ʻO ka plum kaʻi, a i ʻole Plum i ʻoki ʻia

He ʻano hua maikaʻi a koʻikoʻi ka Cherry plum, kahi mea hiki ke kūleʻa nui, a ʻo nā hua hou a me nā huahana i loaʻa i ka ʻono maikaʻi. Mahalo i nā hiʻohiʻona i luna nei, ua hoʻonui nui ʻia ka pele cherry i waena o nā māla i kēlā me kēia makahiki.

Ma ka nahele a me ka moʻomeheu, ulu nui ka cherry plum i nā kuahiwi mauna i loko o Tien Shan, nā Balkans, ma Central a me Asia Minor, i Iran, i ka North Caucasus a me Transcaucasia, ma Moldova a ma ka ʻaoʻao hema o Ukraine. Ua kanu ʻia ʻo Cherry plum ma Rūsia (ma ka mokuʻāina ʻo Krasnodar, ma Rostov, Belgorod, Kursk, Voronezh, Bryansk a me nā ʻāina ʻē aʻe), ma Ukraine, i nā mokuʻāina a me ʻEulopa.

Ka Uluwehi O Ke Kai (Prunus cerasifera), aiʻole plum i pālahalaha, a i ʻole Plum cherry, kekahi o nā ʻano mua o ka home plum. Kūkulu huaola mai ka subfamily Plum ʻohana Pink.

He lāʻau hoʻokahi a he pākaʻi paha nā kumulāʻau, mai 3 a 10 m ākea ke kiʻekiʻe, me kahi pūnaehana hoʻokumu maikaʻi ʻia a me kahi aniani ākea-ʻano, he nui iki i ka lei pyramidal. Loaʻa ka ola ola o kahi lāʻau he 30-50 mau makahiki. Kuhi ʻia ka hua kanu ma ka wā ʻōpio a me nā huahana kiʻekiʻe (15-40 kg o ka hua mai kahi lāʻau ma ka makahiki ʻelua a ʻakolu paha ma hope o ke kanu ʻana.

ʻO nā hua o ka plum cherry, a i pālahalaha a plum. © Bogdan

Kūleʻa pālahalaha ovate, ovate, i kekahi manawa lanceolate. Ke keʻokeʻo nā pua, ʻeleʻele pink, pinepine ka pā, me ke anawaena o 20-40 mm, pua mua a me nā lau a i ʻole ma mua. ʻO ka hua ka drupe o ka lau a i ʻole ka elongated, ʻo ke kaupaona ʻana mai ka 6 g i nā puka hihiu i 60 g i kekahi mau mea kanu. ʻOkoʻa ke kala o ka ʻili o ke kuʻi - mai ke aniani ʻulaʻula a i poni. He ʻōmaʻomaʻo ka pulpula, ʻōmaʻomaʻo a ʻulaʻula paha, nona ka gula 4-14%, 2-4% waikawa organik, pectins, flavanoids, anthocyanins, mau huaora A, C, B1, B2, E, P, PP. Aia nā hua i ka potassium, calcium, magnesium, phosphorus, sodium, iron, manganese, cobalt a me nā minelala.

ʻO nā hua maloʻo maikaʻi loa, ʻahuʻomo, ʻeli, nā wai, nā ʻawaʻala oona, ua hoʻomākaukau ʻia nā syrups mai nā hua. Hoʻokomo 'ia a elongated paha ka iwi a' ohi 'a lula paha, a hoʻokaʻawale iki mai ka pulp. Kuhi ka kinona a hiki i 52% o ka aila, ʻaʻohe haʻahaʻa e hiki ai i ka almond. Hiki iā ia ke hoʻohana i ka poni a me nā lāʻau lapaʻau.

ʻO nā hua o ka plu lauleʻa ʻaʻole wale nō a me ka olakino maikaʻi, akā ua maʻi nō naʻe. Hāʻawiʻia ka hopena therapeutic koʻikoʻi e nā vitamina a me nā pectins i loko o lākou. Hoʻohana ʻia ka plum Cherry no ka maʻi gastrointestinal, ʻoi loa no ka puʻuwai ʻeha (i hui pū me kahi papa meaʻai).

Kūʻai

Ma ke kūʻai aku hiki iā ʻoe ke loaʻa i nā aʻa a pua a kālai ʻia. Me ke kumu o ka plū cherry ma ka waena waena, e hoʻohana i nā mea kanu, ʻokiʻoki a i ʻole nā ʻōpala o ka plum home, plum-cherry hybrid (SVG), nā kūlana paʻa o ka plum cherry (13-113, 10-114, etc.).

