ʻalani. Ua hōʻike mua ʻo K. Linney i ka makahiki 1753 i ia mea kanu, aʻo ia mea i pili i ka genus Rudbeck. Eia naʻe, kanahā mau makahiki ma hope aku, ua hoʻokaʻawale ʻia ʻo Echinacea i kahi ʻano ʻē, ʻoiai ua loaʻa nā hopena koʻikoʻi ma waena o kēia mau mea kanu.
ʻO nā hiʻohiʻona o ka Echinacea
ʻO Echinacea kahi pua honu huipū he make i ka makahiki. ʻO ke kiʻekiʻe o nā pua ʻalopona e pili ana i 100-150 cm. Ua pālahalaha loa nā papa lau basal a ākea hoʻi ka pālahalaha, ua pihi ʻia ko lākou ʻaoʻao, ua kau ʻia ma nā petioles lōʻihi loa. Loaʻa nā papa lau o ka hua lāʻau, kokoke i ke sessile a i ʻole ke sessile, he ʻano leceolate. ʻO ka hui pū ʻana o nā waihona kālā nui, i hui pū ʻia i nā pua tubular waena, i hoʻokaʻina ʻia i ka poni ʻulaʻula a i ʻole ka brown-red, a me nā pua puaʻa i ʻulaʻula ʻulaʻula, ʻulaʻula a ʻulaʻula paha. ʻO ka hua kahi acrae tetrahedral.
Ke Kūleʻa Kūlea Kūʻē Kiʻi
ʻO ka wā e kanu ai
Hiki ke kanu ʻia ʻo Echinacea i kahi ākea ma ka puna a i ka pūnāwai. ʻO ka pinepine ka hana i kēia ma hope o ka hoʻokaʻawale ʻana i ka lāʻau Echinacea. Hiki ke ulu i kēia pua i nā hua, akā, ma kēia ʻano, pālahalaha nā ʻano o ka Echinacea; ʻano hana ʻia nā loiloi e hoʻohālikelike i nā ʻano huaʻai.
Pono kahi punahele e kanu i ka lā a loaʻa kahi mea kanu maikaʻi, i'ōhū pono, me ka alkaline a i ʻole ka lepo lepo. ʻAʻole kūpono nā māla lepo hina a i ka lepo lepo paha no ka kanu ʻana i kēlā ʻano pua. Inā huikala ka lepo, a laila hiki iā ʻoe ke hoʻoponopono i kēia ma ka hoʻohui ʻana i ka lime iā ia.
Nā hiʻohiʻona momona
Ke kanu nei i nā hua kanu, kahi hohonu o nā lua ma kahi o 50 mm, ʻoiai ka mamao ma waena o lākou e pili ana i 30 centimeter. Ke kanu nei i ka delenok, ʻoi paha ka nui o ka lua e liʻiliʻi ai ma mua o ka aʻa o ka mea kanu kanu. A laila ma lalo e pono ʻoe e waiho i kahi helu liʻiliʻi o ka compost, ma hope o ke kanuʻana i ka Echinacea. Pono nā mea kanu i kanu. Inā ulu nā mea kanu i nā ipu, a laila pono ʻoe i kahi lua kanu ākea, e pili ana iā 0.4 m. ʻO kēia lua e pono e hoʻopiha i ka hui me ka lepo me ka piha o ka compost, sand a me ka mahina ʻai (1: 1: 1). Ma hope o kēia, ua ninini ʻia ka mea kanu i loko o ka lua, a lawe pū ʻia aku me kahi ʻupena o ka honua. E kanu ʻia ka mea kanu i ka hohonu like ma kahi e ulu ai ia i loko o ka pahu.
Ka mālama ʻana iā Echinacea i ka māla
ʻAʻole paʻakikī ka ulu lāʻau echinacea i loko o ka māla, akā pono ʻoe e makaʻala i kekahi o nā lula. ʻO ka mea mua, pono e uku ʻia ka mālama kūikawā, e pono ai ka nui a me ka pinepine, ʻoiai e ʻōlelo ʻia e hoʻoheheʻe i nā pua i ke ahiahi. He mea nui loa ia e hoʻomaʻemaʻe hoʻomaʻemaʻe mau ʻia ka pūnaewele, no laila e kāpae koke ʻia ka wee ma hope o ka puka ʻana.
