Ua kūpono ʻo Shrub irga no ka ulu ʻana i loko o nā ʻōpoki paʻakikī, eia nō naʻe, me ka ʻoiaʻiʻo nō, ʻaʻole i loaʻa ka kaulana i waena o kā mākou māla, ʻoiai me ka ʻoi aku o ka makana o kāna mau ʻano i hala i nā hoʻokolohua.
Kuhi ʻia kēia mau ʻano me kahi waiwai hoʻonaninani a hāʻawi i nā hua momona.
Nā ʻano a me nā ʻano
Keahi Irga ka lālā kaulana loa o ka huaʻōlelo mai nā ʻākau ʻākau o ʻAmelika Hema. E kipa ana i 6 mau mika ke kiʻekiʻe, a hiki i kekahi manawa ke hoʻololi i kahi lāʻau a hiki i 10 mika kiʻekiʻe. Kūpepa a hiki i 10 cm lōʻihi, pua, ke kala ʻala-ʻulaʻulaʻula, i ka hāʻule - ʻohi-gula.
I ka wā kanu o ka lā 7-10 lā, ua uhi ʻia ka mea kanu me nā tassels, ke ʻano o ka 5-12 pua keʻokeʻo, ka mea e kūleʻa maikaʻi loa i ke kūpaʻa o nā ʻōpio ʻulaʻula. Hoʻokomo ʻia nā hua ʻalani, uliuli poni me kahi ʻula ʻala a me nā ʻono maikaʻi.
Irga Lamarck ka hoʻohālikelike ʻana me nā ʻano ʻē aʻe e kūlike ana i ka hoʻolālā, ka mea i loaʻa i loko o kēia manawa āpau. Pēlā ka paipai ʻia e like me ka ʻāina no ka kanu ʻana i nā hui, a, pū nō hoʻi me nā ʻano o mua, he mea maikaʻi loa ia no ka kuleana o ke kao a me nā kumulāʻau, hoʻonui i ka kūʻē o ka hau o ka scion, a me ka hoʻomau me ka hiki ke ulu i nā māla.
Hoʻokomo ʻia ka ʻeka o Irga
Kūkulu ʻia ma ka ʻāpana nui o ka Rukia Kūʻai a me ka mokulele o Crimean, ʻo ia ka wahi i hānau ai kēia ʻano. Hōʻike ʻia kēia kuana e ka ulu ʻana o 0.5-2.5 mau mika, e kūkulu i nā lālā a me nā lau ovate me nā kihi serrated.
ʻO ka wehe ʻana, ʻo nā ʻōpio'ōpio i ka pubescent ma ka hapa haʻahaʻa, a laila pau ke ʻano o kēia ʻano, akā ke koena e noho nei - nā kuke o nā pua i like me ka corymbose a nānā kūlike loa i ka wā o ka pua i ka mua o Mei. Hoʻopili ke ʻano o nā hua i uliuli me kahi paʻala ʻulaʻula i ke waena waena o ke kauwela, e hoʻomaka ana i ka makahiki 5.
Irga spiky ulu ma ʻAmelika ʻAmelika e like me ka ulu lāʻau deciduous, i kekahi manawa he lāʻau a hiki i 5 mika ke kiʻekiʻe. Nā hua he nui o ka hina hina (kahiko) a ʻulaʻula-ʻulaʻula (ʻōpio) i hana i ka lei lei oval. Hoʻohālikelike ʻia ka paʻi ʻia i ke kauwela ma kahi kala ʻōmaʻomaʻo ʻōmaʻomaʻo, a i ka wā lohi - i loko o ʻulaʻula. Hiki i keʻokeʻo me kahi momona ʻala a keʻokeʻo paha.
ʻAno ʻono nā huaʻai e like me nā hua o nā "congeners", a hiki i 0.9 cm ke anawaena, ʻulaʻula-ʻulaʻula, i uhi ʻia me ka pua ʻaʻala. ʻO kāna mau mea hoʻonani, mahalo nui ʻia i ka wā o ka pua i ka waena o Mei a me ka lohi o nā hua i nā lā mua o ʻAukake, ua loaʻa ke noi ma ke hoʻonohonoho ʻana i nā pā. Nā huaʻai i nā makahiki 4.
