"Ua nīnau aku au i ka lehu ..."

Ua manaʻo nā akua Helene kahiko e hiki i nā lāʻau ʻulaʻula ke kūpono i ka hoʻokumu ʻana i ke kanaka. A i loko o ka mele o Hesiod, "Mahi a me nā lā," ʻōlelo ʻia ua hana ʻo Zeus i nā kānaka mai ke kuʻi o ka ihe, ʻoiai, e like me kāu e ʻike nei, ua kālai ka poʻe Helene kahiko i kā nā lāʻau lehu. ʻO ka ʻuhane lawena, ka mea e hoʻopili ai i ka lehu, i lawe ʻia i ka poʻe i hana ʻia mai ia wahi. I loko o Helene kahiko, ua manaʻo ʻia ka lehu he hōʻailona no ka uku kaulike, no laila, ʻo ia paha, ke hoʻopaʻi nei iā Nemesis - ke akua aliʻi o ka hoʻopaʻi ʻana i hōʻike pinepine ʻia e nā mea pena kiʻi me kahi lālā o ka lehu..

Manaʻo kekahi poʻe e makaʻu nā mea i nakā e pehu ana i ka lehu e like me ke ahi, ʻoi loa ka wai. Ua manaʻo ʻia ua lawa lawa e pulu i ka wai, no ka laʻana, kahi ʻūa, a laila, ma hope o ka hoʻomaloʻo ʻana, kau iā ʻoe e pale iā ʻoe iho mai nā ʻoleki aku. No kahi kanaka i kēlā mau kapa komo, e palekana ka nahe a hiki iā ʻoe ke huki pū iā ʻoe iho.

Aia ʻo Ash ma nā lāʻau koʻikoʻi ma Caucasus. Mai kēlā hanauna aku i kēia hanauna, ua mālama nā mauna kuahiwi ʻaʻole wale nā lāʻau “paia” wale nō, akā nā puʻu lehu a pau. ^ E Ha yM. Ma lalo o kā lākou canopy, hana ʻia nā mea kiʻekiʻe e nā mea hoʻokalakupua. ʻAʻole pono ka ʻoluʻolu o ka lāʻau lehua Caucasian i nā kahe koko a ua hoʻopiha piha loa i nā ʻano nui o nā huahana wai i lawe ʻia mai i kona waihona.

ʻO nā ʻāpana āpau o ka lāʻau, mai ka ʻōpū mai i a aʻa, hoʻohana ʻia e nā kānaka o nā hale a me nā ʻōlima hale. Ma mua o ka hoʻomaka ʻana o ka huakaʻi, ua hōʻiliʻili nā kamaʻilio Caucasian i nā pua puna a me ka ʻōpala mai nā lālā ʻōpio, a ma hope o nā lau. Ua hoʻohana ʻia nā decocoses mai ka ʻili a me nā ʻōpala e like me ke kālai ʻana no ka rheumatism a me nā huʻu. Nā decocoses o nā lau a me nā ʻōpū mālama i nā maʻi maʻi no ka maʻi. ^ E Ha yM. Hana ʻia nā beekeepers e pili loa i nā kumulāʻau nui. I ka wā e kahe ana o ka sap, ua lawe ʻia ke cortex i nā ʻāpana laulā. A laila kahili ʻia lāua a me kahi ʻāpana ʻili, ʻoki ʻia i nā kaula liʻiliʻi. ʻO ka pāpale conical i hana ʻia i ka ʻili lehu ikaika e paʻa i luna o ka cylinder i loaʻa mai luna.

Ash (lat.Fraxinus) - he genus o nā mea kanu lāʻau mai ka ʻohana Olive (Oleaceae).

Hoʻokomo ma ka moena he mau mea ʻoi aʻe ma mua o nā ʻano he 50 e ulu ana i nā latitu o ka Honu ʻākau.

