Kēia hui kūloko a keu kūloko e like me ka monarda (Monarda) pili ia Labiaceae ʻohana (Lamiaceae). Hoʻohui kēia ʻano i ke ʻano he 20 mau mea. ʻO ka wahi hānau o kēlā mea kanu ʻo ʻAmelika ʻAmelika, kahi e hālāwai ai mai Mexico a Canada. Hāʻawi i ka inoa i kēia mea kanu ʻo K. Linnaeus no ka hoʻohanohano ʻana i ka Spaniard Nicholas Monardes, he ʻano huahelu botō ia a he kauka, i ka makahiki 1574 ua paʻi ʻo ia i kahi puke e wehewehe ana i nā mea kanu o ʻAmelika. Ua kapa ʻia ʻo Monardes i kēia pua Origan Kanada a ʻo Verginsky psychologist. I loko o nā ʻāina ʻEulopa, ua kanu ʻia ʻo monarda i mea moʻomeheu koʻikoʻi o ka aila, a ma ka kenekulia 19 ua ʻike mua ʻia ʻo ia ma ke ao nei he bergamot, American lemon balm a lemon mint.
Nā hiʻohiʻona Monarda
Kēia mea kanu rhizome e like me bergamot monarda kahi makahiki a keu mau makahiki. Hiki ke piʻi a kū pololei paha nā wana pololei a hiki i ka 150 kenimika. ʻOi aku ka nui o nā papa lau oblong-lanceolate serrated leaf plate. Hiki i nā pua pua nani keʻa liʻiliʻi a poni, ʻulaʻula, keʻokeʻo, keʻokeʻo, ʻulaʻula, a me nā mottled. ʻO lākou ka mahele o nā puʻu laumoli o kahi ʻano racemose a capitate paha, ke loaʻa ka diameter o 6 a 7 sentimita. Hoʻopau pinepine lākou ma ka pana i kahi ma luna o kekahi. ʻO nā hua nā huaʻai, aʻo nā hua kanu ma ia mea e ulu mau a hiki i 3 mau makahiki. I ka wahi e ulu ai kahi mea kanu e hiki mai 5 a 7 mau makahiki. Loaʻa iā ia nā pua hoihoi e huki i ka hoihoi, me kahi laʻi ʻono maikaʻi. Hoʻohana pinepine ʻia ʻo Monarda i ka tiʻa, i hoʻohana ʻia me ka mea ʻala, a he mea momona maikaʻi nō hoʻi.
Ke ulu nei i ka monarda mai nā hua kanu
Ke kanu
I nā ʻāina hema, e lawe pololei ana ka līlī o nā hua ʻano o ia mea kanu i ka ʻāina ākea i ka lā o Pepeluali. I loko o kahi mau mahina o ke anuanu, e hoʻohālikelike ka hua i kahi stratification kūlohelohe. E hele pono mai nā hua a nā hoa aloha ma ʻApelila, pono lākou e ʻoki ʻia. I ka hanana mea pani uhi ʻo ka pūnaewele, a laila e wehe ʻia. A laila e uhi ʻia ka ʻāina me kahi kiʻiʻoniʻoni e hoʻomehana maikaʻi ʻia ana. Ma hope o ka wehe ʻana i ka lepo, e hana ana i kahi liʻiliʻi o ke one i loko. Ma hope o kēlā, ua hui pū ʻia nā hua me ke one (1: 4) a kanu ʻia. Ma luna o nā hua, pono nō ʻoe e ninini i kahi ʻāpana o ke one. Pono nā kanu i kanu i loko o ka lepo ʻaʻole iʻoi aku ma mua o 25 mm. ʻO ka lulu ma ka māka e hana ʻia i kekahi manawa i ka hāʻule, ma hope o ka hōʻiliʻili ʻana i nā hua. I ka pūnāwai, i ka wā e kū mai ai nā mea kanu, e kanu wale nō lākou iā lākou. Ma hope o hoʻokahi makahiki, e ulu nui ka monarda, e ikaika a hoʻomaka e pua. Ke hele mālie loa nei nā pana.
