Ma waho o nā ʻuala, paʻakikī ke noʻonoʻo ʻana i kahi papaʻaina ʻai, aia i loko o nā pākiki, nā mai, a me nā kīʻaha nui, aloha ʻia i nā ʻano āpau, me ke ʻano pū. Oni he mea kanu huaʻai me kahi kumu waiwai nui, hōʻike ʻia e ke kanaka no nā makahiki ulu o ka māla mea kanu. Mai ka wā kahiko, ʻo nā aniani ʻaʻole "ʻono" i ka meaʻai hou, akā ua hoʻohana ʻia hoʻi i ke ʻano o ka hoʻonui ʻana o ke kūleʻa ʻana, e hoʻomaha ana i nā scurvy a me nā maʻi ʻē aʻe. Manaʻo ia ʻo kahi hopena ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi a me ka hopena no ka maloʻo i ka wā ma mua a ʻaʻole hoʻi ia.
Nā ʻano ʻolialaHe mea ʻike, ʻo kēia ke kumu i kū mai ai kēia moʻomeheu ma hope o ke kanaka a ma luna o kāna pākaukau ʻaʻole nā makahiki he mau kenekulia wale nō, akā he millennia i hala. ʻAʻohe palena o ka pīhoihoi i ka ʻimi ʻana i ka wā i loko o kekahi nā lua kupapaʻu i loko o ka lālani ʻoihanaʻAmelika i loaʻa kahi ʻōwili e ʻōlelo ana e hoʻōla i nā ola hōʻola o nā ʻili. Ua hōʻike kēia i ka ʻike a ʻike ʻia nā moʻomeheu i nā makahiki he mau makahiki ma mua o ka hānau ʻana o Kristo.
ʻO ka ʻāina ʻōhala o ka ʻona ka manaʻo i lilo i ka Mediterranean a me Asia. Ua lawe ʻia mai ʻo ia e ʻEulopa e nā Roma. Loaʻa ka sibi i ke kaulana kaulana ʻaʻole no ka lāʻau lapaʻau, akā ma nā ʻano hiʻona ʻokoʻa e hiki ke hoʻololi i kekahi kīʻaha, mai kahi ʻāpana o ka iʻa a hiki i ka paʻu paʻakikī.
ʻO kaʻoiaʻiʻo, nā māla i ulu i loko o ka wā kahiko o Aikupito a kanu i kēia manawa, he mau ʻanoʻokoʻa like ʻole nā mea kanu ʻē aʻe i nā ʻano ʻono, i ka pā o ka pāhonu, ka manawa o kona mālama a me nā ʻāpana ʻē aʻe. Loaʻa kēia mau mea āpau no ka hana paʻakikī o nā ʻano hana. I kēia manawa, Kuhi Mokuna o nā Makanamana o nā Lālā ʻOihana o ka Lūkini Russian e pili ana no ka 367 mau ʻano o kēia ʻano mea kanu. Ua komo pū ʻia nā ʻano hua mua i loko o ka papa inoa mokuʻāina ma kahi mamao 1943, ʻo ia hoʻi, i ka wā nui o ka Kaua Patriotic War, ʻaʻole i pau ka hana hoʻomalu, nā mea kanu: Arzamas local, Bessonovsky local, Spanish 313, Mstersky local, Rostov local and Strigunovsky local.
Mai ia manawa mai, ʻaʻole i pau ka hana hoʻoulu, e hoʻoikaika ʻia ana a hana hou ʻia nā ʻano hou a ʻoi aku ka ʻano o nā huaʻai. E kamaʻilio i kēia lā e pili ana i nā mea hou e pili ana i nā koho sibeli, i kūpono i ka ulu ʻana i kekahi wahi kūikawā a ua hoʻokomo pū i nā pono āpau o nā ʻano i hana ʻia ma mua.
No laila, i kēia ʻatikala e kamaʻilio mākou e pili ana i ke koho hou ʻana o ka sibiki, e pili ana i nā ʻano hua a me nā ʻōpio i hoʻokumu ʻia ma 2016 a me 2017. Hoʻokumu ʻia nā Novelty no kekahi mau ʻāina o ka mahi ʻana, no laila e kākau inoa mākou iā lākou me nā wahi i ʻōlelo ʻia.
ʻO nā ʻano līlū a me nā hōʻiliʻu o nā ʻoliki no ka ʻāina Central
E hoʻomaka kākou me ke kolu o ke kaona, ʻo Central. Nui a loaʻa nā huahana hou, he mau ʻano a me nā ʻano puʻu: Keika F1, Naua, Svetoch, Rawhide F1, Red Hawk F1, Potemkin, Kerzhak, Gula o ke kauwela, Euro 12, Braxton F1, Pokikahe, Kaʻaina F1, Ataman a Kāhea.
Naʻu Keika F1, He hākā pono kahiko ia, he ʻano pāpaʻi a puni ke aniani a hiki i 132 g. ʻO nā paʻai maloʻo he brown i ka kala, a ʻono - keʻokeʻo-uliuli. ʻO ka nui o nā papa maloʻo he ʻekolu a ʻehā paha. ʻO ka maikaʻi o nā unahi holomua i manaʻo ʻia he semi-koi. Loaʻa ka huahana i kahi o 530 mau keneta no hoʻokahi hekahi. Ka pau ʻana o ka huhū ma hope o ke ʻano ʻana. Noi ʻia no ke kanu lāʻau ma nā ʻāina ʻo Central, Volga-Vyatka a me North Caucasus.
