Pehea e koho ai i kahi hua maikaʻi?

E hele mai ana ka puna a ua piha nā mākeke me nā mea kanu o ka lau ʻai, ka māla, nā pua a me nā mea kanu. Kuhi ʻia nā hua kanu e nā mea kūʻai pilikino, nā mahiʻai kūikawā, nā māla mahinaʻai a me nā hale kūʻai kūikawā. Ma hea ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi e kūʻai i nā mea kanu a pehea e koho ai i ke ʻano kiʻekiʻe? Ma hope o nā mea a pau, ʻike nā māla lawehala i ka nui o ka huhū a me ka minamina, ke nānā aku nei nā mea kanu no 2-3 mau lā i kanu ma ka ʻāina ākea, i ʻole e hoʻohuli i ka lau i ka ulu ʻana o ka lā. Hiki ke kōkua mai kekahi mau ʻōlelo aʻoaʻo iā ʻoe i ke ʻano e ʻike ai a kūʻai i nā hua kanu maikaʻi.

ʻO nā hua i kūʻai ʻia ma nā mea lawe.

I ka manawa hea ka manawa maikaʻi e kūʻai i nā mea kanu?

Lawe mai nā mea kūʻai aku i kā lākou mau hua mua i ka mākeke ma nā wahi hema ma ka hopena o Malaki a i ka hoʻomaka ʻana o ʻApelila (kāpeti mua, kekahi pua puaa). E lawe i kou manawa e kūʻai aku ai. Hiki i ka maʻalahi o kēia mau wīlū, lūlū i ke kakahiaka, a wikiwiki ka mea nona ka ʻona i nā lako mea ʻole ʻole. E make pinepine nā hua like ma ka 50-70%, koi i ka mālama hou aku ma ke ʻano o nā pā kaʻawale.

Pono e kali no ka hoʻomehana ʻana o ka ʻāina i ke kumu o ke kumu i nā mahana i ʻōlelo ʻia ai a me ka manawa ʻole-hau. No nā mea kanu maloʻo-Kālepa (kāpeti, salads, celery), e hoʻomehana ka ʻāina i loko o ke aʻa e noho ai ke kihi 10-15 cm i ka + 10 ... + 12ºС. No nā kamaliʻi thermophilic nui loa - + 12 ... + 14 ° С, pepa a me ka ʻāpala - ma mua o + 15 ° С.

Nā hua kanu me kahi ʻōnaehana maikaʻi loa ʻaʻole i ʻae i nā mea kanu - nā kukama, zucchini, ka paukena, nā wai - - 17 ... + 18 ° С. Hoʻomau nā mea kanu i ka lepo anu i ke kaumaha no ka manawa lōʻihi loa, mai hoʻomaka e hoʻokumu i nā aʻa ʻōpio ("freeze"), kanu nā mea kanu i ka wā lōʻihi, mai ka maʻi.

ʻOi aku ka maikaʻi ke kali a hiki i ka neʻe ʻana o ka ea kūpono mau ka ea, ʻaʻole i haʻahaʻa ma mua o + 14 ... + 20 ° С, like me ka ʻano a me ʻole nā ​​ʻano moʻomeheu. I nā makahiki i hala iho nei, ua paʻakikī nā loli o ka lewa e wānana. ʻOiai i ka hema (ʻo ke kūkulu hema o Moldova, Ukraine, kahi mau wahi ma ka hema o Rūsia), hiki i nā froma kakahiaka ma mua i hiki ke lanakila i nā hua āpau ma hope o Mei 8-10. E makaʻala!

ʻO kaʻoiaʻiʻo, ʻaʻole ia ka pāpā ʻia e kūʻai i nā mea kanu mua inā ʻoi ia e kanu iā lākou ma kahi moena mahana a i ʻole ma lalo o kahi e noho ʻole.

