I loko o nā māla, ke kāʻei ʻia ka radish i nā wahi kūpono. Mahalo nui nā mea kanu ʻōpala lobakū no ka ʻike kiʻekiʻe o ka ʻokoʻa (ʻokoʻa) ka aila pono, nā paʻakai mineral, nā huaora C a me nā meaola ʻē aʻe. He ʻelua mau a me ka maloʻo nui e like me ka lobish, he nui a hoʻōki a me nā protein.
Hoʻopilikia ka lūlū i ka metabolism, he hopena diuretic a me ka choleretic hopena, hoʻolaha i ka hoʻokuʻu i nā wai o ka digestive. ^ E Ha yM. ʻO ka lobish he mea hoʻokaumaha maikaʻi māmā no kahi anuanu liʻiliʻi. E hoʻohana i ka lobish ʻōpala i hui pū ʻia me ka meli, a ʻai ʻia paha, a i ʻole kona ʻano wai.
© Mbdortmund
Kāihi (lat.Ráphanus) - kekahi hua liʻiliʻi o nā mea kanu hoʻokahi a me nā mea kanu o ka ʻohana Brassicaceae.
Ua ulu nui ia ma Europa a me ka uluʻoluʻolu o Asia.
Nā mea kanu me nā lāʻau maʻalahi a paʻa ʻole paha. I ka hoʻoulu ʻia a me kekahi mau holoholona hihiu, e kūlike ana nā aʻa, ʻai. ʻO nā lau ka lyre-pinnate a peʻa paha. Kū pololei, hoʻokaʻawale, hoʻokaʻawale. Hoʻopau nui ka petals, long marigold, ʻeleʻele, keʻokeʻo a ʻulaʻula-violet. ʻOvary ma kahi pālaʻi pōkole loa; ʻaʻole maopopo; stigma capitate, liʻiliʻi, nawaliwali maloʻo.
Nā huaʻai - nā peʻe cylindrical e pau me ka ihu lōʻihi a ke uʻe nei i mau ʻāpana. Ina he ʻelua māhele ka pod, a laila ma lalo o ka lalo a i ʻole ka embryonic, liʻiliʻi i nā 1-2 hua, a ʻo ka mea i luna me nā hua he nui. ʻO nā wana he ovoid-spherical, ke kumu o ka ʻōpiopio e waiho ana i ka ʻōpū ma waena o nā cotyledons.
He loiloi maikaʻi ʻo Radish a me kahi ʻala koa. ^ E Ha yM. Paipai ʻia ka ʻōpala pīpī i ka momona a hoʻomaikaʻi i ka hoʻowalewale ʻana, no laila, hiki ke hoʻohana ia i ka raw e like me ke paʻakikī i ka hoʻohelena ʻana i nā kīʻaha.
Hoʻohana lākou i ka kālai ʻia a ʻāwīwī ʻia i loko o nā kālani manuahi, hiki ke kau ʻia i ka lemon a me ka aila ʻaila. Hoʻomanaʻo lākou iā ia me nā ʻalemona a me nā pia. Hiki ke hoʻopaʻa ʻia ka lobish i ka aila a lawelawe ʻia ʻo ia ma ke ʻano he ʻaoʻao hana. Hiki ke hoʻohana i nā pastes a me nā māla. Ma kahi liʻiliʻi, hoʻopili ʻia ka radish i nā kāwili i hui ʻia me ka vīnega. Hoʻohana ʻia nā lau ʻōpio pīpī no nā salads..
ʻO Radish kahi mea kanu ololi-pollinated. I ka makahiki mua, hana ia i nā hua aʻa o nā ʻano like ʻole, nā ʻāpana a me nā nui. He lāʻau anu a maloʻo hoʻi ʻo Radish. Hoʻomaka kāna mau hua kanu i ka pā ʻana o 4 ° C, nā hua a me nā mea pākeke i ʻae i nā frosts i -5 ° C.
Aia ma muli o nā ʻano like, ʻano hua ʻano nui loa o kahi ʻano spherical a elongated paha a me nā ʻano waihoʻoluʻu (ʻeleʻele, keʻokeʻo, ʻulaʻula) i hoʻokumu ʻia. I nā ʻanoʻai a pau, ua keʻokeʻo ka pulamu aʻa.
