ʻO ka waiwai o ka pakanani no nā pua

Ma ka moʻomeheu o nā rōkia, ʻelua mau hana o ka hoʻohiwahiwa e hoʻohana ʻia: nā mea ulu a me nā hua. ʻO nā mea kanu maʻamau loa. Hoʻohana ʻia ia e ka pua ʻana, ka hoʻopuka ʻana, nā ʻokiʻoki, a me nā hua like. Hoʻopili ʻia nā Rosehips me nā hua liki e kiʻi i kahi lāʻau no ka kiki a i ʻole ke kano ʻana.

ʻO ka pua maʻa. © ʻO Rockyrosa

Ua aneane like nā ʻano like ʻole o ka rose. Kēlā nāwaliwali o nā mea kanu o ka rose ona, a paʻa ʻole i ke kūlana kūlohelohe. ʻO Rosehip ka mea pinepine ma ke ʻano he rose rose. ʻO ka lāʻau kahi kumu o ka scion, ka ʻāpana kūlohelohe o ka mea kanu. ʻO ka lōʻihi o ka ulu lāʻau, kona ulu maʻamau a me ka hoʻomohala ʻana, e hilinaʻi ana ia ma ke kumukūʻai. He mea koʻikoʻi ka hopena o ke kumukūʻai ma ka manawa pua a me ka hua ʻana i ka hoʻoilo.

Ke koho ʻana i kahi kumukūʻai no ka rose

Pono nā kumu o nā rō i: ka hau kū kū; ke kū'ē nei i nā maʻi maʻi, pōpilikia; kūʻaʻa; lāʻau kāohi; ke ola maikaʻi, hoʻopulapula, komo i ka hohonu o ka ʻōnaehana lepo; lōʻihi, lōʻihi ke aʻa ʻāʻī; ka pale ʻana i ka maloʻo a me ka umauma nui; ulu maikaʻi me nā mea liʻiliʻi e pono ai no ka lepo a me nā manina; ke hoʻoneʻe nei, ʻaʻohe pono o lākou a me nā kumu lāʻau.

Loaʻa i kēlā me kēia ʻano rosehip nā waiwai kūikawā nona wale nō a koi ʻia i kekahi mau kūlana no ka ulu ʻana. ʻO nā ʻano like ʻole o ka rosa, e ulu ana ma lalo o nā ʻano like, akā ke kāohi ʻia ma nā ʻano ʻano like me nā rose rose, e ʻano like: e ulu ana a ulu maikaʻi, hoʻopiʻi ʻia kekahi, e ʻeha ʻia e nā maʻi, nā pua ma luna o lākou. Ke kūpono nei i ka ulu kūwaho i ke kūpaʻa e pili ana i kēia ʻano ʻala ma kahi hoʻohālike.

ʻO ke aʻa o ke kumu o nā rosa. © Kenneth S Williams

ʻO ka hana kūpono, kūpaʻa a kūpaʻa i ka mea i hoʻopili ʻia e hilinaʻi nui ʻia ana e pili ana i ka hoʻohālikelike o ka ʻoihana me ka moʻo. Ua kapa ʻia ka hoʻohālikelike ʻo ka hiki ke ʻoi a me ka scion i ka ulu ikaika a ulu hou i ulu a me ka ulu ʻana. ʻO nā hōʻike like ʻole o ka hoʻopaʻa ʻia ʻana o nā mea i hoʻopili ʻia, a make a hiki i ka make. Hoʻoikaika ka kahe like o ka wai a me ka scion me ka hoʻomohala hou ʻana i ka lāʻau āpau, ʻoi aku ka neʻe ʻana i ka hale ʻōmaʻomaʻo. Me ka hoʻohui kūpono, hoʻohui lākou i kēlā me kēia a me ka hoʻoikaika pū ʻana i ka ulu ulu ʻana.