Naʻu Naua, nā ʻāpana ʻōpala. He kīpaha ka pōpō a me ka paona ma 95-98 g. ʻO nā lau pā maloʻo he ʻeleʻele i ka kala, a ʻono - keʻokeʻo-uliuli. ʻAʻole nui nā māla maloʻo, ʻelua a ʻekolu paha. Ka ʻono ʻono o ka ʻono uwahi paila ʻoi. Loaʻa ka palena kiʻekiʻe no kēlā me kahi hekahi 670 mau keneta. Kē ʻia ka ʻū ʻana o nā ʻano ma hope o ka ʻaʻa ʻana. Aāpai ʻia no ke kanu ʻana i ka moku ma Central.
Naʻu Svetoch, nā ʻāpana ʻōpala. He kīpaha ka polū a me ka pā i ka 62-78 g. ʻO nā lau maloʻo a maloʻo like o ke keʻokeʻo. Nui nā māla lau, ma ka ʻehā a ʻelima paha. Ka ʻono ʻono o ka ʻono uwahi paila ʻoi. ʻO ka hoʻonui nui loa o kahi ākea no kēlā me kēia hectare e pili ana i 500 cent. Ma hope o ka ʻūwili ʻana, hoʻopau ʻia ka hānai ʻana. Aāpai ʻia no ke kanu ʻana i ka moku ma Central.
Naʻu Rawhide F1, He luele waenehua nei. Hoʻokomo ka pōpō i ka helehelena a kaupaona mai 75 a 88 g. ʻO nā lau maloʻo he ʻeleʻele i ka kala, a aniani - keʻokeʻo-ʻōmaʻomaʻo. ʻO ka ʻōpala maloʻo ʻekolu mau. Ka ʻono o ka ʻono manu. ʻO ka hopena kiʻekiʻe loa no kēlā me kahi hekahi e pili ana i 656 mau kekona. Hoʻomaka ma hope o ka ʻū ʻana e kokoke i ka pau - 94-96%. Aāpai ʻia no ke kanu ʻana i ka moku ma Central.
Naʻu Red Hawk F1he honu o nā pā ʻāina. ʻO nā pōpōpō he ʻano lapalapa a hiki aku i ka lehulehu i ka 85-98 g. ʻO nā lau ʻāpana o ka ʻulaʻula, ʻona - ʻulaʻula-ʻulaʻula. ʻO ka pelepule maloʻo mau a ʻelua a ʻekolu paha. ʻO ka ʻono ʻono o ka ʻono ʻaina o ka umauma he peninsular. Loaʻa ka uku kiʻekiʻe no kēlā me kahi hekahi 1314 mau kenekulia. Ka pau ʻana o ka huhū ma hope o ke ʻano ʻana. Noi ʻia no ke kanu ʻana i nā kaona a me nā pae o Volga.
I ke Bana Opiona F1 
ʻO Rowheid F1 
Kaukahi Red Hawk F1Naʻu PotemkinHe ʻano laha ʻaina kēia. ʻO ke ʻano o nā pulu o kēia ʻano he transvertly elliptical, ʻo kā lākou papaleka e pili ana i ka 75-88 g. ʻO nā ʻāpana lau maloʻo he hue-ʻulaʻula ʻulaʻula, ʻono - ʻulaʻula-ʻulaʻula. Nā paila maloʻo mai ʻelua a ʻekolu paha. Ka ʻono o ka ʻono manu. Loaʻa ka hopena kiʻekiʻe i 530 mau keneta no hoʻokahi hectare. Hoʻomaka ma hope o ka hoʻomaikaʻi ʻana i ka 94-96%. Aāpai ʻia no ke kanu ʻana i ka moku ma Central.
Naʻu KerzhakHe ʻano laha ʻaina kēia. He ʻano lapalapa nā pōpō o ka lapalapa, hiki i ka nui o 78. He mauʻu-ʻulaʻula, ka ʻulaʻula, ka ʻulaʻulaʻula. ʻEkolu a ʻehā paha mau ʻāina maloʻo. ʻO ka ʻono ʻono o ka ʻono ʻaina o ka umauma he peninsular. ʻO ka hopena kiʻekiʻe loa no kēlā me kahi hekahi 580 mau mea. Loaʻa ka ʻokoʻa no ka mālama wā lōʻihi, ma hope o ka ʻaʻa ʻana, ka make ʻana o 94-96%. Aāpai ʻia no ke kanu ʻana i ka moku ma Central.
Naʻu Gula o ke kauwela, nā ʻāpana ʻōpala. He ʻōwili ka ʻolima, a hiki i ka nui o 95-98 g. ʻO ka pāpaʻu integumentary e ʻeleʻeleʻeleʻele, ʻeleʻele ka ʻāpana. A i ʻelua a ʻekolu paha o nā flegument flakes. ʻO ka ʻono o nā unahi peninsular ʻona. ʻO ka hopena kiʻekiʻe loa o ka lime he 665 mau keneta no hoʻokahi hectare. Ma hope o ka ʻūwili ʻana, ʻike ʻia ka makala ma kahi o 96-97%. Aāpai ʻia no ke kanu ʻana i nā kaona a me ka ʻeleʻele o ka Honua.
