Irga, a i ʻole June huaʻala

Ma ka maʻamau maʻamau e mālama mākou i nā mea kanu capricious e pono ai ka mālama mau, e aloha aku iā lākou, a me ka hoʻomaʻamaʻa ʻole - me ka ʻole o ka nānā nui ʻana, a me ka haʻalele ʻole. He ʻokoʻa ka moʻomeheu ʻana o Irga. Kūkulu ʻia kekahi pua o irgi ma kahi o ke kihi o ka pae, ma kahi kihi ʻaʻole i kūpono hou.

I kēia manawa, he lāʻau kūikawā kēia, a i ka nui o nā ʻāina i ulu ia e like me kahi mea hoʻolālā. Inā ʻoe e hoʻokau ʻike pono i ka irga, a laila ka luhilahi kēia ma ka ulu ʻana o Mei, i ka wā e hana ai nā pi i nā lāʻau, hoʻohālikelike me ka pua ʻana o ka ʻōpū manu; i ka wā he e lohi nei, kū aku nō ia no kona ʻano mālamalama, he melemele a ʻulaʻula-ʻulaʻula. Hoʻolohe ʻo Irga i nā manu i ka māla, aloha nā keiki iā ia - ʻaʻole hiki iā lākou ke huki ʻia mai nā kumu lāʻau i kālai ʻia me nā hua ʻala hina.

He ʻĀrelika ʻo Irga. © KENPEI

ʻO keʻano o Irgi

He nui nā inoa ʻo Irgi. ʻO ka Pelekane ka mea i kapa ʻia ʻo shadbush (shade shrub), juneberry (Iune berry), serviceberry (ʻoi kōleʻa i ʻona). ʻO kekahi o nā inoa - currant-tree (cinnamon) - pili pū me ka Lūkini. Hāʻawi ʻia ia no ka like o nā hua me nā hua ʻōpala Kaleponi liʻiliʻi. Ma Lūkia, ua ʻōlelo pinepine lākou: Berry waina, pēpē ʻono pēpē. I ʻAmelika ʻAmelika, ʻike ʻia ʻo ia ka saskatoon. ʻO kona inoa Provençal amelanche mai amelar, ʻo ia ka "lawe ʻana i ka meli".

Genus Irga (Amelanchier) nā ʻohana Rosaceae (Rosaceae) a loaʻa ka pili ʻana o 18 mau mea (e like me nā kumuwaiwai ʻē aʻe, a hiki i ka 25) ka hapa nui, e ulu ana ma waena o ʻAmelika Hema. ʻIke nui lākou i nā kihi o ka ulu lāʻau, i nā kahe, ma nā puʻu ukiuki i kahikaha, e piʻi ana i ke kiʻekiʻe o 1900 m, a hiki i nā kūlana o ka rohe tundra.

Ma Lūkia Hoʻokomo ʻia ka ʻeka o Irga (Ameliachier rotundifolia), nā mea i hele mai iā mākou mai ka Crimea a me ka Caucasus. Eia nō hoʻi i ko mākou ʻāina he ʻumi ʻumi mau ʻano i hoʻokomo ʻia i loko o ka moʻomeheu, ʻo ia hoʻi Irga spiky (Amelanchier spicata), Kanaka irga (ʻO ka canadensis Amelanchier), koko-red irga (Sanguinea ke mele Amelanchier) 'A holo pinepine lākou mai ka ʻāina aku a holo i ka hihiu. Kōkua "nā manu" i ka hoʻoponopono ʻana i ka moʻomeheu, no laila hiki ke loaʻa ka igra ma nā kihi o nā ululāʻau, i lalo o ka ulu lāʻau.

Hoʻokahi wale ke kanu ʻana iā ia - a nāna nō e mālama iā ia iho. ʻAʻohe ona makaʻu ʻo ia i ka pōpō a me ka makani, kekahi ʻāina kūpono, inā ʻaʻole palapu wale, he ʻalāwaliwali ka paʻakikī. He maʻalahi ka wehewehe o kēia ola ola: ʻo nā aʻa o ke irigi e komo i kahi hohonu o ʻelua mau kaona a hohola i loko o kahi kuʻekuʻe o ʻelua - ʻelua a me ka hapa. No laila, ʻaeʻae ʻia i ka shading, ka pehu ʻana i ka mīkini, ʻaʻole ia e loaʻa mai i nā pōpilikia a me nā maʻi, ulu wikiwiki, a ʻae i ka ʻoki lauoho.

