I kou koho ʻana i ke ʻano o ka māla launa āu i manaʻo ai e kūkulu ai ma kāu pūnaewele, pono ʻoe e noʻonoʻo pono i nā mea kanu āu e kanu ai i loko. Nui nā inoa o nā mea kanu kūpono no nā māka, no laila e nānā ana i nā kahakaha a me nā kuhikuhi papa inoa, kākau i nā inoa āu e makemake ai i kahi moʻolelo ʻokoʻa, a laila e hoʻāʻo e kau iā lākou i ka hoʻolālā kiʻi.
Ke koho nei i nā mea kanu no rocariya, pono nā mea e noʻonoʻo i ka lōʻihi o ka pua, ka waiho ʻana a me ke ano o nā pua, nā lau a me nā huaʻai, ke kiʻekiʻe o nā mea kanu i ka wā o ka ulu ʻana, a no ka wā pinepine ka ulu.
ʻO kekahi o nā mea e hoʻoholo ai i ke koho ʻana i nā mea kanu no rocari ka hoʻomālamalama ʻana. E hoʻomanaʻo hou mākou ma mua o ke kanu ʻana i nā mea kanu i loko o ka mea i kālai ʻia, pono ia e hana i kahi manaʻo maopopo loa i ka hoʻomālamalama ʻana o nā ʻāpana āpau, ke lawe nei i kahi hola hola o kēia kumu a me ka hoʻomaopopo ʻana i nā wahi hoʻomālamalama a maikaʻi loa i ka wā o ke ao. Ma hope o kēia hūnā ʻia nā mea kanu e like me ke ʻano o ko lākou hōʻoia ʻana no ka mālamalama.
ʻO nā kiʻi a me nā inoa o nā mea kanu no ka rocariya, me nā ʻōlelo loiloi no kā lākou kanu ʻana i hōʻike ʻia ma kēia moʻolelo.
Nā mea kanu ākea a me ka desidious no nā hale palani (me ke kiʻi)
ʻO ke kumu o ka hoʻokumu ʻana o ka māla i ke kaaka i ka wahi ākea ka mea i kūkulu ʻia i nā lāʻau lāʻau a me nā mea kanu lāʻau mai nā hale maʻa kūlohelohe maoli: juniper, mauna pine, honeysuckle capra, lāʻau lapaʻau rosemary, cotoneaster adorable, etc. a me nā māla huaʻai huaʻai.
ʻO nā mea kanu hoʻopulapula o nā māla lau nahele i ka lā, makemake lākou e pā nui:
Thunberg's dwarf barberry "Atropurpurea Nana"
"Bagatelle"
"Bonanza Gold"
"Spirea Kepulauan Japanese"
"Japanese Mākou"
ʻO ka hoʻoneʻe ʻuʻuku o Cotoneaster, liʻiliʻi liʻiliʻi, ʻelua ʻūlū, Dammer, etc.
Mai nā conifers no nā wahi pōhaku e kūpono:
ʻO ka pine pine mauna a me kāna mau dwarf i hoʻohālikelike ʻia "Mops", "Ophir", "Winter Gold"
Thuja komohana a me kona mau ʻano "Hoseri", "Teddy", "Woodwardii"
Nā ʻano hoʻohālike a me nā mea kolo.
Ke Ala O Ka "Wiltonii"
Lying "Nana"
Cossack "Tamariscifolia"
"Variegata"
Scaly "Kahua hau Blue"
"Nā Lio Blue"
ʻO nā ʻano ʻōpū o nā mea kanu i kanu ʻia ma ke kumu o nā mea peʻe a ma luna o nā pōhaku e nānā nui ʻia, kahi e kau ai lākou mai nā pōhaku, me he mea lā. ʻO nā kola kolone o nā conifers he mau hiʻohiʻona nui i loko o kahi māla, ke waiho ʻana i nā accent kūlohelohe.
Hōʻike kēia mau kiʻi kiʻi i nā ala maikaʻi maikaʻi me nā conifers:
Hoʻohui ʻia ka loiloi ʻia e ka uamai hoʻomau ʻia o nā perennials a me nā makahiki keu. Pono e hoʻomanaʻo ʻia o nā wahi mālamalama ka maʻemaʻe, e like me ke kānāwai, e hoʻomaloʻo loa. Ma waena o nā mea kanu photophilous a me ka hoʻomaloka kūpono e kūpono no ke kanu ʻana i ka ululāʻau, hiki iā mākou ke ʻae i nā ʻōpiopio ʻōpio, stonecrop maʻamau, blueheads, wormwood, common yarrow, cumin sand, thyme creeping, Dubrovnik whitewashed, lavender he-ʻū, ʻū a me ka pōhaku. i nā ʻōlelo o ka pua, hiki iā ia ke mālama i nā waiwai kūloko o kahi pā pōhaku mai ka wā mua a hiki i ka hopena o ka hopena.
