Nā aʻoaʻo aʻoaʻo no nā mea hoʻomaka: nā mea kanu ʻai a me nā loli o ka ʻai

ʻO kahi hale ʻai kauwela, puka kekahi hale ʻāina a makemake ʻoe i kāna mau lau, ʻona maikaʻi, ʻike wale ʻia mai ka māla. Eia naʻe ka pilikia. Ka lōʻihi o ka manawa, ua emi mai ka loaʻa o nā moena, ua loli kona ʻono (ʻaʻole maikaʻi ka momona, ʻōpala e like me ka mauʻu, me ka mea). ʻO ka kanu a i ʻole kahi wikiwiki (i 1-2 mau makahiki) e hoʻi i ka moʻomeheu o ka māla i kona wahi kahiko e alakaʻi i ka hoʻohemo i ka lepo e kekahi mau mea kanu a me ka hōʻiliʻili o nā pathogens pathogenic a me nā pōpō i ka lepo, ka mea leʻaleʻa me ka poʻe i koho ʻia.

I ʻike ʻia ua kanu mau nā meli ma ka wahi like i ka hōʻemi ʻana i ka hua ma o 10-15%. Akā ma hope o nā strawberry ʻaʻole lākou e loaʻa ka hopena i ka pōpoki. Ua hoʻi hou aku ʻo Sunflower i kona wahi i hala ma mua o 7 mau makahiki i ka pā i ka broomrape. ʻO nā kākoti ka hoʻohemo nui i ka lepo me ka phosphorus a me potassium. I mea e mālama ai i ka ulu maikaʻi a me ka lepo olakino ma ka paʻai o ka mahina ʻai, pono ia e kau i nā mea kanu i ka nui (ma ka papa māla) a me ka manawa (e hoʻi i ka wahi kanu kanu mua), me ka noʻonoʻo ʻana i nā hiʻohiʻona koi o nā mea kanu i ulu.

Ke kau ʻana i nā mea kanu

No ka māla ʻana, pono ʻoe e loaʻa kahi diary o nā leka i waiho ʻia i nā helu e pono ai: nā ʻano hua like o nā mea kanu ʻai, nā lā o kā lākou kanu, nā inoa o nā hoʻomākaukau ʻana, nā pākē o nā mea kanu a me nā pono e pono ai. No kēlā me kēiaʻano, e kahakaha i kahi pāwili hou a komo i ka ʻike e pono ai:

• inoa a me nā ʻano moʻomeheu,
• ka mea mua a me ka moʻomeheu i hope (papa. 1),
• wā lulu
• nā pono agrotechnical: nā manawa o ka hōʻiliʻili - ʻo ke ʻano, ka ʻano a me ke ʻano o nā mana o ka ʻoihana, ka nui o nā irrigations a me ka manawa o kā lākou hoʻokō ʻana,
• hōʻiliʻili ʻana.

Papa Hana 1: Kaʻaila hoʻohālikelike

A laila, i ka diary, e kahakaha i kahi kiʻi o ka hoʻoili ʻana o nā mea kanu e hiki mai ana i ka makahiki a me ka māla (papaʻa 2). Me kahi kahele ʻana o nā mea kanu, e hoʻi ka moʻomeheu mua i kāna mahina i ka makahiki 7 o - he mau manawa pono e kāpae i ka momona o ka lepo. ʻO ka ʻōlelo kūpono o nā mea kanu a me nā mea kanu i makemake ʻia e nānā i ka huli ʻana i ka moʻomeheu āu i kūkulu ai. Ke loli nei ka moʻomeheu, e maopopo e pili i ka papaʻaina 1.

Papa 2: Ka kiko o nā mea kanu (ka laʻana)

Hiki iā ʻoe ke heluhelu hou e pili ana i nā ʻano kumu o ka hoʻonohonoho ʻana i ka huli ʻana i kā hua o kā mākou mea waiwai: ʻelima mau ʻano o ka hōʻiliʻili ʻana i mea kanu no ke kauwela kauwela.

