ʻO ka hoʻololiʻana i nā wili i kahi hale pilikino e pono ʻia e ke kala. Hāʻawi ʻo GOST R 50462 i ka pane maikaʻi loa e pili ana i ke kelepona o nā kelepona .. akā naʻe, ʻaʻole maopopo ka hoʻomaʻamaʻa ʻana i nā laina uila o ka hana pilikino ke lawe ʻole ʻia me nā mea pono a lākou, akā me ka mea na lākou. ʻAʻole haʻi kēia ʻatikala i nā ʻano loea ʻenehana o ka mīkini kelepona. Hōʻike ka ʻikepili i ʻōlelo ʻia ma ke ʻano o ka pono e kuhikuhi pono ʻia e nā mea aʻoaʻo a me ke ʻano o ke ʻano o ka pani ʻole ʻana.
Hiki ke paʻi ʻia nā kelola i loko o ke aniani a hōʻailona ʻia paha me kahi ʻāpana lahilahi āpau ma ka insulate o ke kelepona holoʻokoʻa. ʻO nā hua kelepona ka mea hoʻoili i ʻelua mau kala.
Ke kala o ka hāhā a me nā ʻāpana keu i loko o ka mīkini komo
Hiki ke hoʻokō ʻia nā laina lako e hele ai i ka hale i nā ʻano he nui. Aia ke hilinaʻi āpau i ke ʻano o ke kaula. Inā paʻa ka helu hākahi hoʻokahi:
- Me kahi kīwī SIP ʻano, e loaʻa i kahi kāʻei manu ke kumu o ka laila (maʻa mau, melemele a ʻulaʻula paha). ʻEleʻele ka ʻehā kumu.
- Ma ke ʻano kabel AVVG a i VVG paha, he uliuli, keʻokeʻo, ʻulaʻula a ʻōmaʻomaʻo paha ke kumu.
- Pākuʻi uila KG - phase wire brown, zero - blue.
Inā loaʻa nā ʻano ʻekolu i ka ʻaina:
- Ma waho aʻe o nā kala ʻelua e ʻulaʻula a me nā ʻōmaʻomaʻo, uliuli a me nā ʻeleʻele ʻulaʻula ʻokoʻa o ke kaula SIP, a e ʻeleʻele ka kelepona.
- ʻO kahi uʻi o ke ʻano AVVG a i VVG paha e pale aku ka nilo o ka pale, a ʻo kekahi o ke ʻano ke hoʻohui i ka ʻulaʻula a me ka keʻokeʻo paha ʻeleʻele a keʻokeʻo paha.
- Pākuʻi uila KG zero - uliuli, ʻulaʻula a me ʻelua o ka mea hana - phase conductors.
Hoʻolaha pinepine nā huahana i nā mea uila e like me GOST, akā e like me nā kūlana loea. No laila, ʻoiai i kahi SIP lua ʻelua me kahi kīleʻele ʻeleʻele a me kahi ʻeleʻele ʻōlele e lilo iʻa. Ma ke kaula ʻeleʻele, kau ʻia kahi kila kila, e hana ana i ke kākoʻo ponoʻī o ke kelepona. Hoʻonohonoho ʻia ka ʻike i ka hale mai nā laina ma luna me kahi kaula VVG a KG ʻaʻole i ʻōlelo ʻia.
Kūleʻa i loko o ka hale
Ke lawe ʻia nei ka wailū i loko o ka hale e nā laina wale nō a me nā ʻāpana keleawe.
I loko o nā kaila uila i hoʻohana ʻia no nā pahuhopu kūloko, nā mākeke hana pono mau i uliuli!
Wahi a ka PUE, pono e kau ʻia nā laina o ka hale me kahi kumu hoʻomalu. I nā mea hana ʻekolu ʻekolu i hana ʻia e like me GOST, kūpono no ka hana o loko, ua kukui ʻōmaʻomaʻo-kaʻo ka ʻāina.
