Pono kēlā me kēia hana o ka mea kanu i ka hoʻohana pono ʻana o nā mea kanu. ʻAʻole lawa ka paʻa ʻana o ka ʻike i ka ʻāina, no ka mea, he nui nā kānaka noho o ke kauwela e hoʻohana i nā kolamu mineral.
Kū lākou lākou ma waena o nā ʻano mea e hiki ke loaʻa, no ka mea he nui o nā waihona. ʻO ka mea nui ka loea mineral e hoʻolako ai i ka mea kanu i nā mea waiwai i ka manawa o kahi manawa kūikawā o kona hoʻomohala ʻana. I ka wā ulu o ka mea kanu, pono ke loaʻa ka nui o ka haukika, a ma ka wā o ka pua a me ka hua ʻana, pono ʻia ke pālala a me ka fosfor.
Hele mai nā minima mineral i nā ʻano ʻelua:
- Kūleʻa (mau granule a pau paha). Ua hoʻopili pololei ʻia lākou ma ka lepo. No nā māla māla, ʻoi aku ka ʻoi loa ma ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā mea paʻahana. No nā pua pua a me nā hale hale, he lāʻau manamana ʻoi ʻia ke hoʻohana ʻia. Hiki ke hoʻopili ʻia ka pauma me ka hoʻomāwīwī ʻana i ka lepo.
- Kūʻai (ammonia, wai wai amonia). Hoʻololi koke ʻia i loko o kēia palapala ma mua o ka noi ʻana i ka lepo. ʻO kekahi waiwai wai i hana mua ʻia e lilo i nā waiwai pono ʻole. Hōʻike ʻia ia e ka ninini ʻana a puni ka mea kanu.
ʻO ka heleʻana o nā minela mineral i nā ʻano like ʻole e hiki ke hānai i nā mea kanu i ka manawa hoʻomohala e pono ai no lākou.
Pālā wai kōwai no nā mea kanu o loko
No ka ulu maikaʻi, hoʻolālā, hoʻoulu a me ka hua ʻana, pono nā mea kanu o loko.
Hoʻokaʻawale a maʻalahi me ka mini-fertilizers.
- E maʻalahi ka mea maʻalahi i kā lākou mea hoʻokalakupua kekahi o nā mea nui loa: ka fosfor, magnesium, nitrogen, potassium.
- Loaʻa nā mea kanu paʻakikī i ka nitrogen, potasi a me ka phosphorus i ke ʻano o nā pūhui kemika like ʻole, kahi i hāʻawi ʻia i ka ulu wikiwiki o ka mea kanu.
Kuhi ʻia nā mea kanu mineral no nā mea kanu o loko e kūʻai ai i nā pahu hale, ma ke ʻano o kahi hopena a i ʻole MDS (lohi ka lohi pūnaehana).
No kahi helu liʻiliʻi o nā mea kanu lālani, hiki iā ʻoe ke kūʻai koke i kahi pālahalaha piha piha ʻana. Inā nui nā mea kanu, e ʻoi aku ia ma mua o ke kūʻai ʻana i nā kolala maʻalahi i loko o kahi pahu nui, a hui pū i ka paʻakikī o nā mea kanu me kou mau lima ponoʻī.
ʻO ka mea nui nui o nā minerala mineral no nā mea kanu o loko nā mea e pili ana i ka kemika. ʻO lākou ka mea e hiki ke hāʻawi i nā mea kanu i nā mea e pono ai no ko lākou ola.
ʻO kahea minerala maikaʻi loa no nā ʻuala?
He mea makemake no ka hoʻonui ʻana i ka nui o ka hua kanu ko kāna hāʻawi ʻana me kahi paʻakikī o nā mea kanu. Ma muli o nā noi noi o ke kikowaena, hiki ke loaʻa i ka ʻike he nui e pili ana i ka pilina o nā kōmala mineral me nā ʻuala, a me kā lākou hopena ma ka nui o nā hua a me ka loaʻa o nā hua.
Kūleʻa nā kiʻekiʻe o ka ulu a me ka hoʻomohala ʻana i ka mea kanu i ka wā e hānai ai ka lepo me ka potash a me nā fertilizers mineral phosphoric. Hāʻawi pinepine lākou i kā lākou ʻike i ka ʻāina i ka hopena maikaʻi a me ka hōʻiliʻili maikaʻi.
ʻO ka lepo, kahi mea liʻiliʻi i ka paʻakai, e hiki ai iā ʻoe ke hoʻonui i ka hoʻonui a hiki i ka 20 kilograms.
