Loaʻa kahi lāʻau pīhoihoi i kūlū ʻia i Asia Minor, kahi lālani i kēia lā i loaʻa i kahi ʻano ulu lāʻau ulu i loko o nā ʻāina o Central a me Southern Europe a me North Africa, ʻo ka Middle East a me ka Caucasus, Afghanistan, Pakistan a me India. Ma laila ua hoʻomaka ka ulu ʻana i nā mea kanu i kanu ʻia a lilo i kumu no nā ʻano ʻala palau - nā hua ʻulu maloʻo, kahi i hoʻomaʻamaʻa maikaʻi mai ka ʻono o nā pā iʻa a ua hana e hana i nā inu ʻono.
ʻO nā hua o ka barberry, i mālama ʻia ma nā lālā o kahi pua mai ka pua a i ka puna a ʻaʻole e nalowale i nā waiwai waiwai a hiki i ka waʻu maloʻo loa, ua manaʻo ʻia he hōʻailona o ka lōʻihi a me ka hoʻomanawanui ma ka Hikina.
Mai ka wā kahiko, hoʻohana nā kauka Arab a me India i ka barberry i ka mālama ʻana i nā maʻi o nā kino o loko, ua hoʻohana ʻia nā hua o ke kala e hoʻōla, nā hōʻiho i ka lāʻau. Mākaukau nā hoʻomākaukau ʻana mai barberry no ka hoʻoilo i nā mea ikaika i nā hua.
ʻO ka hōʻiliʻili ʻana i ka manawa a me nā ʻano o nā hua barberry
ʻO nā haʻawina hou o ka hoʻohui ʻana o nā hua barberry ua hōʻoia i ka waiwai o nā kumuwaiwai kūlohelohe e like me ka lāʻau lapaʻau a me ka waiā. Hoʻokahi haneri haneli o ka hua barberry, ma ka mea he kanakolu o nā kūmole, ka nui o nā huaora C a me E, beta-carotene a me anthocyanins, pectins, tannins a me nā waikawa organik. Akā wale nō kēia mau waiwai maoli hiki ke pono i ka wā e pau ai nā hua ʻai, ʻoiai nā hua hua liʻiliʻi, ʻo ka pilu o ka alkaloid berberine o ka meaola i mea pōmaikaʻi no ke kino.
ʻAʻole wale ia, ua lilo ka barberry i mea hoʻonaninani hoʻonani o nā māla kula māla a me nā wahi māla, ʻo kona mau hua he akua akua no nā mea lapaʻau aʻoaʻo. He aha nā mea e hana mai ai i ka barberry a i hiki ke hoʻohana ʻia kāna mau maikaʻi maikaʻi i ka hoʻoilo?
Hoʻohana ʻia nā huaʻai hou e hoʻomākaukau i ka saala aniani, nā ʻōpala, a me nā aniani; ma ke kumu barberry, nā wai inu mua a me nā ʻāpana, mālama a me nā kau no ka ʻai a me nā kīʻaha.
ʻAʻole ia no kekahi mea ma ka Hikina he manaʻo e lilo nā pilaf i ka wā e hāʻule ai ka hua wili o ka barberry ma loko. Hoʻomaka ka manawa no ka koho ʻana i ka hua momona spousle i ka hopena o ka hopena o ka hopena, i ka wā e pau ai nā kiko o nā huaora, nā minerala a me nā mea waiwai ʻē aʻe i nā kānaka i mea nui loa. Akā, ʻaʻole ʻoe e kāpae i ka hōʻiliʻili ʻana, no ka mea, me nā frona koʻikoʻi nui, palalupalu nā hua, a lilo ia i mea paʻakikī e mālama.
Pehea e hoʻomalo ai i ka barberry ma ka home?