I ke kakahiaka nui, ke ʻano o ka aurex deltoid, crocuses, Iberis evergreen, Caucasian cirrus pua.
I ka mahina o ʻApelila, hoʻohui a me ka wīlohe awllo aplo, Apennine sunflower, a me ka alyssum i nā kala māmā.
I ka Mei, ʻo ka hui nui loa o nā ʻanekini i nā pōlani lā i hōʻike ʻia e nā ʻōpala pinnate, stalk Biberstein, Iberis pinned, prickly beetroot, sabil-lawe basil-leavened, shrub raspberry, etc.
I ke kauwela, ka pua o nā pua, knifofiya, purslane, verena, ahiahi primrose, ʻo John John's wort, a me nā mea ʻē aʻe.
I ka wā lohi, e hoʻohiolo ka māla i ka nānā me ka pua a me ka pua o ka lobularia, awl-shaped phlox, silenas, a me ka ceratostigma laiki-lohi, lula, nā pua palu maikaʻi - cotoneaster, holly magonia, etc.
I ka wā holo, he maikaʻi nā ʻano he nui i nā papa pōhaku, ʻoi aʻe, ʻo ka hoʻomaʻemaʻe ʻo Byzantine.
E hana kūleʻa ka nani a me ka nani, ke koho ʻia ʻoe, pono ʻoe e hāʻawi i ke aloha i nā mea kanu e pili ana i kēia neʻe o ka ʻāina i ke ʻano. ʻAʻole hiki ke hoʻonā ʻia ke waiho ma ʻaneʻi nui, lūlū, pua hua kanu hua ʻai e hoʻokaʻawale me kahi papa ʻāina i hoʻopaʻa ʻia. Ua kūpono nā mea kanu, i loko o ke ʻano kūlohelohe i nā kuahiwi, nā wahi pōhaku, nā pāpū a maloʻo, nā puʻu palaka, a me nā ʻalā chalky, nā kukui uila, nā nahele māla, a me nā mea ʻē aʻe i maʻalahi e hiki iā lākou ke lawe i nā mea kanu i nā kīhāpai a hana i kahi ʻano hoʻokahi, kū lōʻihi.
ʻO Microbiota, yews, nā tsuga Kanaka, nā ʻano like ʻole a me nā ʻano iʻi ʻia e like me nā rockery i penumbra mai nā conifers; mai ka evergreen deciduous - hoʻoilo i waena o Rūsia, holly holly ka holly, boxwood is evergreen, holly magonia, viburnum; o ka uhi honua - tiarella, heichera, primrose, ferns, virelantantschantia, frangipani, cloven hoof, creeping tenacious, violets, India dushenia. Kūʻai maikaʻi i ka penumbra rocariya i ka mea ʻala, ke kūleʻa i lanakila, ka hua ʻala, nā geranium nui-rhizome, kaono, coltsfoot, nā pua.
E ʻike i ke ʻano o nā pulu ʻiliʻane me nā conifers i kēia mau kiʻi.
Inā koho ʻia kahi i wahi māla i ka puʻu, a laila liʻiliʻi ka nui o nā mea kanu. Eia kekahi, hoʻonā nā wahi lulu i ka kala o ka hoʻopiha holoʻokoʻa. ʻO nā fern a me nā kumuwaiwai, nā mikanium a me nā mea kanu pale a me nā mea kanu ʻē aʻe ʻē aʻe e noho i laila. E ulu maikaʻi nā Mosses i ka pale. Inā ʻoe e hoʻohana i ke aniani a i ʻole ka pae apopo, a laila e hiki koke i kēia mau pōhaku e uliuli a "ulu" i ke kuahiwi.
Ma kahi māla i ʻoi aku, ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o ka haʻalele i nā pua pua, i ka wā e nānā ai lākou inharmoniously kokoke i nā pōhaku.
