Kū ʻo Kūleʻa ʻo Cherry Orchards

ʻO wai ka mea makemake ʻole i ka hua pua pua a pua, a ma hope o ka huki ʻana i nā hua ʻono ʻona mai nā lālā?

Ua lawe mua ʻia nā hua paʻani mua loa i ʻEulopa mai Asia Minor, a me nā mea momona mai Persia mai. Ua hānai ʻia nā Cherries ma Helene kahiko.

ʻAno, hoʻonui ka hua a puni ka Europa. He akua kekahi ʻo Slavs i kapa ʻia ʻo "Kearnis", i hāʻawi i ka hua lāʻau hua lāʻau. A ma Kelemānia, maoli a hiki i ka kenekulia hope, i ka wā e hoʻolaka ʻia ai ka Makahiki Hou, ua lawe mai lākou i loko o ka hale ʻaʻole i ka lāʻau Kalikimaka, akā he mea kanu i kanu ʻia i loko o ka ʻauʻau. Ua manaʻo ʻo nā mea kūʻai aku ma Rūsia i nā cherries kahi lāʻau mālama.

I kēia manawa ua hoʻolaha nā cherries ma ka honua holoʻokoʻa i ka 150 o kā lākou ʻano. I kekahi mau'āina, lawelawe nā cherries i ka moʻomeheu hortikolika, i nā mea ʻē aʻe he lei maʻalahi no ka māla a i ʻole ka māla.

ʻAno like nā ʻano o ka cherries. Akā ʻo ka laulā i mahele i nā ʻāpana ʻelua: bushy (a ʻo 3m kiʻekiʻe) a me ka lāʻau-e pili ana (e pili ana i 5-6m kiʻekiʻe). Hoʻoulu ʻo nā hua kanu Bush i ka hua mua i ka makahiki 2 ma hope o ke kanu ʻana i kahi hua kanu, hoʻonui nui lākou i ka pana pua, akā pōkole. Hānau wale nā ​​huaʻai lāʻau i ka makahiki 4, he mea momona nui lākou (e hānai ana i 15-20 kg) a ʻo ko lākou ola e pili ana he 20 mau makahiki.

ʻO nā ʻano hua cherry maʻamau e hāʻawi nei i kahi hōʻiliʻili paʻa, nā hoʻoilo-paʻakikī ke ulu a me nā wā ulu.

• "Vladimirskaya" cherry (ke kiʻekiʻe a 3,5m, ke kiʻekiʻe, ke keaka ʻana, nā ʻōmaʻomaʻoʻeleʻele, nā lau ʻulaʻele;
• ʻAmelika "ʻulaʻula (ʻōpiopio koho, ke kiʻekiʻe waena, nā ʻulaʻula ʻulaʻula me nā mea maikaʻi maikaʻi);
• "Lyubskaya" (ʻokoʻa ʻano, waena o ke kiʻekiʻe, hoʻohua nui loa, nā ʻulaʻula, ʻona;
• "Crimson" (stunted, ʻōpio mua);
• "Moscow Griot" (kiʻekiʻe, liʻiliʻi, hoʻopuni hua, huahana nui);
• "Zhukovskaya" (ʻo ke kiʻekiʻe waena, huaʻaila, nā hua ʻai ʻonaʻeleʻele);
• "Turgenevka" (pua pua, ulu pono, nā hua nui, ʻono a me ka ʻono.

Pono nā kanu i kanu ʻia e like me kekahi mau lula. No ka pae ʻāina, koho ʻia kahi wahi kiʻekiʻe, maikaʻi loa ka mālamalama maikaʻi. Makemake ʻo Cherry i nā ʻala chernozem, me nā hina, nā kala momona. ʻAʻole hiki iā ʻoe ke kanu i nā cherries i nā lepo acidic, no ka mea hiki iā ia ke hoʻemi i ka ulu ʻana o ka ulu. Hoʻomau ʻia ka hana Landing no ka hāʻule. Lae wale nō ka hana ma ka wai. Pono e kūleʻa ka hūlele me nā ʻāpana like ʻole: e like me ke anawaena o ka 80 cm, hohonu - 60 cm. Pono e kāwili ʻia ka lepo me nā minerala a me nā mea kanu huaola. Hoʻopiha ʻia ka lua 5-8 cm ma luna o ka pae o ka ʻāina, me ka neʻe ʻana a ka honua. Ma hope o ka instillation a puni ka seedling e hana i kahi anika e 5 cm ke kiʻekiʻe no ka inu ʻana i ka pōʻai. Hoʻokomo ʻia kahi papa lōʻihi ma ka ʻaoʻao o ka mea kanu a ua hoʻopaʻa ʻia kahi ʻona iā ia.

