I ka haʻiʻana o ka heather, ʻo nā kānaka o ʻEkelika, Norewai a me nā ʻāina ʻē aʻe o ʻEulopa e hōʻike ana i nā kumulāʻau paila liʻiliʻi 15 i 50 cm ke kiʻekiʻe me nā ʻōpio nui i kanu ʻia me nā lau scaly a me nā pua liʻiliʻi o ka pinkish a i ʻole lilac ʻulaʻula.
Hōʻulu lāʻau - kahi hōʻailona o ka hoʻomanawanui a me ka maikaʻi
Ma lalo o nā kūlana kūlohelohe o ke anuanu e ulu ai ka ulu a ka pua ma luna o nā wao ākea a me nā ahi ahi i nā pali, a me nā pali pōhaku. He mea hoʻomaka ʻole ka mea kanu.
A hiki i 40-50 mau makahiki hiki ke loaʻa i kahi hoʻokahi a hiki ke loaʻa inā hiki ʻole ke ola ʻē i nā mea kanu ʻē aʻe: aia i nā māla a me nā nāhelehele maikaʻi o nā ulu lāʻau coniferous.
ʻO nā mea ulu liʻiliʻi o ka ulu lāʻau ulu e hoʻonani i nā pua ulu i loko o nā ʻāhā. No ka hopohopo a me ke kūpaʻa, ua hoʻomaka ka poʻe Noremania i ka manawa hanohano me ka hōʻuluʻulu ʻana i ka ulu lāʻau me ka hoʻohanohano e lilo i hōʻailona o ka ʻāina, akā ma loko o nā māla o ʻEulopa ka noho ʻana o ka noho ʻana o nā puʻu e hoʻomaka ʻia e nā makani e hiki wale mai i ka makahiki XVIII. Ma Lūkini, kahi i loaʻa ai i ka 50 mau mea pili i kēia ʻohana i loaʻa i nā mea ulu ulu hihiu, hele wale mai ka māla heather i iwakālua mau makahiki wale nō ma ka kumu o ka Botanical Garden ma Moscow.
Ma Scotland, ʻōlelo lākou e pili ana i ke kanaka laki ua hele ʻo ia e ʻike i nā pua keʻokeʻo o ka pua.
ʻOiaʻiʻo, ma nā ʻāina nui, kahi mākaukau maʻamau o ka ʻāina, kahi ʻōpio keʻokeʻo keʻokeʻo kahi aneane hiki ʻole ke ʻike. Akā i kēia lā, i ka wā e hoʻopili pono ai ka mea kanu mai ka māla mai ka māla, ʻaʻole ia he mea maʻamau ʻaʻole wale nō nā lāʻau me nā tassels o nā keʻokeʻo keʻokeʻo, akā nā ʻano like me ka raspberry, violet, ka melemele a me ka ʻulaʻula maʻalahi, me nā pua pālua.
He lāʻau māla a pili i nā ʻike
I nā makahiki he 200 i hala aku nei, ua loaʻa i nā mea kaukani he mau haneli kupanaha o nā hōʻiliʻili hiʻona, hiki ke hoʻokaʻawale ʻia i loko o nā mea kanu haʻahaʻa, waena a me ke kiʻekiʻe. Eia kekahi, ma ka hoʻopili iā lākou, ʻo nā mākaʻāina kokoke loa iā ka ʻohana heather, no ka laʻana, ʻo Erica a me Ledum, ʻo ia mau hua ʻula e like me ka lingonberry, ka manu nunu a me nā blueberries, a me ka rhododendrons, e hoʻohana ikaika ana i ka ʻāina.
ʻO ka mea kokoke i ka hehi maʻamau he mau ʻano like ʻole o Erica, kahi mea i noho kūloʻi mai nā kapakai ʻo ʻAmelika Hui Pū ʻIa o ʻApelika ʻAmelika. Hiki ke ʻike i nā pua helo ma ka ʻāpana o Asia, ʻo Caucasus a me nā Alps.
Inā ʻaʻole e ulu lōʻihi nā pua o ka ulu lāʻau a me ka mea hānai henua ma mua o 70 cm, a laila aia kekahi mau ʻano o ka erica, no ka laʻana, e like me nā lāʻau maoli, a hiki i ka 5-7 mina kiʻekiʻe.