Hoʻomaka mai ka lua o ka makahiki e ulu ana, pono e hānai nā pua like me ka lehu lāʻau me ka puʻu pala ʻia, he hopena maikaʻi kēia o ka pua, e lilo ana i mau huaola. Pono e hānai ʻo Echinacea i 2 mau manawa i ka manawa: i ka puna, a i kona wā e hānai ai. Inā makemake ʻoe e hōʻiliʻili i nā hua, a laila e ʻoki i nā inflorescences i maloʻo, pono nō me kahi ʻāpana o ka pana i ke kī lau lau mua.
Hoʻomoe i ka Echinacea
Makemake nā māla e hoʻolalau i ka echinacea vegetatively ma o ka hoʻokaʻawale ʻana i nā pua. Hiki ke hana i kēia kaʻina hana i ka pūnāwai i ka lā o ʻApelila, a me ka hopena i nā he mau makahiki i ka hopena o ka hāʻule o ka lau nui. Ua lawe ʻia ka mahele mua o ka lāʻau ma hope wale nō o ka makahiki he 4 a 5 paha kona mau makahiki. E mālama pono iā ia mai ka lepo, e makaʻala e ʻaʻole e hōʻeha i ka rhizome. A laila ua māhele ʻia ka lāʻau i kekahi mau māhele, ʻo kēlā me kēia me ia o 3 a 4 mau ʻōpala o kahi hou. Ke kanu nei ʻo Delenki i ke ʻano like me nā mea kanu i ka wā kanu mua.
Ua ʻōlelo ʻia ma luna o nā mea e makemake ai nā mea kanu i ka hoʻohālikelike i nā ʻano o echinacea e nā hua kanu. Nui nā ʻano. Kūkulu ʻia lākou i ka pūnāwai ma ka hamama ākea, no ka mea, ua ʻike ʻia he 13 mau kiʻekiʻe e ka maikaʻi o ke ea no ke ʻano o nā pua. ʻAʻole kanu ʻia nā hua i lulu ʻia, akā pīpī ʻia ma luna me kahi ʻāpana ʻeleʻele o ka lepo. Eia naʻe, ʻōlelo ʻo ka māla ʻoihana e ulu i nā pua i nā mea kanu, ʻo ka ʻoiaʻiʻo ke ulu maikaʻi nā mea kanu a hiki ke make ma muli o ke ʻano ʻole o ka wā i hiki mai ai i ka pūnāwai. No ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā mea kanu a lawe kiʻi paha. Pono nā kanu o ke kanu i loko o ka substrate ma o 5 mm wale nō, a ma luna e pono lākou e pī ʻia me ka ʻāpana o ka lepo. A laila hoʻohālikelike ʻia nā huaʻai mai ka pū make. Pono e ulu ana nā mea kanu i kahi manawa lōʻihi, ke ulu wale nei lākou ma nā hebedoma 6 wale nō ma hope o ka lūlū ʻia. Pono nā mea kanu a ulu i nā mea kanu i kanu ʻia ma ka pāla. A laila hoʻohāinu ʻia i ka manawa kūpono, e neʻe mau ʻia ka wee mai ka pūnaewele a paʻa ka ʻāina. Hoʻoulu pinepine ʻo Echinacea mai nā hua i ka lua o ka makahiki o ke ola, a i ka makahiki mua ke ulu wale nei lākou i ka rosette lau, hiki ke kiʻekiʻe i ka 15 a 20 sentimita.
Nā maʻi a me nā pōpoki
Kūʻē ʻo Echinacea i nā maʻi. I ka manawa pinepine, ua maʻi ka lāʻau ma muli o ka pololei ʻole o ka nānā ʻana. Inā i ke kauwela ke wela a me ka nāu, a e nānā ʻia hoʻi ke kiʻekiʻe o ka wela, a laila e lilo ka pua i ka maʻi palaka. Eia kekahi hoʻi pau nā mea kanu i hoʻopiha ʻia me ka nitrogen i kēia maʻi. I nā spimimens i hoʻopili ʻia, kahi ʻano pālahalaha keʻokeʻo ma ka ʻaoʻao o nā pua, nā ʻōpala a me nā pua. Pono e hoʻolapalapa ʻia kahi mea maʻi me kahi pānaʻi ʻo Bordeaux a i ʻole pāpaʻi colloidal.