Ke koho nei i nā mea kanu no nā lāʻau pōhaku, ʻaʻole pono kahi e hakakā no nā ʻano ākea. Ma ka mokulele o 10 m2 hikiʻole ke kau i ke nani o nā pua he 12-15. Nānā ka uhi i nā ʻāina maikaʻi ke hōʻokaʻili ʻia kēlā me kēia ʻano ma kahi ʻāpana he 0.8-1.2 m2. Inā nui a nui o nā mea kanu, e lilo ka mea ʻili i loko o kahi kolamu e kiʻi i ka hoihoi wale mai nā amateurs a me nā limahana.
Inā pili ka pōhaku i kahi kokoke i kahi pahu wai a i kahi lā lepo paha, a laila ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o ka kanu ʻana i nā mea kanu aloha i loko.
I kēia lā i nā mea kanu, ʻo nā hale kūʻai kūikawā he koho nui nui o nā mea kanu uhi honua, me ka ʻole o ka hiki ʻole ke hoʻokumu i kahi kaila nani. Ke koho nei i nā mea kanu no kahi māla hoʻolālā e hiki mai ana, ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o ka haʻalele ʻana i nā moemoeā aniani o nā keʻokeʻo a keʻokeʻo ʻē aʻe, periwinkle nui a liʻiliʻi, kekahi mau ʻano o ka wai waikawa, he mea paʻakikī loa loa.
Pākuʻi ʻo ka hano he mea ʻaʻole i hana i nā clumps ākea (e ulu hīmeni ana a i ʻole ka hui liʻiliʻi), e pili pinepine ana i nā mea kanu ornamental-deciduous, ka mea e noho nei i nā mana o nā manawaleā manawa kūʻokoʻa, e hoʻihoʻi hou ana i nā ʻano kālaiʻu a uhi ʻia nā mea kū like ʻole o ka hoʻopukapuka ʻana i ke kauwela.
Ua kanu ʻia lākou ma ka ʻaoʻao o nā pōhaku, ma nā ʻili a a ma ka wāwae o nā papahele. ʻAʻole pono nā mea kanu o kēia ʻano e nānā i nā mea nānā kuʻuna o ka maʻa. Hāpai ʻia nā huaʻai nunui nui i kēlā me kēia nui o nā mea kanu lāʻau. No nā māla nunui nunui pono lākou, no ka liʻiliʻi - ʻaʻole pono.
ʻOi aku ka maikaʻi o nā mea kanu ke kūʻai me kahi ʻōnaehana paʻa. A laila hiki iā lākou ke kau ʻia ma nā pūnaewele ulu o lākou e kū pono ana i loko o nā ipu.
E like me ka mea i hōʻike ʻia i ke kiʻi, ua waiho ʻia nā mea kanu a pau i ka pili i ka hiki ke kūpono i ka wai, weed, hōʻiliʻili a noʻonoʻo iā lākou:
Inā loaʻa i kou māla keʻa i kahi pahu, pono e kiaʻi nui ka koho o nā pōhaku a me nā mea kanu. Pono ʻoe e koho i nā mea kanu mea i makemake ai lākou e noʻonoʻo kokoke. No kēia mea, kūpono nā poʻe maleō, nā saxifrages, nā ʻōkeke, stonecrops, etc.
ʻO ka mea aʻe kahi wehewehe i kahi o nā noho no nā pua a me nā mea kanu i nā hale pōhaku, ua hōʻike ʻia nā kiʻi a me nā inoa.
ʻO ka hoʻoholo ʻana o kahi kahua kanu i loko o nā wahi pōhaku
ʻO kahi mea nui i ka wā kanu i nā mea kanu i ka ʻōpala o ka mea ke hoʻoholo i kahi noho kūpono.
Ke kanu nei i nā pua a me nā mea kanu ʻē aʻe no ka mea e pili ana i ka ulala, hoʻokaʻawale nā ʻano o nā noho i lalo: terrace, hole, crevice, slope, pōhaku.
Heiau - kahi papahana ākea a nānā iki paha i kahi alapiʻi, ʻo ia hoʻi he kānāwai, ua lawa ka mālamalama a me nā nāʻu aʻe. Hoʻohana ʻia i loko o nā māla makina nui no ka kanu ʻana i nā perennials nui o nā māmala nui i hana i nā pua. , kumini one), nā mea uhi honua (creeping tenacious, medicon veronica, creeping thyme, white-leaved dubrovnik, makapo-lea-lau frangipani, ahiahi primrose kūʻai aku, a me nā ʻōlelo naʻe).
