Cherry - nā mea āpau e pili ana i ka moʻomeheu: wehewehe, nā ʻano, kanu

Wahi a nā kānaka: ʻo ka cherry kahi lāʻau lapaʻau home. Inā ulu ka buckthorn moana, cornel, ierga a me ka cherry i loko o ka māla, nā koena hua i koe, a me kā lākou mau ʻano pono āpau, he mea hoʻohui wale nō i nā lāʻau lapaʻau o kēia mau mea kanu.

ʻO kēia moʻomeheu i hiki mai iā mākou mai kahi mamao aku. Ua lilo ʻo Cherry i mea maʻamau i ka ola o ka poʻe mahiʻai o ka paʻakikī he mea hikiʻole ke noʻonoʻo i kahi māla liʻiliʻi loa i ʻole nā lau cherina ma lalo o ka puka aniani a i ʻole ka hale hale, kahi hale kauwela liʻiliʻi.

Kaona ʻona, a i ʻole ka cherry maʻamau (Prunus cerasus). © julia_HalleFotoFan

ʻO nā mea e loaʻa ai nā mea kanu momona a me nā lāʻau lapaʻau o nā cherries

Ma ka ʻike o nā mea e pono ai, loaʻa ka cherry i nā wahi mua i ka papa inoa o nā lāʻau lapaʻau i hoʻohana ʻia i ka hana hou.

Loaʻa nā pono waiwai o nā cherries ma muli o ka nui o nā meaʻai.

ʻO nā huaora E, C, PP, ka laulā o ka huaora B, me ka B9 (acid folic), carotene.
ʻO ka Fructose a me ka glucose, pectins, Coumarin, anthocyanides a me nā mea mea'ē aʻe.
Hāpala o ke keleawe, kalima, kalima, magnesium, sodium, phosphorus, iodine, hao, zinc, manganese, fluorine, chromium, molybdenum, boron, vanadium, cobalt, palela, rubidium, etc.
Nui nā hua i nā momona organik: citric, malic, succinic, salicylic.

ʻAʻole wale ka hua o Cherry i ka nui o nā huaora, nā mea a me nā mea ola maikaʻi. Hāʻawi lākou i kā ka hui ʻana a me ka mālama ʻana i ka anemia (hao, keleawe, cobalt), arthrosis, a me nā maʻi maʻi. Hoʻohui i ka waikawa Folic me ka magnesium, cobalt a me ka hao i nā kīʻaha koko, a e kōkua ana ka Coumarin i ka hoʻēmi ʻana i ka ʻaila koko. Hoʻomaʻemaʻe nā pectins i ke kino o nā toxins nitrous. Hoʻokomo ʻia nā Bactericides i loko o ka pulima cherryensable no nā maʻi maʻi bacterial. ʻO ka waikawa Ellagic i loaʻa i loko o ka wai cherry e hoʻopaʻa i ka hoʻomohala ʻana o nā wahi kanesa. ʻO Amygdalin i loko o ka drupes cherry e hōʻemi i ka pinepine o ka hōʻeha ʻana o ka puʻuwai, kōkua i ka mālama ʻana i nā maʻi ʻeha. Kūleʻa ʻo Cherry i kekahi mau maʻi o ka ʻōnaehana. I ka lāʻau lapaʻau o nā kānaka, hoʻohana nui ʻia ka decoctions i ka waiū no ka arthrosis, huehue infectious. Nā mea ho'ōla ikaika o nā cherries folk lapaʻau i hoʻohana ʻia ma ka anticonvulsant a no ka epilepsy.

Mai helu i nā waiwai pono āpau o nā cherries. Akā, ma waho o nā mea pono meaʻai a me nā lāʻau lapaʻau, ʻo nā cherries he mea nani loa i ka makahiki āpau. Nani nō ia i ka wā o ka pua, nā lālā o nā hua kukui, i waiho ʻia e like me ka hoʻoliʻiliʻi ʻana i ka lāʻau Kalikimaka i ka wā o ka hua ʻana, nā lālā ʻōpala i ka wā hoʻoilo i uhi ʻia me ka hen e waiho ʻana i ka palupalu.