Naʻu Euro 12, nā ʻāpana ʻōpala. Hōʻalo ʻia nā pulu o nā ʻōpala, hiki i ka nui o 61 g. He ʻōmaʻomaʻo nā ʻōkala integumentary, a he keʻokeʻo nā keʻokeʻo. ʻO nā ʻōpala maloʻo he ʻekolu a ʻehā paha. ʻO ka ʻono o nā unahi peninsular ʻona. Loaʻa ka uku kiʻekiʻe no kēlā he hekahi ma luna o 560 mau kenekulia. Hoʻohana kūpono ka nui me ka mālama lōʻihi. Hoʻomaka ma hope o ka ʻūwili ʻana he 95-96%. Aāpai ʻia no ke kanu ʻana i ka moku ma Central.
Naʻu Braxton F1he honu o nā pā ʻāina. He ʻōwili ka laupili a hiki i ka laulā o ke ao he 118 g ʻO nā unahi o ka integumentary e pena ʻia i ka ʻulaʻulaʻeleʻele, a o nā ʻāpana o mua, he keʻokeʻo-uliuli. ʻAʻole nui nā peʻa maloʻo - ʻelua a ʻekolu paha. ʻO ka ʻono o nā unahi peninsular ʻona. ʻO ka palena kiʻekiʻe loa no kēlā me kahi hekahi 700 700 mau mea. Ma hope o ka ʻūwili ʻana, hoʻopau ʻia ka hānai ʻana. Aāpai ʻia no ke kanu ʻana i nā kahe a me Central Caucasus.
Naʻu Pokikahe, nā ʻāpana ʻōpala. Hoʻokomo ʻia nā ʻōpala i nā helehelena, hiki i ka lehulehu o 89 g. ʻO nā pāpaʻi integumentary e ʻulaʻula i ka kala a ʻo nā ʻāpana o loko ka ʻeleʻele-keʻokeʻo. He ʻelima mau ʻāpana lau maloʻo. Loaʻa ka uku kiʻekiʻe no kēlā me kahi he 760 mau keneta. Ma hope o ka make ʻana o ka ʻano, like ka maturation he 91-92%. Aāpai ʻia no ke kanu ʻana i ka moku ma Central.
Naʻu Kaʻaina F1he honu o nā pā ʻāina. ʻO ke ʻano o ka umauma he elliptical ākea, me ka lōʻihi o ka lōʻihi o 128 g. He ʻeleʻele nā lau ʻāpana nā kaha intebumentary a ʻo nā ʻāpana o loko a keʻokeʻo-uliuli. ʻEkolu a ʻehā ʻehā paha o nā kaulike maloʻo. ʻO ka ʻono o nā unahi peninsular ʻona. ʻO ka hopena kiʻekiʻe loa no kēlā me kahi hekahi e pili ana i 688 mau mea. Ka pau ʻana o ka huhū ma hope o ke ʻano ʻana. Aāpai ʻia no ke kanu ʻana i nā kahe a me Central Caucasus.
Na Opiona Braxton F1 
Kauka Boatswain 
Na Onioni Wrestler F1Naʻu AtamanHe ʻano laha ʻaina kēia. ʻO ke ʻano o ka peʻa he elliptical ka lōʻihi, ʻo ia ka lōʻihi o ka lōʻihi he 89 g. ʻO nā kekeʻe maloʻo mau ʻelua a ʻekolu paha. ʻO ka ʻono o nā unahi peninsular ʻona. ʻO ka hopena kiʻekiʻe loa o ka lime he 610 mau keneta no hoʻokahi hectare. Ma hope o ka ʻūwili ʻana, hoʻomaka ke kiko o nā ʻōpala he 95%. Aāpai ʻia no ke kanu ʻana i nā kaona a me ka ʻeleʻele o ka Honua.
Naʻu Kāhea, hiki ke ulu i loko o ka moʻomeheu makahiki a ma ka moʻomeheu mau makahiki. He ʻano laha ʻaina kēia. He ʻano ka hiʻohiʻona o ka umauma, ua like ka nui o ka umauma mai 69 a 89 g. ʻO ka pāpaʻi integumentary he melemele i ka kala, ʻo loko o loko ke keʻokeʻo. Hiki i nā lōpeke maloʻo mai ʻekolu a ʻehā ʻāpana. ʻO ka ʻono o nā unahi peninsular ʻona. ʻO ka palena kiʻekiʻe loa no kēlā me kahi hekahi e pili ana i 520 mau keneta. Kūpono ka ʻano momona no ka mālama lōʻihi. ʻO ka ʻāpono ʻana o nā pulu ma hope o ka hoʻomaʻemaʻe ʻana i ka 96-97%. Aāpai ʻia no ke kanu ʻana i ka moku ma Central.
ʻO nā ʻano 'ē aʻe a me nā pōkole o nā aniani no ka ʻāina ʻo Volga-Vyatka
ʻO ka ʻehā ʻehā, ʻo Volga-Vyatka, eia nā mea hou i koho ʻia no ka hoʻohuihui ʻikepili i hōʻike ʻia e nā ʻano a me nā ʻano lehelehe: CB 3557 ND F1, Sima a Talisman F1.
Naʻu CB 3557 ND F1he pua ia o ka wā ʻōpala mua. He ʻano ka hiʻohiʻona o ka umauma, ua like ka nui o ka umauma mai 75 a 95. He mau ʻāpana nā ʻōlaʻi ma ka ʻāpana, a ʻo nā ʻāpana o loko, ʻona ona mau loko ona. ʻEhā a ʻelima mau ʻāpana maloʻo paha. ʻO ka ʻono o nā unahi peninsular ʻona. ʻO ka nui o ka hoʻouka ʻana he 680 mau keneta no hoʻokahi hectare. ʻO ka ʻū ʻana o nā pulu ma hope o ka make ʻana o ka lā he 96%. Noi ʻia no ke kanu ʻana i nā ʻāina ʻo Central a me Volga-Vyatka.