I nā pale a kūpono ʻole paha, e lilo paha ka ulu o ka scion a i ʻole e ulu maikaʻi ka scion i ka makahiki mua a make koke i ka lua. Ma muli o ka hoʻohono ʻole ʻana o ka ʻoihana a me ka scion, hele mai kahi hanana phloem maikaʻi ʻole. ʻO ke kumu, ua lohi ka neʻe o nā kumuhana palika a me ka wai i nā aʻa, ʻōpala a me nā lau ka lohi. ʻAʻole paʻa kahi papa lau nui a me kahi ʻōnaehana ikaika. Hoʻopilikia ka ʻōnaehana o ka waihona i ka scion ocular.

ʻOiai he kūpaʻa ikaika paʻa loa, e like me Gloria Dei, ʻaʻole i hiki i ka nani kiʻekiʻe inā e kaulia ʻo ia ma kahi kumukūʻai me kahi ʻōwaliwali nāwaliwali. E loaʻa iā ia nā nāwaliwali pōkole a me kahi pua nondescript. Inā kūʻai ʻoe i kahi ʻokiʻala o kahi ʻano hau maʻa, a ma hope o ke kāwili ʻana ʻaʻole ia e ulu, ulu mai. ʻO Pereokulirovat iā ia ma kahi ʻoihana ikaika loa. Hoʻomoʻa ka palu, i ka waiho ʻana i nā aʻa ʻoki ma ka lepo. No laila, hiki ke kiʻi iā Gloria Dei, ka mea i ʻike ʻia e ka branching ikaika, i kuhi ʻia ma ke kumukūʻai maikaʻi, e hoʻoulu ai i kahi ʻōnaehana ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o ka mea kanu ma mua o kahi mea kanu o nā ʻano like ʻole o ka branching is uncharacteristic.

Nui nā ʻano o nā pua rose. Ma Kahiki ʻo North Caucasus wale nō ʻoi aku ka nui o nā mea o 50. Hoʻohana ʻia kekahi o lākou i nā mea ulu kūlohelohe no nā pā, nā kula ʻāina o nā awāwa, nā kahe, nā poʻe ʻē aʻe - e hōʻiliʻili i nā hua momona i nā huaora. Hoʻokahi wale nō mau ʻano o nā rosehips hihiu e hoʻohiki nei e like me ka lāʻau lāʻau. ʻO nā pepa me nā hua hoʻopuni a me nā kumua opaque ma ke koʻo, ʻo ia ka mea maikaʻi loa. He palupalu ko lākou ʻano, aia ka hala ma mua o nā mea'ē aʻe. Ma lalo o ka nui o ke ola ʻana o nā pua i loko o ia mau ʻano, e wāwahi ana nā maka a ulu mālie.

ʻO ka hoʻonui ʻana i kahi moʻo o ka rose ma luna o kahi pahu rosehip. © Angelina lāua ʻo Mike Chute

ʻO ka hoʻonui ʻana i kahi moʻo o ka rose ma luna o kahi pahu rosehip.

Hiki pinepine iā ʻoe ke lohe e pili ana i nā pua olakino ʻia. ʻO ke kumu o ka hoʻokaumaha, ʻo ia ka hoʻohana ʻana o ka heterogeneous, unproven, ʻaʻole i hoʻāʻo ʻia, random ʻole a ʻole con-conforming grafts.

Ma ke ʻano he kānāwai, ua hōʻiliʻili ʻia nā kuʻuna ma ka ululāʻau, ma nā kihi o ka nahele, i ka mahina, i nā auwaha, me nā kahe, ma nā kuahiwi. E nalo koke ka rosehip hihi i nā wahi o ka hōʻiliʻili nui. Ke ulu nei ka hōʻiliʻili ʻana i nā huaʻai a ʻo ka piʻi ʻana o ka pono no lākou i kēlā me kēia makahiki.

