ʻO ka mea kanu hua lāʻau hakahaka ʻo Calf (Caltha) he ʻelele o ka ʻohana Ranunculaceae. Hoʻohui kēia ʻano holoholona i kahi o 40 mau ʻano. Ua loaʻa mai ka inoa ʻepekema o kēia moʻomeheu mai ka ʻōlelo Helene, ma ka unuhi ʻana i ke ʻano o ka "ʻona" a i ʻole "bow", ʻo kēia pili i ke ʻano o ka pua. ʻO ka inoa Lūkini o kēia pua kahi i puka mai i ka huaʻōlelo Lūkini kahiko ʻo "Kaluga", i unuhi i ka "swamp" a i ʻole "puddle". I ka poʻe kānaka, ua kapa ʻia kēia pua ʻo ia kahe a wai. ʻO nā mea punahele kaulana loa o ka māla lawaiʻa. Ma ka nahele, hiki ke ʻike i kēia ʻano ma Mongolia, ma nā kuahiwi o ka ʻākoakoa o India, ma ʻAmelika Hui Pū ʻIa, Iapana, a aneane hoʻi i loko o ʻEulopa, i ka hoʻohui me nā wahi hema.
Nā hiʻohiʻona o Kaluga
Hoʻohui ʻia ʻo Marsh Kaluga ma ke ʻano he mea kanu. ʻO kēia ʻano he 2 mau puka lāʻau. ʻO ka pua lehuleka kalo ʻōlohelohe, ma ke ʻano he kānāwai, he pololei (luna a luna paha), ʻoi aku ka nui e moe ana. Aia ka kiʻekiʻe o ka mea kanu mai ka 0,03 a 0.4 m.Ko nā līpona he ʻano kulu, ua ʻohi ʻia ma nā hua. Loaʻa i nā papa pelekane piha ʻōlapa piha o kahi ʻōmaʻomaʻo ʻōmaʻomaʻo i hiki ke hoʻōla i nā puʻuwai a i ʻole nā puʻuwai puʻuwai, ʻo ko lākou kihi ka pā o ke kaona a ʻehā paha. Nā papa lemona basal, hōʻea i ka 0.2 m ma waena, loaʻa i nā petioles wai momona a kūpono ʻole. Sessile nā lau palaka. Kūleʻa ka lōʻihi o nā peduncles i nā sinuses o ka lau ma luna, a ke hanana kēia ma ʻApelila a Mei paha. Ma kahi o 7 mau pua o ka melemele, ʻeleʻele a i ʻole nā kalaʻulaʻula e ulu ana iā lākou, ma ke anawaena a hiki aku i ke anawaena o cm he cm he mau lau ka corolla o 5 mau ʻāpana lau, nona ka lōʻihi he 2.5 cm ʻO ka hua he lau lau nui. ʻO ka helu o nā lau laupili e like me ka nui o nā pahi, ma ka pua hoʻokahi, aia nā 2 a 12 mau ʻāpana. Ma kahi o 10 mau aniani ulu ʻeleʻele ʻeleʻele ʻōpala i loko o kahi lau. He wahi liʻiliʻi o nā pakanā i kēlā me kēia wahi o ka bog marsh.
Ke kāohi i waho o calendula
Kūʻai
No ke kanu ʻana i ka pipi, ua ʻoi ʻia e koho i nā māla a me nā wahi. Hiki nō hoʻi ke kanu ʻia ma kahi mākaukau ma lalo o kahi kumulāʻau papakai akā naʻe, e hoʻomaopopo ʻia i ka wā o ka pua ʻana e pono ke loaʻa i ka mea kanu ka nui o ka māmā. Māla ka ʻāina a ka ʻāina kanu. Hiki ke kanuʻia o Kaluga i ka ʻāina maloʻo, akā ma kēia hihia pono ia e hoʻokomo ʻia. Pono ke kanu i nā hua kanu i ka ʻāina ākea i ka wā mua a i ka wiki mua paha, he lōʻihi ka lōʻihi o 0.3 m e pono e ʻike ʻia ma waena o lākou. adapta ma kahi hou.
Ka mālama ʻana i ka Kaluga ma ka māla
Kūpaʻa ʻo Kaluzhnitsa i ka hau a me ka hoʻomālamalama. ʻO ka mea nui i ka mālama ʻana iā ia ka wai. Pono e ʻōhumu pono a lawa, ʻoiai e pono e hoʻolilo ʻia e noʻonoʻo pono ka lepo ma ka pūnaewele. Pono ka ʻōnaehana o ka honua a puni ka lāʻau, a pono e hana ʻia nā lau me ka manawa. Pono nā mea kanu i ka lole 2 a me 3 paha i ka manawa o kēia manawa, no kēia mea hoʻohana lākou i nā minerala mineral paʻakikī. Kekahi manawa āpau a 3 paha mau makahiki he lawe ʻia ka hua kinipōpō, kahi i māhele ʻia ai kona mau aʻa. ʻO kaʻoiaʻiʻo ke hiki i kēia mea kanu ke ulu wikiwiki i ka nui o nā makahiki, no ka mea ua nalowale nei i kāna ʻano kupanaha.