ʻO kekahi pono i ka hoʻohana ʻia. Noho nā kehele lāʻau he 60-70 mau makahiki, a ʻo nā kahi lāʻau (ʻae, ʻo ke kākela - ke nānā nei nā mea ola kino e like me nā lāʻau maoli a hiki i 8 m ke kiʻekiʻe a loaʻa he 20-25 mau lāʻau) - a hiki i 20 mau makahiki. I ka hopena, he lāʻau meli maikaʻi a irga.

Akā ma kēia pā o ka meli, i ka manawa i lele ai ka lele i loko o ka aila: ʻo ka irgi (ʻoi aku hoʻi i ka nui o ka iridescent spiky Amelanchier spicata) ka nui o nā hua kanu, ka hakakā mau me ia. Eia kekahi, ʻaʻole ʻoe e kanu i kēia pua i kahi kokoke i ke kaʻa kaʻa: nā wahi mai nā hua crumbling e hiki ke hoʻopau i ka nānā ʻana o ke kaʻa māmā. Ma ke ala, inā e hāʻule lākou ma ke ala i hana ʻia nā mea māmā, e ʻeha nō hoʻi ʻo ia.

Keahi Irga. © KENPEI

ʻO nā kūlana no ka hoʻoulu ʻana o irgi

Pono: Irga - kahi moʻomeheu e kūlike i nā kūlana e ulu ana, ka hoʻoilo-paʻakikī (ke hoʻomanawanui i ka frosts a hiki i ka -40-50 ° C). ʻAʻole pono ka papa ʻāina no ka irgi i kahi kuleana kūikawā, ʻoiai ka ulu maikaʻi loa a me nā hua kiʻekiʻe o nā hua wale, hiki ke loaʻa wale i nā lau momona a me ka mauʻu loamole sod-podzolic e lawa ka palupalu. E like me Irga, e like me kekahi o nā hue Berry, makemake nui nā wahi, akā ʻaʻole makemake i ka lā wela wela.

ʻO Irga kahi pale-mohaʻala a me ka palulu i hoʻomohiʻia. Hiki ke kanu ʻia ma ka paia ma kekahi lepo, akā ua ulu maikaʻi ʻo ia ma ka ʻāina momona me kahi "pane kūlohelohe."

Kūʻai: ʻAʻohe mea like me ka kanu ʻana i nā hua ʻōpala ʻē aʻe. ʻO ke ʻano o ka kanu mua ʻana i ka kanu mea like me nā currants a me nā gooseberries. Ua kanu lākou me nā hua liʻiliʻi 1-2 mau makahiki i ka pūnāwai a i ʻole ka hāʻule 5-8 cm hohonu i ko lākou ulu ʻana i ka mea kanu, i mea e ulu nui ai nā hua lāʻau ikaika. ʻO ka hoʻolālā maʻamau o ka neʻe i ka irgi 4-5 x 2-3 m.

Hō kanu pinepine ʻia ʻo ia me nā pā i ka ʻanuʻu loiloi, me kahi mamao ma waena o nā mea kanu i nā lālani mai 0.5 a 1.8 m. Hoʻohana ʻia ka kanu ʻana i nā pua hohonu.

Ma kahi hoʻolālā pilikino, lawa ia e kanu i nā mea kanu 1-2, e waiho ana ma lalo o kēlā me kēia e pili ana i ka 16 m2 ma luna o nā lau momona momona a hiki i 6-9 m2 ma luna o kahi pā wailua maikaʻi ʻole. Hoʻokomo ʻia nā hua kanu i ka kanu ʻana i nā lua me ka laulā 50-80 a hohonu paha o 30-40 cm. Ma hope o ke kanu ʻana, hoʻoulu ʻia nā mea kanu (8-10 l wai o kēlā me kēia pū kanu) e waiho ana ma luna o ka papa pae 4-5 i kūkulu ʻia nā kuhi maikaʻi.