Eia kekahi, hiki i kēia pua ke loaʻa i nā maʻi me ka cercosporosis a me septoria, ʻo ia hoʻi nā mea maʻi. I ka ulu lāʻau i hoʻopili ʻia, pohō nā ʻōpū ma nā papa lau, kahi e hoʻomāwaliwali ai a kani make ka mea kanu. Inā hele ka maʻi i ka hoʻomaka mua ʻana o ka hoʻomohala ʻana, a laila lawa ka ʻoki i nā ʻāpana i hoʻopiʻi ʻia o ka ulu lāʻau. Inā ke holo nei ka maʻi, a laila e pono ʻia ʻo echinacea i ka lāʻau lapaʻau.
Inā hele ka lāʻau ma ke ʻano he maʻi maʻi, hoʻololi ʻia nā peduncles e like me ke aniani a me ka maloʻo ʻana o nā papa lau. I nā hōʻailona mua o ka maʻi, pono ke ʻili ʻia a lāʻau ʻia nā lāʻau maʻi maʻi, ʻoiai e pono e hoʻokaʻawale ʻia ka pūnaewele me kahi hopena ikaika o ka potassium permanganate. I kēia wā, manaʻo ʻia kēia mau maʻi.
I kekahi o kekahi mau hihia, slugs, bedbugs a slobbery pennies noho ma nā lāʻau. I ka wā e ʻike ʻia ai nā pōpoki, pono e hōʻiliʻili pono ʻia lākou, ʻoiai ke kīpaha ʻia ka ʻili mai ka nati ma luna o ka ʻona o ke kahua, e lilo ia i mea paʻakikī loa i kēia mau gastropod. No ka hoʻopau ʻana i nā pōʻino pepeke, hoʻohana ʻia ka hoʻomākaukau ʻana mai nā mea inikini, no ka laʻana, ʻo Karbofos a i ʻole Lawellik.
No ka pale aku, e ʻōlelo ʻia e hahai ʻoe i nā lula o ka ʻenehana ʻana i kēia moʻomeheu.
Echinacea ma hope o ka pua
Hoʻohui hua
E hōʻiliʻili ʻia nā hua lāʻau Echinacea i ka hopena o ka manawa, a pono lākou e ʻūhū pono ma ka lāʻau. Akā, e hoʻomaopopo ʻia o ka lawe lihiluhi ʻana ka hōʻiliʻili ʻana, no ka mea ʻaʻole i kā ko lākou ʻūhū i ka manawa like. Ma hope o ka lilo ʻana o ka pokole o ka hīnaʻi, pono ʻoe e hoʻokaʻawale i nā hua mai kāna kikowaena, ʻoiai e neʻe ʻia e pale i ka lima me kahi kāʻei. A laila e hoʻokaʻawale ʻia nā hua, hemo ʻana i nā pua tubular, a maloʻo. E kanu lulu nā hua ʻai ma hope o ka hōʻiliʻili ʻana, ke kū nei lākou no ka manawa pōkole.
Ka hoʻomākaukau ana no ka hoʻoilo
Kūʻē ʻo Echinacea i ka hau, akā inā he liʻiliʻi liʻiliʻi ka hau ma ka hoʻoilo, a laila e hoʻokuʻu manu ai ka lāʻau. ʻO nā mea he hoʻoilo no ka mea hoʻoilo ʻaʻole i hoʻokahi makahiki hoʻokahi. I mea e pale ʻole ai i ka manuahi o ka ulu lāʻau, i nā lā hope o ʻOkakopa pono e ʻoki ʻia nā wana a pau mai ia mea, ʻoiai ke uhi ʻia ka ʻāʻī o ke aʻa me kahi papa mulch. Pono ka pūnaewele pono e uhi ʻia me nā lau maloʻi a uhi ʻia paha me nā lālā pulu.
Nā ʻano a me nā ʻano o Echinacea me nā kiʻi a me nā inoa
I ka manu hihiu, hiki iā ʻoe ke hālāwai me 9 i nā ʻano ʻokoʻa o ka echinacea, akā kanu pinepine nā māla i nā huaʻai a me nā ʻano o Echinacea purpurea.