© Chris 73
Ke koho ʻana i kahi a me ka lepo no ka lobish
Ulu maikaʻi ka uluʻana i nā loamona momona, humus momona nā momona. ^ E Ha yM. ʻOi aku ka nui o nā hua aʻa o ke kāwele i nā pahu, no laila ua ʻeli ʻia ka lepo ma lalo o ka mea ihi i ka wai i loko o ka pūnāwai a i ke kauwela a i ka hohonu holoʻokoʻa o ka layer o humus (30-35 cm). Ma lalo o ka pala, hoʻohui ʻia nā mea kanu ma kēlā me kēia 1 sq.m: 10-15 g o ka urea, 30-40 g o ka superphosphate, 15-20 g o ka kalepona pākela. Mai ka ʻōpū, ma lalo o ka rarihi, a hiki i ka 10 kg o humus no 1 sq.m.
ʻO nā mea kanu āpau koe wale nō nā mea kanu pipi (turnip, radish, rutabaga, kāpeti o nā ʻano like ʻole) hiki ke lilo i mua o nā kahelehe.
ʻO nā lā a me ka lūlū i ka papa o ka polisa
Mālama i ka ʻano lahilahi, lūlū ʻia ka radish i ʻelua manawa. ^ E Ha yM. E kiʻi i nā hua kanu i ka manawa o ke kauwela-gugur, lūlū ʻia nā huaʻaina mai ʻApelila 25. No ka mālama ʻana i ka hoʻoilo - mai Iune 20 a Iulai 10, ʻoiai ka lūlū mua ʻana o nā ʻano o ka hoʻoilo o ka lobish e alakaʻi i ka eʻae o nā inflorescences i ka makahiki mua o ke ola a me ka ʻāʻī ʻana i nā hua kanu.
Hana ʻia nā pua me ka hohonu o 1.5-2 cm ma kahi moena o ka mamao o 30-35 cm. Ua lulu ʻia nā hua i nā pua me nā nu o 3 mau ʻāpana. ʻO ka mamao ma waena o nā nīnū he 15 cm. Inā ʻaʻole maloʻo ka lepo, a laila ma hope o ka lūlū ʻana, pono ʻia e kanu ʻia. Ma hope aku, 5-6 mau lā ma hope o ka puka ʻana mai, ua waiho ʻia kahi mea kanu olakino ma kēlā me kēia mehele o ʻekolu mau mea kanu.
© Rasbak
Polohana Kahuaʻi
Mālama ka mālama maikaʻi i ka hoʻōla ʻana me ka hoʻokaʻawale ʻana, nā wā make, nā aniani, ka puʻu ʻana a me ka wehe ʻana o nā lālani. ^ E Ha yM. E hoʻoheheʻe ʻia ka lobish i hoʻokahi hebedoma i 10-12 lita no 1 sq.m.
Hoʻomoe ʻia ka ʻāpana ʻili mua me ka hoʻokumu ʻana o hoʻokahi a i ʻelua mau lau, ka lua - ma hope o 20-30 mau lā. ʻO ka mamao ma waena o nā mea kanu i nā lālani: no ke kakahiaka - 6-8 cm, no ka lā hope - 12-15 cm.
Hoʻohana lākou i ka lobish me nā minuke mineral. ʻAʻole pono e hoʻohana nā mea ola, ʻoiai lākou e hoʻemi i ka mālama pono a me ka maikaʻi o nā hua kanu. Hoʻohui ʻia nā mea kanu wai ma ke ʻano o kahi hopena a maloʻo paha (ma muli o ka mākaukau o ka lepo).
Hoʻolaha i kahi lole a ʻelua paha: ka mea mua, i ka nui o nā lau a i ʻehā paha nā lau, ʻo ka 20-30 mau lā ma hope o ka wā mua, i ka wā e hoʻomaka ai ka hua aʻa. 20 g o ka urea, 60 g o ka superphosphate, 15 g pākōpeka pālea i hoʻopau ʻia i hoʻokahi wai o ka wai. Ma kahi lālani 10-15 m, hoʻohana kahi ʻāpana o ka hoʻonā. I kahi ʻano maloʻo, 5-10 g o ka urea, 20-15 g o ka superphosphate, 5-10 g o ka paʻakai pākeke kā hoʻohui ʻia i kēlā me kēia 1 sq. M
ʻOki ʻihi
ʻŌpio mua, hiki i kahi anawaena o 3-4 cm, ke ʻoki ʻia i ke kauwela, koho, i ʻekolu a ʻehā mau huaʻōlelo, a me nā ʻōmele he lōʻihi (no ka mālama hoʻoilo) - ma mua o ka hoʻomaka ʻana o ka hau (i ka hapalua lua o Kepakemapa). I ka hōʻiliʻili ʻana, e haʻalulu ka honua i nā aʻa, kahi e hoʻokaʻawale ʻia nā aʻa liʻiliʻi, a laila ua ʻoki ʻia nā poʻo me ke kuʻi ma ke poʻo o ka hua aʻa, me ka ʻono ʻole e hoʻopā i nā hua aʻa.
