ʻO Echium, a i ʻole bruise (Echium) - he ʻelele no ka ʻohana Boraginaceae. Hoʻohui nui ʻia ka genus i mua o 60 mau ʻano o ka makahiki, biennial a perennial herbaceous mea kanu, ʻaʻole nui nā lāʻau.
He maʻamau nā ʻEchium ma ʻEulopa, Western a me nā ʻāpana o East Asia, ʻAkia a me ʻAmelika Hema, ma ka mokupuni o Madeira a ma nā Mokupuni o Canary. Hoʻomoʻa ʻia kekahi mau ʻano holoholona i ka mokupuni ʻo Mediterranean.
Ma ka hoʻohālikelike ʻia, ʻo ka psyllium bruise ua lilo i mea hoʻoweliweli i nā mea kanu kanu i loko o ʻApelika Hema, ʻAmelika Hui Pū ʻIa, a ma mua hoʻi o Australia, kahi i maʻalahi maoli ai ia. Ma laila ua hāʻawi ʻia i kona inoa ʻo "Ka Hōʻulu o nā Patersons."
ʻO kēia ʻohana ka mea kanu mua echium i loko o kāna māla i ka makahiki 1880, me ka nānā pono ʻole i ka nānā ʻana i ke ʻano o ka mea kanu i ke kai a puni nā ʻaoʻao. Maikaʻi ʻole nā Echiums, kūkulu lākou i ka waiho ʻana, nā wahi noho ʻole, nā alanui, nā wahi i hoʻopihapiha ʻia a me nā wahi ʻai.
Hoike ʻike
Ua loaʻa i ka huaʻōlelo ka inoa Latin no ka popescence paʻakikī, mai kahi echis Helene - hedgehog. ʻAe, kahi kīleʻa maʻamau, a i ʻole ke kalaahi, e hōʻike ana i ke ʻano nui o nā pua.
Ma Lūkia, 5 ulu nā ʻano o echiums. I nā wahi chernozem o ka māhele ʻEulopa, ka weli i hala, a i ʻole a pua paha (Echium maculatum), he 30-100 cm ke kiʻekiʻe, me nā pua ʻalika-pink i loko o ka inflorescences panic sempit.
Ma nā wahi a pau, koe wale nō no ka zina non-chernozem, pololei a hiki i nā Urals a me Siberia, kahi ulu kūwaha maʻamau (Echium vulgare) ulu - 20-100 cm kiʻekiʻe, me ka paʻakikī pubescence ma ka lāʻau a me nā lau.
He lāʻau makewai ia, akā, ʻoiai, ʻo ka ʻōpio, ʻaʻole i nā lau a i ʻole nā lau a me nā lau e ʻai ʻia, e like me ka borage. Hoʻohana ʻia e ka lāʻau lapaʻau kuʻuna, lūlū ʻia e like me kahi mea kanu meli, hāʻawi ia i ka meli maikaʻi loa.
No nā kumu hoʻolālā, ʻo ka echium plantain, a i ʻole ka lau mai nā mea kanu (Echium plantagineum), i kapa ʻia no nā pua asymmetrical e ulu ana ma luna o ka mea kanu mai Iulai a i mau hala frost. Hiki ke ulu i loko o kahi makahiki, hema - ma kahi moʻomeheu biennial.
He 30-60 cm ke kiʻekiʻe o kēia mea kanu, me nā lau palaka kupapaʻu a me nā kumu keleawe. Maika nā lau, maʻalahi, ʻoli-oblong, petiolate, a hiki i 14 cm lōʻihi, e hana i ka rosette basal, liʻiliʻi, lanceolate, alternate ma nā kumu lāʻau.
Hoʻolaha nā pua, i ka hoʻāla ʻāhewa, 2-2.5 cm ka lōʻihi, ke ʻano o nā pāʻuʻā, elima hoʻokaʻawale, me ʻelima mau lāʻau e kālai nei. ʻAeʻulaʻula nā ʻōpala, akā, i ka wā e pua ai, wehe lākou i nā pua uliuli, i ka wā e pau ai, loaʻa iā lākou kahi lilac hue.
I ka manawa pinepine ma ke kūʻai ʻana aku, he hui ʻia nā mea kanu me nā pua uliuli, keʻokeʻo, ʻulaʻula, a me nā pua ʻulaʻula. A hui pū lākou i hana i kahi "bouquet" hanohano, a maikaʻi hoʻi i ka māla.
Leʻaleʻa
Ma ka māhele o Moscow, ulu ka mea kanu plantain i kahi makahiki. Hiki iā ʻoe ke lulu i kahi ma nā wahi mau o nā hua he 2-3 ma kahi mamao o 30 cm, a i ʻole i nā mea kanu i nā kō i mea e pale ʻole ai i ka aʻa aʻa i ka wā o ke koho.
Nui nā hua, no laila ʻaʻole paʻakikī ka lulu me nā nu. Kūpono nā hua i loko o hoʻokahi pule. Inā ʻoe e lūlū iā lākou i ka lā Malaki, hiki iā ʻoe ke loaʻa i nā pua pua e hiki i ka hoʻomaka o Iune.
Hoʻohana
ʻO Echium kekahi o nā mea liʻiliʻi e hoʻohui i ka hoʻomanawanui nui loa a me ka unpretentiousness i nā lepo. ʻAʻole kiʻekiʻe aku nā kiʻekiʻe o kēia mau lā i ka 30-35 cm.
Hoʻokomo ʻia lākou ma nā pūʻulu i ka lā māmā, i nā pua pua, i hui ʻia, nā palena. Pono ka holo ʻana i kahi wahi, me ka lepo maikaʻi ʻole o ka māmā a i ʻole me nā ʻano mea uila.
Hoʻopili hou kēia mea kanu i ka maloʻo kūlou i ka palette o nā mea kanu i loko o kahi māla hoʻolālā.
Kūpono ka ʻaila psyllium e hoʻohana ʻia no ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka paʻakai kosmetika, a me kahi mea hou aʻe i ka aʻa iʻa i ka meaʻai.
ʻO ka pua ʻala o ka echium ka hoihoi ʻana i nā pi. Eia nō naʻe, aia kahi hōʻike e pono ai ka meli i ka liʻiliʻi, ʻaʻole iʻoi aʻe ma mua o kahi paona o ka pule, e hoʻomanaʻo ana i ka hana o ka mea kanu.
Ke hana pū me ka echium, pono e mālama ʻia e mālama i ka hoʻowalewale ʻana i ka ʻili o nā lima me nā alkaloid meaola.