Nā huaʻōlelo
Akā ulu pinepine ʻia kēlā pua ma o nā mea kanu. Ua mākaukau nā mea kanu o kēia mea kanu no ka kanu mahina, pono ke kanu ʻia ma Ianuali-Pepeluali, ʻoiai ʻo nā pahu e hoʻopiha ʻia me ka launaʻi no ka mea kanu hua ʻai. Pono e hoʻomohala i nā hua ma o 20-25 mm. Hoʻomaʻemae ʻia ka ipu i loko o kahi hale ʻōmaʻomaʻo, kahi i hāʻule ʻole ai ka mahana i lalo o 20 mau kiʻekiʻe. Hiki ke ʻike ʻia nā hua mua ma hope o nā lā 20, a hoʻomaka lākou e hīlohelohe ma hope o kahi 20 mau lā, ʻoiai e hoʻohana ana i ka hoʻolālā 4x4 a i ʻole 3x3.
Kūleʻa monarda ma ka papa ākea
I ka manawa e pae ai
ʻO ke kanu ʻana i kahi monard a ulu i ka māla i ka mea maʻalahi. ʻOi aku ka maikaʻi no ke koho i kahi māla maikaʻi i pale ʻia mai loko mai o ka ʻūlū ʻana o ka makani, akā hiki nō ke ulu aʻe i kahi ʻalā. ʻAʻole loaʻa i nā mea kanu nā koi kūikawā no ka lepo, akā ʻoi aku ka ʻāina māmā māmā e kūpono iā ia. Eia kekahi, ma ka lepo wai paʻakai, e ulu a ulu maikaʻi ʻole ia. Hoʻomaopopo ʻia ka palena ʻāina i ka pūnāwai, akā e hoʻomākaukau no kēia pūnaewele pono i ka hāʻule. No ka hana ʻana i kēia, e eli iā ia a hoʻomaʻemaʻe ia i ka lau weam, ʻo ia hoʻi 2-3 kilograms o ka manure, peat a i ʻole compost, 40-50 mau kalama o ka superphosphate, 20-30 pālala o ka paʻakai pākaha a me 40 mau mea o ka lime ka hoʻohui ʻia no kēlā me kēia pālahalaha. I ka pūnāwai, ma mua o ka hoʻomaka ʻana i ka kanu monarda, 20-30 pākēlea o kā nitrika ʻōlelo pākahi i kēlā me kēia 1 square square e pono e hoʻohui ʻia i ka lepo.
Pehea e kanu ai
ʻElua mau mahina ma hope o ka puka ʻana o nā hua kanu, a he 3 mau kohu o nā lau maoli i kēlā me kēia, pono ke hoʻopili ʻia ka mea kanu i kahi ākea i kahi paʻa mau, aʻo ka mamao ma waena o kahi lāʻau e liʻiliʻi ma ka liʻiliʻi o 0.6 mika. Pono e hoʻoulu maikaʻi ʻia nā mea kanu i kanu ʻia. ʻAʻole liʻiliʻi nā wai liʻiliʻi ma ka manawa manawa (ʻaʻole i emi mai ma kahi o 5 mau degere) i ka monarda. ʻO ka pua o ia monarda, ma ke ʻano he kānāwai, hiki ke ʻike ʻia ma hope o 12 mau mahina wale nō, akā hiki i nā mea ākea ke ulu ʻia i hiki i kēia makahiki.
Ka mālama ʻana i ka monarda i loko o ka māla
E hoʻohāinu ʻia ko kēia pua me ka ʻōnaehana, akā i ka manawa like, me nā lā wela, inā ʻaʻole e maʻi ʻia ka mea kanu me ka wī. I ka wā wela nui e ʻōlelo ʻia e hoʻoinu iā lākou i kēlā me kēia lā. Inā wela ke kauwela a kūleʻa i ke kauwela, a laila ka lepo i kahi e ulu ai ka monard, ʻōlelo nā poʻe loea e pīpī me ka papala o ka mulch (peat a i ʻole humus). Pono e wāwahi i ka ʻāina ma ka pae a me ka weed. Pono ʻoe e hānai pono i nā mea kanu me Agricola a i Kemira (granular) hoʻi me ka 2 o ka manawa i hoʻokahi mahina mai ka hapa lua o Mei a hiki i ka lā lūlū mua. Eia nō hoʻi, e mahalo ka monarda inā e hoʻokomo ʻoe i ka hoʻohuihui kūlohelohe i ka lepo (no ka laʻana, ka mullein ua hoʻoheheʻe ʻia me ka wai ma kahi pālahalaha o 1:10). I ka pūnāwai a me ka wā lohi, pono ia no ka prophylaxis e mālama i ka mea kanu me ke keleawe keleawe a i ole Fundazole.