Kūleʻa ʻo Cherry i nā māla, nā aʻa ʻoki a me ke kāwili. Hiki ke hōʻiliʻili i nā wana mai kekahi lāʻau cherry, akā ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi ma ka eli ʻana i ke kumu mua. Ke hoʻomōhulu ʻia nei e ka ʻokiʻoki pakiaka i ka pūnāwai, ʻoki lākou i nā aʻa 0.1-1.0 m mai kekahi lāʻau pākeke, koho i nā aʻa ʻaʻole iʻoi aku ma mua o 1-1,5 cm ākea a he 15 cm lōʻihi; kanuʻia kēia mau hana lāʻau i nā hale ʻōmaʻomaʻo me nā wahi kiʻi kiʻi.

ʻO ka pīpī kahi ala ʻoi aku ka paʻakikī o ka hoʻolaha i nā cherries, e koi ana i kekahi mau mākaukau. Lawe ʻia ia i ka pūnāwai a i ke kauwela i ka manawa o ka kahe o ka sap. Ua ʻohi a hōʻiliʻili ʻia nā puna mai ka ʻāʻī a mālama ʻia a hiki i ke kauwela ma kahi wela o 0 tikelika (i loko o ka papahele, i loko o ka friji. Hoʻopili i nā ʻokiʻoki me nā ʻokiʻoki 2-3 e hoʻohana ana i nā kaʻina hana "lashing" ma hope o ke ʻano lāʻau a ma ka incision lateral.

ʻO ka mālama koʻikoʻi ka Cherry. I ka wā mua, pono ʻoe e hoʻokuʻu pono i ka lepo ma kahi o nā aʻa. Ma mua o ka wehe ʻana, e hoʻopili ʻia nā mea kanu nitrogen (calcium nitrate a me urea). Hāʻawi lākou i ka ulu maikaʻi a me ka pua nui.

Ua ninini nā lāʻau Cherry i ka pūnāwai ma ka nui o ka 3 mau pahu i ka lāʻau 1 (akā i kēia manawa wela). ʻO kēlā me kēia hoʻohālikelike i ka manawa ma mua o ka pua a me ka ulu ʻana o nā hua pua e hiki ke hele pū me ka hoʻoulu ʻana me ka minerala a me nā kolamu organik.

Hoʻokuʻu ʻia nā ʻōpio nui i kēia makahiki. No ka hana ʻana i kēia, ua ʻeli lākou i ka lepo a ʻoki i nā ʻōpala i ke kumu, ʻaʻole hoʻi e waiho i kahi iʻa, no ka mea, e hoʻomohala hou i nā pua a me nā ʻōpala mai ia.

I ka mahina o Iune, me ka wā maloʻo, ua hoʻihoʻi ʻia ka cherries. A no ka ʻohi ʻana i nā huaʻai a me ka waiho ʻana i nā hua ʻai, hiki iā ʻoe ke ʻōlelo hou i ka ʻaʻahu o luna o ke kaʻo o ke aʻa me nā mea kanu.

I ka wā e hoʻohou nei, ua kāʻei ʻia nā pūkuniahi kokoke-kolani, nā noi a nā kūmole (humus) Phate.

I ka mahina o ʻOkakopa, hoʻomaka lākou e hoʻomaʻemaʻe i ke ʻao a me nā lālā nui o ka pā iʻa, lichen. Hōʻalo ʻia nā kui ma kahi lāʻau me kahi hopena o ke keleawe a i ʻole ka pale keleawe a paʻa i ka var. Inā i kahi makahiki, puka mai nā hollows ma kahi ʻōpala lāʻau, a laila pono lākou i ka cement.

No ka hoʻoilo maikaʻi maikaʻi aʻe, ua uhi ʻia nā lāʻau i ka lepo, a i Nowemapa-December ka hehi ʻana lākou i ka hau ma nā loko o nā ʻili kokoke. I ka manawa like, pono e ʻokiʻoki ʻia nā ʻokiʻoki no ka hoʻōla wai ʻana.