Irga alder
Eia nō hoʻi mai ʻAmelika ʻAmelika, i loko o kā mākou kūlana e ulu ai kahi lāʻau a hiki i 4 mika i ke kiʻekiʻe. Ma aneane nā ʻāpana āpau o kēia mea kanu, mai nā mea kanu a hiki i nā lau pua a me nā ulu pākeke. Berry ʻeleʻele ʻeleʻele, ʻokoʻa ka lōʻihi, puka mai nā makahiki 5.
I ka hoʻoilo, ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o nā hua o kēia berry ke pena ʻia i loko o ke kala melemele-ʻoni. Hoʻomaka ka pua ma ka hopena o ka puna, a pono e ʻūlū ʻia nā hua ma hope o ke kauwela o ke kauwela.
Hoʻokomo ʻia ʻo Irga kamaʻāina ʻia hoʻiirga maʻamau"Loaʻa maoli ʻia ma ʻEkopa hema, Crimea a me ka Caucasus. Ke ulu nei a hiki i ka 2.5 mau mika ke kiʻekiʻe, ulu ka lāʻau palahalaha i lei lei e pili ana i ka ʻōpio'ōpiopio mai nā ʻōpala maʻa, a laila e huli i kahi ʻulaʻula, i a ʻulaʻaha ʻia. ʻO nā lau ovoid nā lauʻeleʻeleʻeleʻele i ke kauwela a me kaʻulaʻulaʻula i ka hoʻoilo.
Hoʻopili ʻia nā ʻāpana o nā ʻalani blus-black me ka pua ʻala i loko o Iulai-ʻAukake, e hoʻomaka ana i ka makahiki 5 mau makahiki. Hoʻomaka ka pua ma nā lā mua o Mei. Hoʻohui i ka hoʻonāukiuki i ka wā ulu e ulu ana, ʻike ʻia nā ʻano o nā mea phytoncide kiʻekiʻe.
Irga Smokey ʻaʻole kīpana maʻamau loa me nā hua nunui, ʻono a me nā mea ʻono loa. Hāʻawi ʻia i ka pālahalaha ʻana o kēlā me kēia ulu lāʻau, ua kanu ʻia lākou ma kahi ākea like o 3 mau mika mai kēlā me kēia. Hōʻike ʻia ka ʻano like ʻole me ka mea i nāwaliwali nei ka hoʻohelena ʻana i nā wīwī
Irga Pembina
Aia ua ulu a 3 mau mika i ke kiʻekiʻe, kekahi manawa lilo i lāʻau. Hoʻopili ke aniani i ka diameter, ʻono a me ka momona, ka ʻūhū ʻia i ka waena waena o Iulai.
Kōleʻe ʻia ke ʻĀrga kekahi mau mea ʻē aʻe mai ʻAmelika Hema, e ulu ana i kā mākou kala ma 3.5 mau mika. He lei lei nā pale aliʻi. Me ka hoʻomaka ʻana o ka wā pua o ka makahiki, ʻoi aku ia ma mua o 2 mau hebedoma mai ka hapalua mua o Mei, ua uhi ʻia nā wana me nā lau keleawe-brownish-pinkish e lawe mai i kahi hopena hiʻona kiʻekiʻe, ʻoi aku hoʻi i kahi kūleʻa o nā ʻōmaʻomaʻo.
Hoʻopili ʻia kēia hopena i ka inflorescences racemose, i hana ʻia mai ka 7-12 pua me ka pale pink pink petals. Kūkulu nā pua pua nani i nā irres hiki i ke nani me ka lokomaikaʻi o ke kala a me nā ʻano.
E mālama pū me nā wahi ʻē aʻe o ka mea kanu a me kāna mau huaʻa - 0.5-0.7 cm ka lōʻihi, ka ʻāpana melemele me kahi pahu pinkish, ma luna o ka manawa ke loaʻa i kahi ʻulaʻulaʻula a ʻaʻole i ʻono i ka momona, i ka wā i hoʻohālikelike ʻia me nā ʻano ʻē aʻe. E hoʻohua i ka hua mai nā makahiki he 4. Hoʻomaka ka pua ma ka hopena o ke kō.