Nā hiʻohiʻona biological a me nā ʻanoʻokoʻa o nā cherries

I mea e kanu ai ka hua waina a i ʻole nā mea kanu pono ʻole e hoʻohua ai i kēlā me kēia makahiki, ʻoiai e waiho ana i ka hoʻoliʻiliʻi, pono ia e ʻike i kāna ʻano koi, e hoʻonohonoho pono i ka mālama kūpono, a me nā ʻano zofoni e hōʻoia ai i nā huaʻai me nā mea ʻole e hopohopo.

Ka lāʻau ʻona. © Kevin

Pūnaehana Pūnaewele Cherry

ʻO ke aʻa o ka hua cheri he pivotal. Hoʻokumu i ka aʻa a kūleʻe a me nā kuʻekuʻe, a mai nā mea liʻiliʻi aku. ʻO ka ʻōnaehana kumu o ka lepo ma mua o ka lōʻihi o ke kiʻekiʻe o ka lei kiʻekiʻe e 1.5 mau manawa. ʻO kahi mea nui e pono ai e noʻonoʻo ʻia i ka wā e kanu ana i nā hua lāʻau i ka wā paʻa mau. E hoʻonui ana ke aʻa kikowaena mai ka aʻa kumu ākea i ka papa ʻāina o 10-30 cm a ua ʻike ʻia a puni ka ʻaoʻao kumu nui. No laila, kokoke i ka ʻōpala, ʻoi aku ka hohonu o ka mahiʻai. Kūkulu ʻia kekahi mau hua kanu mai ka pua adnexal ma nā kūwaho i kahi papa i ka cm o 15-20 cm. No ka hoʻopau ʻana i ka heʻe nui, pono ia e luku iā ia me ka eli pū me nā aʻa. E hoʻonui ka mea kanu i luna o ka nui o nā pua o nā pua. Hoʻopuka nā aʻa kikowaena i kahi hohonu o 1.5-2.5 m a ʻaʻole e ʻae i ka pohō ʻana o ka waikahe wai. I ka ʻoihana o nā aʻa fou, ua hoʻokumu ʻia nā aʻa fibrous, e hana ana i kahi hana suction. Aia ka mahele nui o nā aihue laupili ma ka ʻōwili 40 cm, pono e noʻonoʻo ai i ka wā e hoʻoulu ai i ka lepo ma lalo o ka ceri.

Ka Kūlana Kūhelu Kūlana

Hiki i ka ʻāpana aerial ke ʻano me ka lāʻau hoʻokahi me kahi ʻāpana waena a i ʻole kahi mea ulu paha me nā pua perennial lignified (mau kihi a kekahi mau kauoha). ʻO nā puka Woody kiʻekiʻe loa (2-7 m), e hoʻomaka e hua i nā makahiki no 2-4 mau makahiki. Loaʻa ka ola nohona ma nā kūkulu hema mai 15-30 mau makahiki, ma waena a ma waena o nā ʻāpana o ka Non-Black Earth Region o Lūkini he liʻiliʻi iki a me ka wā - 12-15 mau makahiki.

ʻO nā kumulāʻau e like me ka hua lāʻau, nā ʻano hua puna nui loa i loaʻa iā Zhukovskaya, Rastunya, Orlovskaya ma mua, Turgenevka, me nā hua like ʻole. He mea koʻikoʻi kēia e noʻonoʻo i ka wā o ka pruning cherries. I ka ulu o kēia makahiki, ulu nā lāʻau i nā mea kanu wale nō, hoʻoili ʻia ka lei i ka wā lōʻihi.

Hole ka puka lāʻau lāʻau i ka hiki ke hōʻiliʻili i ka hua. ʻO nā hua lāʻau bush ka hua, ma ke ʻano he kānāwai, i ka makahiki hope a me ka ulu ʻana o ka ulu ʻana. Hana pinepine ʻia nā ʻano like ʻArub i dachas mai nā ʻano ʻo Vladimirskaya, ʻo Fertile Michurina, Lyubskaya, Otechestvennaya, Rubinovaya a me nā mea ʻē aʻe, e hoʻohana ana i nā hua lāʻau. ʻAʻole like me nā lāʻau-ʻano, e haku lākou i ka hua mua i mau no 2-3 mau makahiki. He ʻokoʻa lākou i ka hoʻokumu ʻana i nā hua kumu nui he nui.