Mai kūʻai lilo i nā mea kanu no ka hoʻohana pono ʻana. ʻO ia hoʻi, mai haʻalele i nā lā 3-4 i loko o ka wai a i kahi lipilalū hōkū. E loaʻa i nā mea kanu i ka aʻa ʻaʻole he 3-4 lā, akā 8-10, hoʻohālikelike ʻia i ka ʻāina ākea e lōʻihi i kahi manawa a pono ia e hana i kahi hana / mālama.

Mai kūʻai koke i nā hua o nā mea kanu a pau. Hōʻalo ka wā kanu, ʻoi aku hoʻi i ka lepo hūnā ʻia, me nā hopena maikaʻi ʻole. Eʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o ke kūʻai aku i nā hua ma ke kakahiaka a hiki i ka hola 10-11 a kanu iā lākou i ka lā like ma hope o 15 mau hola. E hala ka mea wela o ke ao, i ka pō o ka liʻiliʻi o ka mea kanu i ke kaiapuni. Inā wela nā lā, mai poina e pritenit i nā mea kanu mai 11-12 i 15 mau hola mai ka puhi ʻana o nā lā.

I ka mākeke, ma mua o kou kūʻai ʻana i nā hua kanu, e nānā aku i nā mea kūʻai aku. Hāʻawi i ka makemake i nā hui kūlana e loaʻa ana kahi laikini i kau ʻia a me nā palapala ʻokoʻa no ke kūʻai aku.

Kohi i kāu koho i nā mea kanu i waiho ʻia i loko o nā pahu i kāhi ʻia, nā pā, ka mea maikaʻi ke ulu ʻana i nā cassettes, nā kīʻaha, nā kīʻaha e hōʻike ana i nā ʻano like ʻole. E nānā pono i nā hua kanu o nā kukama, zucchini, squash a me nā moʻomeheu ʻē aʻe i ʻae ʻole i ka hoʻohālikelike. Pono lākou i loko o nā pahu i hoʻokaʻawale ʻia me kahi ʻōnaehana kiki paʻa.

Nā huaʻala o nā tōmato.

Ma nā hōʻailona ākea e koho ai i nā pua kiʻekiʻe?

Pono e mālama pono i nā ʻōlelo hōʻike i waho.

ʻO nā hua wili o ke aʻa

I kēia mau lā, hāʻawi nā mea kūʻai aku i nā mea kūʻai mai nā mea kanu i ulu i 2 mau ala - me kahi ākea wehe a paʻa. Lā nā hua kanu me kahi ʻōnaʻo hāwau a maʻamau e hele ana i kahi kaʻina koho. ʻO ka hopena hope loa, ʻaʻole i pili ka maikaʻi o nā mea kanu i ke ʻano o ka ʻohi a i ʻole ka ʻoki ʻana i ka māla.

E nānā pono i nā mea kanu me kahi ʻōnaehana wehe. ʻAʻole like kēlā me kēia ʻano a i ʻole paha i loko o ka pahu, akā, ma ka pahu ʻokoʻa. Ua pālahalaha ka ʻōnaehana kumu hou i nā aʻa a ulu a ʻo nā pua i hoʻokumu ʻia e ka glomerulus a i ʻole ʻōpio ʻōpio.

Pono ka lepo ma nā kumu o nā hua kanu hou, ʻaʻole maloʻo, maʻalahi e ʻohi me nā huʻu i ka wā e haʻalulu ai. ʻO ka ʻōnaehana o ka aʻa i loko o kahi kūkākūkā mānoʻo e pili ana i lalo o ka hua i pani ʻia, he hōʻike nō ia no nā pua hou, ʻoiai he ʻano hou ka lau o nā mea kanu. Pono e ʻike maopopo ʻia nā kumu i loko o ka mea kamaʻilio, me ka loaʻa ʻole o ka mea hoʻoulu, pākī. Pono ke keʻokeʻo o nā aʻa, keʻokeʻo, ola, a ʻū ʻole ʻia me ka ʻāʻī paʻakikī.