Monarda hoʻoulu
E like me ka mea i ʻōlelo ʻia ma luna nei, hiki ke ulu ʻia nā pua mai nā hua, akā ma kēia hihia ʻaʻole lākou e mālama i nā ʻano varietal. Ma kēia mea, ʻoi aku ka nui o nā māla o ka māla e ʻoi aku i ka mākaʻi ma ka hoʻokaʻawale ʻana i ka lāʻau, ʻo ia ka 3 a 4 mau makahiki paha. Hoʻomaka ʻia ka hoʻokaʻawale ʻana iā ʻApelila, ma hope o ka hoʻomehana ʻana o ka honua i a i ʻole mau lā ʻahaʻaina mua. Pono ka hoʻokaʻawale ʻia o ka nahele mai ka lepo, ua holoi pono ʻia ka ʻōnaehana kumu ma lalo o ka wai holo ʻana a māhele ʻia i nā māhele like. Pono e hoʻokō i ka hoʻopaʻa ʻana o nā pūnaewele ʻokiʻoki me nā koʻi i nahu. A laila kanuʻia nā puʻuwai ma kahi paʻa. Ma ke kānāwai, hana nā māla lāʻau i nā mea pili me ka hoʻokaʻawale pinepine (e pili ana i ka manawa i ka 2 a i ʻole 3 mau makahiki), ʻo ka mea ʻoiai ke ulu a wikiwiki ka wikiwiki i 100 cm ka lōʻihi.
Eia kekahi, no ka hoʻolaha ʻana o kēia mea kanu, ua hoʻohana ʻia ke ala ʻokiʻoki. E hōʻiliʻili ʻia nā ʻokiʻoki mai nā pua ʻōmaʻomaʻo ma mua o ka hoʻomaka ʻana o ka pua, a hiki ke lōʻihi i ko lākou lōʻihi mai 8 a 10 sentimita. Pono e ʻoki ʻia nā papa lau mai lalo mai, a e hoʻopau ʻia ka poʻe mai luna e ka 1/3. Pono e kanu i nā ʻoki no ka huki ʻana i loko o kahi pahu i hoʻopiha ʻia me ka wai hoʻohuihui kahawai. Pono e uhi ka ipu me ka agril a lawe i kahi wahi pōʻeleʻele. Kūpono ʻia ka mea kanu i nā lā 15-20. Mai ke waenakonu o ke kauwela, hiki iā ʻoe ke hoʻomaka e hoʻoili i kahi hōʻoki i ka wahi ākea i kahi paʻa mau.
Nā maʻi a me nā pōpoki
Hōʻale wale kēia pua i nā maʻi a me nā mea ʻino, eia nō naʻe, inā mau loa ia i ka nele i ka wai, a laila aia ke kiʻekiʻe nui o ka maʻi me ka pala. No ka pale ʻana i kēia, pono e hoʻōla pinepine i ka monarda, ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o ka hoʻopiha ʻana i ka pā i kahi papa mulch, ʻaʻole e ʻae i ka wai wai mai ka lepo e hoʻomā wikiwiki koke. I kekahi mau hihia, maʻi ka mea kanu me ka lepo a i ʻole ka mosaic tembak, a he mea nō hoʻi ka ʻili o nā manu. Akā inā ikaika a pua kēia pua, a laila hopohopo ʻo ia me kekahi maʻi. Eia kekahi, ʻaʻole i ʻae nā mea make maikaʻi i ka ʻona o kēia mea kanu, a i ka aʻa i ke aila ʻaila pono, e hōʻole ana i nā pōpoki.
Monarda ma hope o ka pua
Hoʻohui hua
I nā lā hope loa o ʻAukake a i ʻole ka mua - Kepakemapa, nā hua a i loko o ka hua ua make maikaʻi. I ka hanana āu e makemake ai e like me ka mea hānai, a laila e hōʻiliʻili iā i nā hua a lūlū koke iā lākou ma ka lepo a i ʻole e ulu ana i nā hua kanu, kahi i ka puna e hiki ai ke waiho ʻia i kahi mau. Inā makemake ia, a laila hiki iā ʻoe ke lulu i nā hua, ʻaʻole koke, no ka mea, e mālama ʻia ana kā lākou huakaʻi no 3 mau makahiki. Nui ke ʻano loea o nā hua loiloi no nā ʻano monarda, ʻoiai ua ʻōlelo ʻia ka varietal e hoʻopuʻi kūlohelohe wale i nā mea kanu.