Echinacea purpurea (Echinacea purpurea)
ʻO ka kiʻekiʻe o kēia mea pelekane e pili ana i 1 mika. Kū pololei nā lālā wili. ʻO ka papa lau basal e hōʻuluʻulu ʻia i loko o ka poki, he ʻano ākea o lākou me ka nui o nā ʻāpana lapalapa. Loaʻa nā papa lau o ka hua lāʻau, nāhelehele a me ka sessile, he ʻano leceolate lākou. He mau hīnaʻi nā pōkole, ma ka waenakonu aia he mau pua tubular o ka ʻulaʻula-ʻulaʻula, a me nā pua pua a ka ʻulaʻulaʻulaʻula i nā kihi o lākou, e pili ana iā 40 mm ka lōʻihi, ʻānō lākou i luna o ka lālani. ʻO nā hiʻohiʻona kaulana loa:
- Pāʻālua. ^ E Ha yM. ʻO ke kiʻekiʻe o ka pua ma kahi he 1,3 m. ʻO nā hīnaʻi ma ka lapalapa a hiki i ka 13 kenimika. Loaʻa i nā pua Reed ka poni a ʻulaʻula a me ka popescence liʻiliʻi, ʻoiai lākou he 2 mau niho ma ka lālani. A ʻo nā pua tubular o ke aniani ʻulaʻula e kūkulu i kahi hemisphere o ke ʻano, e hiki ana i 40 mm ma kahi holoʻokoʻa.
- Sonnenlach. ^ E Ha yM. E hiki aku ka pua wana he 1,4 m i ke kiʻekiʻe.ʻO ka nui o ka lau o ka hina i ka 10 sentimita, loaʻa iā lākou nā lanceolate reed pua o ka ʻoniʻula ulaula, he 35 mm ka lōʻihi, a ma nā poʻo o lākou he 2 a 3 paha mau kākela, a me nā tubular nā pua i haku ʻia i kahi hemvehere o ka ʻulaʻula.
Echinacea Sunset
ʻO kēia kahi papa o nā pilia i loaʻa ma ka hoʻohana ʻana o Echinacea paradox a me Echinacea purpurea, e loaʻa mai ana i ka hana a R. Skol. Hoʻopili kēia mau ʻōmaʻomaʻo i nā hiʻohiʻona maikaʻi o nā mea kanu: he mau inflorescences lākou nui, nā wana pua nani, he mea momona maikaʻi, nā petals, a me nā kala maikaʻi e like me ka pua nani, nā ʻōpala, nā mango a i ʻole nā peaches. Kūkulu nā pala petals i ke kala o ka henna. Mahalo i nā huaʻala, nā ʻano like ʻole i hui ʻia nā hīnaʻi i nā keʻokeʻo, ʻulaʻula, ʻulaʻula ʻōmaʻomaʻo, ʻulaʻula, a me ka melemele. ʻO ka hua kanu echinacea i makemake nui ʻia:
- Iulia. ^ E Ha yM. Ua pili ia me nā ʻano "Butterfly Kisses". ʻAʻole iʻoi aku ke kiʻekiʻe o nā keri dwarf ma kahi o ka 0.45 m.Akake mau hāmeʻa kīleʻa i hāmama i nā hebedoma mua o ke kauwela, ʻoiai lākou e nalo a hiki i ka hopena o ke kau.
- Cleopatra. ^ E Ha yM. Ua loaʻa i kēia ʻano i kona inoa i mea e hoʻonani ai i nā ʻano kīnā ʻulaʻī o nā ʻano. Hoʻonohonoho ʻia nā pua wai melemele i ka lapalapa a hiki ke 75 mm, ʻo ka pua puaʻa i ka pona, no ka mea ke ʻano o nā kete i nā lā ma ke kiʻi i kiʻi ʻia e ke keiki.
- Ivnin Glow. ^ E Ha yM. ʻO nā Inflorescences o nā pua pua o ka ʻāpana melemele, ma luna o kahi kolani ʻalani o ka pua hue ʻulaʻula, a ma kā lākou ʻaoʻao he mau pua tubular e hana nei me ka lau o ka ʻeleʻele nā kala.
- Cantaloupe. ^ E Ha yM. Aia ke kala i kahi kala melona. Hoʻonohonoho ʻia nā ʻōlima Reed i nā lālani 2 a like like me ka frime orange-pink. A me ka pupu ʻakaʻelima i waena o ka pua i loko o nā pua tubular o kahi ʻoniʻoni ʻeleʻele.
- Kāhea Pūnaewele. ^ E Ha yM. He ʻano ʻokoʻa kēia. Kāwili ʻia nā pua pua a i nā kala a i loko. Pili kēia ʻano like me nā ʻano Letos Buggy, ua kūleʻa kēia mau lāʻau i ka maloʻo, a me kā lākou mālama pono ʻole ʻana i ka mālama.