Naʻu Sima, nā ʻāpana ʻōpala. ʻO ke ʻano o ka umauma he elliptical, ākea ka nui o ka papa i ka 82 i ka 108 g. ʻO ka integumentary, maloʻo, pae ʻia nā ʻāpana ʻulaʻulaʻula i ka kala, a he keʻokeʻo nā ʻaoʻao o loko. ʻEkolu a ʻehā ʻehā paha o nā kaulike maloʻo. Loaʻa ka ʻono o nā unahi ʻono, ʻo nā mea ʻala kūpono no ka salala. ʻO ka hopena kiʻekiʻe no kēlā he hekili he 661 mau keneta. Ka pau ʻana o ka huhū ma hope o ke ʻano ʻana. Noi ʻia no ke kanu ʻana i nā Central, Volga-Vyatka, Central Black Earth, Lower Volga a me Far East ʻāina
Naʻu Talisman F1he honu o nā pā ʻāina. ʻO ke ʻano o ka umauma i ka ʻaoʻao, ua like ka nui o ka umauma mai ke aniani a 92 a hiki i ke 118 g. ʻO nā palaleka integumentary he ʻeleʻele ulaula i ka kala, a ʻulaʻula nā loko o loko. ʻO nā unahi momona piha, aia nā ʻekolu a ʻehā mau ʻāpana. ʻO ka momona o nā unahi uwila he semi-koi, ua kūpono ka hybrid no ka hoʻopau ʻana i nā ʻōpala hou. ʻO ka hopena kiʻekiʻe no kēlā he hekili he 680 mau keneta. Ma hope o ka hōʻiliʻili ʻana, hiki i ka make o nā puhiluhi i ka 94-95%. Noi ʻia no ke kanu lāʻau ma nā ʻāina ʻo Central, Volga-Vyatka a me North Caucasus
Onina CB 3557 ND F1 
Oniona Sim 
Naonaona Pihi F1Nā ʻano like a me nā hōʻima o nā ʻoliki no ka ʻāpana o ka Central Black Earth
ʻO ka ʻāina ʻelima, Central Black Earth, he mau mea hou i loaʻa i nā ʻano o nā wā o ka wā a me nā kau o nā wā i hala. Sitnik, Rokito F1, Kēlā ʻāpana, Gordion, Keaka ʻōiwi, ʻO Bashar.
Naʻu Sitnik, hope ʻala ʻaina. He ʻano poepoe ke ʻano o ka umauma, ua like ka nui o ka lehulehu mai 72 a 87 g. ʻO nā mea ʻona integumentary he ʻulaʻula ulaula, a i loko o loko nā ʻulaʻula-ʻulaʻula. Aia ʻelua mau mea kaulike i pau. ʻOno i ka ʻala ʻala ʻono i ka peninsular - kūpono no ka ʻai hou. Loaʻa ka uku kiʻekiʻe no kēlā me kahi he80 i 680 mau kenekulia. Ma hope o ka ʻūhū ʻana, ua paʻa ka ulu ʻana o nā umauma. Aāpai ʻia no ke kanu ʻana i nā kaona a me ka ʻeleʻele o ka Honua
Naʻu Rokito F1he honu o nā pā ʻāina. Kuhi ʻia ke ʻano o ka umauma, ua ʻike kēlā me kēlā me kēia nui o 88 g. ʻO nā unahi integumentary he ʻāpana i ka kala, a he keʻokeʻo nā ʻaoʻao o loko. He ʻelima a ʻeono paha nā ʻāpana maloʻo. ʻO ka ʻono o nā unahi momona o kēia pōpoki he peninsular. ʻO ka palena kiʻekiʻe loa no kēlā me kahi hekahi e pili ana i 317 mau mea. ʻO ka ʻōpū o nā pulu ma hope o ka make ʻana e pili ana i ka 98%. Noi ʻia no ke kanu ʻana i ka ʻāina ʻo Black Black Earth
Naʻu Kēlā ʻāpana, he ʻano o ka wā ʻōpala mua. ʻO ke ʻano o ka umauma he transverse kuʻili elliptical, ʻo ka loa ka nui o 101 g. Hoʻohālikelike ʻia nā pale pā maka ma ka ʻōmaʻomaʻo ʻōmaʻomaʻo, nā keʻokeʻo i keʻokeʻo-ʻōmaʻomaʻo i ka kala. Kahu piha maloʻo ʻehā, ʻehā mau ʻāpana. ʻO ka ʻono o nā ʻāpana ʻona o kēia ʻano he peninsular. Loaʻa ka hopena kiʻekiʻe i ka 296 mau keneta no ka hekahi. Ma hope o ka ʻūhā ʻana, ʻo ka ulu ʻana o nā ʻōpala he 98%. Noi ʻia no ke kanu ʻana i ka ʻāina ʻo Black Black Earth
Naʻu GordionHe ʻano laha ʻaina kēia. Kuhi ʻia ke ʻano o ka umauma, ua like ka nui o ka umauma mai ke aniani a 92 a hiki i 138 g. Hoʻohālikelike ʻia nā pale pālaʻu ma ka pale polū, ke keʻokeʻo nā ʻāpana o loko. He ʻekolu mau kumu ʻāpana maloʻo loa. ʻO ka ʻono o nā ʻāpana ʻona o kēia ʻano he peninsular. ʻO ka nui loa no ka hekili he 1022 keneta. Ma hope o ka ʻūhū ʻana, ua paʻa ka ulu ʻana o nā umauma. Noi ʻia no ke kanu ʻana i ka Central Black Earth a me ka lalo o nā kūlanakauhale Volga ma lalo aʻe
