I waena o nā haneli haneli o nā mea kanu i ʻike ʻia ma ka Honua, ma kahi o ʻumi tausani mau mea i manaʻo ʻia he mea make i ke kanaka. ʻOiai i ka kihi ʻehā o ke ʻano, ʻike ʻoe i nā mea kanu hiki ke pilikia. ʻOiaʻiʻo ʻaʻole pono ʻoe e makaʻu iā lākou, akā pono e ʻike a mahalo iā ia. Pono kēlā kanaka e hoʻokaʻawale i nā mea kanu maʻamau mai nā mea maʻamau a ʻaʻole i ʻike ʻole ʻia ka mauʻu a i ʻole nā hua mālamalama no ka pōʻino ʻole ʻia.
ʻO nā mea kanu make ua kapa ʻia nā mea kanu i loaʻa nā mea e pōʻino ai ke kino kanaka a me nā holoholona kūloko.
ʻO ke aʻo ʻana i nā mea kanu mea make, ʻaʻole wale ia mai ka manaʻo mai ka pale ʻana a me ka mālama ʻana i ka ʻōlelo hōʻawa a pale aku i ka hōʻeha ʻana i ke kino kanaka, akā e hoʻomaopopo pū i ka ulu ʻana o ka holoholona hihiu a hoʻoholo i ka pono o ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā mea kanu ololi e pili ana i nā mea kanu.
Liki ʻia hemlock (Conium maculatum). © Hornbeam ArtsʻO nā mea kanu pōpilikia i nā hopena ʻē aʻe o ke kanaka. Hiki ke hoʻopau i ka hōʻalo a i ka puhi ʻana i ka ʻili ma luna o nā lau. ʻO ka pōʻino e hiki ai i ka nāwaliwali, huki, nā ʻeha ma nā ʻāpana like ʻole o ke kino, ʻike ka ʻike a me ka lohe. Aia kekahi ʻokoʻa ʻē aʻe i ka manawa ma hope o ke kū ʻana o nā hōʻailona o ke ʻano make - i kekahi mau manawa kekahi mau minuke, i nā ʻōpio ʻē aʻe nā hopena o nā mea kanu lāʻau ma ke kino e ʻike ai ma hope o kekahi mau lā.
Nā mea make ʻole.
ʻAʻole pono nā mea kanu o nā mea make mai nā malihini mai ka ʻāina ʻē mai, nui o lākou e ulu ana ma waena o Rūsia, he mau mea āpau lākou a nānā pinepine ʻole iā lākou. Nā lau kāʻei ʻūhā (Kālā macileum) ua like like me ka pālolo, he ʻulaʻula ʻuala ma ka ʻōpala, ulu ia i loko o nā wastelands a ua manaʻo ʻia he mea kanu manu. A eia nō cicuta (ka mea make wai make) noho i nā ʻāina ma kahawai o nā loko a me nā kahawai, pinepine i ka wai. Ua kāwili ʻia nā ʻōtala i nā lau me nā leona liʻiliʻi a me nā umbrellas o nā pua liʻiliʻi keʻokeʻo.
ʻEhā nā mea make (Cicuta virosa). © Andrea MoroPoʻomanaʻo (Cicuta virosa) a i ole cicuta - kekahi o nā mea kanu maikaʻi loa, nā ʻāpana āpau, a me ka rhizome, i loaʻa ka cycutotoxin a me nā alkaloid ʻē aʻe. ʻO ka alkaloid i loko o ka hemlock ʻo ia ka ʻiʻo lio, ka mea e hoʻopuka ai i ka hopena like e like me ka huehue curare. ʻO nā hōʻailona o ka hona i kēia mau mea kanu, he mea hōʻoiaʻiʻo, he kūlana ʻike ʻole, ke ʻole e pau me ka hopu ʻana.
E hoʻopau paha ka pilikia ma ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka home yew Berry (Hoʻoiho kālā Baccata) ma kahi lāʻau lapaʻau. Hiki i nā holoholona ʻapaina ke aʻawaʻawa i nā lau ʻōpio i nā yew i loaʻa ka alkaloid o nā ʻauhau. Hoʻopilikia kēia alkaloid i ka ʻōnaehana sentral sentral.
Mai ka 1990s, ua hoʻohana ʻia nā lāʻau alkaloids yew no ka hana ʻana i nā mea antitumor i loko o ka lāʻau lapaʻau.
Pono o ka yew berry (Taxus baccata). © naturguckerKūkulu Castor-aila (Ricinus) ulu pinepine ʻia ma ke ʻano he makahiki papa hana. Ua like kona mau hua nui me kahi kūleʻa e like. ʻAʻole wale lākou he kumu o ka aila o ka castor, akā ua loaʻa pū i ka enzyme protein huakui - ricin, ka mea e hōʻalo ai i ka lolo.
