ʻO kahi mālama kanu hua hoʻoilo

ʻO ka paukū hana. Mākaukau ka māla no ka wā e hiki mai ana. ʻO ka wā e hoʻomākaukau no ka hana ma ka puna, e ulu ana nā mea kanu, lūlū i nā hua kanu mua ma ka hamama, nā hale ʻōmaʻomaʻo a me nā hale ʻōmaʻomaʻo. I ke ahiahi o nā hoʻoilo, ma lalo o ka ua o ka ua ma ke kūkulu hema a i ʻole ka hoʻoilo i waena o nā waena a me ke kūkulu ʻākau, hiki iā ʻoe ke hana i nā hua.

Nā mea kanu ʻaiā.

E like me ke kānāwai, i ka hopena o ka hopena o ka hopena, i ka hopena o ka hōʻiliʻili āpau, ke hōʻuluʻulu a nā poʻe noho kauwela a me nā māla i kahi papa hua, e nānā i nā pūnaewele i manaʻo ʻia no nā ʻano varietal i manaʻo ʻia a i ʻole nā ​​mea kanu, a koho i nā mea kanu a lākou i makemake ai e like me ka wehewehe a me nā moʻolelo o ko lākou hoalauna no ke kūʻai ʻana a me ka lūlū ʻana. E hoʻomanaʻo! ʻO ka mālama pono ʻana paha, nā hua hua e hoʻokō i nā hua māla o nā hua ola. No laila, pono e familiarize iā ʻoe iho ma mua o ka loli ʻana o nā kaʻina biochemical i loko o nā hua i ka wā e waiho ai, nā huaʻōlelo a me nā kūlana o ka mālama ʻana, ka lōʻihi o ka hoʻokele waiwai o ka nui o nā hua like. ʻO ka hōʻemi o nā rula hoʻokae e alakaʻi i ka pohō nui o ka kō, e hōʻino ana i nā maʻi like ʻole a me ka hopena, he hopena haʻahaʻa maikaʻi ʻole me nā mea kiʻekiʻe a me nā kumukūʻai hana.

ʻO nā kaʻina biochemical i nā hua i ka wā e waiho ai

Hoʻomaʻamaʻa nā hua ma waena o ka ola a me ka lōʻihi o ka hoʻokele o ka hiki ke kō. ʻO ka lōʻihi o ka ola biology ka mea nui loa o nā poʻe ʻepekema ʻepekema, akā mau ka makemake o ka hoʻokele waiwai i nā poʻe hoʻomaʻamaʻa. He lōʻihi ka lōʻihi o ka hoʻokele waiwai e hoʻoholo i ka hoʻonui ʻia ʻana o nā hua, e hoʻohemo ai i nā koina o ka mālama.

ʻO nā kumu o ka nalo ʻana o ka hoʻoulu

Kuhi ʻia nā kumu nui o ka nalowale o ka liʻiliʻi o ka mea kanu e hoʻonui i ka makū mea e pono ai nā hua a me nā ea, ʻoi aku hoʻi ka nui o ke ea i loko o ka lumi i waiho ai nā hua.