Mua moe mua - ʻōmaʻomaʻo

Huli nā mahina moʻomeheu mai ka hema a hema. Ma ka moe mua o kā mākou hōʻiliʻili hua virtual e kau mākou i nā mea ʻōmaʻomaʻo (hiki iā lākou ma ka 3 ... 5-6 mau moe) - dill, pāhala a me ka lele. Ua kapa ʻia kēlā mau ʻanoʻaina. He kūpono lākou inā ʻaʻole e koi ka ʻohana i ka nui o nā huahana. Pono nā Green ma kahi o nā moʻomeheu a hoʻomanawanui me nā hoalauna. I ka papa mua, hiki iā ʻoe ke kau i kekahi kuʻuna ʻē aʻe a koho pono i kahi hoalauna nona ma ka ʻākau, kahi e lilo i mua ma mua o ka makahiki.

Dill, parsley, saleka

ʻOi aku ka maikaʻi ma ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā ʻano zoned no nā mea kanu. ʻO nā ʻano like o ka kumo, pāhule me nā salads i ʻōlelo ʻia ma lalo nei e ʻike ʻia e ka ʻūhāhia a me ka lau ʻūlū, ke ʻano momona ʻoluʻolu, a me ka wikiwiki o ka hua. Hoʻomaʻemaʻe hou ʻia.

Dill

• ʻO nā hua hua mua loa i hua mai i nā lā 25-35 - Aurora, Bouquet, Dalniy, Borey.
• Hiki ke hōʻiliʻili i nā hua waena waena i nā lā 35-45 - Pū ahi, Buyan, Sultan, Mammoth.

Piolo

ʻO nā hua i kapa ʻia he mau mea momona mai ka puna mua a hiki i ka hopena o mua - ʻOi mau, ʻo curly, Sugar, Harvest.

Nā Waihue

Hoʻomaka pinepine ke ʻano o nā hua he nui o Bon a me Dubachek i kahi lā 4050 mau lā, ʻoki ʻia i ka wā i kūkulu ʻia ai nā 6-10 lau. ʻO nā mea āpana, ʻo Moscow Greenhouse, Berlin, Maykopsky e noi ʻia no ka māla pilikino. ʻO ka mua ka lawaiʻa o ka salad a i ʻole ʻo kāpala ʻo Beijing ʻo Khibiny Povir. ʻO ka ʻano like no 24-30 mau lā mai nā mea kanu, ua hoʻomohala ʻia nā lau 5 a loaʻa iā ia ka ohi ʻana.

ʻO ka moena ʻelua - nā ʻoliki a me nā huaʻai hoʻopili

Ma ka moe aʻe e waiho mākou i ka aniani, ʻo ka mea maikaʻi loa o nā mea ʻomaka (ʻike i ka Papa 1), e "hele mai" i kēia wahi e moe ai. Hiki iā ʻoe ke koho i kahi moʻomeheu ʻokoʻa mai nā mea i ʻōlelo ʻia ʻia, akā i ka hoʻololi ʻana i ka moʻomeheu moʻomeheu i kūpono ʻia e nānā i ke kau ʻana o nā hua i hoʻopaʻa ʻia ma nā ʻano ʻuala. Hiki ke ulu i ka moena i kahi hulu a me ke kau māmā. Hoʻohana ʻia nā ʻōlapa e like me ke kanu ʻana, nā mea i kapa ʻia chernushka a i ʻole sevok (arbazheyka) - nāʻuona 1,5-3.0 cm.

Nā ʻano ʻoliala

No kaʻaiʻai hou (nā kaona ma ka hulu) ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi e ulu i nā mea momona, haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa - Yalta kūloko, Orange, Krasnodar G-35.

Hoʻohana pinepine ʻia nā ʻano pinepine me ka mālama mālama kiʻekiʻe no ka hulu a me ka turnip - Dniester, Strigunovsky, gula, akā he mea ʻono lākou.