Uaʻoi aku ka ʻoi aku ke kūʻai aku i nā hua o nā mea āpau i ulu i loko o nā ʻāpana, nā papa, nā cassettes, nā kō a me nā kīʻaha. Hoʻopili maikaʻi nā hua kanu hou me kahi ʻōnaʻo fibrous i ke aʻa ma kahi hou, akā me kahi koʻokoʻo, ma ke ʻano he kānāwai, ʻaʻole lākou.

ʻO nā mea kanu e like me nā kukama, nā wai, zucchini, squash e kūʻai mau ʻia me kahi pūnaehana hoʻopiʻi ʻia, a i ka wā e hoʻololi ai a hele i ke kūleʻa, ʻaʻole o kaʻino ke kumu. Kūpono nā hua kanu o nā mea kanu i ulu ʻia i loko o nā kōkuhi kōpika-humus ka mea maikaʻi loa no ka kanu ʻana.

Hōʻike ka papa ma lalo nei i nā hoʻohālike o nā mea kanu no ka kanu ʻana i nā mea kanu hua nui. Ke koho ʻana i nā hua kanu, e hoʻolohe pono i nā hua ʻōlelo o waho.

Nā hua kanu maʻi.

Nā kiko waho o nā mea kanu kūpono - papa

Huaala kiʻekiʻe

ʻO ke kiʻekiʻe o nā hua kanu o nā tōmato, nā pōkō hau, ka hua manu, nā kūpeʻe maʻamau o nā hua lāʻau he 25-30 cm.

ʻO ka lāliki ka mua o ka ulu o 13-15 cm, a i ka wā i hala - 15-20 cm.

Hoʻonohonoho ʻia ma ka nui, ʻike mau nā hua lāʻau ʻoi nā mea kanu i ulu pono i nā koina āpau no ka meaʻai, ka hoʻoulu ʻana, ka uila, ka wai a me ka ea.

Kālā huaole

He pololei ke kuʻi, ʻaʻole olakino, kānana, me kaʻole o nā pōpoki, ʻo nā pimples (inā ʻaʻole kēia mākaʻōlelo koʻikoʻi o ka moʻomeheu). ʻAʻole ka hakahaka o ke ʻano o nā mea kanu me ka pīhoihoi palupalu (overfed, greasy), akā maʻalahi ia e hoʻokau a hoʻihoʻi i ke kūlana kū.

ʻO ka mānoanoa / ka lōʻihi o ka ulu o nā hua mua o ka mau ʻaka o ka 7-8, i kahi o ka hope - 7-10 mm, paku pubescent, ʻoniʻula.

I ka ʻōwili a me ka pepelu Bulgaria, ke ʻano o ka pua o nā hua he diameter ka 6-7 a me 4-6 mm, ma kēlā, ma ka ʻāʻī aʻa. I ka ʻōwili, liʻiliʻi ka palu ma ka pubescence, i loko o nā ʻōpala - ʻōmaʻomaʻo ʻōmaʻomaʻo, lamolemole. ʻAʻole ka hohonu o nā internode i kahi 2.0-2.5 cm. Aia nā mea kanu, ua like ka nui o nā lāʻau āpau.

I loko o ka pepa, he kiʻekiʻe ka lāʻau mai ke aʻa aʻa i nā lau mua o 3-6 cm. ʻO ka pālahalaha nui loa o ka lula, ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi. Hiki i nā hua kanu maikaʻi ke lilo i ka mānoanoa a me ka liʻiliʻi o 8-10 mm. ʻO nā mea kanu me nā wana polū me kahi aniani ʻoi ʻia e ʻole eʻoi aku ma mua o 3-4 mm ʻaʻole pono e kūʻai. Pono pololei ke ʻōpio me ka ʻole o kahi curvature. Inā hoʻokō ʻia ke kumu, e lōʻihi aku ia i nā mea kanu, a e hoʻomaka ke hua i ka 2-3 hebedoma ma hope aʻe. Pono loa, ʻaʻohe constriction a me nā wahiʻeleʻele. Ke hoʻowahāwahā nei ʻoe mai nā kala paʻa mai kahi maʻi a i ʻole ke hele ʻana o nā pōpoki.