Inā palani like ke kumu o nā kelepona ʻekolu ʻekolu e like me ka PVA, a laila ʻoi aku ka palaki ke kumu. No nā wili hale o loko, ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā wili i hana ʻia me ka keleawe keleawe. Inā hōʻailona ʻia nā veins me nā kaula, a laila ʻo ka vein me ke kaula o kekahi ʻano koe wale nō ke aniani a me ka melemele-ʻōmaʻomaʻo he phase. Inā ʻole o ka mea ʻona e lawe i ka melekele-melemele, hoʻohana i kahi kondukula me ke kāʻei uliuli e like me ka lalo o ka ʻāina. Hiki i ke kaula ʻāina ke hōʻailona i ka melemele keʻokeʻo. I nā pale, nā kāwili o nā paʻi e paʻi nui ʻia, ke kīhaʻomaʻo keʻokeʻo.
ʻO eyeliner i ka lua kai uila
Hoʻohui ʻia kahi hale kaʻa uila no ka hale 220v i kahi outlet kūikawā me ka mana kiʻekiʻe. Loaʻa ke kala o nā veins i ʻulaʻula, ʻōmaʻomaʻo, a uliuli, ma ke ʻano he ʻula, ʻōmaʻomaʻo ka honua, uliuli ke kumu o ka pale. Aia kahi pohō i loko o nā lua uila a me nā hobs, kahi hoʻomohala hana haole i helu ʻia no 220 / 380v, hana ʻia ka pilina ma ʻehā conductors wire.
- polū a kūlohelohe;
- conductor melemele-ʻōmaʻomaʻo - grounding;
- uliuli conductor - phase A;
- brown conductor - ʻanuʻu B.
Ke hoʻopili ʻia i ka ʻenehana hoʻokahi, hiki iā ia ke hoʻohui i nā mea hoʻokele elele ma kahi hāmeʻa kūloko ma lalo o kahi pahu paʻi.
Kahi helu kūʻai
ʻO kahi mea hoʻomalu kūleʻa ke kelepona i pili i ke kikowaena waena (zero) o kahi ʻōnaehana uila. I ka lālani pili uila, he hui pū ia e hana ana a me ka pale ʻana i ka mea nāna i pale i ke kolikina ʻekolu. ʻO kaʻulaʻula o ke kelepona kūloko ke aniani me ka melemele-ʻōmaʻoma ma nā kihi a i ʻole ʻāpana āpau-ʻōmaʻomaʻo me nā uliuli ma nā kihi.
Ka hoʻolālā ʻana o nā wires, zero, honua
ʻO ka mākaʻikaʻi o nā wili ma ka ʻula, nā leka a me nā helu. ʻO GOST a hiki i ka 2009 ua wehewehe nui i ka hiki o ka hōʻailona ʻana i nā uaea. Mai ka makahiki 2009, ke nānā ʻia nei nā kūlana e pili ana i ka hoʻokaʻawale ʻana i nā kala a hoʻokaʻawale i nā nota ʻaʻole e mākaʻikaʻi i nā mea lawe. Ua hoʻākāka ka paila ʻano 2009 i ka ʻōlelo a hoʻohui i kahi helu alphanumeric. No nā kaula uila a hiki i ka 2009, ua hoʻohana ka waihoʻoluʻu maʻamau o nā conductors: melemele, ʻōmaʻomaʻo, ʻulaʻula.
I ka papa kikoʻī o nā koleke ʻekolu i ka lōʻihi o 1000 volts, hōʻailona ʻia nā mea lawe i nā hui pūlima:
- Phase A - L1, ʻ Yellowlelo - Palapala Honu.
- Hoʻonohonoho ʻia ka ʻeleʻele i ka lā B B - L2, ʻōmaʻomaʻo.
- Phase C - L3, ʻulaʻula - Hoʻomaopopo Kākau.
- ʻĀina polikika ka mea ʻalike.
- Hoʻohui me ka hana kolike me ka mea nāna e hana papaʻi - PEN, ʻulaʻula me nā ʻōlelo melemele-ʻōmaʻomaʻo - melemele-ʻōmaʻomaʻo me nā ʻōlelo aʻoaʻo polū.