Nā lāʻau lāʻau Cherry. © Lucy Martin

Nā ʻano hua lau e nā ʻano o ka māla

ʻO nā hale kikowaena no ka hū ʻia o nā cherries e like me ka moʻomeheu no nā kikowaena o Rūsia ua kapa ʻia ʻo Vladimirsky (kahi ʻo Vladimirskaya) a no kāna ʻaoʻao hema i ka moku ʻo Kursk (kahi no Lyubskaya). ʻO kēia mau ʻano ʻelua i mea nui no nā kaona waena o Rūsia, a hiki i ka makahiki 40-80 o XX kenekulia, hoʻomaka kahi hana ulu ʻana me ka ulu ʻana o ka moʻomeheu i ka waena waena, ʻoiai i ka wā like me ka hoʻolauleʻa ʻana i kāna māla ma ke kūkulu ʻākau o ka ʻāina.

Ma ka wā ulu, ua ʻoka ʻia nā cherries i nā ʻano mua, waena a ʻeka. Hoʻomaka ka hua ʻōpala ma mua o ka hoʻomaka ʻana o ka mahina o Iulai, ka waena o ka ʻūhū ʻana i ka lua o ka mahina o Iulai a me nā hopena lohi i ka hoʻomaka o ʻAukake. Loaʻa kēlā me kēia ʻano i kona mau puʻupuʻu ponoʻī a ʻokoʻa i ka ʻono, ka ʻula a me nā ʻala o ka hua, i kapa ʻia he drupes.

Hema o Rūsia

Ma nā ʻaoʻao hema o Rūsia, me ka ʻāina ʻo Krasnodar, ka mea i kaulana loa he mau ʻano like ʻole ʻo Lyubskaya lāua ʻo Apukhtinskaya, hōʻailona ʻia e ka hoʻomaka ʻana o ka hua mai ka lua o ka makahiki o ka kanu ʻana i ka hua mau a kiʻekiʻe. Loaʻa iā lākou kahi pālahalaha ākea ākea, me ka ʻāina ʻo Moscow. ʻO ka mea makemake hou aʻe, ʻo ia ka ʻano Spanka. Hoʻopili nui (ʻo ka paona a hiki i 5 g), ka mea i mālama ʻole ʻia, e hoʻohana nui ʻia i ke ʻano hou. ʻAʻole ia e ʻae i kahi hoʻokele, kūpono ʻole no nā workpieces (hoʻomaloʻo, ka ʻaka a me nā ʻano ʻano ʻē aʻe).

ʻO ka lau ʻala lau. © Nora Ekdahl

ʻO ka waena waena o Rūsia

Ma nā wahi o ka waena waena, e komo pū ana me ka Mokuahi o Lākia, nā ʻano like me Molodezhnaya, Chernokorka, Lyubskaya, Shubinka, Bolotovskaya, Bagryanaya, Volochaevka, Robin, a me Pole i loaʻa ka ʻike i ka alaloa. ʻO nā ʻano mea e pono ʻole ai i ka cross-pollination, hiki iā ʻoe ke hoʻohana i kēia i kēia no ka mālama ʻana i ka home: Tambovchanka, Shakirovskaya, Lotovaya, Volga dessert, Chocolate, Generous, Turgenevka, Rusinka, Brunetka, Flame, Morozovka. ʻO nā mea mālama i ke aloha ke makemake e hūnā me ka ʻohi ʻana i ka hoʻoilo, pono lākou e makaʻala i nā ʻano Turgenevka, a me nā ʻākau i Morozovka. Hoʻokumu lākou i ka hopena o Iulai. Hoʻohālikelike ʻia nā ʻano ʻelua e ka palatability kiʻekiʻe, kahi nui o ka pulpona mānoʻi. Kūʻē ka manuahi i ka halihali. ʻAno ke hoʻopaʻa ʻana i ʻelua ʻano i nā palu i lalo i -35 ° C. E hoʻomaopopo iā Morozovka, ʻoiai ke kū nei kona pale i nā kime anuanu, ua hōʻeha pinepine ia i nā pū wai puna.