ʻO kēia mau lāʻau deciduous, a hiki i 30 m ke kiʻekiʻe, me kahi ākea a puni, ka lei kukui. i nā lālā hina hina a hina ʻole paha. Kūwele nā lau, ʻaʻohe uku, hoʻomoʻi i ka nui ma mua o nā lāʻau maloʻo, a hāʻule i lalo. ʻO nā pua puaʻa ʻole, i hoʻonohonoho ʻia i loko o nā bunches a i ʻole nā panicle i nā kihi o nā pua pōkole. Kūpono ma mua o ka pua nā lau. Nā huaʻai - nā ʻanuʻu elima a i ʻole nā kinalona.

ʻO ke kiʻi paʻi, hoʻomohala maikaʻi ma luna o nā waiwai momona, e palupalu nā ʻāina me nā mea e pono ai ka calcium. Kūahi a kū aʻe ka mīkini. ʻĀpilikia hōʻino. E wikiwiki wikiwiki. Hoʻomoe ma ka lūlū hua.

Ke ulu nei

Nā hiʻohiʻona hiʻona: Makemake ʻo ia i kahi lā ka lā, momona i nā mea kūlohelohe, ma kahi o nā lepo e loaʻa ai ka nui o ka calcium. ʻAʻole e ʻae i ka salinization o ka lepo a me ka hemo ʻana i ka wai. Pau ke anuanu.

ʻO ka mamao ma waena o nā mea kanu ke kanu ma ka liʻiliʻi he 5 m.
Ma muli o ke ʻano laʻana, ma hope o ke kanu ʻana, ka piʻi a me ka hoʻopiʻi ʻana o ka lepo, no laila ʻo ka ʻaoʻao o ke aʻa i ka wā o ke kanu ʻana he 10-20 cm ma luna o ka ʻāina. He kūpono kēia no ka laulā nui. Ma mua o ke kanu ʻana, pono e hoʻopihapiha ʻia ke ʻano aʻa me ka umu.

Hoʻomoʻa kāwili: lau ʻeleʻele, humus, ke one (1: 2: 1).

Nahu hoʻolele - iʻa ʻia a i ʻole ke one - 15 cm.

Mulch-peat, lāʻau shep 8-15 cm.

Ka hana pH 6-7.

Kiʻi lole nui: I ka wā mua o ka pūnāwai a me ka puna hope, e kanu ana me nā maniua o ka nitrogen (mullein - 1 kg, ʻUrea - 10 g, ammonium nitrate - 20 g no 1 pāheo wai). I ka hāʻule, e hānai iā Kemira-universal a nitroammofoskoy-20g no 1 pā o ka wai.

Hoʻōla: Waihoʻa i ka wā kanu a me nā lā 3-4 e hiki mai ana. I nā manawa maloʻo, pono ʻia ka hoʻokaʻawale hou ʻana i 1 pā / 1 sq.m. projections o ka lei, ʻoiai ke anuanu pōkole ke hoʻomanawanui maikaʻi.

Ke wehe: Ke kanu ʻana, 5-7 cm.

Hōʻokiʻoki, kuhi: ʻAʻohe i ʻae ʻo Ash i ka mea kanu, no laila e paipai ʻia wale nō e ʻokiʻoki i nā lālā lāʻau a hoʻomaʻemaʻe i ka ʻala o nā puʻu.

Nā maʻi a me nā pōpoki:

1. Ashenic shpunkka. Kinmiks, decis, urbofos, ʻelua.
2. Ashen ʻōster. Karbofos, ʻelua.
3. ʻO nā ʻoki a me ke kīpē o nā maʻi. Ke ʻokiʻoki ʻana i nā ʻōpū maʻi maʻi, ukali e ka mālama ʻana me kahi lāʻau antiseptic a putty var.

ʻO ka ʻohi ʻana no ka hoʻoilo: I nā mea kanu maʻamau, nā 2-3 mau makahiki mua o ka maʻamau
kāʻei i ka burlap.

Nā ʻōpiopio

ʻAmelika ʻAmelika - Fraxinus americana.

ʻAmelika ʻAmelika Hema. Ma nā ululāʻau pohō ma nā kumu hohonu, waiwai, ʻōpū, nā wai hoʻohaʻoha ʻia ma kahi kokoke i nā wai wai a me nāʻaoʻao o nā puʻu a me nā kuahiwi, a hiki i 1050 m ma luna o ke kai. ke kai.