Naʻu Keaka ʻōiwiHe ʻano laha ʻaina kēia. ʻO ke ʻano o ka umauma he rhombic, ʻo ka laulā ma ka 75 a hiki i ka 98 g. ʻO ke kala ʻōlaʻi he peʻe ke keʻokeʻo, a ʻo nā ʻāpana ʻāpana he wahi keʻokeʻo-ʻōmaʻomaʻo. I ka awelika, ʻekolu mau ʻāpana ʻōpala maloʻo nui ʻekolu, ʻehā hoʻi a ʻehā pinepine. ʻO ka momona o nā unahi o ka ʻona o nā peninsular. Ua kuhi ʻia ka loaʻa nui loa ma ka wahi o Belgorod, he 314 mau mea he pākēlā. Ma hope o ka ʻū ʻana, piha a piha paha ka piha ʻana o nā ʻōpū. Noi ʻia no ke kanu ʻana i ka ʻāina ʻo Black Black Earth
Naʻu ʻO BasharHe ʻano laha ʻaina kēia. ʻO ke ʻano o ka umauma he mea pōʻai, ʻo ka laulā mai ka 96 a hiki i 118 g. ʻO ka ʻaoʻao o ke kō, nā lau maloʻo e paʻi ʻia i kahi hiula melemele-melemele, loko, loko i loko o ka ʻulaʻulaʻula i ke kala. ʻO ka ʻono nā moʻohelu ʻawaʻawa. Ua hoʻopaʻa ʻia ka hopena kiʻekiʻe ma ka wahi o Volgograd, he 1387 ka nui o ia e ka hekahi, ʻo ka huahelu he 350-400 keneta no kēlā hectare. Kē ʻia ka ʻōpū ʻana o nā ʻōpala ma hope o ka make ʻana a piha a kokoke paha. E hoʻokaʻawale ʻia no ka kanu ʻana i ka Central Black Earth, North Caucasus a me Lower Volga ʻāina
Na Leo Onioni 
Naʻu BonaNā ʻano like a me nā hōʻiliʻu o nā ʻoliki no ka ʻĀpana Caucasus
ʻElua mau ʻāina ʻoihana, ʻ Clelo Caucasian, i ʻike ʻia nā mea hoʻonani hoihoi e nā ʻano like a me nā ʻano puʻu: Kelepona, Hoʻolaha, Hoʻohuui, Zoe F1, Capricorn F1, Nāwahī, Kauakaina, Margot, Marie, Primo, Samantha F1, Yalta Keʻokeʻo.
Naʻu Kelepona, he ʻano o ka makana waena. He ʻano poepoe ke ʻano o ka umauma, ua like ka nui o ka lehulehu mai 95 a 125 g. ʻO ka ʻaoʻao, ka launa maloʻo he ʻeleʻele melemele, a o loko, loko ona ʻano ʻāpana ʻāpana me ka hau. I ka maʻamau, ʻehāʻehā a ʻehā paha paha nā pāpaʻu maloʻo. ʻO ka ʻono o nā unahi peninsular ʻona. ʻO ka hopena kiʻekiʻe loa o nā ʻano mea i ʻike ʻia ma ka moku ʻo Stavropol, ma kahi o 436 mau keneta pākahi. Hoʻololi ʻia nā huahana huahelu mai 290 a 380 mau keneta no ka hekahi. ʻO ka ʻūhū ʻana o nā ʻōpala ma mua o ka hōʻiliʻili ʻana he 80% ma hope o ka ʻūhū ʻana e pili ana i ka 94-95%. Kahi kūpono o kēlā ʻano o kēia ʻano. Aāpai ʻia no ke kanu ʻana i ka ʻĀpana Caucasus.
Naʻu Hoʻolaha, kēia mālamalama hemolele hope. He ʻano ka hiʻohiʻona o ka umauma, ua like ka nui o kēlā me kēia ma waena o 92 a hiki i ke 118 g. ʻEkolu a ʻehā ʻāpana o nā paʻi piha. ʻO ka ʻono o nā unahi peninsular ʻona. ʻO ka hopena kiʻekiʻe loa o nā ʻano mea i ʻike ʻia ma ka moku o Stavropol, ua loaʻa iā ia he 377 mau keneta ma kēlā he hekahi. Hoʻololi ʻia nā huahana huahelu mai 290 a 320 mau keneta no ka hekahi. Ma mua o ka hōʻiliʻili ʻana, ʻo ka make ʻana o nā pulu he 91-93%, ma hope o ka ʻūlū ʻana a hiki i kona piha. Aāpai ʻia no ke kanu ʻana i ka ʻĀpana Caucasus.
Naʻu Hoʻohuui, He ʻano laha like ʻole kēia. He ʻano poepoe ka hiʻohiʻona o ka umauma, ua like ka nui o ka umauma mai 93 a 138 g. ʻO ka nui o nā unahi maloʻo ma waena o ʻekolu a ʻehā. ʻO ka ʻono o nā unahi peninsular ʻona. ʻO ka helu nui o nā ʻano i hoʻopaʻa ʻia ma Stavropol Territory, kahi i kau ai ʻo 549 mau keneta no hoʻokahi hectare, ua loaʻa ka hopena awelika mai 270 a 365 mau mea keneta. Ma mua o ka hōʻiliʻili ʻana, ʻo ka ulu ʻana o nā pulu he 90%, ma hope o ka ʻūlū ʻana a hiki i ka 96%. He kūpono ke ʻano no ka mālama ʻana i ka manawa lōʻihi. Aāpai ʻia no ke kanu ʻana i ka ʻĀpana Caucasus.
