ʻO ka pīni a iʻa paha he mea kanu thermophilic i hānau ʻia ma ʻAmelika Hema, a laila ua lele i Asia a me ʻAmelika. I kēia mau lā, ʻoi aku ka nui o nā mea mahiʻai, nā home ʻona a me nā kamaʻāina kauwela maʻamau e nānā a pehea e ulu ai i ka maiʻa i kā lākou iho. ʻOiai ke kumu hema, ʻaʻole maikaʻi iki kēia māla huaʻai me ka nui o ka ikaika, hiki ke ulu a hoʻoulu i nā hua mai ka Crimea a me Krasnodar Teritori a ka hopena o Moscow.
I ka manawa o Soviet, loaʻa kahiʻike o ke ulu kūleʻa o ka pī i ka wahi i Stavropol Territory, i nā panalāʻau o Transcaucasia a me Central Asia, ma Ukraine. Mahalo i ka hoihoi o kēia mau māla i kēia lā, ua kanu ʻia nā ʻu o loko i ke kikowaena o Lūkia.
Nā pīpī: nā hiʻohiʻona o ka moʻomeheu a me kāna ulu
Keui - kahi mea kanu makahiki grassy, me ka ʻoluʻolu nā mea kanu, nā pua he nui i hoʻokumu ʻia i loko o ka sinuses, ka melemele a i ʻole ka ʻulaʻula ʻia a me ka ʻano no nā lau paʻu o ka limu, ua ʻoka ʻia i nā lau oval. Kū ʻehā a moe ia nā pana mai 20 a 70 cm. ʻO ke kiʻekiʻe o ka pua ma ka māla e hilinaʻi i nā ʻano like ʻole, nā ʻano i hana ʻia no ka ulu ʻana i nā huakaʻi a iʻa paha, a me nā mea ʻē aʻe.
ʻAʻole i mau ka wela a me ka māmā ka mea i noho ʻia i ka pā ma ka ʻāina ʻo ʻAmelika Hema, no laila, ka lāʻau āpau piha, ke ulu ʻana o ka ulu ʻana, ka pua ʻana, ka hoʻonohonoho ʻana i nā pīni a me ko lākou ulu ʻana, pono ka noi mai ka 120 a 160 mau lā. I kēia hihia, ʻaʻole e ʻae ka mea kanu i ka hau a hoʻomaka ka ulu ulu ʻana i nā pāʻai o ka ʻāina ma ka liʻiliʻi o 12-15 ° C.
ʻO ka hana ʻana o ka ovary a me kona ulu hou ʻana i ka ʻanaka, ua like ʻole ma mua o nā ʻano āpau ʻē aʻe. Noho wale nā pua kūleʻa i kahi lā hoʻokahi, ma hope o ka hopena o ka hopena me ka ovary e iho i lalo i ka lepo a i waiho maoli i loko. No laila, ma lalo o kahi ʻāpana o nā pīni maloʻo ua ninini a ʻōpala. Hiki ke hohonu o ka eli ana mai 5 a 12 cm paha, a mai ka hoʻokahi a ʻehiku mau hua he i loko o kēlā me i bea.
ʻO ka pōkole, ʻoi loa ke anu, ka ua me ke aniau, ʻoi aku ka paʻakikī i ka ulu ʻana i ka pī a loaʻa i ka hua i makemake ʻia i nā "hua ʻala" mai nā mea kanu. Eia nō naʻe, nā pale palekana o kēia mau manawa a me nā hiki ke ulu i loko o ka wahi paʻa i nā manawa he nui e hoʻemi i nā pilikia.
Pehea e ulu ai i nā maiʻa mau i ka ʻāina?
E like me nā legumes a pau, pīkā koke nā huaʻai. No laila, i ka wā e ulu ana, e noʻonoʻo mau lākou i nā hiʻohiʻona kime a me nā wā. Wahi a ka ʻāina, lawe lākou:
- ke kanu nei i nā pīnā i ka ʻāina ākea;
- lulu kanu i ka hale, a laila lawe i nā hua kanu i nā moe;
- ke ulu nei ma kahi paʻa, ʻo ia hoʻi i nā hale ʻōmaʻomaʻo me ka pale mai kahi kiʻiʻoniʻoni a i ʻole nā mea hana ʻehā.