Nā ʻano lau ʻoliʻoli no nā kula

Ke hoʻāʻo nei kekahi mau māla i nā kula i kūleʻa i nā ʻano hema a me Siberian i ka makana kūloko. ʻAʻole i ʻike ʻia ua loaʻa ka ʻano like me ke ʻano o ke ʻano o ke anāina o kekahi wahi, a i kekahi manawa. Inā kūpono nā ʻano o Lūkini ma waena no ka L Moscowkika ma Moscow, a laila wale nō ka poʻe i kū i ka coccomycosis, kahi maʻi maʻamau i kēia wahi. No nā kahawai, nā ʻano ʻoniʻoni maikaʻi loa ʻo Lyubskaya, Turgenevka, Diamond, Hui, ʻAʻani, Coral, Griot Moscow, Robin, Rastorguevskaya, Rusinka, Sania, Apukhtinskaya, Vladimirskaya, Zhukovskaya. Aneane pale āpau i nā loli i ke ʻano wela.

Ka lāʻau ʻona. © sherwin & ruth

ʻO nā ʻāina ʻo Siberian, e komo pū ana me nā Urals

Hāʻawi ʻia i ka manawa pōkole pōkole, nā manaʻo o nā mea hoʻopiʻi e hoʻopiʻi ʻia i nā hua kanu precocious a me ka hoʻoilo. ʻO nā ʻano hua ʻo Maksimovskaya, Mayak, Metelitsa, Zmeinogorskaya, Ob, Novoaltayskaya hiki ke kahakaha loa no nā kūlana koʻikoʻi mai nā makahiki 20 i hala. ʻO ka momona ponoʻī, ʻo ia ka mea i ʻike ʻia ʻo Ashinskaya maʻamau. ʻAʻole pono ʻo ia i nā pollinators (nā lebu), a ʻoiai ke mālama nei i nā pua o ka ulu mai loko mai o ka manuahi, lawe mai ʻo ia i ka pūnaehana no ka makahiki.

He mau hiʻohiʻona ʻenehana ʻoihana mahiʻai

Pono kūlohelohe

ʻO ka māhele o nā cherries e hānai i nā wahi a pau o Lūkia, e hoʻonani ana i nā cottages kauwela a hāʻawi aku i nā poʻe lako me nā huahana momona i nā mea pono a pau a me nā mea lāʻau lapaʻau. He lāʻau meli maikaʻi ʻo Cherry. ʻAʻole maikaʻiʻole ia, hiki ke ulu i nā kūlana i makemake ʻole ʻia no ia, akā e hoʻolōʻihi i ka nui o kona ikehu i ke ola, e hoʻoili ana i nā hua liʻiliʻi. ʻO ka lōʻihi o ka hoʻoulu ʻana i ka hua huakaʻi e emi nui ai. No laila, pono e hoʻohana ʻoe i nā ala āpau e hoʻolako ai i ka moʻomeheu i nā kūlana i koi ʻia. Hiki maʻalahi iā Cherry ke hoʻomanawanui i ka shace "lace", akā hoʻopiʻi i ka mea momona maikaʻi i ka mālamalama lawa. Pono ʻo ia i kahi ʻōlū ʻole (a maikaʻi ma ka pā). Ma hope o ka manuahi, wikiwiki hou. Kūlike ʻokoʻa ka Cherry i ka hāʻawi ʻana i nā mako, akā, ʻoi aku nā mea i kālai ʻia i kūʻai ʻia ma nā lāʻau ʻolea a i ʻole ʻo Mogaleb cherries. ʻO ka pale mua ka pale, a ʻo ka lua ua loaʻa kahi mea kanu kumuʻo e komo i ka hohonu hohonu i ka lepo. I ke kūʻai ʻana i nā hua kanu ulu, e mākaukau no ka hoʻōki pinepine ʻana, inā hoʻi i ka lā maloʻo. Aia maikaʻi loa ka ʻōnaehana o kēia mau ʻano a i ka ʻāina maloʻo ka liʻiliʻi o ka hua. A ma ka manawa like, e hoʻomanaʻo no ka cherries lepo waiʻuʻuku ʻaʻole pono e kokoke aku ma mua o 1.5-2.0 m mai ka lepo aku.

Nā hiʻohiʻona o nā kanu kanu

Kūkulu ʻia nā mea kanu kanu e hoʻokō i ka puna ma kahi waena o ʻApelila. Ma nā ʻāina hema, e lawe ʻia ana nā ʻāina ʻāina i ka hāʻule i loko o ʻOkakopa. Ma nā ʻāina ʻākau, i ka wā o ka hoʻoilo ʻana, ʻaʻole paha ka lāʻau i ka aʻa a me ka manuahi.