Naʻu Zoe F1he hiʻona o ka waena o ka hope o ka wā. He ʻano ka hiʻohiʻona o ka umauma, ua like ka nui o ka umauma mai 93 a 118 g. He ʻulaʻulaʻula ka ʻula, nā ʻāpana lau, i loko o ka ʻulaʻula. ʻO kahi lehulehu o nā unahi maloʻo - ʻeono a ʻehiku mau ʻāpana. ʻO ka ʻono o ka ʻona palekōne e pīpī i ka peninsular ʻO ka nui o ka hua o kēia ʻano pōʻaiapili he mea i hoʻopaʻa ʻia ma ka moku Volgograd a he 1110 mau haneli i ka hectare, ua loaʻa ka pae awelika mai ka 250 a 490 mau kenekulia pākahi. Ma mua o ka hōʻiliʻili ʻana, ʻo ka moʻomeheu o nā pulu he 88%, ma hope o ka ʻūhū ʻana ua piha kona piha. Aāpai ʻia no ke kanu ʻana i nā ʻĀkana North a me lalo o nā kūlanakauhale ʻo Volga
Naʻu Capricorn F1he pua ia o ka wā ʻōpala mua. ʻO ke ʻano o ke aniani ka pālahalaha ākea, ʻokoʻa ka lōʻihi mai ka 16 i ka 128 g. He ʻōmaʻomaʻo nā ʻōlaʻi o ka papa maka, a ʻulaʻula wale nā ʻāpana o loko. Hiki i ke a ʻelua a ʻekolu paha mau kaulua momona. Ka momona o ka ʻono, ʻono nā unahi ʻeleʻele, no laila ke kūpono ka hybrid no ka uala a me ka ʻai hou. ʻO ka hopena kiʻekiʻe o ka pāpī i kau ʻia ma ka Stavropol Territory, ma kahi o 425 mau keneta pākahi, ua loaʻa ka hopena o ka huahelu mai 230 a 360 mau keneka i hoʻokahi hectare. Ma mua o ka hōʻiliʻili ʻana, hiki i ka make ʻana i ka 88%, ma hope o ka ʻūhū ʻana ua hiki i ka 97%. Aāpai ʻia no ke kanu ʻana i ka ʻĀpana Caucasus.
Naʻu NāwahīHe ʻano laha ʻaina kēia. He ʻano ka hiʻohiʻona o ka umauma, ua like ka nui o ka umauma mai 93 a 118 g. ʻO ka nui o nā pahu maloʻo he ʻekolu a ʻehā paha. ʻO ka ʻono o nā unahi ili he peninsular. Loaʻa ka hopena kiʻekiʻe o ka nui i ka 472 mau keneta ma kahi hectare a ua ʻike ʻia ma ka Teritori o Stavropol, ʻokoʻa ka pae awelika mai ka 270 a 380 mau keneka pākahi. Ma mua o ka hōʻiliʻili ʻana, ʻo ka make ʻana he 84%, ma hope o ka hoʻomaʻamaʻa ʻana ua hiki i ka 91%. Aāpai ʻia no ke kanu ʻana i ka ʻĀpana Caucasus.
Naʻu Kauakaina, he ʻano o ka wā lahilahi. He ʻano ka hiʻohiʻona o ka umauma, ua like ka nui o ka umauma mai 93 a hiki i 118 g. ʻO nā lau ʻāpana ka ʻulaʻula, he melemele, a ʻo nā ʻāpana ʻāpana keokeo. ʻO ka nui o nā lau maloʻo he ʻekolu a ʻehā paha ʻāpana. ʻO ka ʻono nā ʻona ʻono he peninsular. ʻO ka lawe nui loa o nā ʻano i hoʻopaʻa ʻia ma ka moku ʻo Stavropol a ua loaʻa iā ia ka 444 mau mea keneta ma kahi hectare. Hoʻololi ʻia nā huahana huahelu mai 280 a 380 mau mea kenekulia. ʻO ka ʻū ʻana o nā pulu ma mua o ka hōʻiliʻili ʻana he 79-81%, ma hope o ka ʻūhū ʻana e pili ana i ka 96%. Aāpai ʻia no ke kanu ʻana i ka ʻĀpana Caucasus.
Oniona Zoe F1 
ʻO nā pua ʻeluʻohiNaʻu Margot, he ʻano o ka wā ʻōpala mua. He ʻano ka hiʻohiʻona o ka umauma, ua like ka nui o ke aniani mai ka 83 a 127 g. ʻO ke kāʻei kumu kai ke ʻulaʻula, a he keʻokeʻo. ʻO ka nui o nā unahi maloʻo ʻehā a ʻehā paha mau ʻāpana. ʻO ka ʻono o nā unahi peninsular ʻona. ʻO ka hoʻonui nui loa o nā ʻano mea i ʻike ʻia ma ka Teritori o Stavropol a ua loaʻa iā 463 mau keneta no ka hekahi, a ua ʻokoʻa ka nui o ka makahiki 195 a 300 mau kenekulia ma kahi hekahi. Ma mua o ka hōʻiliʻili ʻana, ʻo ka make ʻana o ka maʻi maʻi he 92%, ma hope o ka ʻūhū ʻana ua hoʻokokoke ʻo ia i ka 97%. Aāpai ʻia no ke kanu ʻana i ka ʻĀpana Caucasus.