Ma mua o ke kanu ʻana i ka ʻai i ka māla i ka māla, pono e hoʻomākaukau i nā mea kanu a me ka lepo. ʻAʻole kau nā pī i nā pono kūikawā ma ka lepo, akā ke makemake i ka maloʻo, nā ʻāpana lepo, kahi eʻoluʻolu ai a me nā aʻa o ka lāʻau koʻikoʻi, a pākahi ka ovari i lalo.
Ola ola ka moʻomeheu i nā māpuna a me nā loina, akā inā e kanu ʻia i ka chernozem, ke one, ka ʻāina haʻahaʻa a me nā mea ʻē aʻe e hoʻomaikaʻi ana i ka pono o ka ea o ka substrate i hoʻopuka mua ʻia i ka ʻāina.
Hoʻokaʻawale ʻia nā hua i manaʻo ʻia no ke kanu ʻana, hoʻokaʻawale ʻia a paʻa ʻia paha i ka pahu, a laila hoʻohelena ʻia i loko o kahi napela no 12-24 mau hola. Hoʻomaopopo ʻia kekahi manawa e pale mua i ka ʻulaʻula pinkish-ʻula e uhi ana i nā cotyledons mai i nā pī. Eia nō naʻe, i kēia hihia, pono ʻoe e hana maikaʻi loa i ʻole e hōʻino i ka "beak" o ke kukuna ʻoi aʻe.
Hoʻomaʻamaʻa nā hua aihue no ke kanu. Inā ʻae ʻia ke ʻano, hiki ke kanu koke ʻia i loko o ka papa ākea, kanu ʻia e 5-7 cm.ʻO ke kumu kanu no kēia hua ʻai e hoʻolako ai i nā mea kanu i ke kauwela, a pono i kēlā me kēia kumu lāʻau i kahi no ka meaʻai a me ka hoʻonoho maikaʻi ʻana i ka ovary. Ke kanu ʻana i ka pī ma ka wahi ākea ma waena o nā lālani, ʻoi aku ia e haʻalele i nā papa o 50-70 cm, a ʻo ka huina ma waena o nā mea kanu ʻaʻole e emi iho ma lalo o 20 cm. Ua lawe ʻia ka lūlū ʻana mai Mei a hiki i ka hapalua o Iune.
Inā mākou e kamaʻilio e pili ana i ka ulu ʻana i ka iʻa ma ka home ma Ukraine, kahi Kuban a me Stavropol Territory, i ka Astrakhan a me Saratov Regions, ua lulu ʻia lākou ma hope o ke kanu ʻana i nā melons, ka mea makemake ʻole hoʻi i ke ʻano o ka wela o ka mahana.
Peanut: Nā Pala Huihue Mea Taui
Ma nā wahi me ka pūnāwai protracted, ma laila kahi pilikia o ka hoʻi hou ʻana o ka wā anuanu, ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o ka hoʻokaʻawale ʻana iā ia. I ka laʻana, ma mua o ka ulu ʻana i ka pī i loko o ka Urals, i ka Rūkūlena, ma Belarus, a ma ka ʻāpana o ka Black Earth Region, ua kanu mua ʻia i loko o nā kōpō uku nui.
I kēia hihia:
- neʻe i kahi moe e kau i ke kauwela kauwela;
- ʻaʻole kīnā ka ke aʻa o ka mea kanu;
- ʻaʻohe pilikia o ka manuahi;
- E wikiwiki ka wikiwiki a me ka hassle-free.
No ka loaʻa o nā hua ikaika, lawe ʻia ka lūlū ma ʻApelila K kanu ʻia nā hua kanu i ka hohonu o 3 cm a hōʻike ʻia ma kahi wahi i ʻike ʻia maikaʻi kahi nāu e loaʻa ʻole ai i nā mea kanu. Pono i ka kanu ʻana o kēlā ʻano lepa i ka maʻamau, akā maʻalahi. Mālama ʻia ka mahana o ka lumi ma 22-25 ° C
Ma mua o ka ulu ʻana i ka pī i loko o ko lākou lākou ʻāina, ua koho ʻia ka moʻomeheu e like me ka mālamalama e like me ka home, kahi i pale ʻia mai ka makani anuanu.