Kila aila Castor (Ricinus komunis). © F. D. RichardsʻO ke ʻano a me ke ʻano o nā mea kanu mea ʻala i kekahi manawa e hāʻawi, a hūnā i kekahi manawa, ka pilikia e hoʻoweliweli iā mākou e pili pū ana me lākou. ʻO ka periwinkle pink a me nā colchicum poni e hiki ke pepehi i kahi kanaka. I nā ʻōpala Columicum autumnum (ʻAliʻula Colchicumhōʻiliʻili ka colchicine, aia nā hopena e like me ka arsenic. ʻO ka periwinkle he kakala, a i ʻoleCatharanthus pink (Kakāʻula rose), a he mea make ʻole ka Pink periwinkle, akā hoʻohana ʻia kāna mau alkaloid i ka lāʻau lapaʻau hou e like me ka antitumor agent.
Catharanthus pink, a i ʻole Pink Periwinkle (Catharanthus roseus). © ʻO Carl LewisI ʻaʻano (Daphne mezereum), ka mea e hōʻowalewale ana e hōʻiliʻili ai ma ke kumu o ka mea kanu, aia i ka daphnin glycoside a me ka mea laʻa mesinin reserine, kahi ma ka papa mua e hāwili i ka ʻāʻā ʻana o ka ʻāʻī ʻana i loko o ka ʻāʻī, ke ʻeha nui i loko o ka waha, nā ʻōpū a me ka ʻōpū o ka alelo. I kou mahalo ʻana i ka pūnāwai nā pua lilac o kahi daphne, mai haehae a ʻuwiki ʻole i kahi lāʻau me nā mea niho, he pōʻino loa kēia.
Daphne maʻamau (Daphne mezereum). © kras3Kōmole hua kukui Lilia o ke awāwa (Convallaria) he mau pilikia no kekahi. ʻO Glycosides Lilia o ke awāwa, digitalis, i kūʻai ʻia pili i ka kuʻi ʻana o ka puʻuwai, ka pūnao a me ka ʻōpū. ʻOiai ka wai i kahi pānaʻi kahi e kū ai kēia mau pua.
Lily o ke awāwa (Convallaria). © Irina DurnovaI ka hopena o ke kauwela i ka ulu coniferous hiki iā ʻoe ke hālāwai ʻiliʻeleʻele (Palisa) - kahi ʻeleʻeleʻeleʻele a me ka uliuli ma waena o nā lau nui. E mālama i ka hele ʻana ma ka ululāʻau, ʻaʻole lawe nā keiki i ka maka manuin no ka blueberries a i ʻole nā blueberries.
E makaʻala e pili ana i nā mea kanu me nā hua lahilahi a me nā ono, ke ʻole ʻike maopopo ʻoe i ke ʻano o nā mea kanu iā lākou!
He ʻehā mau lau ʻehā, a i ʻole ka maka manu i ka manu (Paris quadrifolia). © Ruud de BlockʻO ia ka alkaloids hyoscyamine, scopolamine a me ka wai wai hoʻoneʻe atropine, e hōʻāwili ai i ka hallucinations, delirium, palpitations puʻuwai a me ka dizziness. Ua hoʻohana ʻia kahi liʻiliʻi o kēia mau mea i nā wā kahiko no ka hōʻeha ʻana i ka wā o nā hana hōʻoki.
ʻEleʻele belena (Hyoscyamus niger), e like me ka wīwai, aia ma ka ʻohana nightshade. Hoʻoulu ia ma nā ʻaoʻao o nā kula a me nā kauʻai. ʻO ke kiʻekiʻe o kēia mea make hakahaka ma kahi o 1 mika, ʻike ʻia ka burgundy ma nā pua ʻalani. Ma hope o ka ulu ʻana o ka pua, ua ʻoki ʻia nā pulupulu keokeo me nā hua ʻōpū i ka pua. I ka poʻe e palu nei i kēia mau huaʻalā e hōʻoluʻolu i kahi hihā, hōʻuluʻulu lākou i loko o ko lākou waha, ua haʻi lākou i ka ʻōlelo a hoʻomoʻaleʻa i nā haumāna, hiki i ke ʻano noʻonoʻo. ʻO nā hōʻailona like like e like me nā hua ʻulaʻula. ʻeleʻeleʻeleʻele a pōhoulou pō.
ʻEleʻele Belena (Hyoscyamus niger). © Rolf MullerKe ulu nui nei nā konohiki a me nā wīlī Lāliʻikui dope, ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi ʻole o ka honi ʻana, a pōʻino loa ke hoʻopā aku i kāna mau pua. ʻO nā hua hua "dope - nā mea kanu" i loaʻa ka daturine alkaloid, aia pū kekahi i ka pete.
ʻO kekahi mau mea kanu mai ka ʻohana nighthade he pōʻino hoʻi: belladonna, magic mandrake, tapaa mai ʻAmelika Hema a me nā niu Peruvian.