ʻO ke ala kaulana loa e hōʻiliʻili ai i nā lāʻau kanu no ka hoʻoilo, e hoʻomoʻa i ka hua. Hiki ke lawe ʻia i ka hau hou, i loko o ka umu hale a i loko o kahi pāpaʻi kūikawā no nā mea kanu lāʻau a me nā hua. Ma mua o ka hoʻomaloʻo ʻana i ka barberry, ka ʻōpala hua ma hope o ka hōʻiliʻili ʻia, hoʻomaʻemaʻe ʻia i nā hua i hoʻopau ʻia a me nā kīnā, holoi a holoi maloʻo hoʻi i nā ʻōpala maʻemaʻe, a laila waiho ʻia ma nā palaualū, nā palepa a i ʻole nā mea e hoʻomoʻa ai:
- Inā maloʻo ka barberry ma ka umu a i ʻole kahi palupalu kūikawā, pono nā mea kanu maka i ka hana mua ʻole e ʻike i ka hoʻomehana ma luna o 50 ºC. Ke hoʻopau wale ka ʻona i ka wai, hoʻōla ka mea mahana i ke keʻena ma 60 ºC.
- ʻO Barberry, ka waiho ʻana no ka hoʻomaloʻo ʻana i ka hau hou, ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o ka uhi ʻia me ka gauze a i ʻole nā wīwī maikaʻi i pale ʻia mai ka makani, nā manu a me nā pepeke. ʻAʻole ʻae ʻia ʻo nā berry i ka hōʻike mai i ka lā maka.
Pono nā ʻōpala i ka wā o ka maloʻo, e ho'āʻo nei e hoʻopōʻino i nā hua a kāohi iā lākou mai ka hoʻopili pū ʻana.
Hoʻoholo ʻia ka hopena o ke kaʻina ma o ka kaomi ʻana i kahi o nā aʻe i loko o ka pā o kou lima. Inā paʻa ka ʻōpala, ʻaʻole e hoʻopaʻa a waiho i nā ʻāpana o ka wai ma nā palma, ua pau ka make, a ua ninini ʻia ka hua ʻoluʻolu i loko o ka wai me nā moʻo piha. ʻO ka barberry maloʻo kiʻekiʻe kiʻekiʻe, e like me i ke kiʻi, hiki ke hōʻike ʻia e:
- nani, ulu momona o ka moʻomeheu;
- koloni kapa ʻulaʻula ʻole, me ka hoʻomālamalama ʻole, nā ʻāpana o ka pākuʻi, ka puhi a me ka lepo;
- paʻū kikinilula.
I ka puka maloʻo, hiki ke mālama ʻia i nā hua a hiki i hoʻokahi makahiki ae lawelawe ʻaʻole wale no nā mea ʻonoʻono a me nā mea inu, akā no ka hoʻōla ʻana.
Hiki paha ke hoʻomākaukau i ka barberry no ka hoʻoilo ma nā ʻano ʻē aʻe? ʻO kaʻoiaʻiʻo, e kōkua nā ʻano pāpaʻu e hoʻopiha hou i ka ʻai i ka manawa anuanu. ʻO kahi kumu hoʻohālikelike ʻo isterizedized, me nā maka ʻole a me ke kaʻina hana. Inā hoʻopili paʻa ʻia ka lau maloʻo maʻemaʻe i loko o nā ipu aniani, ʻo ka paʻalulu a uhi ʻia, paʻa ka barberry i nā mea hou a hiki ke hoʻohana ʻia i ka wā e hiki mai ana ma ke ʻano hōʻala, a no ka hana ʻana i ka pā kūʻokoʻa.
ʻO ka wai kalato, kaʻaila a me ka marmalade
Mai ka barberry, hiki iā ʻoe ke hana i ka mea pono no ka hoʻomākaukau ʻana i nā compots, wai wai, ʻele a me nā mea inu hua. No ka hana ʻana i kēia, nā hua ono, nā ʻāpana mai nā lau, nā ʻōpala a me nā mea pau ʻole, e ninini ʻia me kahi liʻiliʻi o ka wai e uhi i kahi ʻāpana o ka barberry. Ma hope o kēlā, ua waiho ʻia ka ipu me nā huaʻai i ke ahi, lawe ʻia i kahi ʻōpala a hoʻomāluulu ʻia ka barberry palupalu ma kahi pā. Hiki ke ninini ʻia ka wai hopena i loko o nā ipu mai maʻemaʻe, hoʻomoʻi ʻia a hoʻohana ʻia i ka wā hoʻoilo no ka hoʻohuihui i nā waiʻai a me nā pā.