I ke kūʻaiʻana i nā mea kanu, e hoʻolohe pono i nā ʻano ʻano like ʻole. Me ka nele o ka wana i ka pā kula, ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o ka kanu ʻana i nā ʻano semi-dwarf (Turgenevka, Lyubskaya, Zagoryevskaya, Molodezhnaya, Chernookaya, Polevka). Hiki iā lākou ke kanu ʻia ma hope o ka 2.5 m, aʻo nā ʻano me ka lei ākea (Yubileinaya, Shubinka, Vladimirskaya) ʻo ka mamao o ka lālani ma kahi o ka oʻo 3.5 m. ʻEkona a kanu ʻia nā mea kanu, akā hiki ʻole, no ka maʻi ʻana a me nā maʻi like. pōpilikia.
E kiʻi wale i nā ʻano hua ʻona i loko o nā kikowaena loea e loaʻa pū ana i nā wehewehe ʻana: nā ʻano, ka makahiki, ka ʻano o ka stock, pollination, etc.
E nānā pono iā ia i ka hua. ʻAʻole pono e loaʻa nā maka luhilahi a me ka hamo, ka ʻili me ka ʻole o ka hōʻino. ʻO ka pale ʻana i ke olakino olakino, ka pīhoihoi (no ka hoʻomaʻemaʻe ʻia), ua kūkulu maikaʻi ʻia ka ʻoihana kumu me nā hua he nui o nā aʻa.
Hoʻopili koke aku i nā aʻa o ka hua kanu i kūʻai ʻia me ka hoʻōla waiwai e pale iā ia mai ke maloʻo ʻana. Ma mua o ka hoʻohemo ʻana, e kau i ka wai pakiaka no 4-8 hola.

ʻO ka ʻōlaʻai ʻōpiopio. © premiertrees

Inā loaʻa kekahi mau lāʻau, e koho mua i nā wahi o nā kanu kanu me ka mamao ka mea i pili i ke ʻano ma waena o nā kumulāʻau 2.5-3.5 m a ma waena o nā lālani he 2,0 m. ʻōnaehana huaʻai. ʻO nā lau momona maikaʻi e kūpono i nā cherries. Ma nā lepo ikaika, hoʻonui ʻia ka lua kanu, loosening mea kanu (pit, humus, one) a me kahi papa wai 7-10 cm kiʻekiʻe ua hoʻohui ʻia i ka lepo. Hoʻopili ʻia ka lepo me ka humus a me ka phosphorus-potassium fertilizers (i kēlā me kēia 50 a 40 g ma lalo o kahi kumulāʻau). Ke kanu nei i kahi lua ma luna o kahi alawai, ninini i kahi papa he 10 cm o ka lepo, e hana i kahi mound ma luna a kau i nā aʻa ma laila. Ke hāʻule nei i loko o ka lua ma 2/3, ninini i ka pahu pā wai 0.5-1.0, hoʻohui i ka lepo a hoʻohui iā ia. E hōʻoia i ka wahi o ka hoʻopiliʻana a me ke aʻa o nā hua kanu he 2-3 cm ʻoi aku ke kiʻekiʻe o ka pae ʻāina a ʻaʻole e uhi iā lākou i nā makahiki ma hope. E hana i kahi ʻaoʻao 0.5 m i ka puni a puni o ka ʻōpala a hoʻopiha i kahi wai o kekahi wai. E kuana e mulch. I ka wā kauwela, a hiki i ka lei o kahi lāʻau pākahi ke hoʻomau ʻia, hoʻopiʻi mau ʻia ka lepo.

ʻO ka mālama Cherry

Inā kanu ʻia ka huaʻai ma ka lepo kō, a laila i nā makahiki mua ʻelua ʻaʻole pono ia e hōʻuluʻulu ʻia. ʻO ka mālamaʻana i kēia wā hana i ka wehe ʻana i ka mauʻu, ka wai a me ka hāmū ʻana i ka lepo (ma ka hema). Ma lalo o ka lei, ʻo ka launa ʻana o ka lepo i ka wa e neʻe ai i nā lau naʻu ʻaʻole iʻoi aku ma kahi o 8-10 cm, i ʻole e hōʻino i ka ʻaoʻao o ke kumu lāʻau ʻōpiopio. Ma ka lālani-spacing, hoʻonui ka hohonu o ka hana i ka cm cm 19. ʻO ke kanu i ka mea e pono ai (ʻaʻole e hoʻopiha i nā hua). ʻO nā lau waiū a hiki i 45 cm.