ʻO kekahiʻokoʻa ʻē aʻe ma waena o Erica lāua ʻo Heather, ʻo nā lau liʻiliʻi ma ka lau mania a me nā kīʻaha elongated o nā pua. ʻOkoʻa nā mea kanu mai nā ʻano pili like ʻole i ka helehelena wale nō, akā i ka manawa o ke ʻano o nā pua. I ka wā e ulu ai ka pua, ʻo ka hapa nui o nā mea kanu i ka mahina ʻai e hoʻopau ana i ka ulu e ulu ana a hoʻomākaukau no ka hoʻoilo. Ma ke kikowaena waena, aia wale i ka hapalua o ke kauwela, a ʻoi aku ka nui o ka lā o ʻAukake, ʻike ʻia nā pua ma nā lāʻau, e like me ka ʻokoʻa, hiki ke paʻa a hoʻopaʻa i ka uhi o ka hoʻoilo.
ʻO kekahi o nā ʻāina o ʻEulopa a ma ʻAmelika, ʻo ka māla lāʻau he moʻomeheu evergreen. ʻAʻole nalowale ka mea kanu i kona hopena a me ka ʻae i nā haʻalulu me nā mahana a hiki i +8 ° C.
A pau ka ulu ʻana o ka ulu pua ʻana, e noho mau ana ka mālamalama a, ʻo ia paha, ʻo ia wale nō ka hoʻonani o ka māla. I nā hiʻohiʻona he nui, ua waiho nā pua i nā kala a pau o ke anuenue, a me ka melemele, burgundy, poni a i ʻole nā palapala manu i ʻike ʻia i ka wahi i ulana ʻia i ka hopena o ka hopena.
Hoʻomoe a kanu i ka hana a me ka mea mālama lāʻau
Hiki iā ʻoe ke pālahalaha i kāu ʻano punahele o ka terry, burgundy a i ʻole he mea ʻohi keokeo a me nā mea kanu maikaʻi i nā mea kanu, a me nā mea kanu.
- me ke kōkua o ʻokiʻī i hoʻōla ʻia i ke kauwela a i ʻole paha e hoʻoilo, no 1-1,5 mau mahina ma kahi ʻāpana lepo māmā e hāʻawi ana i kahi mina kūpono kūpono i ke kanu;
- ma ka waiho ʻana mai nā wīwī kahiko a ka mea kanu lāʻau.
I mea e loaʻa ai nā mea kanu i ka manawa e hoʻopili ai me ka lepo, ua ʻoki ʻia kahi lālā, mālama ʻia me ka ulu ulu ʻana, ʻeli ʻia a pīpī ʻia me ka ʻāina momona. I ka wā lulu, ua mākaukau kahi mākeke ʻōpio i nā mea kanu.
Nā hua hua heather hehele, aia kona ʻano aʻa i loko o kahi pahu me ka lepo lepo, e lawe koke i ke aʻa.
Nā ʻōlelo a ka poʻe loea e pili ana i ka hoʻohālikelike ʻana a me ke kanu ʻana:
- Inā ʻaʻole i hoʻokuʻi ʻia nā lāʻau o ka māla pua a hiki i ka hopena o Kepakemapa, ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o ke kau ʻana i ko lākou hoʻokaʻawale ʻana i kahi paʻa ma ʻApelila.
- No kahi ulu lāʻau, ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o ke koho i kahi ʻāpana mālamalama i pale ʻia mai ka makani.
- No ka mea e ulu ana ka mea maʻi me ka makahiki, ka lōʻihi o 40 a 50 cm paha i waiho i kekahi mea kanu i ka mea kanu.
- ʻAʻole hohonu ka hohonu o ka pū kahe heather ma mua o 25-30 cm, akā ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o ka hoʻomaʻemaʻe ʻana, ʻoi aku paha ma kahi o 40 cm, e pālahalaha i nā aʻa.
- Ma ka lalo e hoʻonohonoho ai i kahi pae wai.
- Ke hoʻi ʻana i ka lua, he mea nui ia e hoʻomalū i ka ʻāʻī aʻa.