Naʻu MarieʻO kēia kahi ʻano lihi mua. He ʻano ka hiʻohiʻona o ka umauma, ua like ka nui o ka umauma mai ka 83 a hiki i ka 105 g He ʻōmole keʻokeʻo nā hiʻohiʻona papa ʻōlelo i loko o ka ʻula, nā ʻāpana ʻeleʻele e maʻa ke keʻokeʻo. Helu ʻia ka nui o nā unahi maloʻo mai ʻekolu a ʻehā. ʻO ka ʻono o nā ʻāpana ʻona o kēia ʻano he semi-koi, kūpono ke ʻano no nā salads a me nā kīʻaha koʻikoʻi. Ua hoʻopaʻa ʻia ka hopena kiʻekiʻe ma ka wahi no Stavropol Territory, ma kahi o 493 mau kenekulia ma ka hekahi, ua loaʻa ka hopena awelika mai ka 230 a i ka 430 mau keneta no ka hekahi. Ma mua o ka hōʻiliʻili ʻana, hoʻomaka ka puna i ka 85-86%, ma hope o ka ʻūhū ʻana, hiki i ka ʻōpū o ka make o 96% o. Aāpai ʻia no ke kanu ʻana i ka ʻĀpana Caucasus.
Naʻu Primo, Mokuna mua. He ʻano ka hiʻohiʻona o ka umauma, ua like ka nui o ke aniani mai ka 82 a 118 g. Hiki i ka nui o nā unahi maloʻo ke loli mai ka ʻekolu a i ʻole ʻelima. Kahi paona ʻona e hoʻāʻo i nā peninsular. ʻO ka nui o kēlā me kēia hekahi i ʻike ʻia ma ka wahi o Rostov, kahi i 303 mau haneli he hekena, ʻo ka huahelu o nā ʻano he ʻano like mai 230 a 280 mau keneta i hoʻokahi hectare. Ma mua o ka hōʻiliʻili ʻana, ʻo ka ʻaumala e pili ana ia i ka 86%, ma hope o ka ʻala ʻana aʻe e hoʻokokoke ana i kahi piha. Aāpai ʻia no ke kanu ʻana i ka ʻĀpana Caucasus.
Naʻu Samantha F1, He luele waenehua nei. He ʻano ka hiʻohiʻona o ka umauma, ua like ka nui o ka umauma mai 93 a 108 g. ʻO ka nui o nā unahi i maloʻo loa loa - a ʻehiku ʻāpana. Ka ʻono o ka ʻona kūloko. Ua kuhi ʻia ka hopena kiʻekiʻe ma ka wahi o Volgograd, a ma muli o 522 mau keneki pākahi, ua hoʻololi ʻia ka nui o waena ma waena o 285 - 360 mau mea pākahi. Ma mua o ka hōʻiliʻili ʻana, ka hoʻomaka ʻana o nā puka ʻana o ka 85%, i loko o ke ʻano o ka wā e ʻohi ai, piʻi i ka 97%. Aāpai ʻia no ke kanu ʻana i nā ʻĀkana North a me lalo o nā kūlanakauhale ʻo Volga.
Naʻu Yalta Keʻokeʻo, he ʻano o ka wā ʻōpala mua. He ʻano ka hiʻohiʻona o ka umauma, ua like ka laulā mai 73 a hiki i ka 98 g. ʻO ke kaulike ma ka ʻaoʻao ke peʻe ʻia a keʻokeʻo a ʻulaʻula. ʻO ka nui o nā unahi maloʻo liʻiliʻi, ʻelua wale nō. ʻO ka momona o nā unahi momona, leʻaleʻa, nā peninsular. ʻO ka pae kiʻekiʻe o nā ʻano i hoʻopaʻa ʻia ma Stavropol Territory, kahi i helu ai ʻo ia i 550 mau mea he hekena, ʻo ka huahelu he ʻano mai 243 a 290 mau kenekulia ma ka hekahi. Ma mua o ka hōʻiliʻili ʻana, ʻoki ʻia nā hue e 89-91%; ma hope o ka ʻūhū ʻana hou, ka mānoanoa ʻana o ka ʻū ʻana o nā ʻano. Aāpai ʻia no ke kanu ʻana i ka ʻĀpana Caucasus.
Nauka leona Margot 
Na Onioni Samantha F1 
Iona Yalta keʻokeʻoNā ʻano like a me nā hōʻima o nā ʻoliki no ka ʻāpana o ka Middle Volga
ʻO ka ʻehiku mau ʻāina, ʻo ka Middle Volga, ma waena o nā ʻōlani laupili he mea loaʻa wale nō kahi kiʻi Medallion F1.
Naʻu Medallion F1he honu o nā pā ʻāina. He ʻano poepoe ke ʻano o ka umauma, ua like ka nui o ka umauma mai 73 a 89 g. ʻO ka nui o nā lau maloʻo he ʻehā mau ʻāpana. ʻO ka momona o nā unahi momona i loko o kēia hāpana he semi-koi. ʻO ka hopena kiʻekiʻe o ka pāpī i hoʻopaʻa ʻia ma ka moku o Moscow, he 510 mau mea keneta ma kēlā he hectare. Hoʻololi ʻia ka uku awelika mai 170 a 320 mau mea. Ma mua o ka hōʻiliʻili ʻana, ʻaʻole kiʻekiʻe loa ka hoʻomaka ʻana o ka puhakaha a me nā kālā he 67-68%, ma hope o ka ʻūlū ʻana a kokoke ia. Hoʻolaha ʻia no ka kanu ʻana i ka Central, Central Black Earth, ka Central Volga a me East Siberian faritra.