Hoʻokomo ʻia ka lobish ʻōpiopio i nā kūlana o nā lumi no 6-7 mau lā, i loko o kahi pahu hau home a hiki i 20 mau lā. ^ E Ha yM. No ka hana ʻana i kēia, pono e kau i loko o nā ʻeke pepa me nā ʻelua a ʻekolu paha.
No ka mālama lōʻihi, waiho ʻia nā hua kanu i loko o nā pahu, nā mea lawe a i ʻole nā pepa pepa, e ninini ana i kahi papa liʻiliʻi o ke one (2-4 cm). Hiki ke mālama i nā huaʻai i loko o ka hale hale ma loko o ke one kahe. E mālama i ke ana 2-3 ° C.
© Goldlocki
Nā Manuia
I loko o ka zina non-chernozem, ʻelua mau māla huakaʻi mua i manaʻo ʻia no ka hoʻohana ʻana i ke kauwela a me ka waena o ka ʻūhū ʻana a i ka wā lohi i nā ʻano lohi no ka hoʻoilo, hoʻoilo, a me ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka puna. ʻO nā ʻano leʻa kauwela, nā ʻano laulā maʻamau Delicacy, Odessa 5 a me Mei.
ʻO Odessa ʻo 5 - i ke kakahiaka nui, mai ka hiki mai i ka wā e hiki ai i ka 30-40 mau lā i hala. Keʻokeʻo nā mea kanu lāʻau, hoʻopuni, ʻano ma ka ʻaoʻao, ʻāʻī ka ʻiʻo, ʻona a liʻiliʻi. Hoʻokaʻawale ʻia ka hua ʻili mai ka ʻāina. Ua kiʻekiʻe ka momona. Maluhia ke kū ʻana, pane maikaʻi i ka wai. Kakau no ka ʻai kauwela.
Maikaʻi ʻano ʻaina ua ulu nui ana o nā lā 40-60. Ke keʻokeʻo wale nō nā huaʻai, keʻokeʻo ka pulī, papala, kīkī, pungent.
Mei - ʻōpio mua. Ua kūpono nā mea kanu lāʻau i ka meaʻai 50-60 mau lā ma hope o ka lūlū ʻana. ʻO ke aʻa ʻāpala ke keʻokeʻo ma ke kala, ʻōwili ma ke ʻano. Līpī ka huila, ʻōleʻa, ʻono ʻōpala ʻoi. ʻAʻole kūpono no kahi mālama.
No ka mālama kau ʻana, ʻo nā hua maikaʻi maikaʻi loa ʻO ka hoʻoilo ka pō ʻeleʻele, hoʻoilo ke keʻokeʻo, Keʻokeʻo Grey.
ʻO ka hoʻoilo ma ke keʻena mea kanu pua no 70-98 lā. Ke keʻokeʻo wale nā mea kanu, puni, lehelehe ka papa. He keʻokeʻo ka pulula, he mākele, palapa, aono, wai momona. Ua hoʻopiha maikaʻi loa ʻia ke aʻa ʻona ma ka lepo, ua huki koke ʻia. Ua kiʻekiʻe ka momona. Ke kiʻekiʻe nei ka mālama ʻana - a hiki i ka 96% o nā aʻa aʻa ke kū mau nei.
Keʻele ʻeleʻele lol he aʻa ke kumu o ke kala ʻeleʻele, puni, hoʻopuni ʻia ko lākou papa. Ke keʻokeʻo ka pulupulu, pohala, momona, me kahi meaʻonoʻono. Ua hoʻopiha maikaʻi loa ke aʻa aʻa i ka lepo, akā maʻalahi i huki ʻia. Maikaʻi ka ola o ka pale (85-98%), ʻo ke kau o ka hoʻoilo ma kahi o 200 mau lā a ʻoi aʻe paha, i lalo o ka noho mālama ʻana. ʻO ka ulu uluʻana o 90-110 mau lā.
Nā Poʻomanaʻo Greyonsonskaya loaʻa i kahi manawa ulu o 93 - 108 lā. Ke keʻokeʻo, ʻeleʻele, nā kumulāʻau o nā hua kanu. Ke keʻokeʻo ka pulū, pohala, ʻaʻohe momona, pungent loa. Nui nāʻaina lateral i luna o ka aʻa, ua piha piha i ka lepo, ua huki wale ia.
