Ua kapa ʻia ʻo ʻōpala ʻo Apple. He lei manu nalu hou kēia, a i ʻole, e like me kā mākou kupuna wahine i kapa ʻia he, leaf leaf. Poni-poli nā hua ʻōlelo polu liʻiliʻi, liʻiliʻi liʻiliʻi me ka ʻōpū o ko lākou mau ʻēheu hāpū, ʻelua mau kenimika wale nō. Hoʻokahi ka mea hoʻomake i nā lāʻau hua i ka hapa nui o ko mākou ʻāina. ʻO ka maʻamau, ʻae nā hopena o nā mea kanu i mea e hōʻoli wale ai ko lākou kūkulu maʻamau. Hoʻopuka koke ʻia nā hua ʻōpala (inā e kamaʻilio ana mākou iā ia), inā ʻaʻole āpau, a laila kokoke 90% o ka ovary, a ʻo nā mea makemake ʻole loa nā hua ʻōpena, ʻo ia ka mea e pua a hua aku i ka makahiki e hiki mai ana. E pili ana i nā ʻano o ka hoʻopili ʻana i ka ʻōpū maʻa i kā mākou ʻatikala.
Apple Moth (Hyponomeuta malinella).
He aha nā mea e pōʻino ai - nā pōpoki a i ʻole lau aiʻa?
ʻO kaʻoiaʻiʻo, ka hana ʻino ʻana i ka hua o ka pōpō manu i ka waiho ʻana i nā hua manu, akā ʻo ka palu ʻo ia ka mea nui o ka pōʻino, ʻo ia ka mea i hoʻopā ʻia i nā kumulāʻau, luku maoli ʻo ia i ka hua o ka henomeles (Japanese quince) a me ka pī. He melemele ke kīpī a me nā lālani o nā ʻāpana he ʻeleʻele. Hoʻokipa ʻia kona kino i ka lōʻihi o hoʻokahi a me ka hapa paha kenimika, a mai ka hoʻi ʻana mai i ka maloʻo hoʻi mai ka pale ʻia e pale ʻia.
Aia ke alua i ka ʻoluʻolu a ua hoʻi mai ke anuanu hoʻi i ka ʻōpala o ka ʻōpala oʻa, ʻaʻole weliweli lākou, ʻuʻuku ʻo ia me kēia pale a hoʻomaka ʻia e "mine" nā lau ʻula. Hoʻokomo nui ia i ka papale sheet, hana i kahi ʻano nūnū a i ʻole ka haki mai ka pūnaewele a puni kahi o kona neʻe ʻana. Ma kēia pūnana, e like me ka home, ka uka a ka ʻōpala o ka pauka huaʻai i ka māla ʻōmaʻomaʻo, a ʻo ka pau ʻana, lele nui a lele ʻia a laila hoʻi ka lau ma hope o ka lau o nā lau anu e hiki ai i ka luku ʻōmaʻomaʻo ma nā mea kanu āpau.
ʻO ka mea ʻoi loa ka hānai ʻana i kahi pōpoki puaʻa ʻapiki i kahi ane ʻole me ke kina ʻole o nā lā he kanahā mau lā. ʻO kahi pua ʻuala hoʻokahi e waiho i kahi lāʻauʻomaʻomaʻa ʻelua mau makahiki ʻekolu aʻaʻohe lau i kēia manawa, a me nā lau ohe anuʻu i kahi lāʻau maikaʻi loa.
Pāpā nā pēpē maikaʻi maikaʻi i ka hiu i loko o kā lākou ners, a laila huli i nā ʻōpū o kahi pōpō oʻe, a he mau lā 10-12 wale nō ma hope o ke hoʻololi ʻana i kahi kīwī, mākaukau lākou e hana i kahi ovipositor hou, i kekahi manawa ka helu ʻana o nā hua hua - a hiki i ʻehiku mau kenekulia.