ʻOi aku ka maikaʻi o ka hoʻohālikelike i nā cherries no 3-4 mau makahiki, a i ʻole, e hoʻomaka ana mai ka makahiki o ka hua. Kuhi ʻia ka humus a i ʻōpī ʻia i kēlā me kēia 4-5 mau makahiki, e hui pū ana (inā pono) me ka deoxidation o ka lepo me ka palaoa dolomite, kaʻu lāʻau, ka lime, ka mea i hoʻopuehu ʻia ma ka ʻāina no ka male papau. ʻO ka lole ʻaihue mau makahiki kūʻokoʻa e hana ʻia me kahi makenemoku hoʻomehana mineral a piha i ʻole nitrophos. Hiki ke hoʻohuli ʻia lākou ma nā makahiki me nā maniika fosfor-potassium, ʻoi loa hoʻi i nā ʻāina kahi i lawa ai ka nitrogen. ʻO ka helu noi he 60 g o ka hoʻopau piha o nā koina 40 a me 30 g o ka superphosphate a me ka potassium sulfate, ma muli o ke kumulāʻau. No ka cherry, ʻoi aku ka lole o luna e hoʻopili ʻia 1 manawa i ka wā pua. Ma nā kākoi nui loa, ua kāʻili ʻia nā manamana pāloli-potassium a me nā kīʻaha 1-2 o ka lehu ma ka mauʻu like i ka lole lua o ka lua (ma hope o 15-20 mau lā). ʻO nā moʻo, nā ʻano a me nā helu o nā kapa kāʻei luna e lawe ʻia e like me nā ʻōnaehana ʻāina a me ke ʻano o ka moʻomeheu. Kūpono ʻia nā ʻikepili i hāʻawi ʻia no nā ʻāina mahele waena a lawelawe e like me nā mea hoʻomaka.

ʻO ka moʻomeheu, ʻo ka hapa nui ma nā ʻaoʻao hema, pono e hoʻohāinu Ma nā wahi ʻākau a i nā wahi me ka nui o ka ua, ʻaʻole i lawe ʻia ka irrigation. He ʻae ma ka hema ka hema. Ke alakaʻi nei kēia ʻano i kahi hōʻemi i ka helu o nā mauʻu a mālama i ka lepo ma lalo o ka lei o ka lāʻau. Ma ke ʻākau, maʻamau ʻaʻole hamama ka lepo, a hoʻoneʻe ʻia nā lau nā nā māla pua. I ka wā e wehe ai, e makaʻala ʻaʻole e hōʻino i nā aʻa; I ka hoʻoilo, ʻaʻole ʻoe e ʻohi i ka uhi me ka hau. Hiki ke uhi ʻia kahi kuʻi cherry me ka hau ma mua o 1 m.

I loko o ka manawa o ka hua o ka hua o ka hua, ua ʻōlelo ʻia e hoʻopili i ka pupuk o ka phosphorus-potassium a me ka lehu ma lalo o ka mahi ʻana i ka mahina o ka hoʻoilo, akā ʻaʻole pono inā ʻōmaʻomaʻu ka lepo a ua ʻōlelo ʻia me ka nui o nā mea kūlohelohe i ka wā o ka lole.

ʻO ka hana hana nui a ka manawa hana no ka mālama ʻana i nā cherries he holoi i ka overgrowth.

Hoʻopau ka pana me ke aʻa. Hoʻopilikia wale ke kiʻekiʻe i ka pae ʻāina i kona ulu ʻana.

Nā Kiki Lāpala

E like me nā mea kanu o nā māla, ua kau ʻia nā cherries i nā ʻano āpau: ka maʻemaʻe, ka hoʻopulapula, me ka hoʻomaikaʻi.

I kēlā me kēia makahiki, ma mua o ke kuʻi ʻana, a i ʻole ma ka hopena o ka wā lohi, mae ʻia nā lāʻau.E nānā a wehe i ka ulu ʻana i loko, ua ʻoki ʻia, i nā lālā maʻi maʻi maʻi. Inā pono, ua lawe ʻia ka lōkahi o ka lei. Hanaʻia nā hōʻoki nui me nā antiseptics, var var, nā peʻa aila.