ʻO ke ola o ka pale i ka wā o kahi mālama 95-98%. Kūleʻa i nā haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa. Hoʻonohonohoʻia no ka hoʻopauʻana i ka hoʻoilo-hoʻoilo a me kahi mālama lōʻihi.
© Goldlocki
ʻO nā maʻi a me nā maʻi o ka lobish
No ka mea nona nā kahe ʻōpala i ka ʻohana o nā mahi kanu kanu (kāpeti), pōpilikia nā maʻi a me nā maʻi i loaʻa i loko o kēia ʻohana. ʻO nā hana e kūʻē ai iā lākou ua like.
Keokeo keʻokeʻo
Maʻi maʻi. E lilo nā ʻili i hoʻopili ʻia, lilo i wai, a uhi ʻia me ka mycelium keʻokeʻo e like me nā kaʻi.
Grey pala
Hele kēia maʻi i ka wā o kahi mālama i ka hua.
Powdery Mildew
Hoʻopilikiaʻia nā lau, nā petiole, liʻiliʻi pinepine - nā kumu lāʻau. Ma ka hāʻule o nā mea i hoʻopili ʻia, hoʻomoʻi mua kahi palaka keʻokeʻo keʻokeʻo, a laila e lilo i ʻulaʻula kukui. Hoʻoulu ʻia ka Plaque ma ka ʻaoʻao o luna o nā lau. Hoʻokomo ʻia nā lau i hoʻopōmaikaʻi ʻia a maloʻo, nā mea kanu ma hope o ka hoʻolālā ʻana.
ʻAoʻi hana: ʻĀina hoʻōla; ka hoʻomaka kuʻikuʻi o nā mea kanu mea kanu cruciferous; ma nā hua kanu, ua mālama ʻia nā mea kanu me nā lāʻau lapaʻau e hoʻoneʻe ana i ka hoʻomohala ʻana o ka puliki pale.
Peronosporosis, a melemele paleke haʻahaʻa
Hoʻoulu ka maʻi ma nā lau: ma ka ʻaoʻao o luna, kūlohelohe nā wahi chlorotic i ka hoʻomaka, a laila huli lākou i ke kukui melemele, ka lahula, aila, a laila huli lākou i nā brown, kahi pakanu hina-hina i ka ʻaoʻao ma lalo ma nā wahi.
ʻ .pelu keʻokeʻo
Hōʻike ʻia ka wāwae ʻeleʻele penei: ʻo ka ʻaoʻao o lalo o ka lau rosette a me ka ʻaoʻao o luna o ke aʻa aʻa e uliuli a palala, a palupalu ke aʻa, pili ka ʻaoʻao i hoʻopuni ʻia me ka mycelium keʻokeʻo. Ma luna o ka ʻoki, ʻeleʻele ke aʻa aʻa.
Kāwili lau
He ʻano kīpī nui ia me nā ʻēheu keʻokeʻo me kahi palena ʻeleʻele. Hōʻuluʻala nā ʻōlaehoe i nā ʻōnaka ʻōmaʻomaʻo me nā ʻeleʻele ʻeleʻele a me nā ʻalani a melemele ma nā ʻaoʻao, i uhi ʻia me nā lauoho.
Hoʻohana mua lākou i nā koloni ma ka ʻaoʻao o nā lau, a laila e pālahalaha i nā mea kanu ʻole ʻia.
Kolo kolohe
Hoʻopilikia lākou i nā mea kanu lobis, e hana ana i nā lua i loko. He like lākou me nā pepeke liʻiliʻi me ka pua metallic, ma ka maʻamau he monochromatic lākou.
Kāmela Kāwili
Kuke ʻia ka māla kolala ma nā kala ʻulaʻula, he mau ʻēheu o 14-18 mm, me nā poli pōʻeleʻele ma nā ʻēheu. Hoʻopilikia ʻia nā huahele i nā hua pōkole - nā kukuna i nāʻili mai nā palū i waiho ʻia e nā ʻūhā.
Lele ke kolu spring
Holo iā 6 mm ka nui, lehu hina hina i kala, me nā ʻāpana ʻekolu i ka ʻaoʻao dorsal o ka umauma. Ke keʻokeʻo nei ke keʻokeʻo, ʻaʻohe wāwae, hoʻopaʻa ʻia ma ka ʻaoʻao mua, ma kahi o 8 mm mau loa. ʻO nā ʻōlima e hānai nei i nā ʻāpana peripheral a me nā ʻāpana o ke aʻa kumu nui he ino. ʻO nā mea kanu i hoʻopauʻia ka palaka-lilac hue, aia ma hope o ka ulu ʻana, make, make.
© Dromafoobeno
E kali ana no kāu ʻōlelo!