Eia nō naʻe, ma ko kākou ʻāina he liʻiliʻi, mākaʻikaʻi ʻia a ʻae ʻia i nā kumu lāʻau o nā pua, a i ʻole nā mea ola ʻē aʻe e hoʻohana wale ʻia i loko o nā mahiʻai pilikino. ʻO ka hapanui o nā mea kanu e ulu ana i nā hua o nā hua i ʻoki ʻia i ka lālani mai nā puʻu olelua. Ma hope o kēia, he paʻakikī ke kali i nā huahana maikaʻi. He kūpono kēlā e ʻōlelo i kahi ʻōlelo kuahiwi kaulana: "Mai manaʻo ʻoe i kahi ʻohana maikaʻi mai kahi hua ʻino." Ke hele lohi nei hoʻi nā hōʻike hōʻike ʻike.

Ua kū ʻo ʻīlio ke kumukūʻai maikaʻi loa no nā rosa

Ma ke ao holoʻokoʻa, he ʻīlio he ʻīlio (Rosa canina) i manaʻo ʻia ʻo ke kūkaʻi maikaʻi loa no ka rosa. I ko mākou ʻāina, ua pālahalaha kēia ʻano a hōʻike ʻia e nā ʻano like he nui o ka ulu ulu ʻana a me ka kūleʻa i nā zona claratic like ʻole. Manaʻo nā pua pua ʻo V.N.Bylov a me N.L. Mikhailov ua ʻoi ka maikaʻi o nā ʻīlio ma ke ʻano he kūlike nō ka hoʻohālikelike ʻana me nā ʻano ʻē aʻe he kūlike ia i ka maʻi o nā pōpoki a me nā maʻi, ʻo ka paʻakikī wākela maikaʻi, kahi ikaika, akā i ka manawa like me ka liʻiliʻi o ke aʻa a me ka maikaʻi, kūleʻa pākuʻi ʻia me ka aneane āpau o nā maʻa a me ka mālama ʻana i ka nui o ka pua a me ka lōʻihi. Ke ulu nei nā mea kuʻi Kelemania Eric Noack lāua ʻo V.A. von Heting inoa 13 mau kumu āpau i nā mea āpau o nā ʻano lehelehe o nā ʻano like ʻole. I waena o lākou, hāʻawi ʻia ka makemake i nā ʻano ennobled koho ʻia mai nā leʻe ʻīlio.

I nā hale kāʻei, aia nā kumukūʻai i nā kūlana like ʻole ma ke kahua ākea. I kēia hihia, pono ia e loaʻa i ka maluhia o ka hoʻoilo a ma kēlā me kēia manawa o ka makahiki e hāʻawi i kahi lako hale kālaiʻu maikaʻi loa: me kahi pālahalaha kiʻekiʻe, nā pua huluhulu ʻano ʻulaʻula, i pale i ka ʻokiʻoki ʻana, ka lau o nā lau.

ʻO I.V. Ua hōʻike ʻo Michurin e pono e hana i nā mea āpau e ʻimi pono i ka mea kanu i nā mea kanu, me ka hoʻāʻo ʻana e hoʻohana i nā ʻike o nā mea noiʻi ma ka lima hoʻokahi, a me ka hoʻonui ʻana i kēia ʻike ma nā haʻawina ʻepekema o nā kuahiwi, nā alahele, nā kihi, nā wahi o ko mākou wahi ākea, ka mauna Caucasus kūikawā a me ka nui. ʻO nā ʻāpana o East East o ka ʻāina, ka lurking i nā mea kanu nui i hoʻohana ʻole ʻia. ʻO kaʻoiaʻiʻo, ʻo nā hua māla kūpono no ka rō a ulu ma nā kuahiwi o Caucasus. Pono kā mākou e hoʻokaumaha i kēia mau waiwai a ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi. A hiki i ka ʻōlelo hoʻopukapuka ʻana, ʻaʻole hiki ke ulu mai nā mākeke maikaʻi.