Ke makemake nei i ka mea hiki ke hana ʻia mai nā hua pā barberry, ʻaʻole pono e poina e ka mea ma hope o ka hoʻohui ʻana i kekahi nui o ke kō i honi ʻia, a lilo ia i mea maikaʻi loa no ka ʻele, nā hua ʻaʻai a me nā mea inu ʻē aʻe. Inā ʻoe e hoʻohui mai i ka 750 a i ka 1000 ka nui o ke kōpaʻa no ka kilogram o ka ʻāpana ʻōpala i kā ʻili ʻia i ka wai a hoʻolapalapa i ka hui ʻana, nā pectins kūlohelohe i loko o ka barberry e hoʻohuli i ka pāpaʻī i kā ʻia i loko o ka marmalade a i ʻole kaʻaila homemade.
Barberry Jam no ka hoʻoilo
ʻAʻole e like me ka barberry jelly no ka hoʻoilo a me ka wai mālama, ʻaʻole pono ke kohi a hoʻoulu i ka aila mai nā huaʻai o kēia ulu. 1,5 kime o ke kō a ua like ka nui o ka wai i lawe ʻia mai no 1 kg o nā huaʻa:
- Hoʻokaʻawale ʻia nā hua a holoi ʻia, a laila hoʻopiha ʻia me ka wai, no nā ʻāpana o ka ʻili, a hoʻomaka nā huaʻai i ka wai.
- Ma hope o 8 mau hola, ua ninini ʻia ka barberry me ka kōnō gula a kau i kahi ahi liʻiliʻi.
- Ma hope o 30 mau minuke o ka kuke ʻana, lilo ka huaʻala a maloʻo, a i ka wā nolo i ka ʻōlaʻi i ka ʻōwili lapuwale, ua hoʻoneʻe ʻia ka huina mai ka wela, ua ninini ʻia i loko o nā pahu a waiho ʻia ma kahi pā.
Hoʻomoe kūleʻa barberry maʻa no ka hoʻoilo: ʻohi a me kāwili no nā kīʻaha ʻai
No ka paʻakai ʻana i nā hua barberry i pākahi o ka hua, ua kau ʻia ka lita o ka wai a me ka 120-150 mau paʻakai o ka paʻakai. Inā makemake, nā mea kanu pōpono, no ka laʻana, ka rosemary, basil a me nā oregano, hiki ke hoʻohui ʻia i ka brine, a hiki iā ʻoe ke kau i nā mea ʻalaʻema e like me ka cinnamon, cardamom a me ka pepa i loko o kahi hoʻomākaukau launa no ka hoʻoilo. Hoʻopili paʻa nā hua maloʻo i nā kīʻaha a ninini ʻia me ka brine kuʻi. Ma hope o ka sterilisation, hiki ke mālama ʻia ka lole paʻa no ka moa a me nā kīʻaha pāʻani paha i ke anuanu i ka hoʻoilo. He aha nā mea'ē aʻe e hiki ai ke hana mai ka barberry?
E kōkua nā kime hua kō i nā gourmets i loko o kā lākou kīʻaha e like me India a i ʻĀpana paha. He mea maikaʻi loa ia i ka laiki, nā hoahānau hoahānau a me nā pā hihiʻo.