Ka hoʻomākaukau ana no ka hoʻoilo
I ka hanana ʻole ʻoe e ʻohi i nā hua, a laila e waiho nā hua ma ka lāʻau, a laila hiki i nā manu pōloli ke hauʻoli iā lākou i ka hāʻule. Inā ulu kahi pālua makahiki i ka pae, a laila e wehe ʻia nā koena a ua mākaukau ka lepo no ka kanu ʻana i kahi ʻano ʻai. Kūkā nui ka perennials (a hiki i ka minuke 25 kiʻekiʻe). Inā makemake ʻia ka hoʻoilo hau hoʻoilo, a laila ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o ka hamch i nā wahi me ka uhi mānoanoa a uhi ʻia me nā lālā pihi.
ʻO nā ʻano a me nā ʻano like o monarda me nā kiʻi a me nā inoa
Nā ʻano makahiki o monarda
Monarda lemon a citrus (Monarda citriodora)
ʻO kēia pua i ka ʻohana wale nō ka makahiki. I ke kiʻekiʻe, hiki ke hele i 15-95 kenimika. Aia ma ka nahele nā papa lau lanceolate. ʻO ka hoʻonohonohoʻana o nā inflorescences mai ka 5 a 7 mau whorls me nā pua liʻiliʻi a i ʻole nā pua lilac pua. I nā pua, nā ʻōpala a me nā pua o ka mea kanu he mea waiwai nui, kahi e hui like ai me ka ʻaila o ka bula lemon, basil, a me nā mint. I kēia mea, ʻaʻole hiki i kēia ʻano ke hoʻopiha i loko o kou māla, akā ua kōkua pū i ka hana ʻana i nā kīʻaha me nā ʻono a ʻoi aku ka momona.
Monarda hoke iā Lambada (Monarda lambada)
Ua loaʻa kēia ʻano i ka Netherlands. E hana iā ia, ua kipa ka poʻe kuʻuna o nā ʻano he nui o ka hui Citriodora. ʻO nā papa lau lau ʻōpio kahi ikaika lemon lemon.
Monarda punctata (Monarda punctata)
Ua kapa ʻia kēia ʻano holoholona i ka minela puaʻa. Hoʻoulu ia no nā lau nani loa o nā lau salatur saturated a puni ka inflorescence. Hiki i ke kiʻekiʻe o ka ulu lāʻau a hiki i 0.8 m.
Nā ʻano makahiki o ka monarda
Monarda pālua (Monarda didyma)
Ma lalo o nā kūlana kūlohelohe, hiki iā ʻoe ke hālāwai ma nā wahi nui o Lako Nui. ʻO ke kiʻekiʻe o kahi mea kanu peracea e hiki ke piʻi a hiki i 0.8 m.ʻawaʻawa ka pūpū lihi e lele kū nei, aia nā hua pua tetrahedral. ʻO nā papa lau oval lau i loaʻa ka pubescence, kahi petiole pōkole, kahi aniani serrated a me kahi koi ma ka pūnaewele apopo. He wahi ʻōmaʻomaʻo ko lākou a me ka lōʻihi o 12 mau kenimika, a hoʻi nā stipules i ʻulaʻula. ʻO nā lilac liʻiliʻi a i ʻole nā pua violet he ʻāpana o ka inflorescences hope loa o ka puka capitate, hiki i kahi anawaena o ka 6 kenimika. Hoʻokomo ʻia nā pulapulu nui i nā lau lewā e like me nā pua. Hoʻohui ʻia mai ka makahiki 1656.