ʻO ka lāʻau dioecious mana loa, a hiki i 35 m ke kiʻekiʻe, me ka laulā hua meli ʻano, ʻōpiopio i nā ʻōpio ʻōpio a me nā pua brown. ʻO nā lau he paʻakikī, pinnate, mai 7 (5-9) nā lau, ovate, kaʻai piha a i ʻole ka dentate, he gehu, ʻeleʻeleʻeleʻele ma luna, ʻulaʻula ma lalo, a hiki i 12 cm loa. Kūleʻa nui ia, kūmole ke hoʻomanawanui a ʻoi aku ke kūlohelohe ʻole o mua o ka lehu ma mua o ka lehu, ʻaʻole i hōʻino ʻia e nā pua wai, no ka mea, ua hāwē ka ʻōpū ma 8-10 mau lā ma mua o nā lāʻau ʻē aʻe. Hoʻopau i nā kūlana o ke kūlanakauhale, kūpaʻa. Hoʻomoe ma ke kanu ʻana i nā hua lula. Ma muli o kona ulu wikiwiki ʻana, ka lei aliʻi openwork nani a me ka paʻa, he mea kanu nui ia no nā ʻōpio, nā hui a me nā mea kanu compositional. Ma ka moʻomeheu mai 1874.

ʻO ka lehu keʻokeʻo, aiʻole ka pua - Fraxinus ornus.

ʻO ka ʻāpana ʻEulopa o Russia, ʻEulopa me ʻEulopa, ka Middle East. ʻAʻole i kuhikuhi ʻia ka flora o nā waihona. ʻO nā kiʻi xero-mesophyte o nā ulu deciduous.

ʻO kahi kumulāʻau liʻiliʻi, a hiki i 12 m ke kiʻekiʻe, me ka lei aliʻi maʻamau a puni. ʻO nā lau he ma ʻōmaʻomaʻo, o 7 oblong-ovate, kahi lihilahi lau ʻole a hiki i 9 cm lōʻihi, pubescent ma waena o ka vein waena. Hoʻohui ʻē ʻia aku i nā ʻano ʻē aʻe o ka huaʻai e kona mau pua keʻokeʻo, ʻala ʻala, me nā lono pōkole loa e ʻoki ʻia i nā kihi o nā ʻōpala i nā luhilō, paʻapū a hiki i 15 cm. I ka wā e ulu ai, kū mau a 7-10 lā mau lā, he māla nani ia.

Hōʻike ʻia ia e ka photophilia maikaʻi loa a me ka hoʻomanawanui ʻana. Ua ulu iki me ka lohi. ʻAʻole paʻakikī paʻakikī. Hoʻolaha ʻia no ka ʻāina, ka hui a me nā alley i pae i ka hema o Rusia. Ma ka moʻomeheu ma mua o 1700.

ʻO ka lance Ash ka mea, a he'ōmaʻomaʻo hoʻi - Fraxinus lanceolata.

ʻIke ʻia i ka kūlohelohe ma ka ʻaoʻao hikina o ʻAmelika ʻAmelika, mai kahi i hoʻokomo ʻia ai i loko o ka moʻomeheu i ka makahiki 18 a hoʻolaha pālahalaha nui. Ma nā ulu lāʻau deciduous (i kekahi manawa he mau kūlā kūpono), ma kapa o nā kahe wai wai, ma nā puʻu ʻeleʻele.

He hoʻohanohano nui ʻia me nā ʻeke loa, ka lei aliʻi a me ka ʻulaʻula, nā lau ʻōmaʻomaʻo uliuli, nā ʻōmaʻomaʻo ma lalo. Pono i 15 m o ke kiʻekiʻe. Hōʻano ʻia ia e ka ulu wikiwiki, ke ke ahonui nui. ʻOi aku ka koi ʻana ma ka lepo ma mua o nā mea ʻē aʻe, ʻoi aku ka nui o nā wahi paʻa i nā kai kūloko. He pale kūloelu ia. Ke kūleʻa nei lākou e ulu ma Moscow a me St.

ʻO ka Ash Ash - Fraxinus excelsior.