Kumulāʻau ʻāpala. © Konrad Kurzacz

Kūpī ʻia nā hua kanu me kahi ʻōnaʻo hamama i kanu ʻia i loko o kahi paʻa mau i ka pūnāwai ma mua o ka hoʻomaka ʻana o nā pua pua. Hiki i nā mea kanu me kahi pūnaehana pani paʻa ke kanu ʻia i ka manawa wela. Inā ʻoe e kūʻai aku i nā hua plum cherry, pono ʻoe e lawe i nā mea i ulu i kāu wahi. Inā e noho ʻoe, e ʻōlelo ʻoe, ma ke ala waena, nā ʻokoʻa mai nā wahi hema ʻē aʻe i ʻae ʻole i ka hoʻoilo.

ʻO ka huaʻala Cherry he mea kanu hema, a ʻo ka lā i loaʻa iā ia, ʻoi aku ka kiʻekiʻe a me ke koʻeke i nā hua. No laila ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi e kanu i kahi lāʻau ma ke kūkulu hema a hema hema paha o ka pā. Maikaʻi inā he paia o ka paia o ka hale a i ʻole ke waihona hale e uhi ai mai ka makani hoʻoilo.

Ke koho nei i nā mea kanu no ka māla, e kāhea aku i ka mea kūʻai aku e hiki ke kōkua iā ʻoe e ʻohi i nā hua o ka makahiki i loaʻa kahi ʻōnaehana maikaʻi a ʻaʻole hōʻailona o nā maʻi.

No nā lau cherry, moist, well-drained, momona loams ʻoi aku ka makemake. ʻO ka hapa nui o ka ʻōnaehana plum ma ka hohonu o 20-40 cm, no laila hiki i ka lāʻau ke waiho i kahi wai lepo kokoke, e kū ana ma kahi hohonu o 1,5 m a i ʻole 1 m, akā ʻaʻole kokoke i kahi kokoke. Me ka loaʻa ʻana o ka wai hohonu, ua ʻōlelo ʻia ke kanu ʻana ma kahi kiʻekiʻe.

Kuhi ʻia nā ʻōlima no ka kanu ʻana i ka plu cherry ma hope o 2 mau mika, me ka nui o ka liʻiliʻi he 60 cm³ a piha me ka hoʻohuihui ʻai honua. Ke koho nei i nā māhele no ka ʻano o ka lepo, e hahai i nā lula kumu. Hoʻohui i ke one a me ka pitikō i ka lepo lepo, a i ka turf i ka lepo one. Pono ka substrate i ka lewa a permeable, pono loa. Fertilize - 300 g o superphosphate a me 30-40 g o ka pālea kaleka ma ka lua paʻawai. Nui ke aloha o Cherry plum i ka lepo kūleʻa, no laila inā loaʻa iā ʻoe ka waikawa, hoʻohui i ka ʻōpala, ka lime a me ka palaoa dolomite. A inā he lepo ka lepo, e hoʻohana i ka gypsum. E makemake ʻo Cherry plum i nā lepo me kahi hopena kūlohelohe o ke kaiapuni. No ka hoʻoholo i ka waikawa o ka lepo, hiki iā ʻoe ke hoʻohana i nā hōʻailona hōʻike i kūʻai ʻia i kēlā me kēia kikowaena māla. He mea maʻalahi loa ka hoʻohana ʻana i ia mau ʻōlelo a hiki iā ʻoe ke hoʻoholo wikiwiki i ka waiwai pH (acidity lepo).

Cherry plum. © AnRo0002

Ma ka lalo o ka lua, e hana i kahi kaili ma kahi o nā aʻa o ka hua huila e kipi ʻawale nei. Pono e hoʻonoho ʻia nā hua kanu ma ke ʻano, ma hope o ke kanu ʻana a me ka hoʻokau ʻana i ka lepo, aia kona ʻōpio ma ka pae o ka lepo. A laila e hoʻopiha i ka lua me ke koena i waiho ʻia, paʻu iki

Ke kanu nei i kahi pli paʻani me kahi pūnaehana paʻa, hoʻomalu maikaʻi i ka ʻōpū o ka honua. Mai poina e pehea e hoʻoheheʻe ai i ka mea kanu ma hope o ke kanuʻana - inā paha ua nui ka ua. Kahu kalapona lapalapa e mālama ai i ka makika.

Ke ulu nei

No ka ulu nui ʻana i ka plum cherry, ke kūkulu hema a i hema hema paha o ka pae kūpono. Hoʻomaʻomaʻo ia e pale mai ka lanakila ʻana i ka hoʻoilo i ka hoʻoilo ma ke ʻano o ka pā o ka hale a i ʻole kekahi hale ʻē aʻe.

No ka mālama maikaʻi aku, e hoʻomaikaʻi ʻia nā lau cherry plum me kahi hōʻiliʻili maikaʻi. Ke lilo ʻole o ia mea kanu i lilo i mea paʻakikī, maʻi a me ka hopena, e lawe mai ana i kahi hua liʻiliʻi o nā hua o ka haʻahaʻa. I nā makahiki mua ma hope o ke kanu ʻana, mālama no ka hapa nui o ka hana ʻana i ka lawaiʻa ʻana, hoʻohāinu ʻia ʻana a me ka hoʻomaloʻo pest pest.