Hoʻopili
No ka hana hou ʻana o kēia moʻomeheu me ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā hua, me ka waiho ʻana hoʻi, hiki iā ʻoe ke hoʻokaʻawale i ka lāʻau. Ma ka kaluga, aia ke kahua o ka aʻa ma ka lani, i kēia ʻike, hoʻokaʻawale i kahi lāʻau mai ka ʻāina maʻalahi. Hana i kēia i ka hoʻomaka mua o ke kō a i ke kau mua paha. Pono ka māhele ʻili ʻia i ka ʻāpana mau, e wāwahi ana me kou mau lima, he maʻalahi wale kēia. Ma hope o ka ʻokaʻawale ʻana o ka lāʻau, kanu ʻia ka delenki ma kahi kū mau, ʻoiai e hoʻomākaukau pono ʻia nā mea kanu fossae a i ʻole nā ʻōpū. Pono e nānā i kahi mamao o 0.3-0.35 m ma waena o nā kumuika. A ʻōlama ʻia lākou hoʻi no ka manawa mua mai ka lā mai ka hema.
Hoʻomoe ma ka waiho ʻana
I mea e hoʻolaha ai i kēia pua ma ka layering, pono ʻoe e kau i kāna mau pua ma ka pā o ka ʻāina, a i ko lākou hoʻoholo ʻana, ua pīpī ʻia lākou ma luna o ka ʻāina momona. I ka wā mālama, pono ka lawena ʻaila maʻamau a me ka lole o luna, a me kahi mea kanu pākeke. Me ka hoʻomakaʻana o ka manawa puna, pono ia e ʻokiʻoki i nā rosettes liʻiliʻi me nā aʻa i kūkulu ʻia ma nā papaha. Ma hope o kēlā e pono ai lākou e hoʻopaʻa ʻia i kahi paʻa.
Hoʻōla pālaʻi
ʻAʻole kaulana nui ke ʻano o nā hua loina, no ka mea ua lilo nui ka hua ma kahi palena. He mea maʻalahi loa ia e loaʻa kēia mea kanu i ka ulu lāʻau a me ka hoʻololi i kāu māla lāʻau. Eia naʻe, i ka mua o ka hua hou, hiki iā ʻoe ke ho'āʻo e ulu i kahi calendula mai laila. Ua lulu hū ʻia nā huaole ma hope o ko lākou hōʻiliʻili ʻana, ma ke ʻano he lula ʻana, ua hāʻule kēia manawa ma Iune a pono e puka mai nā mea kanu i ka hopena o ke kauwela. Inā pau ka lulu ʻana i ka hoʻoilo, pono e kali ʻia nā hua i hoʻoili ma hope wale nō. I ka pūnāwai, ua lulu ʻia nā hua i loko o kahi pahu a i ʻole pahu paha, ma hope o ka hua ʻana e pono ai ke kuhi ʻia i nā hana. No ka hana ʻana i kēia, e mālama ʻia lākou no nā hebedoma ʻehā ma kahi mahana o 10 tikelē, ma hope o ko lākou kau ʻana iā 8 mau wiki i kahi mahana (mai ka 18 a 20 mau degere). Ke hele ʻana ka papa hope loa, pono nā pua mua. Hāpai ʻia nā hua kanu ikaika a ikaika i ka māka hūnā. Hōʻike ʻia ka pua mua i loko o nā lāʻau like ʻole i ka makahiki ʻelua a ʻekolu paha o ka ulu ulu ʻana.
Nā maʻi a me nā pōpoki
He kiʻekiʻe ke kūʻē o kēia lāʻau i nā maʻi a me nā pōpoki like ʻole. Inā ke nānā pono ʻia ka mea kanu a pili pono i nā lula o ka ʻenehana mahiai o kēia mea kanu, a laila ʻaʻole pono ia e hoʻopilikia i kahi māla lāʻau. Pono e mālama i ka nānā nui. Inā ʻaʻole e loaʻa nā lāʻau kūpono i ka nui kūpono o ka wai, a laila hoʻomaka lākou e makemake.
Nā ʻano a me nā ʻano o ka kaluzhnitsa me nā kiʻi a me nā inoa
Kekahi hilo (Caltha palustris)
E like me ka mea i ʻōlelo ʻia ma luna, ʻo ka mea i kaulana loa ma waena o nā māla ʻo nā ʻano a bog (Caltha palustris). Hiki ke ʻike i ka wehewehe kikoʻī o kēia ʻano ma ka mua o ka ʻatikala. E loaʻa wale ana kēia mau pua lāʻau he 2, nā pua ka papalua, a he kekā ka melemele a keʻokeʻo. Hoʻohana iki ka mea kanu i nā ʻano kaluga ʻē aʻe, no ka laʻana:
Duoden Kaluzhnitsa (Сaltha fistulosa)
Ua ʻōlelo ʻia kēia ʻano ma Sakhalin-North Japanese endemic. ʻO ia kekahi o nā mea ikaika a nani o ka marigold. ʻO kona kūlohelohe, pohō a me nā hua mānoanoa, ke ulu wale nei o nā mea kanu he kiʻekiʻe ma kahi o 0.2 mika. Eia nō naʻe, i ka wā e ulu ai ka hua, hiki iā lākou ke kiʻekiʻe o kahi 1,2 mika. ʻO nā paepae lau a me nā kāwili lapuwelu a me nā peʻa he lōʻihi nā petioles. ʻO ka hoʻonohonohoʻana o nā pua inflorescence e loaʻa i nā pua melemele nui saturated, ma ke anawaena a hiki i 70 milimita. Massally, ke ulu nei kēia ʻano ma nā lā hope o Mei.
Lapa-petal kamela (Caltha polypetala = Caltha orthorhyncha)
ʻO nā ʻāina maoli o kēia ʻano nui, ʻo ia nā wahi a nā ʻāina subalpine a me nā alpine o nā mauna Caucasus a me ʻAsia. ʻO ka kiʻekiʻe o ka lāʻau kahi ma ka 0.15-0.3 mika. Loaʻa nā pua melemele-gula ma kahi a ma kahi o ke 80cm. Hoʻopau kēia mau mea kanu ma Mei a me Iune.