No ka hoʻokō ʻana i nā hua maikaʻi o nā cherries, e hoʻomaka ana mai ka makahiki mua o ke kanu ʻana, kālai ʻia ka hana a me ka hana ʻana i ka lei kūpono. E hana i kēia:

i ke kime mua, e hoʻomaʻemaʻe ʻia kekahi makahiki he nui o ka hua o nā lālā loilo ma kahi pae o 60-80 cm. Mai kēia kiʻekiʻe, e hele nā lālā mua o nā lālā pīni. Hoʻokomo ʻia nā lālā skeletal ma ka pana waena ma hope o 12-15 cm (ʻaʻole kū'ē). Kuhi pinepine iā 4-5 nā lālā i kūkulu ʻia. Hoʻokumu lākou i ka māka mua.
I ka makahiki aʻe, 70-80 cm hoʻi mai ka lālā hope o ka paʻu mua o ke ana kai mua a ʻokiʻoki i ka mea lawe waena. Me kēia ʻano, hoʻohālikelike i ke kiʻekiʻe o ka lāʻau. ʻOi aku ka maikaʻi inā ʻaʻole ka luna o ka pāpale iʻoi aku ka nui o 2.0-2.5-3.0 m i ke kiʻekiʻe. Ma kahi mahele 70-80 cm ua waiho ʻoe i ka lua o ka pa o nā lālā o nā iwi. Ua hoʻonui ka ulu ʻana o nā makahiki 4-5 mua no ka cherries, no laila e hoʻāʻo e hōʻoki i nā lāʻau i ākea nui i ka mānoanoa o kēia manawa. Hoʻopau i nā wana lateral e ulu ana ma waena o nā lālā skeletal he 9-10 nui. E mālama pono i nā tiers, mai hoʻomoʻi iā lākou.

Ke hoʻokumu ʻana i kahi puka bushy, e waiho i nā wana nuiʻo 10-12. Hoʻopau i nā koena o ke koena, e waiho ana i ka 1-2 e pani i ka wāʻelemakule.

ʻO ka 5-8 mau makahiki e hiki mai ana - ka lua o ka manawa o ke ola o ka moʻomeheu, ka manawa o ka lawe nui Hoʻolālā ka moʻomeheu i kēlā me kēia makahiki. A laila hele mai i ke kolu o ka manawa - attenuation ulu. Hōʻalo ka lāʻau i nā hua a nui, kūleʻa, ʻōlohelohe a nānā ʻole paha nā lālā ulu lāʻau. I kēia manawa hana, hiki ke hana ʻia ka anti-anti thinly e hōʻoki ʻia i nā lālā pono ʻole. Ma hope o 10-15 mau makahiki, ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o ke kālai ʻana i ka lāʻau kahiko me ka mea ʻōpiopio liʻiliʻi, a i ʻole ke inoculate ma luna o ke kumu a me nā lālā kihi.

ʻO ka pale mai nā maʻi a me nā pōpoki

I nā māla pilikino, pono e kāpae ʻia ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā lāʻau. Me ka ʻenehana kūwaho kūpono, lawa nā kaʻina kūpono e kiʻi ai i kahi hopena maikaʻi me ka hoʻoluhi ʻole ʻana i nā mea ʻala e komo ai i ke kino o nā pākeke, nā keiki a me nā holoholona, nā holoholona maikaʻi ʻole.

E loaʻa i nā hana kūpono:

ʻO ka hōʻiliʻili ʻana i nā lau hāʻule i nā lau a me nā koena o ka mulch, inā hoʻokomo ʻia i loko o kahi pālahalaha nui a ʻaʻohe manawa ka wā e pohō ai i ka wā hoʻoilo. ʻO ka mulch a me nā lau kahi papahele maikaʻi loa no ka hoʻoilo a hoʻomōhala i nā maʻi fungal a me nā maʻi.
ʻO ka ʻōpala o ke kumulāʻau a me nā lālā o lalo lae e hoʻomaʻemaʻe mau ʻia (a ʻaʻole wale 2 i hoʻokahi manawa i ka makahiki). Pono ke komo ʻana e mālama i ka ʻōpio ʻōpiopio mai ka lā wela, mālama i ka maʻemaʻe a me nā lālā mai ka hoʻomākeʻaka me ka moss, pale i nā maʻi a me nā pōpio e hūnā ma lalo o ka pā i nā ʻano pākeke a waiho i nā hua a hiki i ka puna, a me ka spro microflora spora a me nā ʻāpana o ka miselium.
Hōʻalo i ka hoʻokumu ʻana o kahi hollow. I ka hoʻomaʻemaʻe ʻana, pono e mālama i nā ʻokiʻoki me nā antiseptics a me ka pena me ke kumu lāʻau, nā peʻa aila.
No ka manawa hoʻoilo, hoʻokaʻawale i ke ʻano o ka lāʻau (ʻoi aku hoʻi i ka ʻōpio) mai nā rodents (hares, nā kiʻi).