ʻO ka ʻāina a me ka mālama Irga
Pākuʻi ʻia ke kanu a puni nā ala i kūpono i ka currant. ʻOi aku ka maikaʻi o ka kanu kanu, a ma kēlā me kēia kūlana, pono nā makahiki he 1-2 mau makahiki.
Hoʻokomo ʻia lākou i ka 5-8 cm hohonu, hoʻohālikelike ʻia i ka hohonu o ka lāʻau lapaʻau, e like me kahi 4x2, 5x3 mika ʻona a i ʻole ka nānā ʻana i kahi māka (no ka pā), e nānā ana i kahi mamao ma nā lālani o 0.5-1.8 mika. Ke hoʻomākaukau nei i nā pua hohonu no ke kanu ʻana, ua lawe ʻia lākou no ka hoʻonohonoho o nā waʻa ʻāina me ka laulā o 50-80 a me ka hohonu o 30-40 cm.
Hoʻopili maikaʻi ka mea kanu i ka hana ʻole i ka mālama ʻana, nā mea e hōʻoki ai i nā ʻōpala kahiko, e hoʻoneʻe ana i nā lālā lōʻihi a me nā ʻoki maʻi.
Ma hope o ke kanu ʻana, ua manaʻo ʻia e hoʻoheheʻe ʻia i ka nui o 8-10 lita o ka wai ma ka pā. A laila he mea nui hoʻi ka mulch i ka ʻili o ka lepo me ka peat a i humus a i ka pōkole i ka ʻaoʻao o ka papa ma ka 10 cm, e waiho ana i 4-5 mau koina maikaʻi ma luna o ka ʻili o ka lepo.
No ke kanu kūleʻa o ka irgi, pono ʻoe e kāwili i ka pae o ka ʻāina i luna me ka 1-2 mau pahu o ka humus, a e hoʻohui pū i ka superphosphate (300-500 grama) a me ka paʻakai pālala (150-200 kaila) i ia. A laila ua kāwili ʻia ke kāpili ʻia i loko o ka lua.
Ka lawaiʻa Irgi
Mālama kekahi kahu hānai makua i kahi hoʻololi me ka paʻakikī, no ka mea, i kona aʻa hohonu loa i ka lepo - aneane 2 mau mika. No kēia hiʻohiʻona, no ka ulu lāʻau ʻo 8 mau makahiki 8 mau, ʻo ka ʻikepili i koi ʻia o ka peʻa hoʻololi i ka honua he 1.25 mau pā me ka hohonu o kahi o 70 cm. Me ka hoʻonui aʻe o ka makahiki o ka ulu lāʻau, hoʻonui ʻia kēia hōʻailona.
Ma hope o ke hoʻololi ʻana, e pono e hoʻohālikelike i ka lepo i loko o ka lua, hoʻokaʻī wai maikaʻi i ka ulu lāʻau a hamch i ka pōʻai o ka pericarp.
Hānai ʻia Irgi
Pono ka makahiki mua o ka hānai ʻana i ka irgi e hoʻohana ʻia ana he hopena o ka ammonium nitrate i ka huina o 50 mau pākēneka i 10 mau wai o ka wai, e hoʻopuka ana i loko o nā pōkole peri-stem. No kēia mau pahuhopu, kūpono kahi kūpono o nā ʻāpana manu a i ʻole slurry.
Ma hope o 5-6 mau makahiki, ka lawaiʻa ʻana me ka organik (2-3 ʻōpala i kēlā me kēia pua) a me nā minima (500 grika o ka ammonium nitrate a me ka paʻakai pākakai me ka paʻakai 1 kg o superphosphate i kēlā me kēia lāʻau), e hoʻohuli ana iā lākou ma nā makahiki.
Hoʻomaka
I nā mau makahiki 2-3 mua loa, ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o ka waiho ʻana i nā kumu lāʻau ikaika wale loa, i ka wā e hiki mai ana - 2-3 kihi, kanu i nā mea āpau a me ka hana ʻana i kahi kumulāʻau e like me nā lālā o 10-15 o nā makahiki like ʻole.
ʻO kēia kaʻina hana wana e pili ana i ka wehe ʻana i nā hua aʻa i hōʻiliʻili ai nāwaliwali, ʻelemakule, maʻiʻa, ʻoki nā lālā.
