Inā ua hoʻomaka wau i kaʻu ʻoihana ʻoihana kauwela hou a inā he 30 mau makahiki i hala, e maʻalahi ana me ka kūkulu hale ʻana, e nui ana ka manawa a me ka ikaika, nalowale mai ka māla ʻana, ua makemake au i ka viticulture. I kēia manawa hiki iā ʻoe ke kiʻi wikiwiki i kekahi ʻike e pili ana i ka ulu ʻana i kekahi mau māla māla, me ka kūʻai ʻana i kekahi hua kūpono a me nā mea kanu (ma o ka Pūnaewele, ʻoiaʻiʻo). A laila ua paʻakikī pau ka hana āpau. Mahalo i ka wā'ōpio (ʻo kaʻu keiki a me kāna mau hoa), ʻekolu ulu lāʻau ʻomala akā ulu ma koʻu wahi. I ka wā mua ua nānā wau iā lākou he māla hoʻonaninani: hāʻawi lākou i ka pale ma ka lanai a maikaʻi. A laila nānā wau - ma nā lālā he mau pūʻulu hua waina. "Pehea ka maikaʻi, manaʻo wau, e loaʻa i nā keiki i kahi mea e leʻaleʻa ai (ma kahi o kā mākou moʻomeheu maʻamau - cherries, currants, plums, raspberry, etc.)." A laila ua hana ke keiki i ka ʻenehana o ka ʻoki hua ʻana i ka huaʻai e hoʻohana ana i ka Pūnaewele. A ua hana ʻia kahi hana mana: ʻekolu hui ʻana i hoʻopā nui i nā nui waina ua lawa ia no ka ʻai a me ka waina. A makemake wau e hana i ka waina kīʻaha, e like me nā mea heluhelu o Botanichki. Hōʻike liʻiliʻi i ka ulu ʻana i kaʻu mau lāʻau kūloʻo ʻekolu no ka mea ua ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o ka viticulture ma mua o ka kanu ʻana i loko o ka māla kūnaʻo no ka ʻāpana ʻo Tver rōpula - raspberry, currants, gooseberries, etc. ʻAʻole wale ka mea e leʻaleʻa loa, akā, ʻoi aku ka nui o nā mea hana.
Nā hua waina © ʻO Joe ShlabotnikMa ka Pūnaewele, ʻike wau ua ʻoi aku nā mea e ʻoi aku ka nui o ka poʻe māla i ka lāʻau o ka hoʻoilo i ka hoʻoilo. Ka mea i maopopo ia i ko ka poe lawaiʻa i pololei ia: hele mai nā manaʻo a me nā manaʻo i nā manawa he nui. Ua loaʻa iaʻu kahi manaʻo pilikino mai nā ʻōlelo a ka poʻe māla e pili ana i ka kanu ʻana o nā ʻano māla maloʻo-maloʻo loa.
- "Ma koʻu papahele o nā kumu waina, e like me nā nāhelehele";
- "Ma kēia makahiki ua maikaʻi ʻole ke kauwela, akā ua hōʻiliʻili wau i kahi tonona ʻāmaʻomaʻo maloʻo-maloʻo."
Hiki ke ala ʻia ke kanikau inā ʻaʻole i kono ʻia kekahi wahine e kipa aku i kāna pūnaewele (ka puka kokoke). Ma ka pūnaewele, kahi aniani pae kai i alakaʻi ʻia mai ka hale a hiki i ka muliwai, hoʻopili ʻia nā mea āpau me nā māla nani i kālai ʻia i nā hua waina. Ke ʻike nei i ka ʻano ʻole o ka haku wahine i ka mahiʻai a me nā makana a ke ʻano maoli, ʻaʻole hiki ke paʻakikī ke manaʻo i ka ʻike ʻole ʻana o kēia māla i ka mea aloha i ka mea i hala, i nā makahiki i hala iho nei ua ulu wale ʻo ia iā ia iho a lawelawe wale i ka lāʻau hilo (a ʻoi kēʻe). Eia naʻe, aia he 300 kilokilā o nā huaʻai ma luna.A aʻu i ʻike ai e pili ana i nā hua waina i kahi hoʻoilo-hardy hiki ke kū i nā frost o -32 ° C, ua paʻa hope kaʻu mau aloha.