ʻO nā mea kanu kiʻekiʻe nui, e like me ka palaoa, ka ʻaka, ka zucchini a me ka squash, hiki ke pale maikaʻi i nā malihini hema ma nā māla o Lūkia. E lilo lākou i mea kūpono mua no nā moʻomeheu.
No ka acclimatization, he mea kūpono e hoʻohana i nā hale ʻōmaʻomaʻo hale a i ʻole nā hale i hana ʻia i ka lole no ka poʻe i ʻokiʻoki ʻole ʻia.
Mālama no ka kanu ʻana i nā hua pī i ka ʻāina
ʻAʻole like me nā pī, nā pī, a me nā ʻuʻuku ʻē aʻe, ka mālama ʻana e pili pono ana i ka hana ʻai a me ka hoʻōla, ʻoiai e ulu ana i ka pī, ʻoi aku ka mea ma mua o ka māla lāʻau me ia me ka wai hoʻōla, akā me ka hoe a i ʻole kekahi mea kūpono e pono ai no ka puʻu. I nā lāʻau ovary maʻalahi i komo i loko o ka lepo, he mea e pono mau ai, akā, e hoʻokuʻu maikaʻi ʻia.
Pono e pīpī i nā hua pīpī a hiki i ka nui ʻana o nā pākeke. A laila ke hele wale nā mea kanu ma nā pā, a ua maʻalahi lākou e kaomi me ka ʻole e hoʻopilikia i nā mea kanu i kanu ʻia.
Hoʻomoe ʻia, hoʻohālikelike ʻia ma hope o ke kūkulu ʻana i ka ovary, me ke kaʻe o ka lau o ka lepo. A i ka hopena o ka manawa e ulu ana, i ka wā e ikaika a maloʻo ai, ua hoʻemi ʻia lākou. ʻO ka pūnāwai a me ke kauwela, e pane maikaʻi nā pī i nā lole ʻaina ʻoi me ka nui o ka momona nitrogen me ka pākeke a me ka nui o ka pāhare momona
ʻEkolu a pōkole ka pupuk no ka manawa, eia naʻe, ʻaʻole pono ia e hoʻohana i nā mea ola kūlohelohe, no ka laʻana, manure a manu manu hoʻi no ka ʻaʻa luna.
ʻO ka ʻokiʻoki i nā pīnī i ka hale ʻaina kauwela
ʻAʻole lawa nā ʻike pehea e ulu ai i nā maiʻa i ka ʻāina, he mea nui ia e hiki ke hōʻili i ka manawa a mālama i ka hua.
I ka hōʻiliʻili ʻana i nā pīni i lalo, pono ʻoe e makaʻala i ke kūlana o ke kaila. I ka huli koke ʻana o nā pua a hoʻomaka i ka maloʻo, pono e hōʻailona kēia no ka eli. Hole ka lohi, he maʻalahi ia e nalo i ka hapa o nā pīni, e hāʻule koke i ka hua maloʻo maloʻo a waiho i ka ʻāina no ka hoʻoilo.
Pono nā mea kanu ʻōmaʻomaʻo e huki ʻia inā ke hāʻule ka ea ma ke kokoke +10 ° C.
ʻO ka wā kūpono loa e hoʻomaʻemaʻe i kahi lā mahana, a maloʻo. A ʻo ka hāmeʻa maikaʻi ka mākaʻi ikaika me nā niho ākea. ʻAʻole kūpono kahi pala no ka ʻohiʻohi ma muli o ka nalowale e nalowale ana i kahi hapa o ka hua. Hoʻokaʻa ʻia nā mea kanu mai ka lepo a kau ʻia ma kahi pā maloʻo. Hiki i ke kanaka noho kauwela ke aʻo e pili ana i ka mākaukau no ka mālama ʻana i ka wā lōʻihi e ka leo leo maikaʻi a nā hua kanu e hele ana i loko o ka pī.