Mahele ʻia ma ka ʻāpana ʻĀina o Rūsia (ʻaʻole i hiki i Volga), i ka ululāʻau o nā mauna Crimea a me ka Caucasus, ma loko o ʻEulopa ʻEulopa, ma ka Mediterranean a me Asia Minor. Loaʻa i nā kumu mālama he nui. I nā ululāʻau ākea ākea ma nā lepo lepo carbonate, mesophyte photophilous.

ʻO ka mea kaulana kaulana o ka ʻano. He lāʻau a hiki i 30 m ākea ke kiʻekiʻe, me kahi ākea ākea ākea, me ka lei ākea ākea, me nā kulu pololei, kīwī me nā lau ʻole i uku. ʻO ka ʻili o ka ʻala i ke kumu hina mua ka hina hina, aneane keʻokeʻo, ma hope me kahi mau moʻi hohonu lōʻihi. ʻAno ʻōpio, ʻōlepe-hina. ʻEleʻele nā kūleʻa me ka pubescty velvety, koʻikoʻi loa e kū'ē i ke kua o nā lālā hānō. ʻAʻohe lau, ka 7-9 sessile, lanceolate ākea, serrate ma ke kihi, ma luna o nā lau ʻōmaʻomaʻo o ke kukui, mai lalo - ʻōuli, huluhulu me nā veins. ʻO nā pua no ka perianth, nondescript. ʻO nā huaʻai iona lionfish, a hiki i 5 cm lōʻihi, e mālama pinepine ʻia i nā lālā i ka hoʻoilo a pau.

Hoʻopuka wikiwiki, photophilous. I ka wā pākeke, ʻae i ka hoʻohaʻahaʻa ʻana i ka wela i -40 ° C. I nā ʻōmaʻomaʻo koʻikoʻi, hiki ke hoʻokaʻawale i kahi ʻāpana o ka wana, no laila ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o ka kanu ʻana i nā wahi i mālama ʻia. Pilikia nā makahiki punaʻai i ka hopena o ka puna, akā hoʻi koke hou. Hoʻomaʻamaʻa maikaʻi ʻo ia i ka maloʻo malū, lepo Ke kū nei i ka lepo, ʻaʻole ka uahi a kū ka hau. Hoʻomihi i nā hua e ulu i waho me ka stratification i ka lua wale nō. Hoʻonohonoho ʻia nā puka hiʻona e ka hui ʻana i ka nānā nui. Noho a 300 mau makahiki.

ʻO ka kumulāʻau lāʻau no ke kukui ʻōmaʻomaʻo e mahalo i kona ulu wikiwiki, ka nui ikaika, ʻeke a me nā lei openwork. Nānā maikaʻi loa i ka pae alley, hōʻuluʻulu paʻakikī, i ke kaʻina ʻana o nā alanui.

Nui nā ʻano hoʻohana i hoʻohana ʻia ma ka māla ʻāina. ʻO nā mea hoihoi loa i kēia: monumental (koʻikoʻi loa, ulu ikaika, me ka lei aliʻi pyramidal; haʻahaʻa (ulu ka ulu, me kahi lei koʻikoʻi sporsical; uwē) he lāʻau i hiki i 8 m kiʻekiʻe, me kahi lei aliʻi a nui nā lālā e kau ana i ka lepo, ʻano kupaianaha loa i ka manawaleʻa ke kanu ʻana - me ka palahalaha nā lālā maʻamau, he lei ākea a pāwīpī a me nā lālā e uwē ana; lau ʻula - he kumu nui me nā lau triple, hoʻokahi a ʻāpana ʻole paha, nānā i loko o kahi kanu hoʻokahi; ʻeleʻele-ʻeleʻele - me nā lau melemele; ke gula - me nā pua melemele a me nā lau liʻiliʻi; ʻeleʻele-motley; ke uwē gula; kālā-motley; variegated - ma; nā ʻōpio ʻōpiopio me nā kao ʻulaʻula a me nā keʻokeʻo keʻokeʻo e hoʻonoho nei i ka lāʻau ma kahi kūlana lau ʻole.