Hoʻokomo ʻia ka ʻeka o Irga

ʻO ka mālama mālama Irga

Lawe maikaʻi loa ʻo Irga, ʻaʻole pono ke haʻalele. Me ka lawa o ka wai, e hoʻonui nui i ka nui. I mea e ikaika ai ka ulu lāʻau, ʻokiʻoki i nā ʻōpua kahiko, kāpae i nā lālā lōʻihi, nāwaliwali, maʻi ʻia a ʻoki hoʻi.

Nā ʻōpiopio hoʻonani ʻia nā daisies e ka hua. Ua kanu ʻia lākou i ka mākeke maikaʻi, kupu kōpī, hoʻouluulu ʻia. Hōʻike pinepine nā mea pana i ka hāʻule, e emi iki i loko o ka puna e hiki mai ana. I loko o hoʻokahi makahiki, hiki iā ʻoe ke loaʻa i hoʻokahi makahiki makahiki he kūpono no ka kanu ʻana ma kahi kū ʻole.

Nā Manuia Pōʻike ʻia ʻo Jirgi i ka hui ʻana me kahi kīwī. Ma ke ʻano he stock, ʻelua mau makahiki hua lua. Hana ʻia ka pale ʻana i ka kiʻekiʻe ma kahi o 10-15 cm i ka wā o ka wai puna wai. Inā makemake ʻoe e kiʻi i kahi palapala maʻamau, a laila hana ʻia ke kano ma kahi kiʻekiʻe 75-80 cm.

E hoʻohua ʻo Irga i ka hua, ʻoiai inā hoʻokahi māla lāʻau i kanu ʻia i loko o ka māla. Hāʻawi ka hōʻiliʻili i kēlā me kēia makahiki. E ʻohi ʻia nā hua māmala mai ka hoʻomaka mai a i ka waena o Iulai-ma ka maʻamau o ka hona ʻana, no ka mea ʻaʻole lākou eʻoki i ka manawa like. Ma ke ala, he aloha nui ka hua o ka berry-berry o nā manu, ka mea, ma ka ʻokoʻa, ʻaʻole he mea kānalua - ua ʻoluʻolu, me ka pulu ʻiliʻili, me kahi palupalu liʻiliʻi o ke kōmela, hoʻohālike lākou i nā blueberries e hoʻāʻo.

Ripening hua ʻāpala. © Mariluna

Hoʻomaka

ʻOi aku ka maikaʻi e hana i ka nahesa ma ke ʻano o kahi lāʻau i mālama ʻia mai ka palupalu ikaika. Ua ʻokiʻoki ʻia nā ʻūpī palupalu.

I nā 2-3 mau makahiki mua ma hope o ke kanu ʻana, haʻalele ka irgi i nā pua kīwī ikaika a pau, a i nā makahiki ma hope iho - 2-3 ʻoki pua. Loaʻa i ka lāʻau lāʻau i kūkulu ʻia i nā lālā o nā ʻokoʻa like ʻole. ʻO ka ʻoki hope ʻana me ka wehe ʻana i ka nui o nā hua kumu, nāwaliwali, nā maʻi, nā ʻokiʻoki, a me nā lālā kahiko, ke hoʻololi nei iā lākou me kahi kūpono o nā wana aʻa ikaika. Me ka emi ʻana o ka ulu ʻana o nā lālā 1 manawa i ka 3-4 mau makahiki, ua lawe ʻia kahi kukui anti-kahiko e kau ana ma kahi lāʻau lāʻau mau makahiki he 2-4 makahiki. No ka maʻalahi o ka mālama a me ka hōʻiliʻili ʻana, ua palena ʻia ke kiʻekiʻe e ke kaʻe ʻana.