Onani Medallion F1Nā ʻano like a me nā hōʻima o nā ʻoliki no ka mea o ka pae o Vol Volga
ʻO ka ʻāina ʻewalu, ʻo Volga lalo, mai nā ʻano mea hou ma kēia: Airoso F1, Campero F1 a Rosa Di Ferenze.
Naʻu Airoso F1he honu o nā pā ʻāina. ʻO ka hiʻohiʻona o ka umauma he laulā hua-like, ʻano ka nui mai ka 105 i ka 128 g. ʻO nā pāpaʻi papahele he ʻulaʻula, loko, ʻono - ʻulaʻula-ʻōmaʻomaʻo. ʻO ka nui o nā unahi i piha ʻia ma ka ʻekolu. He ʻono ʻaina semi-ʻoi ka ʻili. ʻO ka hopena nui o ka pāpī i kau ʻia ma ka moku Volgograd a ua loaʻa iā 1400 mau keneta no hoʻokahi hectare. Mahele like ka nui o ka hōʻulu ʻana ma muli o ka mālama a me ka ulu ʻana o ka lepo a ma waena o 385 a 760 mau kenekulia i hoʻokahi hectare. Ma mua o ka hōʻiliʻili ʻana, hiki i ka make ʻana ʻo 91%, ma hope o ka ʻūhū hou ʻana ua pau mau. Noi ʻia no ke kanu ʻana i ka ʻāina ʻo Volava.
Naʻu Campero F1he papa waena waena e lohi nei. ʻO kahi hiʻohiʻona o ka umauma he laulā-obovate. Hiki i ka laulima o ka umauma i kēlā me kēia - mai ka 85 a i ka 155 g. ʻO nā mea kākela i kālai ʻia i ka waihoʻoluʻu ʻulaʻulaʻeleʻele, i loko - i loko o ka keʻokeʻo-uliuli. ʻO ka nui o nā unahi maloʻo ʻuʻuku, ʻekolu ʻāpana wale nō. ʻO ka momona o nā paona peninsular o loko. ʻO ka helu nui o ka pāpī i hoʻopaʻa ʻia ma ka ʻāina Volgograd a ua loaʻa i ka 1068 mau mea keneta ma hoʻokahi hectare, ua loaʻa ka hopena awelika mai ka 360 a 565 keneta no kēlā hectare. Ma mua o ka hōʻiliʻili ʻana, hiki i ka ulu ʻana o nā ʻōpala he 89%, ma hope o ka ʻūhū hou ʻana ua pau. Noi ʻia no ke kanu ʻana i ka ʻāina ʻo Volava.
Naʻu Rosa Di FerenzeHe ʻano laha ʻaina kēia. ʻO nā hiʻohiʻona o ka umauma i nehulu loa, ua loli ka nui o ka 85 a 155 g. He ʻulaʻula nui nā ʻōmaka kumu, a he ʻulaʻula-ʻulaʻula nā loko. He liʻiliʻi nā launa maloʻo, ʻelua mau ʻāpana. Ka ʻono o ka ʻono ʻona ʻono. Ua hoʻopaʻa ʻia ka hopena kiʻekiʻe ma ka wahi o Volgograd, aia he 1299 mau mea keneta no kēlā hectare, ʻoi aku ka nui o ka hōʻulu ʻana ma waena o 280 a 400 mau keneka no kēlā hectare. Ma mua o ka ʻoki ʻana i nā ʻōpala, ʻo ka piha ka mea e pili ana i ka 90%, ma hope o ka ʻūhū hou ʻana ua piha. Noi ʻia no ke kanu ʻana i ka ʻāina ʻo Volava.
Hoʻokahi Kuna Campero F1 
Oniua Rosa Di FerencNā ʻano like me nā ʻano leaka o ka ʻona no ka ʻāina mamao o Far East
ʻO ka ʻumikūmālua ʻumikūmālua, Far Eastern, hoʻokahi huahana hou - kahi ʻano Yakut Keʻena.
Naʻu Yakut Keʻena, hiki ke ulu i loko o ka moʻomeheu makahiki a ma ka moʻomeheu mau makahiki. Hoʻohālikelike ʻia kēia ʻano hua e kahi wā ʻala hope. ʻEleʻele ka unahi ʻona o ka papahele, he ʻulaʻula ulaula ka mea i loko. ʻO ka helu ʻehā o nā unahi maloʻo ʻekolu mau ʻāpana ʻehā. ʻO ka ʻono o nā unahi ili he peninsular. Ua hoʻopaʻa ʻia ka hopena kiʻekiʻe ma ka wahi o Volgograd, he 1040 mau pākahi no ia hectare, ua loaʻa ka pae awelika mai ka 320 a 425 mau mea pākahi. Ma mua o ka ʻohi ʻana i nā ʻōpala, ʻo kā lākou mākeke he 84-85%, ma hope o ka ʻūhū ʻana hou ʻana. Hoʻolaha ʻia no ka kanu ʻana i ka Central Black Earth, North Caucasus, Lower Volga a me Far Eastern ʻāina.
Nauka Kauha YakutHiki i kēia mau ʻano āpau a me nā hua ʻai o nā kāleka ke loaʻa maʻalahi i nā hua a i ʻole nā ʻamala. Kūpono i nā subtleties a pau o ka ulu ʻana i kēia moʻomeheu, hiki iā ʻoe ke hoʻokō i nā makana kiʻekiʻe.