ʻO ka hoʻomākaukau ʻana i ka lepo no ke kanu ʻana i ka helo makamae
Akā ʻo ka hana nui o ka mea mahiʻai, nāna i hoʻolālā e kanu i ka mea hoʻomohala papa ma ka pae, ʻo ia ka hoʻomākaukau ʻana i ka lepo no kēia lāʻau. ʻOiai ʻo ka unpretentiousness o ka moʻomeheu, i nā manawa he nui i nele ka ʻike o ka ulu lāʻau. Pili ke kumu o ka make ma ka ʻoiaʻiʻo a ua kūlou ka mea kanu a me ka mea hoʻoili hiʻona i loko o ka simbiosis me nā ʻōpū mua primitive i puka i kahi pua keʻokeʻo a i ʻole nā kumu i nā aʻa o ka mea kanu. Inā make ka mycelium o ka holou a i ʻole ua piha ʻole i ka māla mahina ʻai, nawaliwali nā palu a make paha.
No laila, me ka ʻole o ka lawe ʻana i ke kaʻina wikiwiki, ʻaʻole ke kali i ka mea mālama i ka manawa ke pua i ka pua o ka pua.
- No ka hoʻomau i ka hana nui o mycorrhiza, lepo waikona me ka pae o ka pH o 4 a 5 mau mea e pono ai, ka ʻāina no ka hoʻoliʻiliʻi kūmole o nā mea he 40 mau māla o ka pāpaona, boric a i ʻole citric acid i hoʻohui ʻia ma kēlā me kahi pākahi.
- Hana ʻia ka ʻōlelo loea ma ʻelua ʻāpana o ke kiʻekiʻe kiʻekiʻe, hoʻokahi ʻāpana a me ka nui o ka pulupulu nāwea manuahi a foliage paha.
- E like me kahi mea kanu i ka wā kanu, hiki iā ʻoe ke hoʻohui i kahi kāpili mineral paʻakikī, ʻaʻohe kumu o ka calcium a me nā meaola.
Inā loaʻa nā mea kanu coniferous me nā blueberries ma kahi kokoke, he mea kūpono e hoʻohui i ka ʻāina lepo mai lalo o nā mea kanu a i ka hui ʻana no ka kanu ʻana i ka makana.
ʻO ka mālama lāʻau Heather
No ka mālama i ka pae haʻahaʻa o ka lepo, i mea e pale ai i kona wela wela, a i ʻole e pale aku i nā lau nāu i ka ulu ʻana o ka hoʻomoʻo, mulching mulching o ka lepo ma lalo o nā kumu lāʻau e pane maikaʻi ana i ka mulching lepo. Inā hele aʻe nā pūlea o nā lau nahele, ʻaʻole e hōʻino i nā aʻa o ka pua o ka māla huaʻai, ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o ka ohe like me kou mau lima. I ka pō o kahi pāʻina o nā pua, hiki ke hoʻokaʻawale i ka mea hoʻokaʻawale me ka nui o ka nui o ka mea kanu ma ka nui o 10-15 grika no kēlā me kēia mea kanu.
No ka mālama i ka acidity o ka lepo a i kāohi ai i ka chlorine a me ka calcium, ka mea ʻalanʻi no ka mycorrhiza, hiki i nā aʻa, ua, kānana a me ka wai hoʻokahe ʻia i hoʻohana ʻia no ka irrigation, no laila ua hoʻohui ʻia ka 3-4 grika o ka citric, boric a i ʻole acid oxalic i hoʻokahi pākō.
I nā makahiki ʻelua o ke ola, ʻaʻole pono ke koikoi o ka mea kanu; i nā lāʻau pākeke i ka puna, ʻaʻole wale e hōʻoki ʻia nā inflorescences o ka makahiki i hala, akā, ʻo ka ʻāpana ʻāpala piha o kēia lālā i ka lāʻau, me ka wī a maloʻo a maloʻo.
Inā i ka kanu ʻana i nā hiʻohiʻona a pau o kēia moʻomeheu hoihoi, e koho ʻia nā ʻano like ʻole e pili ana i ka manawa o ka pua ʻana, ka pale o ka hau a me ka ulu ʻana, a laila ke kolo o ka wā e ulu ai nā pua, ʻo ia ka manawa keu loa o ka makahiki i ka māla. He lāʻau paʻa a paʻakikī hoʻi e hōʻike iā ia iho i kona nani a pau, a ʻo nā hana a pau o ka māla me ka uku.