I ka wā e oki ai i ka ulu lāʻau, neʻe aku ka nui o ke kumu pua, e waiho ana i kēlā me kēia makahiki ʻaʻole ʻoi aku o 2-3 mau ʻoki i kahi hoʻohui i ka ʻano o ka ulu lāʻau, i ka nui o nā mea he 10-15 i loko o ka ulu lāʻau. Ua kaupalena ʻia ke kiʻekiʻe o ka mea kanu i ka hoʻoulu ʻia ma kahi pae o 2-2.5 M; Hoʻohana pinepine ʻia ka wā anti-aging. Hoʻoulu maikaʻi ʻo Irga ma hope o ka kanu a me ka kūʻokoʻa kūʻokoʻa e ka hua aʻa.

Naana

ʻO nā hua o ka irgi e hoʻōla i ka manawa like i ka pā, he ʻoluʻolu ia no ka ʻohi ʻana, akā hāʻawi i kekahi ʻano piquancy i ko lākou kala: hoʻomaka mai nā hua nui loa i ke kumu o ka inflorescence-brush, hoʻololi lākou i kā lākou kala mai ka ʻulaʻula i ka poni uliuli. Hoʻopili ʻia ke hōʻiliʻili ʻana i nā la he nui i ka wā e ʻala nā hua. Hiki ke mālama ʻia nā mea kanu no ka hoʻohana hou ʻana no nā lā 2-3 i ke mahana o ka lumi. Ke mālama ʻia nei i loko o ka friji i 0 ° C, nui ka hoʻonui ʻia ʻana o kēia manawa. Hoʻopilikia nui ka pōʻino i ka huaʻai e nā manu, ʻoiai ʻo nā wīkū o ka mauna. Hoʻomaka nā manu i ʻai i nā hua lōʻihi ma mua o ka wā e ulu ai.

He waiwai e hoʻohana ai a me ka hoʻohana ʻana o iraghi

Hōʻike: Aia nā huaʻai Irgi i ka honi (ʻoi ka glucose a me ka fructose), kahi liʻiliʻi o nā waikawa organik. I ka wā o ka ʻūlū ʻana, hōʻiliʻili nā huaʻa i ka nui o ka vitamina C. Nui nō hoʻi lākou i nā huaora A, B, B2, carotene, tannins, mineral salts, mau wahi ʻoihana - keleawe, hao, cobalt, iodine, manganese. Hāʻawi lākou i ka huaʻala a me ka nānāʻole i nā huaʻai tannins. Ua hoʻokaʻawale ka hoʻāʻo ʻana o nā huaʻai, no ka mea he liʻiliʻi liʻiliʻi o lākou, a ua like ka hapalua o kēia hapa i ka malic.

ʻO ka waina nā ihi, ka jam, jam, marshmallow, compote, jelly, candied hua i hana ʻia mai jirgi. Hiki ke hoʻōla i nā huaʻai, maloʻo, kēkē. Hoʻokuʻu maikaʻi ʻia ka wai lā ma kahi hebedoma ma hope o ke kāohi ʻana i ka hua.

ʻO nā hua o nā ʻano hua a pau o nā huaʻa, ua ʻai ia a maloʻo, ma ke ʻano he mea hānai. ʻO Jam, jelly, marshmallow, ʻele a me ka waina kiʻekiʻe o ka maikaʻi ʻono maikaʻi a me ka ʻulaʻula whero i hoʻomākaukau ʻia mai nā huaʻai. I nā compotes a me kaʻaila, hoʻohana ʻia nā irgu i kahi kāwili ʻia me nā huaʻai ʻē aʻe a me nā huaʻai. ʻO ka wai mai nā huaʻai i paʻi ʻia ʻaʻole aneane e pipi ʻia, akā ma hope o 7-10 lā, hiki i 70% o ka wai e hiki ke ʻoki ʻia mai lākou.

Mahalo i nā mea waiwai i loaʻa i loko o nā hua, ke loaʻa nā bergha i nā wahi hōʻola. Mālama ka waiole i nā māla koko. Hoʻohana ʻia nā Berry i ka pale ʻana o ka ulia peptic, me he mea hoʻoponopono a ʻoi aku ka anti-inflammatory i ka wā e rinsing ai ka waha; he lāʻau pana lākou no ka maʻi ʻaʻai, nā maʻi o ka maka, ka mea pono no ke kīpē o ka ʻōpū o ka gastrointestinal (ʻo ia ka anti-inflammatory agent).