Kūpono loa nā ʻano. Hiki iā lākou ke hoʻokaʻawale iā lākou i ka ea kai mai ka lewa a hoʻokuʻu i ka wai ʻōpū i loko o ke kaiapuni. Ma lalo o nā kūlana kūpono, ʻo ka equilibrium maikaʻi "hoʻomaha" o nā hua kūpono i loko (e like me ka nui a kāna i hāʻawi ai, lawe nō ia i kēlā). ʻO ka pae o ka pēpē o ka pēpē e pili ana i nā hiʻohiʻona o ka hua a me ka hoʻoholo ʻia e nā ʻikepili o ke kō a me nā momona momona i loko o ka hoʻopili ʻana, ka nui a me ke kūlike o nā hua. I ka wā o ka hoʻohuihui ʻana o nā hua i loko o 6-12%, huihue ko lākou hanu ʻana. ʻO ka hoʻonuiʻana i ka hoʻohaʻahaʻa o 1-2% e hoʻonui pinepine i ka nui o ka hoʻonāukiuki o nā hua a me ko lākou wela. Hoʻomaka nā kaʻina hana biochemical, kahi e hoʻohemo ai i ka nalo o ka maloʻo. ʻO ka hopena, ua hoʻemi nui ʻia ka germination, ulu nā hua i ʻaʻa ʻia, hiki ke ʻoki a make, a i ʻole hōʻemi ʻia ka nui o ka hoʻoulu. No ka laʻana, i ka kāpeti, kahi piʻi o ka wai huaʻai ma o 2% mai ka opt optates e hoʻokele ana i ka hanu e 27 mau manawa, a me 4% - e 80 mau manawa. Aneane hoʻomaka nā huaʻaila e ulu i ka inopportune a make, ʻoiaʻiʻo. ʻO ka mahana mālama mālama pono loa no ka hapanui o nā huaʻai mai ka ʻohana o ka cruciferous, maukami, a me ka nighthade i manaʻo ʻia he 10-12 ° C me kahi hoʻomanee pili i loko o ka lumi ʻaʻole iʻoi aku ma kahi o 60%. No nā māka o ka ʻohana umbellate, celery, lilac, paukena, kekahi cruciferous a me nighthade i ka wā o ka waiho ʻana, me ka ʻole o ka loli ʻana, ke haʻahaʻa ka haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa e 50%. ʻAʻole nalowale nā ​​hua malo maikaʻi maikaʻi i kā lākou mea kanu a mālama pono i ka home i ka mahana mai + 1ºС a -5ºС.

Nā ala e mālama ai i nā hua

Mālama ʻia nā hua a wehe a pani ʻia.

I ke ʻano wehe Mālama ʻia nā mea kanu no ka manawa holo o ka mālama i loko o kahi pahu e hiki maʻalahi ai ke hoʻomalu a me ka ea i nā hua. ʻO nā ipu wai, nā mea i hana ʻia i nā lole kūlohelohe - lino a i ʻole jute, i mea ʻia i 1-2 mau papana (nā ʻeke, nā ʻeke, nā ʻeke, a me nā mea hou aku).

Me ke kumu paʻa mālama (ʻoi aku ia ma mua o ka maʻamau) ua kau ʻia nā hua i loko o kahi pahu wai. ʻO ka palupalu mālamalama he 2 pā. Kahi ʻia nā ʻāpana i ka lole a me nā liner o loko he polyethylene. ʻAʻole eʻoi aku ka hohonu o ka umauma o nā hua i nā polileta polyethylene ma mua o 6-9%. ʻO ka liner polyethylene me nā hua lili e hoʻopaʻa paʻa i ka pale ʻana i ka komo ʻana o ka umu, a paʻa a loulou ʻia ka papale luna ma nā pepeiao pepeiao.

Aia ma kahi e mālama ai i nā hua ma ka home?

I ka home, mālama pono ʻia nā hua i loko o nā ʻeke pepa mānoʻu i waiho ʻia i loko o nā pahu pepa a i ʻole nā ​​pahu liʻiliʻi. ʻAʻole waiho ʻia nā hua kanu i waiho ʻia i loko o nā pā i kūʻai ʻia, hoʻopili pono ʻia a pale ʻia mai ka umu. No kā lākou mālama, ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o ka ninini ʻana i kahi palaoa maloʻo nui, ka māka palaoa a i ʻole nā ​​mea ʻohu wai e hoʻomoʻa ana ma ka lalo o ka ipu aniani. E kau i nā peke i kāpīpī ʻia ma luna a pani paʻa i ka uhi.

ʻOi aku ka maikaʻi e mālama i nā hua ma luna o ka pahu o lalo o ka friji a i loko o kahi lumi hoʻokaʻawale ʻē aʻe. ʻO kekahi mau hua maloʻo maikaʻi (dill, fennel, kāloti, pāhala, lettuce) mālama maʻalahi i nā ipu aniani. I loko o nā peke pailima kūpaʻa, ma hope o 1-2 mau makahiki e oki loa ana nā mea kanu a nalowale i kā lākou ulu kūlike a make ʻole paha.