Manaʻo nui kekahi mau loea e pono ke koho ʻia nā hua rosehip hybrid e nā ʻepekema noiʻi, nā hoʻokolohua hoʻokūkū, a me nā loiloi aupuni. Pono nō naʻe ia, akā ʻike ʻia ka stagnation ma ka keʻe ʻana o kēia ma ke ʻano.

ʻO ke koho ma kekahi o nā manawa i hoʻoholo ʻia ma ka hana o ka mea lapaʻau. Mālama ia i ka pilikia o nā hua maʻamau a lawelawe ma ke ʻano he ʻāpana o ke ana i ka hoʻoponopono ʻana i ka pilikia o ka hoʻonui ʻana i ka hua o nā maʻa. Hoʻokumu ka koho i ka hōʻike ʻana i nā hiʻohiʻona o ka ulu a me ka hoʻomohala ʻana o ka rosa a me kā lākou kūlike i kahi ʻano o nā kūlana o waho, e pili ana i ka ʻenehana ʻoihana mahiai. Hoʻokumu ʻia ka puʻu ʻo nā kumu lāʻau ma luna e pili ana i ke koho koho o nā pua rosehip hybrid. Ke koho ʻia nei nā koho kūlohelohe kūlohelohe.

I loko o Caucasus, ʻaʻohe pono o kekahi e hāʻawi i nā poʻe kālaiʻike e hāʻawi i nā ʻano rosehip e kūpono i ka kālai ʻia i nā māka maikaʻi ma luna. No laila, i nā makahiki, ua noiʻi au i kekahi helu o nā ʻīlio ʻoki ma nā ʻōpio o Kaukau, e ulu ana ma ʻaneʻi me nā pūʻulu, nā mea kanu āpau ma luna o nā ʻāpana he he nui.

Ma muli o kēia, ua koho ʻia ke ʻīlio C a koho ʻia i hana maikaʻi ʻia, ka mea i hōʻike maikaʻi iā ia iho ma ka hamama a ma ka ʻāina palekana.

ʻO ke kiʻekiʻe o ka ʻīlio ʻana a ka ʻīlio he 3-4 m, ʻoiai kona mau lālā, pololei loa, hoʻomau, e kahe aku ana mai ke kumu kumu, uhi ʻia i ka ʻili ʻōhiu. He nui ʻole nā lāhewa i ka nui, pololei, ma ke kumu pālahalaha, ʻaʻole lākou e hoʻopili me ka huaʻō;

ʻO nā lau ma nā ʻaoʻao ʻelua he haʻalulu, elliptical, a me kahi kiko kuhikuhi a me kahi kumu a puni, 2,5 cm loa, he 1-2 cm ka laulā, he ākea i kālai ʻia ma ka ʻaoʻao. ʻO nā pua me ka ʻāpana o 4-5 cm, ua hōʻiliʻili ʻia ma ka corymbose inflorescences o ʻekolu a ʻelima hoʻi, ʻokoʻa pinepine - hoʻokahi. ʻO nā kāmaʻa e kūleʻa a maʻemaʻe, kūpono i ka lōʻihi i ka hua lahilahi a ʻoi aku paha ka lōʻihi. Kūpono ka 20-25 mm ka lōʻihi ma hope o ka pua ʻana a weli i lalo i ka hua, ma ka hoʻomaka ʻana o ka hua e pau i ka lau. ʻAkuhi nā pua. Nā ʻāpana 25 mm o ka lōʻihi, elongated-pulupulu i ke ʻano, e ʻula pono ana i ka ʻulaʻula me nā paia ʻiʻo. E hōʻiliʻili i nā huaʻai mai ka ulu a hiki i 15 kg. Hoʻopili ka ʻōnaehana aʻa, hohonu hohonu i ka lepo, branched. Kūle ka mea kanu i ka hau, ka wela a me nā kūlana ʻino ʻē aʻe, nā maʻi a me nā pōpoki. Loaʻa kona mau waiwai a me ka huahana i ka 15 mau makahiki.

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