Hole - kahi “bona” a he ala ʻokiʻoki ʻili paha i kūkulu ʻia ma waena o nā pōhaku i ka wā e waiho ai lākou. Hoʻohālike ʻia e ka kaawale, ka malu, ka haki maikaʻi. He kūpono kūpono no ka kanu ʻana i nā mea kanu liʻiliʻi, a me nā perennials aloha i ke wela (rosemary, lavender, sage medicinal), ephemeroids (tulip, daffodil, hyacinth, puna chive, primrose, ka meli meli melika, saffron).
Kahiki - kahi paʻa paʻa loa i ka lele a i ʻole paha ma waena o nā pōhaku, nā papa kīwili o ke ala, ma ka paia o ka masonry maloʻo. A ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi no nā mea kanu o nā ʻano lāʻau a no nā mea kāhea ʻole i ka waterlogging nui (heʻalopuni ke'ōpiopio, ka ʻili i kāu thyme, sand cumin, nā puʻupuʻu ʻolo, nā grassy capers, ʻo Dubrovnik keʻokeʻo, ka lāʻau ʻulaʻula, ka rosodiola māpala). I nā crevices, cymbalaria, centrantuses, a me St. John's wort e ulu a ulu.
Lopa - ke kuhi (ma kahi kihi o ka nui o ka 45 °) o ka ʻili o ka ululāʻau, ʻaʻole i hoʻonohonoho ʻia e ka pōhaku. ʻAʻole kēia kahi wahi kūpono loa no ka kanu ʻana i nā mea kanu. Eia nō naʻe, i pale aku ai i ka hoʻoheheʻe ʻana i ka lepo, uhi ka lepo a me nā mea ʻē aʻe me ke kūpaʻa a i ʻole ke waiho ʻana i ka pūnaʻa o ke aʻa a manaʻu paha, nā ʻāpala aʻa (creeping thyme, rosemary, lavender, Moldavian snakehead, prickly artichoke, creeping throat, and marasmus throat, the grow or here , Dubrovnik keokeo-waiū, etc.). Ma nā kihi ke kauwela, nā ʻano pālala, mesembryantemum, “kahe” e like me ka "kahe".
Hoʻokomo ʻia kekahi mau ʻano pōhaku i ka por porite (sandstone, tuʻi hae ʻia) a kūpono hoʻi no nā mea ulu.
No ka kanu ʻana, maʻamau lākou i nā papaʻaina, kahi i piha me ka lepo lepo, a me nā hua kanu a i nā mea kanu liʻiliʻi o nā mea kanu peralani (ʻo nā pouluopio, stonecrop, creeping thyme), akā i kekahi manawa, inā ma Asia Hema, hiki iā ʻoe ke ʻike i kahi pine i ka pōhaku.
ʻO nā pua nani loa no nā kiʻi pōhaku e hōʻike ʻia ana i kēia mau kiʻi:
Pēlā ka hoʻomākaukau ʻana a me ka kanu ʻana i nā lua pōhaku
Ma mua o ke kanu ʻana i nā mea kanu i loko o ka pā pōhaku, pono ka mākaukau ʻāina mua. ʻO nā koi no ka kūlana o ka ʻāina i nā mea kanu, ma ke ʻano he kānāwai, ʻokoʻa loa ia ma mua o ke kanu ʻana i kēlā me kēia ʻano ʻano, pono ia e familiarize iā ʻoe iho me ka puke kuʻuna a ʻike i kona mau makemake.
No laila, koi aku kāu thyme a me nā ʻoka no nā pā alkaline papaha (pH 6.5 - 8). Me ka hoʻohui, hiki iā ʻoe ke hoʻohana i nā minereka a kūpaʻa a i ʻole alkaline, maikaʻi nā kumukūʻai pālua me ka nui o ka palaoa a hiki i ka 8-10 mm, ululāʻau ʻōpala a alkaline kūpono. E ulu maikaʻi ka hostas a me nā violets ma nā lepo hohonu i kahi waiwai i mea pilikino. ʻO Heathers, Erica, rhododendrons - nā mea aloha o nā kumu waikawa. No ka meaʻoi loa, ua hana ʻia ka papa hana ma ka kāwili ʻana i ka ʻāina māla, ka pit, ke one a me ka mauʻu ʻōpoki i kahi ʻano o 2: 2: 1: 1 (pH 4.5 -5.5).