- Kālai palaka - PE, melemele-ʻōmaʻomaʻo.
ʻAʻole e hoʻopili kēia hoʻohui ʻana i kahi kuhikuhi o ka rotation a i ʻole phasing.
Hōʻike ka kala i ka māhele a me ke ʻole
I nā laina hana hoʻokahi ʻole me ka mea kumu, ʻaʻole hōʻailona ke alakaʻi i ke kaina ʻulaʻula, i ʻole ka poli i ke aniani. ʻO ka hui pūʻana o ke kiko - ʻike ʻia ke keʻokeʻo, ʻōmaʻomaʻo ka pili o ka neʻe ʻana. ʻO ka hui maikaʻi loa me nā kala wili, 'āina,' āina, i ka honua i loaʻa i ka waihoʻoluʻu o nā conductors - keʻokeʻo, ʻulaʻula, ʻeleʻele.
Inā mākou e lawe i nā kūlana o ke kaʻana, pono ʻulaʻula, ʻeleʻele - ʻeleʻele ka kaula uila. Akā mai ka hoʻomaʻamaʻa ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi e hana i kaʻulaʻula a me ke keʻokeʻo. ʻO nāʻike, e ʻike ʻia nā mea lawe kino ʻole. Aia kahi pōʻino e kāwili pū ana i nā hanana a me nā neʻe ʻana e hana me nā mea ʻokoʻa like ʻole! ʻOi aku ka maikaʻi o ka hōʻailona ʻana i ka hopena o nā mea palauleʻa me ka mea paʻa e hoʻopili ai i nā kala maʻamau.
Hoʻomaopopo kaʻili kala kala no nā laina DC
Hoʻomaopopo nā alakaʻi o DC i ka hoʻomau ʻana penei:
- kūpaʻa maikaʻi - ʻulaʻula (ʻōlelo i ke keʻena ʻona ʻona);
- uliuli ka poli poʻo (ua ʻōlelo ʻia ka hina);
- ka mea hana kouru i loko o kahi moku DC i ʻekolu-uaea - wulu (mai ka 2009 ua ʻōlelo lākou i ka uliuli).
Hiki ke hoʻoholo maʻalahi i ka hoʻonaninaniʻana i nā mea kala ma ke kala. Nā kala maloʻo - nā kāʻei maikaʻi, nā kala mahana - maikaʻi. Inā nā mea kūʻai i ka mokulele DC-ʻekolu ʻekolu, ʻo nā laina o waho e like me ka kala like nā laina hāʻawi. ʻO ke kala e pili ai nā wili a me nā minus ʻaʻole i paʻi ʻia, pono e mākaʻikaʻi iā lākou me kahi mākaʻikaʻi alphanumeric.
ʻO nā kala o nā wili i nā electrics
ʻAʻole paʻa ʻo GOST. Hiki ke paʻi ʻia nā kelola i ka uliuli, uliuli, ʻōmaʻomaʻo, ka melemele, ʻulaʻula, ʻulaʻula, ʻoniʻula, poni, ʻulaʻula, keʻokeʻo, ʻulaʻula, ka ʻulaʻula. Hāʻawi ʻia i nā paleʻai i ka hoʻohana ʻia ʻana o ka melemele a me nā ʻōmaʻomaʻo.
ʻAʻole paha i loaʻa i ke kuli ka uha i hōʻailona ʻia i ka paʻi pālua, i hui pū me ka melemele a i ʻole hoʻi nā ʻōmaʻomaʻo me nā mea ʻē aʻe, koe wale nō kekahi conductor melemele-ʻoni.
Ke pale i ka hūnā, ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o ke kāʻei i nā ʻōpū wela e hoʻohemo nei i nā kala o nā kaila. Loaʻa ke kaulike 10-centimeter o ke kala i makemake ʻia. He kumuhana kēia manaʻo i loko o kēia ʻatikala a loaʻa wale kahi ʻōlelo e pili ana i ka loiloi e mahalo ʻia nā kānāwai āpau āpau no ka hoʻopili ʻana i nā hoʻoiho uila.