Nā ʻano o Irgi

Hoʻolaunu ʻia ʻo Irga i nā papa o nā hakahaka, nā ʻami, nā māla a me nā ʻāpana ʻona i ʻAmelika a me ʻEulopa, ma Asia Minor a me ʻAmelika Hui Pū ʻIa. A kaulana loa ʻo Irga i kēia lā a kāʻai ʻia nā mea ma nā māla home a ma nā kīhāpai kalepa. I loko o 60 mau makahiki i hala aku nei, ua lilo ʻo Canada i kumu nui o ka hana hoʻoulu, kahi i loaʻa ai nā hua like: Altaglow me nā hua keʻokeʻo, ʻoi ʻia ka nui i loko o Forestburg, ʻo Pembina ʻona, ʻo Smokey me nā hua keʻokeʻo. ʻO ka hoʻoilo o ka hoʻoilo a me ka momona i ka maikaʻi: 'Moonlake', 'Nelson', 'Stardzhion', 'Slate', 'Regent', 'Honwood'. Akā loaʻa iā mākou āpau o kēia mau ʻano.

I ke kūʻai ʻana i kahi iʻa, ʻike mākou iā mākou iho i ke koho o nā ʻano. Eia kekahi o nā hoʻolaha waiwai ʻoluʻolu loa, ʻelua mau ʻāpana a me nā moʻomeheu:

Irga alder (Amelanchier alnifolia) - ka pipi i ka nui i ka 4 m kiʻekiʻe a me ka ʻeleʻele hina hina. ʻO nā lau he elliptical, kokoke loa i puni, i ka hāʻule hāʻule i ʻōmaʻomaʻo aniani. He keʻokeʻo nā pua, me kahi ʻuma ʻoluʻolu. He ulaula nā hua, a me ka lōʻihi a hiki i 15 mm a me ka nui a hiki i ka 1.5 g, momona loa. Me ka mālama pono, hiki i kahi lāʻau 7-8 mau makahiki ke hoʻonui i ka 10 kg o nā hua.

Keahi Irga (ʻO ka canadensis Amelanchier) - kahi lāʻau kiʻekiʻe (a 8 m) ke kiʻekiʻe lāʻau e like me nā lālā pelalupula manamana. ʻO nā lau ʻōpio he ulaula, poni a mea keleawe paha, ma ka hāʻuleʻeleʻele ulaula a ʻulaʻula paha. ʻO nā pua ka nui, ma nā inflorescences a hiki i ka 28-30 mm ka lōʻihi. Kūpono ka hua, me ka pulika pōkole ʻulaʻula, ʻo ke kaupaona a hiki i 1 g. ʻO ka huina kiʻekiʻe loa he 6 kg o ka lāʻau.

ʻĀnō ʻulaʻula koko(Sanguinea ke mele Amelanchier) - kahi ulu maiwahi a hiki i ka 3 m kiʻekiʻe a me kahi lei kiʻekiʻe. ʻO nā lau ka oval-oblong, 5.5 cm lōʻihi.ʻO ka ʻōniʻoniʻo ʻōmaʻomaʻo o nā lau e loli i ka ʻone i ka hōkū. ʻO nā pua nui, me nā petals elongated. ʻO nā huaʻai i ka 0.7 g, momona, keʻokeʻo, ʻeleʻele - aneaneʻeleʻele. E hōʻiliʻili ai i ka 5 kg i ka mea kanu.

Mai nā puʻu nani i irgi. Hoʻohana ʻia ia no nā solitaire a me nā mahi kanu palena. Hiki i nā hōʻuluʻulu hoihoi mai nā ʻano ʻano like ʻole o ka pehu ʻo ka mahiko. No ka mahiʻai māla, ka Kanada irga, spikelet, a me Lamarck irga (Amelanchier lamarckii) a mamaAmelanchier laevis).