Inā he haʻahaʻa e ulu nei nā lālā, pono kahi kūpono o ka hōʻiliʻili ʻana, ka mea i lawe ʻia i hoʻokahi manawa ma 3-4 mau makahiki ma luna o kahi lāʻau he mau makahiki ʻelima. Ua ʻae maikaʻi loa ʻo Irga ke kanu ʻana, a laila kūʻokoʻa kūʻokoʻa e ka hua aʻa.
ʻO Irga kahi māla maloʻo paʻakikī loa, hiki ke kū i kahi anuanu -52 ℃ a me ka hau i ka puna ma lalo -7 ℃. Hiki iā ia ke hoʻohana iā ia i mea e pale aku ai i ka moʻomeheu pale i ke ala o ka makani ākea a, i ka manawa like, mālama i ka pale i mua o ka māla.
ʻO ka pīhoihoi irga e ka ʻokiʻoki
No ka hana hou o ka dillies, ua oki ʻia nā ʻoki a keʻoki ma ka 10-15 cm ka lōʻihi mai nā wana aʻa, kanu kanu a me ka mulch me ka humus. Hoʻomaka koke pono ʻoe e hana i ka nui o ka wai, a laila hōʻoia pono e hoʻonui ʻia ka māhua o ka lepo. I ka hoʻoili, hoʻokumu ʻia nā mea kikoʻī o ka mea kanu makua mai nā ʻokiʻoki.
ʻO ka hoʻonuiʻia o ka igreus e nā ʻokiʻoki ʻala
Eʻokiʻoki ʻia nā lōlō lāʻau ʻōpiopio o ka lōʻihi e like me nā kihi o nā lālā i kūkulu ʻia 5-, 6 mau makahiki lāʻau. Hana ʻia kēia i loko o ka hapa mua o ke kauwela me ka wehe o nā lau haʻahaʻa mai ka ʻokiʻoki, e waiho ana i 1-2 mau pihi o ka luna.
A laila, waiho ʻia nā papa haʻahaʻa no nā hola 6-12 i loko o kahi ʻōpala aʻa, a laila holoi lākou i ka wai maʻemaʻe a hoʻoiho ʻia ma kahi pālahalaha o 3-4 cm mai kēlā me kēia i ka hau aniani.
Pono e pīpī ʻia ka lepo no ka kanu ʻana i ke one me ka mānoanoa o 7-10 cm.ʻO ke kiʻekiʻe o ka hale ʻōmaika o 15-20 mau kiʻekiʻe ma mua o nā ʻokiʻī. 3 mau pule i ka wā e hele ai ke hānai ʻokiʻoki.
ʻO ka ʻoki ʻana o nā hebedoma he 3 mau makahiki kona ulu maikaʻi ʻana i ka punawai, kahi e ʻae ʻia ai lākou e pae ʻia ma ka pae aʻo. Ma hope o ko lākou kua ʻana, hiki iā ʻoe ke hānai iā lākou me 30 grika o ka ammonium nitrate i hoʻokaʻawale ʻia i loko o kahi pā o ka wai, e mālama pono iā lākou e like me nā pākeke a ma ka hāʻule hou aʻe, hoʻoili iā lākou i kahi pūnaewele paʻa.
Nā maʻi a me nā maʻi ʻeha
ʻAʻohe ʻeha ʻo Irga i ka pale ʻana, ka nānā ʻana i ka a me nā maʻi a me nā maʻi. ʻO nā ʻenemi nui, ʻo ia ka ʻai a me ka mole-motley.
- ʻO ka hopena o ka mea mua e hiki ke nalo i ka nalowale o ka hua lāʻau, ʻoiai e ʻai ka mea ʻai hua i nā hua a me nā haumana i nā huaʻai.
- Hoʻokumu ʻia ka moʻo ʻohe a make nā lau. Ma kahi o ka hana mua a ma ka hopena ʻelua, mālama maikaʻi ka mea maʻi me kahi actelik, fufanon a karbofos e kōkua maikaʻi.