E koi ʻia ka 250 mau pākahi no ka kilogram o nā hua ʻai barberry waʻa. ʻO ka mea mua, hoʻolapalapa ʻia nā hua i loko o ka wai a ʻūlū, hoʻohei, hoʻokaʻawale i nā hua a me nā ʻalihi mauʻu o ka ʻili, a laila hoʻohui ʻia ka meli i ka puree a lawe ʻia i kahi wī. I kēia manawa ua hoʻohui i nā meaʻala kūlohelohe maoli: cloves, ginger grated, cinnamon a me ka pepa pepa, a me nā mea ʻala āu i makemake ai. Hoʻokuʻu ʻia ka kolo i ka mea wela i ka wā e lilo ai ka mānoanoa, akā, ʻaʻole e nalo i kona ʻano kumu mua ʻulaʻula a me ka momona. Ma hope o ka ninini ʻana i ka huahana i loko o nā ipu aniani, pono ke pālehu ʻia a pani ʻia hoʻi.
Hoʻomau pū ʻia nā mea inu alkohol a me ka inu waina ma ka kumu o ka barberry.
Akā, ʻaʻole maikaʻi wale nā huaʻai. Aia hoʻi kēia mea kanu kupaianaha he mau hua kūpono a me nā lau, ʻo ia ke kumu kūpono ka ʻai kumu maka barberry mākaukau no ka hoʻoilo.
ʻO ka hōʻiliʻili ʻana i ka ʻai anu i ka hoʻoilo ma nā lau
Hoʻopau nā lau, koe wale nō nā mea āpau i loaʻa i nā hua o ka barberry, a momona nā mea momona a me nā mea ʻona. He aha nā mea e hana ai mai nā lau barberry? Hoʻomaʻomaʻo ʻia kēlā mau mea maka e hoʻohana ai i ka wā kukuna o nā kukama, kamalaka a kamato i ka wā kauwela a me ka ʻele. Kahi me nā hua maloʻo, nā lau i ʻoki ʻia e hoʻohui ʻia e like me ka hōʻaʻai ʻana i ka ʻiʻo i paena ʻia.
Akā inā inā ka manawa no ka ʻohi ʻana i nā huaʻai ma waena paha a i ʻelua hapa paha o ka hopena, a laila e hōʻiliʻili nā lau i ka nui loa o nā waiwai maikaʻi i ka Mei a Iune paha. ʻO nā mea momona maikaʻi loa he mau'ōpiopio, e pili ana i 10 cm lōʻihi, a kau nā hua ma luna o lākou. Pehea e lau ai i ka barberry lau i ka pala a me ka umu? ʻO nā mea ʻohi i hōʻiliʻili ʻia, holoi ʻia, ʻōpala me ka napkin, a pālahalaha ʻia ma ka ʻaoʻao pāwī me kahi ʻāpana. I ka wā o ka holoi ʻana i ka umu, ʻaʻole pono nā wela i ka 45-50 ºC.
Inā hōʻiliʻili ʻia ka barberry no ka hoʻoilo, ʻaʻole lauʻeleʻele, nā aʻa a me nā hua, a mālama nā pono āpau.
ʻOi aku ka maʻalahi o ka hoʻomaloʻo ʻana i nā lau i loko o ka wai hou i loko o nā pūliki liʻiliʻi i uhi ʻia me ka olonā a waiho ʻia ma kahi wīwī, i pani ʻia mai ka lā. I nā kūlana like, hoʻopau ka lau waiwai i nā lā 5-7, ma hope o ka lau e mākaukau nā lau a waiho ʻia i loko o nā ʻeke pepa a i ʻole nā ipu wai. Pēlā nō, maloʻo nā aʻa o ka barberry, hōʻiliʻili ʻia no ka hoʻoilo ma ka hopena o ka hoʻoilo a lawe ʻia mai nā lāʻau loea a hiki ke haki i ka hapa o kahi mea o ka ʻōnaehana. Hoʻomaʻemaʻa ʻia nā kumuwaiwai o ka lepo, nā wahi i hōʻino a me nā mea liʻiliʻi, koho rhizomes, a laila hoʻokaʻawale i ka maloʻo. ʻO kahi huahana maikaʻi i hoʻohanaʻia no nā kumu lāʻau, ma ka ʻoki e pono ka melemele a i ʻole kaʻaila.