ʻO Datura maʻamau, a ʻo Datura smelly (Datura stramonium). © NYSIPMHoʻopilikia i nā kānaka a hogweed, mai nā lāʻau ʻalalā hiki ʻole iā ʻoe ke hana i kahi paipa a he splatter paha. Hoʻopau nā hogweed i nā aila pono e hoʻopau i ka lā. Hana lākou i ka ʻili o ke kanaka a He lāʻau lāʻau o Caucasian a kua-ʻaoʻao lau oliva-ʻili.
ʻO nā mea laʻala a me nā palu he nui, hoʻoulu lākou i nā glycosides i nā pōʻino a me nā ʻaila koʻikoʻi e hoʻonāukiuki i ka ihu, līnx a me nā maka. A alakaʻi ka wai ʻaiʻai i nā hana ʻoi i loko o ka ʻōpū. I waena o nā kulekele he nui nā mea ʻalaʻawa: adonis, hellebore, mākaukau, lumbago, ʻO ka voronets spiky a me nā mea kanu e ae.
ʻEleʻeleʻeleʻeleʻeleʻele (Pulsatilla nigricans). © Adamu GorʻAʻole hiki i nā mea kanu olakino ke lawe wale i ka pōʻino, nui o lākou e pono. I ka lāʻau lapaʻau kānaka i loko o Rūsia, ma kahi o 160 o nā mea make nui ua hoʻohana ʻia.
Opium poppy, a i ʻole nā kīwī hiamoe (Papaver somniferum). © tanja niggendijkerHe paʻakikī paʻakikī e noʻonoʻo i kahi India maikaʻi nati cashew aia ka hue i kahi cardol o kahi mea make, mai hiki ke hōʻeha i nā ʻili o ke kanaka. Ma India, ua hoʻohana kēia mea waiwai i mea e pale ai i nā kūkulu hale i nā popo.
Ka hua ʻaʻa mango pono a ʻoluʻolu hoʻi i ka ʻono, akā ʻo ka ʻala o kona mau pua e hiki ai i kahi alerite i loko o ke kanaka. ʻO ka ʻili maikaʻi, nā lālā a me nā ʻala o ka lāʻau mango ka iha mai o ka mauka, e waiho i ka palaka a huʻu i ka ʻili.
Hiki iā ʻoe ke ʻino i kāu iho a hiamoe papaver. ^ E Ha yM. ʻO nā pahu momona ʻole a me ka poppy ovary e hoʻonā ʻia e ka waiū waiū.
Celandine piha hoʻi i ka waiū waiu, hiki iā ia ke hōʻā i ka ʻili. ʻO ka pilikia nui e lawe ai i ka wai celandine i ka wā e komo ai ka ʻōpū. Ke aʻo ʻia nei nā Celandine alkaloids i kēia manawa no ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka lāʻau lapaʻau me ka pale ʻana i ka ulu ʻana o nā tumors malignant.
Celandine nui (Chelidonium majus). © fifefloraPono e hoʻomaopopo ʻia ka hapanui o nā mea kanu mea ʻaʻole i waiho i kahi pōpilikia koʻikoʻi inā kahi pili pōpilikia me lākou. Hoʻokumu ka hapa ma ka hapa o kā lākou hoʻohana. Ma ke ʻano he kānāwai, e hiki ke hōʻona nā mea make inā hoʻohana ʻoe iā lākou no ka lāʻau lapaʻau ponoʻī, me ka ʻole o ka nīnau ʻana i ke kauka, e pili ana i ka ʻōlelo aʻo "nā poʻe ʻike."
He mau mana kupaianaha
Ua hoʻopili ka honua i nā pōhaku a me nā pua!
ʻAʻohe ʻano like o ka honua i ka honua
ʻAʻole ʻo ia e haʻaheo ai
ʻAʻole loaʻa ʻoe iā ia kahi kumu,
ʻAʻohe mea hewa iki.
He pono āpau wale, ma ke ala, a ʻaʻole ka manawa -
Loaʻa nā pōmaikaʻi āpau i ka hewa.
No ka hoʻohālikelike, nā pua pua:
Hoʻohana kekahi i loko o lākou, ʻaʻole maikaʻi kekahi.
He ʻala hōʻola nā mea ʻalani.
A i nā lau a me ke aʻa - ka wai ikaika loa.
Ka hoʻokaʻawale i kā mākou ʻuhane i ʻelua
ʻO ka ʻuhane o ka lokomaikaʻi a me ka makemake maikaʻi ʻole.
Eia naʻe, i loko o kahi e lanakila ai ka hewa.
ʻO ka make ʻeleʻele ʻeleʻele
"Romeo a me Juliet," William Shakespeare.
Unuhi ʻia e Boris Pasternak.