Argenteo-variegata. He kukui, aneane keʻokeʻo keʻokeʻo, liʻiliʻi loa ma mua o ke ʻano, i ka nui. Hoʻopili ʻia ka lau e ka lei lei keʻokeʻo-keʻokeʻo, a ma kekahi mau wahi keʻokeʻo. He hiʻohiʻona nani loa ʻo Ash. ʻO ke kāʻei keʻokeʻo a puni ke kaʻe o ka wahī i kekahi manawa ke hoʻololi i ke aniani ʻōmaʻomaʻo, a ʻū liʻiliʻi me ka liʻiliʻi o ka pale.

ʻO ka lehu Fluffy, a i Pennsylvania paha - Fraxinus pubescens.

ʻO ka pālahalaha nui loa i ke ʻano o ʻAmelika ʻAmelika, kahi e ulu ai ia ma kapa o nā kahawai, ma nā wai i hoʻopuka ʻia.

He lāʻau o ka nui pākahi (a hiki i 20 m). He kumulāʻau ulu i loaʻa i ka lei lei ulu ʻole. Nā pana me ka pubescence i manaʻoʻia, ʻulaʻula. Nā lau mai 5-9 mau lau, ʻūhū ma luna, ʻōmaʻomaʻo, a hina-hina i lalo. Nā pua nani. Aia ka ʻōpū, a hiki i b cm loa.

Pono ka hoʻomoʻaʻana o ka lepo i kahi lehu maʻamau, akā ʻoi aku ka makemake o ka umu ʻana. Pēlā i ka hoʻōki pōkole ʻana a me ka salinization liʻiliʻi. ʻO nā ʻōiwi olakou kahi ākea o kēia ʻano. Hoʻopilikia 'ia i nā kūlana o ke kūlanakauhale ma mua o ka lehu maʻamau. Kuhi ʻia kēia mau hiʻohiʻona e hoʻomohala nui i nā ʻāina kaona a me ka ʻāina o ka ʻāpana ʻEulopa o Rusia. I kahi'ōpio'ōpiopio i nā ʻāina ʻākau e loaʻa iā ia ka hau a he maikaʻi ka pihi. Hāʻawi i kahi pale maikaʻi. Hoʻohana ia no nā mākeke alanui. Ma ka moʻomeheu mai 1783.

Loaʻa ia ia kahi ʻano aucubolic - me nā lau-melemaka-liʻiliʻi i emi iho i ka pubescent ma mua o kahi maʻamau.

Aucubaefolia. ʻO kahi māla wikiwiki, mālamalama, a me ke kumu gula me kahi lei lei oval. ʻO nā lau nui, i hoʻomoʻa ʻia me nā kiʻi gula, nā ʻalā, a he like kēia me nā ʻano variegated o ka Japanese Aucuba. I ka ua nui, ua hōʻuluʻulu nā ua, a ma kahi e hoʻopalike ai, hiki ke hōʻike iki ʻia nā ʻano variegation.

Lehu Manchurian - Fraxinus mandshurica.

He 30 m ke kiʻekiʻe o ka lāʻau, he ala o ka ʻona he 1.0 m. Loaʻa i nā kumu waiwai o ka Hikina mamao. E ulu i nā ululāʻau ākea a me nā ulu conifous-deciduous ma luna o nā waiwai momona maikaʻi, lulu i nā pāpale mesogyrophyte.

Pōʻeleʻeleʻeleʻele - Fraxinus nigra.

He 25 m kiʻekiʻe ka lāʻau. ʻAmelika ʻAmelika Hema. I nā kāwili kūwaho e pili pū ana i nā pā, nā kapakai o nā loko a me nā kahawai. Wehe ia i ka hoʻoweliweli iki o ka wai. Kūkulu loa nā ʻano kū.

Lehu Nasosolic - Fraxinus rhynchophylla.

Laʻi a 12 m ke kiʻekiʻe, he ʻōpala a 25-30 cm. Kahi mamao o East East, East Asia. Loaʻa i kahi nui o nā malu o Far Eastern. E ulu i nā ulana lāʻau-kedera-ākea ākea a me ka laulā. Mesoxerous mesoxerophyte.