ʻO Irga waiwai kūpono a me nā contraindications
Nui nā huaora i loaʻa i nā hua o ka huaʻala, me C, A, B, B2, a me nā mea kākau i ke ʻano e like me ka hao, iodine a me ka manganese, e hana nui i ka mea kanu i ka pale ʻana o nā maʻi o ka ʻōnaehana cardiovascular a me ka gastrointestinal tract.
Eia kekahi, hoʻoweliweli nā hua i ke koko o ke koko a loaʻa i ka pā ahi ma nā paia o nā kīʻaha koko. Wahi a ia, kahi contraindication i ka hoʻohana ʻana o irgi me ke koko haʻahaʻa.
Tincture o Irgi ma vodka
No ka hoʻomākaukauʻana o ka tincture o jergi ma ka vodka - ka lāʻau lapaʻau kaulana kaulana - pono ʻoe i ka 1 kg o nā hua maloʻo o ka jergi a me 1.5 lita o ka vodka. Hoʻopiha ʻia nā berry i loko o kahi pahu me nā vodka a waiho ʻia e hoʻopuʻi no kahi lā ma kahi lumi o kahi pouli.
Ma hope o ka hoka ʻana o ka wai, hoʻopiha ʻia ka ipu me nā huaʻai hou a hoʻopiha ʻia me ka wai wai i hōʻike ʻia ma mua. E waiho i kahi kāwili e hoʻomākiuki no 2 mau lā, a ua mākaukau ka mea inu e inu.
Jirgi Jam
No ka tiʻaiki hola, pono ʻoe i 1,5 kg o mau huaʻai, 200 pākaha o ka wai i hoʻolapalapa a me 800 pākaha o ke kō. Hoe hiamoe ʻo Berries i loko o kahi pāla, hoʻohui i ka wai a kau i ke ahi ikaika. Ma hope o 30 mau minuke, ua hoʻoulu ʻia ke kāwili a hoʻohui ʻia ke kō. Kulu ʻia e like me kēlā no 30 mau minuke, akā i kēia manawa ma luna o ka wela wela.
A laila pono e hoʻomāoʻomaʻo i ka mea ʻai i ka lumi lumi a me ke kōkua o kahi mea hoʻopiha wai, e uhai maikaʻi i ka huaʻai i ka mokuahi o ka porridge. I ka ninini ʻana i nā mea āpau ma nā kaila a waiho a pau i ka anuanu, loaʻa iā mākou kahi kīʻaha kūʻokoʻa i ke ʻano o ka ʻaha.
Ka waina mai Irgi
ʻO ka hoʻāʻo ʻana no ka waina mai ka jirgi e like me kēia. Kūpī ʻia nā hua ʻai ʻia, huki liʻiliʻi, hoʻomoʻi ʻia a 60-70 C a kāpī ʻia i hope o hoʻokahi lā. Ma hope o ka pā ʻana, kāwili ʻia ka wai me ka wai i ka hoʻohālikelike like ʻole a me 0.3-0.4 kg o ka puna ma ka 1 lita o ka wai i hoʻohui ʻia a ninini ʻia i loko o ka ipu no ka fermentation ma lalo o kahi hopena wai.
Ma hope o 2-3 mau pule, ua hoʻohemo ʻia ka waina mai ka palupalu, ninini ʻia i loko o kahi hue, corked a kau ʻia i loko o kahi lumi maloʻo no 3-4 mau mahina.
Hoʻomaopopo ʻia e mālama i loko o ka hale hale a i ʻole a i ka hau a me ka mālie, ke kahe ʻana i ka lei i lalo. E loaʻa i ka waina ka hopena i kahi kala ʻulaʻula me kahi paila poni a me ka hoʻokaʻa ʻono o ke aniani, e kū nei no 10-15 mau makahiki.
ʻO Morse mai Irgi
ʻO nā wai momona i hana ʻia mai iraghi e maʻalahi loa ia e hoʻomākaukau. I ka holoi ʻana i nā hua o ka irgi (250 kākā), kā lākou ʻoi a ʻū me ka wai. Kīpī nā huaʻai i kuke ʻia no 10 mau minuke, a laila hui ʻia ke kōpaʻa me ka waiʻu i hoʻomoʻa ʻia, nā kō (100 maule) a me ka wai (1 lita) i hoʻohui ʻia. A laila kū i kahi mau hola 10-12 a lawelawe anuanu.