ʻO ka hapa nui o nā mea kanu no nā mea kanu e pīpī i kahi substrate, ʻoi ʻia ka ea a me ka wai, me kahi mea liʻiliʻi o nā mea kūlohelohe. Hoʻomili ʻia ʻo ia me ka hoʻāliʻi ʻana i ka lepo turf me ka one lepo a i ʻole maʻa mauʻa ma ke ʻano o 2: 1 a i ʻole hui pū ʻana i ka māla māla, ua ʻoki a hoʻohālikelike ʻia i ka pāhaa o 3: 2: 1.
Ke kanu nei nā mea kanu, pili lākou i ka loina mai ka nui a i ka liʻiliʻi, ʻo ia hoʻi, i ka mea mua i kanu lākou i nā ʻano dwarf o nā lāʻau, a laila - nā pua lāʻau a me ka la hope - nā mea kanu mea kanu.
Ke hoʻoholo nei i ka wahi o nā lāʻau coniferous a deciduous, no kēlā me kēia mea kanu kahi noho mākaukau e hoʻomākaukau me ka nui o 10 l a me kahi hohonu o 30 - 40 cm. Hoʻomoe ʻia me ka lepo lepo mākaukau a ua kanu ʻia nā ʻano lāʻau, e hoʻopuni ana i ka lua no ka hoʻoheheʻe ʻia, kahi mea e lawe ʻia ma lalo o 10 l wai.
Hāʻawi i ka wahi no ka mea kanu kūikawā, pono ia e noʻonoʻo i kona hiki ke ulu, akā, i mea e hoʻokō ai i ka hopena, e hoʻolilo i nā kanu kanu i ka wā hiki loa, e kāohi ana i ko lākou laulā ma hope aʻe.
Nā mea kanu i kanu ʻia i loko o nā pā pōhaku - nā pihi kai, nā kahawai, pono pono ka nānā ʻana a hiki i ke aʻa ʻana. I kekahi manawa no ka manawa o ko lākou kolo ʻana, e kau ʻia nā papa ma nā ʻaoʻao o ka lono, i hoʻopaʻa ʻia i ka ʻāina i mea e pale ai i ka heʻe o ka lepo a me ka ʻike o ke ʻano kumu. E hoʻopau i kēia pilikia, ʻo ka mulching me nā lāʻau lāʻau, nā ʻono, a me nā mea hoʻi i hoʻohana ʻia, a laila wehe ʻia ka mulch.
Ma hope o ke kanu ʻana i nā mea kanu i loko o nā pā pōhaku, ua hoʻoulu ʻia lākou me nā wahi liʻiliʻi o ka wai. I ka manawa like, hoʻokaʻawale ʻia nā kumulāʻau lāʻau mai kahi kahe wai, e hoʻopiha i nā pūnāwai me ka wai a ʻike pono ʻole nā kihi o nā lua.
Kūkulu ʻia nā perennials Herbaceous i kahi lepo lepo i mākaukau ʻia.
I ka wā e haku ai nā mea kanu i nā mea kanu, he mea nui e noʻonoʻo i ka lōʻihi o ka pua o nā mea kanu, ke waihoʻoluʻu o nā pua, nā inflorescences, nā huaʻai, nā ʻano a me nā kūlana o nā lau, ke kiʻekiʻe o nā mea kanu i ka wā o ka pua, a me ka nui o ka ulu o ka ulu. Ma mua o ke kanu ʻana i kahi mea kanu i kahi wahi paʻa mau, e noʻonoʻo pono pehea e hoʻohui pū ai ia i ka hui ʻana me kona mau hoalauna.
Mai nā mea kanu palupalu, hiki iā ʻoe ke hana i nā pūlohi static he nui loa ia no nā māla ululāʻau. Inā ulu nui nā compositions, a laila e mālama a mālama iā lākou i loko o kekahi mau palena, e pono ai kahi mālama, ʻoi aku ka nui.
ʻO nā poʻe ʻona ʻāina, ʻaʻole hiki ke hoʻonohonoho i ka ʻaluna maoli, i ʻike maikaʻi ʻia me ka miniform. ʻO kahi lua e pili ana i kahi lua e pili ana i ka 1 m hiki ke maʻalahi i kahi e hiki ai i kahi wahi haʻahaʻa, a hiki ke hoʻoneʻe ʻia ka mea nānā ma ka pahu. Pono ke koho ʻia e nā pōhaku liʻiliʻi a me nā mea kanu stunted no kēlā ʻano pōhaku.