Nā moena hiamoe

ʻO ke kanu kanu ʻia ke kanu ʻana o ka mākau nui i hui pū me ka moʻomeheu satellite. Ma ke ʻano he kānāwai, ʻaʻole ia e hoʻopōʻino i ka moʻomeheu koʻikoʻi, loaʻa ka manawa pōkole e ulu ana i ka wā kanu (kanu) i ka hōʻiliʻili. ʻO nā lawaiʻa i kanu i nā ala o nā mea kanu nui. Hiki iā lākou ke ulu ma luna o kahi wahi manuahi ma mua o ke kanu a ma hope o ka hōʻiliʻili mua ʻana o ka hōʻiliʻili nui. No nā mea i hoʻopaʻa ʻia mai ka Papa Helu 1, ua koho mākou i nā mea kanu kūpono a lūlū i nā hua pīpī i nā lālani o nā ʻili.

Hiki ke ulu i nā mea mahiʻai ma kahi wahi manuahi ma mua o ke kanu ʻana i nā hua o ka ʻakaʻaka, nā pepeti, hua ʻala. He mea kūpono ia e hoʻohana i nā wahi ma hope o ke hōʻiliʻili ʻana i nā pī, ke kākala hoʻoilo, nā ʻōpala, ka lettu, a me nā greens. ʻO nā moena ma hope o ka hōʻiliʻili ʻana i ke kāleka hoʻoilo a me nā pī, ʻoi aku ka hoʻohui i nā hua uila i kō ʻia i luna, e noho ʻia e nā kukama, ʻo ka manawa ʻelua o nā ʻano hua mua.

Nā ʻano ʻehā

ʻO nā ʻano ʻano ʻalani o ka ʻōhaka no nā mea kanu mea, hiki iā ʻoe ke paipai i ka pāʻina French "," Camelot "," Lanket "," Zlata "," Cherry Belle ".

ʻO kekahi ʻanoʻano ākea ma luna o kahi moena bawang ʻokoʻa paha lau lettu, ʻala (Beijing) kāpō. ^ E Ha yM. Hiki iā ʻoe ke lulu i nā mākeke 2-3 m a i ʻole ka lū o nā ʻano like ʻole, e hoʻohemo ma hope o 8-10 mau lā. Ma muli o ke kanu ʻia ʻana mai ka moena hoʻokahi, hiki iā ia ke ʻoki i kahi ʻāpana piha o nā mea kanu lau no nā ʻuala wai.

Hiki ke hoʻohana ʻia nā kālena ma ke ʻano he compactors ma mua o ka lūlū i nā kukama a me ke kanu ʻana i nā hua kanu o nā tōmato. Hoʻokuʻu ʻia ka lau me ka lau lōʻihi o 6-8 cm, a ke poʻo nei i kahi i hele ʻia me kahi anawaena o nā poʻo o 8 cm. No nā māla ikaika, ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka lūlū lau o nā ʻano lāʻau Green Green a me nā ʻano Riga, a no nā ʻanoʻano kolala o Berlin i kapa ʻia ʻo Maisky.

Ke kolu o ke kue - mau māmala

Hiki ke hoʻohui pū me ke kolu ʻo ke kolu a hiki i ka hui. Ma kahi ʻāpana kahi mea kanu a me nā hua o ka ʻakaʻaka o ka pau ʻana, a ma ka lua o ka ʻōkala a me ka ʻīki momona i loko o kahi ʻano o nā ʻano. Hiki i kēlā māla prefabricated ke hoʻolako i ka ʻohana me ka hua hou i ka wā wela, a hana i nā ʻano kīʻaha no ka hoʻoilo. No ke kūkulu hema o CIS a me nā ʻaoʻao hema o Rūsia ma ka papa ʻaina. Hōʻike ka hiʻohiʻona 3 i nā ʻano like a me nā pōpoki o nā tōmato, ka hoʻonui ʻia a kiʻekiʻe loa, ke kuhi ʻana e pili ana i ka hoʻopili ʻana o nā trellises kaʻawale. Hōʻike kūikawā no waena o Rūsia, hāʻawi ʻia nā ʻano i hana i kahi mākeke kūʻai ke kūaiʻu ʻia i ka māka.