ʻO ka wā hoʻoulu

Hoʻokomo ʻia ka noho ola o nā hua kanu ma ka lula me ka inoa, makahiki o ka hōʻiliʻili, papa. Pono kēia mau ʻōlelo e loaʻa i nā hua piha o ka piha, no ka mea ke mālama ʻia nei no ka nui o ka manawa i ʻōlelo ʻia, ua hoʻēmi ʻia ka hōʻiliʻili, a he haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa loa nā mea kanu mai nā mea ʻino.

Kuhi ʻia ka papa i ka hōʻailona i ka nui o ke kō o ka ʻenemi hua ʻōlelo. ʻO nā hua o ka papa mua ke kiʻekiʻe kiʻekiʻe o ka hoʻoulu ʻana, ʻo ia ka 60-95% i nā mea kanu like ʻole. Nā kiki o ka papa lua - 40-85%. E kōkua ka hapalua o ka hiki i ka mea kanu i ke kūkaʻikepili me ka maopopo o ka hoʻokaʻawale ʻana o ka hua.

Me ka mālama pono ʻana, mālama ka hua aila i ka nui o ka hōʻola e hiki ai i kēia mau manawa:

• 1-2 mau makahiki: celery, chives, parsnips, palaoa, bawang, leeks
• 2-3 makahiki: lovage, pāhala, kumo, spinach, sorrel, leek, coriander,
• 3-4 makahiki: huele, kārototi, ka ʻalani maikaʻi, ka ʻalaʻeleʻele, ka fennel, ka pī,
• 3-5 makahiki: kohlrabi, turnip, beets, cauliflower, hua manu,
• 4-5 mau makahiki: kamato, kaʻaila, ʻupena, rutabaga, kāpeti keʻokeʻo, broccoli,
• 4-6 makahiki: nā pi, nā pua,
• 6-8 mau makahiki: nā kukama, ʻuma, zucchini, nā melona, ​​nā wai wai.

ʻAʻole ke kaupalena ʻia ke ola o ka papa e hōʻike ʻia ana (ka ʻōmaʻomaʻo) a me ka mea kanu ʻai. No nā hua maloʻo maikaʻi loa, ʻaʻole weliweli nā ʻōnaehana like ʻole, akā inā kiʻekiʻe ka haʻahaʻa o nā hua ma mua o ka koʻikoʻi, a laila ma nā haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa e hoʻohiki nā mea kanu ma muli o ka heʻe ʻana o ke kuʻi ʻana o ka respu (ʻoi aku ka nui o ka mea hiki iā lākou ke hāʻawi) a laila e emi nui ka lōʻihi o ka hua ʻōlelo. Ma lalo o nā kūlana mālaʻi, hiki i nā hua ma ke kau manawa i hakahaka ʻia ke mālama i ka kūlohelohe no kahi 3-5 hou, a me kekahi (mau kāmala) 10 mau makahiki.

He mau moʻolelo

Pono e hoʻokomo koke i nā hua i kūʻai ʻia i ka hoʻoilo mai ka pākī a waiho ʻia i loko o ka friji a i waiho ʻia ma kahi anu. I loko o kahi lumi mahana, nā kulu anuanu e hōʻiliʻili i ka hoʻokele, e hiki ai ke hoʻopilikia i ka kiʻekiʻe o nā hua o nā hua.

I nā wahi ʻākau, ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o ke kūʻai ʻana i nā hua o ka hua o mua o ka makahiki. ʻO kēia no ka mea, ma muli o ke kauwela pōkole, ua hōʻiliʻili nā hua i ke kino a ʻōpala i loko. No laila, heʻano liʻiliʻi ka nui o nā hua i hōʻiliʻili ʻia a me ka nui o ka kūmaʻa (seedling hoaaloha).

I ka hema, ʻo kaʻokoʻa i ka hiki ʻana o nā hua he 1-2 mau makahiki he aneʻuku ʻole kūlike. Akā pono ʻoe e hoʻomālamalama i nā hua hou i kūʻai ʻia ma mua o ka waiho ʻana iā lākou no ka waiho ʻana ma ka home ma kahi mahana o nā kiʻekiʻe ʻole ma mua o 30-35º 30.