Nā hua waina © * USB *Ke manaʻoʻiʻo ia e hoʻemi ʻoi aku nā ʻano lāʻau māla i ka hoʻoilo ke mālama iā lākou, ʻo ia ke kumu e hele nui ai i waena o nā māla i ke kikowaena o Russia a me Siberia. Hoʻohana maikaʻi ʻia lākou, ʻo ia ka wikiwiki o ka ulu ʻana, no ka hoʻomohala ʻana i ka pae (maʻa mau kaona, nā verandas, nā paia o nā hale, nā pā), a me nā ʻano papa ʻaina no ka hana ʻana i ka waina, ka wai, nā hua ʻai a me ka ʻai hou. ʻO ka poʻe winegrowers ponoʻī e haʻi iā ʻoe ua loaʻa nā ʻano lāʻau maloʻo maloʻo ke "ʻano kiʻekiʻe o nā hua." Eia naʻe, ʻo kēia waiwai kūpono o lākou e alakaʻi i ka hiʻona ʻana o nā kumu lāʻau a, ma muli o ia mea, e hoʻēmi ana ka ʻano o ka hua, hoʻomaʻemaʻe nā ʻōpala, a nāwaliwali ka hoʻoilo o nā ʻōpala. Me kahi kumuwaiwai kiʻekiʻe, hoʻopau nā hua waina i ka piha piha o ka huaʻai, akā e hoʻoikaika i nā pua hou ʻaʻole lākou e noho, a hoʻomohala maikaʻi lākou. I ka manawa like, ʻaʻole e mālama ʻia ka nui o ka pono o ka mauʻu i loko o nā aʻa, no laila e huki ka lāʻau a make a make paha.
Nā hua waina © ʻO Peter WerkmanʻO ka kapa ʻia o ka mea kanu i hoʻopau i ka ukana ma ka ulu lāʻau. No kēia, ua kauoha ʻia ka mea e kanu i ka wā mua. I ka hoʻoilo, make paha kekahi hapa o ka palu ma muli o ka manuahi a maloo paha, no laila, i ka pūnāwai e pono e nānā pono ai i ke kumu waina i ʻike i ka maka make a, e pili ana i kēia, kanu. Manaʻo nā mea he nui i ka hānai hua waina i ka hāʻule, a laila kaomi i ke kumu waina mai kāna kākoʻo, kāʻei iā ia me ka "breathable" uhi uhi, waiho ʻia ma ka ʻāina, uhi iā ia me ka lau i hāʻule ai, a i ka hoʻoilo, ua ʻōlelo ʻia e uhi iā ia me ka hau. Hiki iā ʻoe ke heluhelu pinepine inā ʻoe e mālama i ka mālama ʻana i ka nui o nā kahu puaʻa no ka hoʻoilo, e hoʻomaikaʻi nō nā kumu waina. No laila ke hauʻoli nei ka poʻe Siberia ma nā hau hoʻoheheʻe. Nui kekahi wai hau ma Siberia, a ʻo ka hau hoʻi ka manaʻo o ka mahana a me ka maʻemaʻe, kahi kaawale o kahi papa infectious. He maemae nā kaʻa, me nā hōʻailona ʻole o nā maʻi. No laila ʻōlelo aku ka mea ulu me hiki ke hoʻokaʻawale nā hua waina i nā pōkole nui, akā inā hoʻopuni wale ʻia i ka hau. Kuhi ia nā mea hoʻoheheʻe o 10 mau kenimika hāʻawi i nā mea kanu 10 mau kiʻekiʻe.
Nā hua waina © ʻO Joe ShlabotnikI kekahi mea āpau, ʻoiai ma hope o nā fros koʻikoʻi, aia ka manaolana no ka kūleʻa, no ka mea, he nui ka ʻano o ka nui o nā hua waina. ʻO kēlā me kēia mau'ōmaʻomaʻo lalo, aia ma ke kumu, loaʻa nā mea ʻē aʻe - liʻiliʻi, hiamoe. He mau ʻōkoki kēkē kēia i nā hau i kūʻokoʻa ma mua o nā hua ʻai a hiki iā lākou ke ola i lalo o ke kahawai no kekahi mau makahiki. Ua ʻike nā poʻe loea, ma lalo o kēlā me kēia kumulā o ka kumulāʻau aia kahi diaphragm e loaʻa nā ʻōpū o nā aʻa e hiki mai ana. Manaʻo lākou ʻo ka vine ke lilo i ka hapa hau kūlohelohe o ka mea kanu, hiki iā ia ke pale aku i nā haʻahaʻa 20 mau kekelē. Inā maloʻo nā aʻa, hiki ke ulu maikaʻi mai kahi māla huaʻai hou mai ke kumu waina. ʻO ia ke kumu hiki iā ʻoe ke hāʻawi palekana i nā ʻano lāʻau paluwale-maloʻo i kahi māla i kou māla.