Manaʻo ʻia nā kamaʻāina o ke kauwela e hoʻohana e like me nā kōmala mineral no ka ʻuala, ʻike ʻia nā paʻakai pākēneka (pākēneka 40%). I kēia mea, ʻo ka potassium nitrate e lilo i mea kanu maikaʻi no ka ʻuala.
No nā kalepona mua, ua hoʻopili ʻia kahi paʻakikī o ka potash a me ka phosphorus fertilizers i ka lepo paʻa i ka hāʻule ʻana ma hope o ka hōʻiliʻili ʻana, ma mua o ka lawaiʻa. Pālaʻi ʻo ka mea hoʻopuʻi a puni ka māla. Ma nā pāpū one, inā ʻaʻole hiki ke hoʻokuʻi a hāʻule i ka hāʻule, e hoʻopili koke ʻia ma mua o ke kanu ʻana (ua hoʻohana ʻia ka superphosphate ma ke ʻano he puna kūmato, a hoʻohana ʻia ka pālehu nitrate ma ke ʻano he potasiuma). Hoʻonui ka Phosphorus i ke kukuna o ka kōkani i nā ʻuala.
Nā nitrogen fertilizers (sodium nitrate, urea, lime-ammonium nitrate, ammonium sulfate) hoʻonui i ka hua i 3 kg / m2, ke kau ʻia i ke ʻano o ka mea kanu.
I mea e hoʻoholo ai pehea ka pili ʻana o ka hoʻohana ʻana o nā kōmala mineral i ka hoʻonui ʻana o nā hua i kekahi ʻāina, pono ia e hoʻopili i nā ʻano like ʻole. ʻO ka pāʻina paʻakikī o nā mea kanu e like me ka superphosphate, potassium nitrate a me kahi hoʻohui nitrogen (koe wale nō no Urea) e hāʻawi i kahi papaʻai piha i ka pāʻaiʻai meaʻai.
Nā ʻano hua pākēnē paʻakikī
Hoʻopili kahi ala kūpono i ka hoʻomuʻu ʻāina i ka hāʻawi ʻana i nā mea kanu me nā mea kūpono a pau a pono. ʻO ka minamina o ka minamina kekahi mea hoʻohui i loko o ke ʻano o nā paʻakai e hoʻohana ʻia ai e nā poʻe noho kauwela e hānai i nā mea kanu. Na kēlā me kēia ʻano āpana o ke aila no ke hoʻonui ʻana i kekahi mau waiwai o ka mea kanu i nā manawa a pau o kona hoʻomohala ʻana. No laila, ʻo nā hui pū ʻana o kekahi mau manina mea kūpono loa no ka hoʻomohala holo i ka mea kanu.
I kēia mau lā, aia kekahi ʻano paʻakikī o nā minuke mineral:
- Nitrofoska. Hoʻohana ʻia ia e hoʻokuʻi i ka lepo o nā kumulāina a me nā huaʻai māla. He ʻōnaehana kūʻokoʻa kēia, kaupaona ka mea e pili ana i ka 19% phosphorus, 11% potassium oxide, a hiki i ka 17% nitrogen. Aia ka palena no ka ʻāina - 80 g / m2.
- Nitroammofoska. Hoʻohana ʻia ia i kekahi mau mea mahi ʻai. ʻO ka pupuk kaulike kūpono, aia kahi: 13% nitrogen, 17% potassium a 17% acid phosphoric. Hāʻawi i ka lepo i ka 50 g / m2.
- Hoʻopono. Hoʻohana ʻia ia i ka lepo i ka pūnāwai ma lalo o nā mea kanu ʻai āpau, i ka wā mahiʻai. Aia ka diammophos i ka 18% nitric a me 46% waikawa phosphoric. 1 mika uʻi kaona2 ʻo 30 g
- Ammophos. Hoʻolaʻa koʻikoʻi nā mea he 10% nitrogen a me 52% phosphorus. ʻO ka helu o ka palapala ʻāina he 20 g / m2.
Lawe mai nā minelala āpau i nā pono kūpono i nā mea kanu. Mahalo i ka hoʻohana ʻana o ia mau mea make, mea hiki iā ia ke hāʻawi i nā mea ola i ka manawa kūikawā o ko lākou ulu ʻana. ʻO ka hāmeʻa maikaʻi loa e hiki ai iā ʻoe ke hāʻawi i ka mea kanu me ka nui o nā mea pono e pono ai ʻo ka loiloi mineral paʻakikī.