Nā huaʻōlelo

ʻO nā lau o nā ʻanohelehele āpau me ke ʻano o ka ʻāpana o ka ʻōiwi. ʻO nā lau naheleʻeleʻele pihaʻeleʻele ke hōʻike i ka hau e pili ana i ka hau. Kīwī ka mea kanu ponoʻī a maʻalahi hoʻi e haki. Inā ʻaʻole maopopo ka ʻike maoli o nā lau o kekahi kumulāʻau iā ʻoe, hiki iā ʻoe ke ʻike i ka hua o nā mea kūʻai aku, ʻike i nā ʻano āu e pono ai mai nā mea nona a nānā i nā lau o nā mea kanu (ʻokiʻoki lau lau, ka lau lau, pubescence).

I nā hua mua o nā hua kamato, ʻo ka nui o nā lau i hoʻomōhala ʻia e pili ana i ka 5-6. Pono ka mea kanu i ka pua pua, ʻoi aku me ka pua pua 1-2. ʻO nā ʻano waena a i waena paha o nā mea kanu 8 e kanu no ka kanu ʻana, i kekahi manawa a hiki i 10 lau mau.

Nā hua kanu o ka hua mua, mākaukau no ka kanu ʻana, aia he 6 mau lau a me nā pua pua, a ʻo 8-12 ka pakanā liʻiliʻi a me ka hopena. Inā he kukui uliuli ka kala o nā lau, a ʻo nā mea maʻamau a pau ka maʻamau, a laila ma hope o ke kanu ʻana i nā hua kanu i nā lā 5-6 hou, pono ʻoe e hānai me nā chelated fertilizers (maʻalahi digestible) mau ala, ka hoʻouluulu ʻana o ka lehu a i momona paha me nā mea ʻike.

ʻO nā hua o ke kolamu mua no ka kanu ʻana i ka lau mau o 5-6 mauʻu, waena a me ka lōlū - 6-7. Pono e maloʻo nā lau āpau, me ka haki ʻole, me ka pano waxy liʻiliʻi (hiki i nā kukui ʻulaʻula māmā). Hiki i nā lau haʻahaʻa iʻa nā hōʻailona hōʻino i kahi maʻi maʻamau - keel.

ʻO nā hua kukuna ma kūʻai i kahi hale kūʻai.

Nā hewa maʻamau i ke koho ʻana i nā hua

Mai kūʻai i nā mea kanu kūlou. ʻAʻole ia e hoʻokokoke i kahi oʻo mua a me ka hopena piha loa, no ka mea ka nui o ka manawa i ka adaptation a me ka engraftment o ke ʻano kumu.

ʻO ka lau ʻōpala, pāmaʻi ʻulaʻula, elongated translucent kiʻekiʻe, aʻa ma ke ʻano o nā pua ʻōpala - ʻaʻole kūpono nā mea kanu i ka kanu.

Ma ka lāʻau ke kani o nā lau hemo, nā wahi ʻeleʻele a me nā laina liʻiliʻi ma nā lōpala, nā lau mosaic underdeveloped me nā ʻōpala maloʻo. ʻOi aku ka maikaʻi e hōʻole i kēlā mau hua. ʻAʻole kūpono ʻo ia no ka ʻāina.

Lana ko mākou manaʻo e kōkua nā ʻōlelo aʻoaʻo i hāʻawi ʻia i loko o kēia ʻatikala e loaʻa i nā hua olakino maikaʻi kiʻekiʻe a ulu i ka hōʻiliʻili waiwai.