Makemake wau e hoʻomaopopo i ka poʻe heluhelu o Botanichki e pili ana i nā ʻano lāʻau maikaʻi aʻu i nānā ai a kauoha.
Lākana
Kāleka like ʻāpana Crystal.
He ʻano māla maikaʻi kēia o ka European-Amur, me ka ulu koena ulu ʻana, he manawa nui o ka ulu mua (a hiki i 115 lā). Kūpono o nā nui māmā, ke kaupaona nei he 200-300 gram, paʻapū nāwaliwali. Aia nā huaʻī, ʻo ke kaupaʻa ʻana iā 2-4 mau palama, he oval, keʻokeʻo. Liki ka pulī, ikaika ka paʻu, ʻāwī ka honu he 18-19%. He maikaʻi loa ka mihi ʻana o nā wana (90 -100%). ʻO ka ukana he 50 mau maka no ka lāʻau, me ka lōʻihi o ka paina i nā hua waina no 3-4 mau maka. He mea koʻikoʻi ia e ʻike i ka wā ākea ka lāʻau, ua hoʻokahe ka ovary, ma muli o ka huaʻala i lilo i palupalu. No laila, pono i kahi kiʻekiʻe o ka hōʻoki a me ka hōʻuluʻulu ʻana o ka hua. Kinuʻili ʻia i ka lāʻau no aneane holoʻokoʻa holoʻokoʻa. Kūleʻa ka ʻokoʻa i ka hau (-29ºС), hāmaʻa, oidium, hina ka hina hina. Hoʻohana ʻia e hana i nā papa pākau maloʻo a me nā waina ʻo Heris.
Marinovsky
Māla waina ʻo Marinovsky.
ʻO nā ʻano like i like me ka hopena o ke kāʻei ʻana i nā ʻaoʻao ʻĀkau a me Muscat o Hamburg. Hoʻokomo ʻia kāna mau pua, ʻo Variety Marinovsky no loko o nā ʻano waina aniani ma waena o hope. He nui ka nui o ka nui, me ka paona awelika o 280-300 kākā. Berry 12 x 14 mm, ʻulaʻula, uliuli ʻeleʻele. Ua ikaika ka hua, ka ʻono, ka kō i loko o ke kō. 24% Hoʻohana ʻia ia no ka hana ʻana i nā wai ʻona, nā ʻele maikaʻi maikaʻi loa, a me ka ʻai hou.
Isabella
Hoʻohui ʻōpala ʻo IsabellaUa hele mai ka like me ka Lūkini mai ʻAmelika Hui Pū ʻIa, kahi aniani maoli ma waena o nā ʻano o Lambrusk a me Winnifer. Hōʻike i nā ʻano loea loiloi o ka wā waena o ka lohi ʻana. Pono nui nā pā, ʻoki maikaʻi. He liʻiliʻi nā clusters, liʻiliʻi conical, aneane cylindrical, palaka. ʻO nā hua kahea, he ʻāpana a ʻoiʻi paha ka ʻalani, ʻeleʻele me ka hiʻona ʻalaʻula, me kahi ʻaila pākahi. Hōʻano ʻia e ka hoʻonui kū'ē i ka hau, nā maʻi maʻi a me nā phylloxera. ʻO ka ʻano like he mea hoihoi no nā kumu hoʻolālā: ʻo ka hoʻolālā ʻana o nā pā, nā ʻoniʻaka, a me nā mea ʻē aʻe; mākala maikaʻi, paʻu a paʻa. Hoʻokomo ka ukana ma ka lāʻau me ke ʻano a me ka mana o ka pua. Hoʻomoʻa i nā māla no ka launa i nā maka he 6-8. ʻO ke kaumaha ka hoʻoilo (-32ºС). Kū'ē mai i ka ʻōpū a me ka hina hina, pale maikaʻi ʻole mai ka oidium.