I nā makahiki ʻē aʻe, ua pane ikaika nā mea kanu i ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā hua ʻai a pane me ka ulu maikaʻi a hoʻonui i nā hua. I ka wā ulu, e hānai ʻia nā mea kanu ʻekolu. I ke kakahiaka ma mua - "ma ka hau", i ka wā o ka ulu o nā ovaries (Iune) a i ka wā o ka waiho ʻana i nā pua no ka makahiki e hiki mai ana (Iulai). I ka hihia o kahi hoʻonui ikaika i nā kāwili makahiki, hoʻohana ʻia ke kauwela kauwela. I Iune - ka mahina mua o Iulai, e ulu ikaika ana ka wana.

ʻŌpala pēpē Cherry huaʻai. © Kahiʻenehana

Nā Manuia

ʻO ka hapa nui o nā lau cherry he infertile ia. I nā huaʻōlelo a pau, no ka pollination maʻamau a hōʻiliʻili, maʻa mau ʻelua ʻano like. ʻAʻole kūpono nā kāwala a me ke kakalaioa no ka koho ʻana.

ʻŌpala 'Ruby. ʻO ka paʻakikī paʻakikī ka hoʻoilo. ʻEleʻele nā hua. ʻO ka puluku he ʻōmaʻomaʻo, he ʻono, ʻono.
'Granite' - manawa hoʻomaka ka hopena. ʻOi aku ka paʻakikī o ka hoʻoilo ma luna o ka lōʻihi. Nā huaʻaʻala me kahi pani pale, ʻōmaʻomaʻo ka ʻiʻo, ʻona.
'Loaʻa' - wā hoʻomaka. ʻOi aku ka paʻakikī o ka hoʻoilo ma luna o ka lōʻihi. He burgundy nā hua, he melemele ka ʻiʻo, ʻaʻohe ʻoniʻala ka wai, ʻono ke ʻano a momona a ʻono.
'Marquee' - wīwī pinepine. ʻOi aku ka paʻakikī o ka hoʻoilo ma luna o ka lōʻihi. Hoʻopuni ʻia nā huaʻai, ʻōmaʻomapa-ʻōmaʻomaʻo me kahi pua ʻulaʻula;
'Huck' - ke'ōkuhi me ke keena. ʻO ka ʻōpū paʻakikī ka hoʻoilo. He ʻulaʻula nā huaʻai, me kahi puʻupuʻu. He melemele, ka pīkī.

Mokuahi

Hiki ke kanu ʻia ka Cherry plum mai nā hua, akā ke pālahalaha ʻia e nā ʻokiʻoki. Aʻo kahi ala maikaʻi loa ka hoʻomaʻamaʻa. Hana ʻia ia i ka pūnāwai e kahi kihi kahi i pua ʻole ai ka pua.

Hāʻawi ʻia kahi hopena maikaʻi loa ma o ka hoʻopalike ʻana i ka ʻoki palau palia ma ka lei o nā plums. I kēia hihia, loaʻa koke ʻoe i kahi ʻoi aku. ʻO ka mua, hiki ke hoʻopaʻa ʻia i nā ʻano ʻano palu cherry i hoʻokahi lāʻau i hoʻokahi manawa. He maikaʻi kēia no ka hoʻomaʻemaʻe a e mālama i ka lewa. ʻAʻohe pono e ʻimi e ʻike i nā kahua ʻāina ʻelua ma ka pūnaewele. Ma ke kanu ʻana i kahi lālā o ka plu laupa i ka lei o ka pua i ka pūnāwai, hiki iā ʻoe ke loaʻa nā hua mua i ka makahiki e hiki mai ana. ʻO kēia ka plumage cherry mua. ʻO ka lua, he hopena maikaʻiʻole ka manaʻo: ma ka lālā hoʻokahi - hua melemele, ma kekahi - maroon, ma ke kolu - ʻulaʻula. ʻO ke kolu, ke ulu nei ka plum plum i ka plum (ka plum e hana ana he skeletogen) ke hoʻohala nei no ka hoʻonui ʻana i ka paʻakikī o ka hoʻoilo o ka mea kanu.

ʻOi aku ka lole

Nui ka puna i ka plum cherry.

E hānai iā ia i ʻekolu mau manawa o ka makahiki (i ka mahina mua, i Iune - i ka wā o ka ulu o nā ovaries a ma Iulai), e lawe mai ʻo ia i kahi hōʻiliʻili maikaʻi.

I ka pūnāwai, e hoʻohui i ka minamina mineral kolamu a me ka ammonium sulfate, a inā he momona ka ʻāina - lime-ammonium nitrate (30 g no 1 m²). Ma lalo o nā kumulāʻau ʻōpiopio, e ninini i kahi papa o ka manure manu ʻole a i ʻole ka pohō i ka 2.5-5 cm ka mānoanoa, akā no ka hoʻomaʻemaʻe ʻia ka ʻala.

I ke kauwela, e hānai i ka plum me nā fertilizers fosfor-potassium.