Palapala 3: Nā ʻano a me nā pōpoki o kamato no ka māla ʻana i nā wahi pāwi. Ke koho "NITSSSA", NIISH, Transnistria)

Nā ʻano kamala no ka Lūkini waena

No ka palena waena a me nā wahi no-chernozem o ka Lūkini Rūsia e kono ʻia no ke kanu ʻana i ka ʻāina ākea ʻano ʻōpala mua: Nastenka, Totem, Ephemer, explosion, cherry Winter, Raspberry pīhoihoi, Tsar Bell. ʻO ka mālama maikaʻi kiʻekiʻe (a hiki i 3 mau mahina) ke wehe ʻia e ka Black Iceberg, Vasilisa, Rococo, Baroque, Kuzya, Nolik, Tortila Lezhebok ʻano.

ʻO nā mea kanu ʻōmole kūikawā i hoʻohālikelike ʻia no nā ʻāina keokeo ʻaʻole wale nō hoʻi, akā nā kūlana ʻākau. ^ E Ha yM. Ke pale nei i ka hoʻohaʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa, loaʻa i ka hiki ke ulu wikiwiki i ka wā i hōʻino ʻia e ka pūnāwai wai, ʻaʻole pono e koi a garter, e hāʻawi i kahi hua kiʻekiʻe o nā hua a maikaʻi loa: Northerner, Yamal, Taimyr, Bullfinch, Wind rose.

ʻO nā kamiki o ka lohi ʻana ma mua i hōʻike ʻia e nā ʻano nui-fruited: Pink giant, King of Giants, Cow Ear (cluster-shaped inflorescence), De Barao, Buffalo Heart (nā hua a hiki i 1000 g), nā Tarasenko-6 honu (waʻa o nā ʻāpana 15-20) a me ka papa inoa nui o nā ʻano like ʻole a me nā hua.

ʻAʻole ʻōlelo ʻia nā Tomato o ka lohi ʻana no nā ʻāina anu o Rūsia. ʻAʻohe o lākou manawa e ʻāhū ai, ʻoiai inā e hoʻopili ʻia nā hua.

Nā ʻano ʻōpala a me nā hua wai i hua ʻuala

I ka ʻāina ākea, ulu nui nā hua manu i nā kola hema. Ma ka waena waena non-chernozem zone no ka kanuʻana i ka pā ākea, ua hōʻike ʻia nā ʻano mea ʻala mua: Dwarf ma mua o 921, Makuʻi, Violet dwarf, Maykopsky 15. ʻO ka wā mua, ʻo Vikar, Vera, ʻ Beautyleʻele, Hoʻolaha ʻulaʻula i kahi ʻano maikaʻi.

No ka hoʻolālā mahina kikowaena non-ʻeleʻeleʻeleʻele a ma Moscow kahi ʻāpana Ke koho ʻia: Donskoy 014, Simferopol 12/105, Crimean 714, Diamond.

Pēlā nō, no ka papa mua, ua ʻōlelo ʻia nā hua huli mea kanu mua: Purple Wonder F1, Hippo F1, Baghera F1.

Nā ʻano lōlepa ʻono

No ke kikowaena waena o Rūsia a me ka ʻaoʻao ʻākau i ke komohana, ʻōlelo ʻia nā ʻano mua - Prince Silver, ke aliʻi ʻulaʻula, alakaʻi o nā redskins. Mai nā māka waena waena o Bagira, Yatagan, Nastenka, Hercules, Arsenal i hōʻike ʻia e ko lākou ʻono a me ka hua. ʻO ka pepeiao wai.