Kaʻie
Hoʻohui like ʻo Riesling. © Tom MaackA paʻakikī interspecific mau māla pua no ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka hana ʻenehana, ke koho Kelemānia (Heisenheim), ka awelika wā maʻamau (130-135 lā). ʻO ka palupalu he maʻa a ma luna paha. E maikaʻi ka pana ʻōpala. He cylindrical ka nui o nā puʻupuʻu, he nui ke kāʻei, ke kaupaona ʻana o 120-150 g, kūleo waena. Aia nā huaʻī, ʻo ke kaupaona ʻana he 1.4 g, ua puni, keʻokeʻo ma ka lā me kahi kaena pink. Hoʻomaʻomaʻo ka ʻōpala, ua palupalu ka paʻu, ikaika. Hoʻopuka ka hua a maikaʻi i ka 95%, maikaʻi ka hua. Ke kaumaha o 60 mau maka i kēlā me kēia kumu lāʻau me kahi lōʻihi o ka wīpī hua waina no 3-4 mau maka. E kūlike me nā kaola. ʻOiai maikaʻi loa ia i nā hua, he mea nui ia e kaʻi ʻana i nā mea kanu, akā koi mau ka hoʻoponopono i ka nui o ka ʻohi hua. Ka pale aku i ka hau -26 ° C, ʻoi aku a emi ʻole paha ka pale ʻana i ke aniani, oidium, i phylloxera, kū i ka hina hina. Hoʻolaha ʻia ma Kelemānia, USA, Kanada, New Zealand. Hoʻohana ʻia e hana i nā papa papa pā maloʻo.
Alpha
Hoʻonaʻo ʻAla Pūnaewele.
ʻO Hybrid (Vitis Labruska x Vitis Riparia), pani ʻia ma ka hale hōʻike ʻo V East Labir. Nā kūpuna i nā helu loea loea o ka wā kiʻekiʻe o ka ulu ʻana. Ua ikaika ka ulu o nā pua. ʻO ka ʻōpala he awelika, ke kaupaona nei o 150-180 g, cylindrical, medium density. Aia ka ʻono o ka berry (diameter 16-17mm), pōʻai, ʻeleʻele, me kahi ʻono "isabelous". Mālama ka paʻu i ka penia. Hoʻomaʻa ka berry i ka hoʻomaka o Kepakemapa. Papa ʻano hua. ʻO ka helu o nā mau pua i nā pana hua nui he 3-4. He maikaʻi loa ka mihi o nā wana. Loaʻa iā ia kāwili maikaʻi. Ma muli o ke kūpaʻa kiʻekiʻe o ka hau, ua komo ka ʻokoʻa i ka hoʻohālikelike maʻamau o ka Teritori Primorsky, a ma nā wahi ʻē aʻe o ka ʻoli ʻākau. ʻO ka ʻanoʻokoʻa ke kū kūʻokoʻa i ka maʻi. Hoʻohana ʻia ʻo Alfa no nā hale ʻāina, gazebos, nā pā kula a me nā alima.
P.S. I ka hopena, ʻoiai ke kūpono e hāʻawi i kahi papa inoa o kekahi mau uhi ʻole e hoʻopuni ana a me ke ʻano pono o ke ʻano o nā hua waina i ʻāpono ʻia no ke kanu ʻana i nā wahi kime ʻaʻole kūpono o Rūsia.
- Nā lāʻau waina ʻole e uhi ʻolea..e.a I. Nui nā mea o lākou iā lākou, eia nō kekahi o lākou: ʻAfa, Amethyst, Amur Potapenko, lanakila Amur, Amur breakthrough, Valiant, Dove, Isabella, Crystal, Kay Grey, Londo Noir, Lydia, Lyubava, Lucille, Marinovsky, Mure Erli, Saperavi ʻākau, Seneca, Triumph, Winchel, Extra, etc. ʻAʻohe uhi ʻia ʻole e hiki ke hoʻomae i ka frost me ke ʻano o ka minuke 28 mau degere, a i kekahi mau minuke 32 degere.
- Ka uhi ʻana i nā ʻano ʻāpana: Don Agate, Adele, Aleshenkin, Pineapple wawe, Arctic, Armalag, Balabanovsky, Vulture, Far Eastern Novikova, Gentle, Korinka Lūkini, Ka nani o ka ʻĀkau, Liepajas dzintars, Olesya Far Eastern, Hoʻomanaʻo o Dombkovskaya, Rogachevsky, Russian Taeseman, Pink Besseman , Tsirawas Agraa, Juodupe, etc.
E koʻu mau hoaaloha, e like me kāu ʻike, aia kahi mea e koho ai a kūʻai i - nā mea kanu āpau i loko o nā ipu hao a i ʻole nā liʻiliʻi ʻoki. No laila, e hele no ia, e ulu i nā hua waina i kāu mau kaukū, kūleʻa iā ʻoe!