ʻO kekahi o nā koho koho kumu no ke ʻano liʻiliʻi o ke ʻano hona rocky e pili ana i ka ʻona ʻai ʻana ka "salad rockery". Eia ka pīkoi kuahiwi var. ka ʻala ʻala, nā ʻala ʻawa, ka ʻala o ka ʻala, ke aniani, ka ʻāʻī, saxifrage ʻāhā, ka lawaiʻa ʻana i kāu thyme, māla māhuna, oregano "Compactum".
Nā rula no ka waiho ʻana i nā mea kanu i loko o nā kīhāpai:
- Pono ke kiʻekiʻe o nā mea kanu me ka nui o ka mea ʻala: i loko o nā hale nui, hiki ke hoʻohana i nā mea kanu me ke kiʻekiʻe a hiki i 200 cm, ma waena - 50 - 70 cm, i loko liʻiliʻi - 20 - 30 cm.
- ʻO nā nunui nui, nā hua kanu e ulu ana i kahi mamao mai ke alo mua, ma nā ʻaoʻao o ka puʻu, i ke kua a i ʻole ke kua ʻana; nā mea liʻiliʻi liʻiliʻi ke hiki ke kanu ʻia ma kahi kokoke i lākou.
- K kanuʻia nā mea kanu liʻiliʻi, ulu-maloʻo i ka mua, ma nā wahi ʻike.
- Pono e kūpono nā lāʻau i nā pōhaku i ka nui. ʻAʻole lākou e hoʻopiha piha i nā pōhaku. ʻAe ʻole ʻia ka hoʻēmi ʻana o ka māla lau me nā mea kanu.
- I nā pōhaku liʻiliʻi, ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o ka kanu i nā mea uhi uhi ʻāina, ma nā mea pālahalaha - 1 - 2 nui a i ʻole nā mea kanu liʻiliʻi.
- Hoʻoholo ʻia ka mamao ma waena o nā mea kanu i ka mea nui. Hoʻolilo ʻia ka liʻiliʻi ma hope o 5 - 15 cm mai kēlā me kēia, kiʻekiʻe - ma hope o 15 -25 cm, ke ʻole kekahi e hōʻike ʻia.
- ʻO nā mea kanu me nā ʻano like ʻole a me nā kala o nā pua, inflorescences, lau pono e loli.
- E ʻike pono e hoʻokō i nā koi o ke kaiāulu o nā mea kanu, kanu lākou iā lākou i nā ʻano kūpono o nā noho!
Hoʻokaʻawale ʻia nā mea kanu uhi ma mua o ka kanu ʻana i nā hui e like me ke ʻano a me ka hana o ka lau, nā pono no ka lepo a me ka haʻalulu, ka nui o ka ulu wale ʻana, a me ka ʻuʻuku pōpilikia ʻia ma luna o ka wahi i māhele ʻia no kēia ʻano.
I mea e pale ʻole ai i ka ʻano like ʻole, ʻaʻole pono ia e hoʻopuehu i nā mea kanu like i loko o kahi ākea. Ua kanu ʻia lākou me nā ʻāpana nui o ke ʻano nui a me nā ʻano like. Ke hoʻohana nei i nā mea kanu me nā kala, ka hina a hina paha nā pua (Byzantine chives, keʻokeʻo-dubrovnik Dubrovnik, cineraria moana, a).
He mea nui ia e hoʻopili i ka papa o ka papa lepo ma hope o ke kanu me ka mulch mineral. Ke kōkua nei kēia ala e pale i ka mea ulana mai ka ʻoka ʻana i ka lepo, mālama i kona makika, a loaʻa kahi hopena kūpono i ka microclimate o ka papa pōhaku. ʻO nā ʻāpana pāpaʻi o ka pōhaku i ʻoki ʻia mai ka 2 a 16 mm paha i ka nui a i ʻole ka pulupulu ʻana i ka mea i ulana ʻia e kūpono no nā mea kanu. Pono e hui pū me ka ʻāpana o ka pōhaku i koho ʻia e ke kala o ka pale.
ʻO kahi mea palekana e hoʻomoʻa ʻia ana no nā mea kanu lepo waʻa, he mau pala i loaʻa i ka quartz. ʻO ka mānoanoa o ka pale palekana e hilinaʻi nei i ka wikiwiki o ka mea e ulu i nā mea kanu. ʻOi aku ka liʻiliʻi o nā mea kanu ngana liʻiliʻi ʻoi aku ka mānoanoa o nā kahu poli o 0,5 a 2.5 cm. No nā mea nui aku, ua hana ʻia kahi mea pale me ka mānoanoa o 2.5 a 4 cm.