ʻO ka moena ʻehā - beets

Kūkulu nā lālā i nā hui o nā mea kanu, me ka mālama ʻole, akā pono ʻia ma ka papaʻaina. Hāʻawi kahi lau i koho ʻia (zoned) ʻoi aku ka hapalua o ka kūleʻa i ka loaʻa ʻana o ka hua pīpī me kahi ola lōʻihi. E like me ka manawa o ka hōʻiliʻili (mai nā hua a hiki i ka hōʻiliʻili ʻia) ka hoʻokaʻawale ʻia i nā pūʻulu

• huina mua ʻano - 80-100 lā,
• nā makahiki waena - 100-130 lā,
• ʻōpala make - 130-145 lā.

No nā wahi me ke anuanu a me ke kiko waena o ka Lūkini Lūkini, i ʻōlelo like ʻia a nui a me ka hui ʻo Detroit i nā hua kanu maikaʻi, a ʻo ke ʻano ka mea hope ma ka mālama ʻana i ka maikaʻi. Hiki ke hōʻike ʻia iā Bordeaux a me Bona nā ʻano waena ma waena mua. Kūpono nā momona ʻono no ka mulatto a me ke anuanu-pale. ʻO nā ʻanoʻehā hope loa, ʻo ka mea maʻamau ka Single-sprouted a me nā mea hoihoi loa i nā hopena holeka Lūkini loa ma Tsilinra. ʻO nā mea kanu elongated, pale mai ka lepo ma o 2/3, wai momona, pulima momona, keʻokeʻo ʻulaʻula uliuli piha, mālama piha ʻia.

ʻO ka moʻalima ʻelima - kāloti

He mea paʻakikī ke hōʻaiʻē i ka waiwai o nā kaloti no ka olakino o ke kino. Aia ka nui o ka carotene, i hiki iā ia ke huli i loko o ka vitamin A i ka wā e nānā ai, hoʻoikaika i ka retina, a kōkua i ka hakakā pō. ʻO nā kalaka kahi huahana waiwai nui o ka hoʻonui hou i ke kino me nā huaora a me nā minela. Hoʻohana ia no nā pono lāʻau i ka hihia o ka hōʻemi o ka huaora, nā maʻi cardiovascular, arthritis, ate a me nā maʻi o ka maʻi, nā neoplasms malignant, dysbiosis intestinal, etc.

ʻO nā ʻano kāloti no ka ʻaoʻao waena a me nā ʻāina ʻo Siberian o Rūsia

No ka lūlū mua, ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā ʻano ʻehā a me nā huaʻi me nā hua kanu pōkole Alenka, Amsterdam, Bangor F1. ʻO nā hybrids F1, Ekspredo F1, Laguna F1, Kolorit F1, Karotel Parisian i hoʻokumu i ka hōʻiliʻili.

Mai nā ʻano waena waena a me nā huluhulu i kūpaʻa i nā haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa me ka maikaʻi mālama pono, Altair F 1, Viking, Kanada F1, Callisto F1, Losinoostrovskaya-13, Nanteskaya-4 a me nā mea'ē aʻe hiki ke kanu ʻia i loko o nā kauwela kauwela. Pono e nānā ʻia he ʻoi aku ka nui o nā huaʻai ma ka mālama ʻana i ka maikaʻi, ka hoʻopuka a me kekahi mau mea ʻē aʻe o ka maikaʻi o ka hua kanu.

ʻO nā ʻano lohi a me nā ʻōpala, Valeria-5, ʻuspio, Scarl, Perfection, Thing F1 ua mālama pono a hiki i ka pūnāwai. Hoʻohālikelike ʻia e kahi mea ʻike kiʻekiʻe o ka kaleta a me ke kō. ʻO Vita Logno, ka mea i hoʻohana nui ʻia e loaʻa i ka wai. Noi ʻia ʻo Yellowstone no ka kuke home, a ʻo Selecta no nā meaʻai pēpē. ʻOi aku ma mua o 200 mau ʻano o nā kāroti a me nā mea hoʻohuihui i bred a ua ʻike ʻia kēlā me kēia mea i ka maikaʻi.