- Kāleʻa Scoop ʻelua. ^ E Ha yM. He maʻalahi loa ka mālama ʻana i kēia ʻano palupalu. Kahi punahele nani nā aniani a nānā aku paha a nani i nā ʻāhinahina. Hōʻike ʻia lākou no ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka wā e hana ai i nā bouquets.
Hoʻohana maikaʻi o Echinacea
ʻO ka lau nahele Echinacea ka polysaccharides, flavonoids, tannins, saponins, hydroxycinnamic a me nā mea waikawa organik, phytosterols, resins a me nā aila pono. Ka mea i like o ka rhizome me ka pono pono, a me ka momona momona, resins, enzymes, macrocells i loko o ke ʻano o ka pāhana pākipa a me ke kalaiʻala a me nā mea traceum selenium, kālā, zinc, manganese, molybdenum a me cobalt.
ʻO nā mea i hana ʻia mai kēia mea kanu i ʻokoʻa i ka hopena antimicrobial, antifungal, antiviral a me nā hōʻeha a me nā hōʻeha, nā mea i hoʻohana ʻia no ka hoʻoikaika ʻana i ka ʻōnaehana pale, ma ke ʻano o ka noʻonoʻo a me ka hana kino paha. ʻO kēia mau kālā he decoction, extracts, juice a me nā infusions o echinacea.
Kōkua ʻo Tincture o kēia mea kanu i ka hoʻonui ʻana i ka potency a me ka hoʻōla wikiwiki i nā kuni. Lā ʻia, ʻāʻī ʻia mai nā pua hou, i hoʻohana ʻia i ka lāʻau lapaʻau e hoʻōla ai i nā hōʻeha, a i ka wā i hoʻohana ʻia i loko, ʻike ʻia ka wikiwiki o ka holo ʻana o ke koko.
Ua kaulana nui ʻo Echinacea purpurea i kahi nui o nā ʻāina. Hoʻohana ʻia nā hānai mai nā pua mai Kelemānia i ka mālama ʻana i nā tonsillitis, tonsillitis, chroniosepsis a me nā maʻi ʻē aʻe. ʻO S. A. Tomilin he kauka ʻōlelo Lūkini i haʻi aku he kūlike ka maʻi o Echinacea purpurea me ka ginseng.
Ma lalo aʻe nei nā mea hoʻolala no Echinacea, inā pono, hiki ke hana ʻia i ka home:
- Likua. ^ E Ha yM. Lawe i kahi ipu aniani 500 ml a hoʻopiha iā ia ma luna a me nā pua pua echinacea hou. A laila hoʻopiha iā lākou me ka vodka a pani i ka ipu me kahi uhi kūwaho. E hoʻoneʻe i ka ipu i kahi wahiʻeleʻele no 40 mau lā. A laila ua ninini ka tincture i loko o kahi pahu. Ua hauoli i 15 hāʻule, kahi hoʻohemo ʻia i 1/3 kīpī o kaʻaila a i ʻole wai, ma luna o kahi ʻōpū 30 mau minuke ma mua o ka pāʻina. Kōkua ia me ka hana ma luna o ke kaumaha, kaumaha a me ka maʻi maʻi.
- ʻO ka decoction o nā aʻa. ^ E Ha yM. Pono e hoʻohui ʻia nā miligram 300 o ka wai me 1 mauʻa nui o ka aʻa o ka echinacea. Hoʻokomo ʻia ka hui i loko o ka wai wai a hoʻolapalapa no 30 mau minuke. Ma hope o ka hoʻomoʻa ʻana o ka kupa, pono e hoʻoponopono ʻia. E inu iā 3 a i ʻole 4 mau manawa i ka lā no 1-2 mau punetonu nui. Kōkua ia i nā anuanu, nā luhi o ke aʻalolo a me nā maʻi koʻikoʻi.
Nā Hoʻohui
Hoʻolilo mai kēia mea kanu i kekahi manawa ke kumu o kahi hopena alerine. ʻAʻole hiki iā lākou ke hoʻohana e nā wahine hāpai, a me ka poʻe e ʻāpono ʻana, me ka poʻe e loaʻa ana i ka sclerosis lehulehu, ka maʻi pākēneka, leukemia, collagenosis. A ʻaʻole hiki iā lākou ke hoʻohana no ka poʻe me ka intolerance pilikino. A i ka laulā, ma mua o ka hoʻohana ʻana i kēlā mau lāʻau lapaʻau, ikaika ikaika ʻo ia e nīnau aku i kahi loea.