ʻO nā maʻi, i kekahi mau wahi, hoʻopōʻino ʻia nā cherries e ka coccomycosis a i ʻole no ka hakilohilo paha. Pā pinepine pinepine i nā lāʻau, moliniosis a me kleasterosporiosis. ʻO nā hana koʻikoʻi e hakakā i nā maʻi ma ka home ka prophylactic (i wehewehe ʻia ma luna) a me ka pālahalaha ʻana me nā huahana biikona ʻaʻole ia e hoʻopōʻino i ka olakino, nā holoholona a me nā mea hihiu maikaʻi (mau pi, nā bumblebees). ʻO nā biologics, Baksis, Bactofit, Khetomin, Trichodermin, Phytosporin e kū pono ana. Hōʻike ʻia nā kumuʻehā a me nā wā o ka hoʻoiho i ka pōpoki a i nā ʻōlelo hoʻi no ka huahana olaola. E ho'ēmi i ka ukana ma ka lāʻau, hiki ke hoʻopaʻa ʻia me nā lewa tank. No laila, ʻo ka hana maikaʻi loa e kū'ē ana i nā maʻi i loaʻa me ka hoʻohui ʻana o ka trichodermine me ka baxis ma kahi pālākiō 1: 1. Ke hoʻōla i nā huahana olakino, e hoʻomaopopo ʻoe i ka hopena ma kahi mahana ma kahi o + 12 ° C. ʻO ka mahana kūpono loa no ka mālamaʻana he + 15 ... + 18 ° C. Pono e hoʻomaopopo i ka pale o ka ola ke hāʻawi pono i ka hoʻoikaika kiʻekiʻe, no laila, pono e hoʻomaka ka mālama ʻana i nā lāʻau i ka wā e hoʻokūkū ana ke ʻano i kahi kumu pale ʻana a hoʻomau i ke kauwela āpau. I ka wā hāʻule, ma hope o ka hōʻiliʻili ʻana, hiki ke hōʻoki ʻia nā lāʻau me ka wai o 1% Bordeaux, a me ka lepo ma mua o ka eli ʻana e mālama ʻia me ka keleawe keleawe 2-3%.

ʻO nā pōpō nui e hōʻeha nui i nā kumulāʻau cherry nā pua ceri, nā lau cherry, spider mites, mucus sawflies, bud weevils, pana pua. ʻO nā palupalu a nā pēpē, pana i nā mu a me nā ʻāpana cherry he pōʻino loa. Hoʻopilikia nā kānaka pākeke a me nā hua lāʻau i nā ʻokiʻoki, nā ʻōpio a me nā ovary ʻōpiopio o nā lāʻau cherry, hiki iā ia ke luku i ka hua holoʻokoʻa.

I ka wā o ka hoʻoilo ma hope o nā hua mua, hiki i ka pipi a me ka lepo ma lalo o ka lei aliʻi e hiki ke hoʻopau ʻia me kahi hopena o 5% urea, ʻaʻole wale nō he mea kanu, akā he ala maikaʻi nō hoʻi o ka luku ʻana i nā maʻi maʻi a me nā ʻano āpau. Ke pīpī ʻana i ka pāpale, ʻo ka pipi ʻana o ka urea i mea liʻiliʻi loa (foggy). I ka manawa o ke kauwela-kauwela, e hoʻomaka ana me ka hua pua, ua hoʻoheʻe ʻia nā lāʻau ma hope o 25-30 mau lā me nā huahana biolo Fitoverm, Akarin, Zdorovy a me nā mea ʻē aʻe. Hana maikaʻi ʻia ka pīpīwī ʻana i nā ʻano wai me ka hua ʻana o nā huahana mai nā maʻi, ma hope o ke nānā ʻana no ka hoʻohālikelike ʻana.