Eono ʻaʻano - nā pīni

ʻO ka hōʻiliʻili hope loa ma ka hōʻiliʻili hua virtual he mau pīni. Hoʻuehu wau i nā pīni kumulāʻau i nā manawa he nui, hoʻomaka mai ka lua o ka makahiki o ʻApelila a me 25-30 mau lā. E hōʻoia ka huakaʻi no ka hōʻiliʻili ʻole ʻana o nā poli palupalu palu mai Iune a hiki i ka hopena o Kepakemapa. Hoʻomaʻemaʻe wau i ke koena o ka hua i hoʻokahi me ka hōʻala ʻana o nā ʻalā.

I ka hua mua a me ka ʻelua ua hoʻolaha wau i nā noke 7-8, a ʻo ke kolu a me ka ʻehā i ka 8-10. I ka huina, 30 ke 36 mau lāʻau ke loaʻa. E lawa no ka kuke ʻana i ka papa mua a me ka lua, kēne a me ka kuke ʻana i ka ʻehā. Aia ka ʻāina ma lalo o 3 a me 4 mau lūlū ʻia e ka hoʻopiʻi ʻana i nā mea kanu, no ka mea, hoʻōho ʻole ʻia lākou i Iune-Iulai.

Mai nā papa liʻiliʻi a me nā leʻaleʻa hiki iā ʻoe ke paipai i ka Swallow, Ingu, Hoʻomanaʻo o ka wahine hoʻokipa. ʻO nā kumulāʻau hua liʻiliʻi, nā ʻeke ʻōmaʻomaʻo ʻōlala i lahilahi i nā ʻano kīnā ʻole. He kūpono loa nā togi honua. Ma waena o Rūsia, ua hoʻohana maikaʻi ʻia lākou i loko o ka ʻūhā poʻohiwi, ʻoki i ka palaoa. Hiki ke hoʻohana i ka scapula ma nā ʻāpana ʻākau: Oil King, Borlotto, Black Jack, Sax.

Ma waena o ka māla ʻana, loaʻa nā ʻano hua ʻala like ʻole - Varvara, Oran, Lilac, Stanichnaya, Nerussa, Svetly, Generous, Belozernaya, Pale-motley, Ufa, etc.

No laila, e nā mea heluhelu aloha, ua hoʻopau ʻia ke ʻano papa hana theoretical o ka māla mua. Kahi i ka ʻike i loaʻa, ua kahele ʻia nā mea kanu o kāu moʻomeheu. Ua hiki mai ka manawa no ka hana mākaukau (ʻo ke kūʻai ʻana o nā hua, nā huahana ʻolua no ka pale aku i nā pōpilikia a me nā maʻi, nā mea kanu). E hoʻemi i ka helu o ka make, hoʻohāinu a me ka lole o luna (ma luna o kahi moe kaawale), e nānā i ka diary no kāu mau moʻolelo ma nā ʻano o kēlā me kēia ʻano, a inā he like ka wā like, e hoʻohui pū ai i nā lāʻau a me ka wai. ʻO ka ʻokoʻa ma 1-2 mau lā ʻaʻole e pili i ka hōʻiliʻili ʻana, a ʻo ka hana ka hapalua ka nui. Inā ua hoʻokaʻawale ʻia kou māla i nā moena a ulu nā mea kanu i laila, e nānā pono i ka pololei o kā lākou lawe ʻana a hana i ka hoʻoponopono ʻana ma mua o ka wā pau loa (e hoʻohuli i nā mea kanu). Ma hope o 2-3 mau makahiki, e loaʻa ai ʻoe i ka moʻomeheu kūpono, e emi iki ka lepo, a e hoʻomaikaʻi ka maʻi kino a me ke kino. Hoʻomaka ke piʻi a hoʻonui i ka nui o nā maʻi a me nā pōpoki.