Monarda duodenum, a i ʻole tubular (Monarda fistulosa)
Ma lalo o nā kūlana kūlohelohe, hiki iā ʻoe ke hālāwai me nā nahele i nā mokuna hikina o ʻAmelika Hema. I nā ʻāina ʻEulopa, kanu ʻia kēia mau ʻano, ma ke ʻano he lula. He nui nā wana o kēlā, a hiki ke kiʻekiʻe o 0.65-1.2 mika. ʻO nā papa lau lau maʻalahi me nā kihi serrated me ka pubescence o nā lauoho lahilahi. Kohi ʻia nā pua lilac i loko o nā moʻo wahaheʻe e hoʻopuni ana i nā ʻulaʻula ʻōmaʻomaʻo, he ʻāpana lākou i nā waihona kālā spherical capitate. Aia ma kēlā me kēia pālaʻi he 5-9 inflorescences aia, hōʻea ma 5 a 7 mau kenimika ma ka diameter. Kūpono ʻia mai ka 1637. Aia kekahi ʻano keke o kēia ʻano o Victoria, ʻo ia ka makana o nā ʻano huaʻa Lūkia.
Monarda hue (Monarda x hybrida)
Hoʻokomo ʻia kēia ʻano ʻano like ʻole a me nā ʻano like ʻole i hoʻokumu ʻia e nā mea kīhai ʻAmelika, Kelemania a me Pelekane, aʻo ia ka hana a lākou i hoʻohana ai i ka duo monad a me ka duo monad. Hiki i ka ulu lāʻau ke kiʻekiʻe o 1 mika, aʻo nā pua he ʻāpana like ʻole, no ka hoʻohālike:
- poni palapala kala: Blue Stocking, Blaustrumpf;
- poni: Zinta-Zinta, Fisheye a me Pony;
- Magenta: ʻO Prairie Glow, Sunset, a me Cardinal;
- ʻulaʻula: Cambridge Scarlett, Adam, Mahogeny, Petit Delight, Balance and Squaw;
- ulaula: Croftway Pink, Creightley Pink a me Rose Queen;
- Keokeo;
- burgundy: ʻO Burgundy Moldova a me Prerienaht;
- Lavender: Elsiz Lavende.
Nui nō hoʻi nā lehulehu Panorama, nā papa kiaʻi me nā pua o nā ʻano like ʻulaʻula: ʻulaʻula, ʻulaʻula, raspberry, poni, burgundy a ulaula.
ʻO nā mea Monarda
Nā lāʻau lapaʻau
Loaʻa nā māhele āpau o ka monarda i nā huaora B1, B2 a me C, nā aila koʻikoʻi a me nā meaola e pono ai nā biologically. No laila, ua hoʻohana nui ʻia i nā lāʻau lapaʻau ʻē aʻe. Pono nui ka aila mai loaʻa kēia mea kanu. Loaʻa ia i nā waiwai e like me: antibacterial, sedative, antioxidant, reproductive a me antianemic. Inā ʻoe ʻōnaʻomaʻo inu ʻōiwi, a laila hiki iā ʻoe ke wehe i nā ʻaluna atherosclerotic mai aorta, hoʻōla i nā anu, a me ka maʻi o ka maʻi ʻana, a me ka hoʻomaikaʻi ʻana i ke ʻano o ke kūpaʻa a kākoʻo i ke kino ma hope o chemotherapy. Pēlā nō hoʻi e hoʻohana ʻia nā monarda no ka cystitis, nā maʻi pneumonia, ka pāpaʻi otitis, ka sinusitis a me nā hana hōʻemi. A ua hoʻohana ʻia nō hoʻi no ka ʻeha ma ke poʻo, nā maʻi o ka waha o ka waha, ka ʻoma a me ka ʻaoʻao wāwae. Hoʻohana ʻia kēlā pua like i ka cosmetology, ua hoʻohui ʻia ia me nā kāmala no ka ʻōpala maikaʻi, ʻo ia hoʻi e mālama i ke pilikia a me ka ʻili ʻili.
Hiki ke hoʻohui ʻia nā lau o ka mea kanu i ka ʻai, nā ʻāpala a me nā mea i hoʻoulu ʻia, a ua mākaukau hoʻi kahi ʻaoʻao lau no ka papa iʻa a i ʻole nā lau ʻai.
Nā Hoʻohui
ʻAʻole ʻōlelo nā loea i ka hoʻohana ʻana iā Monarda e mālama i nā keiki ma lalo o ʻelima mau makahiki o ka wahine, a me nā wahine hāpai a i ka wā hānai. I ka manawa like, ʻaʻole hiki ke hoʻohana ʻia no nā lawelawe kuʻuna a me nā kukui ala.