No ka pale aku iā lākou mai nā manu, hoʻopili ʻia lākou me ka hoʻomālamalama pāleʻa, ʻo kēia kahi hana kūikawā neʻe pilikino na ka nū meli. I ka wā e hiki mai ana, inā uhai ka uka, ʻaʻohe mea no lākou, a laila huna lākou ma lalo o kēia pā kuhi, a kali lākou i ka hoʻoilo. ʻO ka mea maʻamau i waiho aku i kahi hua manu i ka ʻili o nā lālā pinō loa o kahi lāʻau.
ʻO ka pōʻino o ka malia o nā poma i nā lāʻau
Nui nui nō ia ka pohō nui o nā mea kanu, ke alakaʻi ʻia ʻana i ka mea paʻa ʻole ka lāʻau a i ka manawa like pū me nā cobwebs. I kēia hihia, ua hoʻokaʻawale loa ʻia ka photosynthesis, ʻaʻohe lau, nā aʻa aʻa i paʻa me ke ʻano.
Mālama, hoʻopau i nā mea kanu i ka lawe ʻana o ke kalapona a me ke hoʻokuʻu i ka oxygen, nalowale i ka 90% o ko lākou hoʻomoʻi a hiki ke maʻalahi i ka hoʻoilo i ka hoʻoilo. ʻO ka pinepine o kēlā mau mea kanu e hoʻouka ʻia ai nā ʻōpio apu i nā lālani no kekahi mau manawa e huki wale, e palupalu lohi ana i ko lākou make ʻana a hōʻemi iā ia i aneane ʻole.
Hiki i nā ʻōpala o nā pōʻino o ka ʻōpū o nā ʻōpū. Hiki i ka pīpī ke kūʻē i ka wā ʻōpiopio he keiki ʻōpio, inā he ʻano huʻu, he kumulāʻau lāʻau nui a he kīpē makuahine hoʻi i loko o kahi mea mālama.
Nui! Hiki i ka maʻalahi ke holo i nā wahi mamao loa, no ka mea i loko o kekahi pahu, inā he pahu lāʻau a nā huaʻai paha.
Ma keʻano ākea, ʻo ka popopili apple he mea pōʻino koʻikoʻi a pono ke hoʻohui ʻia.
Hoʻokapu ʻia nā momi hua momi.
Nā Kūlana Moth Mana o Apple
Nā huahana biological a me nā iniseti e pale aku i ka lāʻau meli
E hoʻomaka kākou me kahi wehewehe o ka algorithm lapaʻau me nā biologics a me nā insecticides. No laila, lawe mākou i kahi lāʻau lāʻau ma ka laʻana he maʻamau: ʻo ka maʻamau ʻo kēia mau mea kanu e pua kokoke i kahi waenakonu o Mei (ʻoiai, e pili ana i ka puna). I loko o kēia manawa, palupalu nā lau o nā ʻōpū o ka huaʻai nui a hiki i ka mea ākea ke hōʻike i nā pesticides maoli. A laila, mai haʻalele ʻoe, pono ʻoe e hoʻomaka i kahi hakakā me lākou.
Akā ma mua o ka "mea kanu" i nā mea kanu me ka kemupuhi, pono ia e hoʻokau i ka hoʻokolokolo, a inā ʻike wale nō ʻoe i ka nui o nā ʻōpala o nā ʻōpū huaʻomaʻi (he nui loa, e like me ka mea i ʻike ai), a laila hiki iā ʻoe ke hoʻomaka i ka hoʻoili ʻana.
Nui! ʻAʻohe wahi e nānā ai! Pono e hōʻike ʻia ka mea kanu i nā mea āpau - me kaʻole. Inā ma kekahi hana mana e ola ai nā anu, a laila, e neʻe koke lākou mai ka lāʻau i mālama ʻia i ka mea e pili ana, i loaʻa ʻole e ka kemika.
Akā ʻaʻole ia he mau paʻakikī i ka luku ʻana i nā pepeke iā lākou iho a me kā lākou huakaʻi e like me ka luku ʻana i ka ovipositor o ka moa apu. ʻO ka maʻamau, no kēia, a ʻekolu mau mea maʻi e lawe ʻia me nā lāʻau lapaʻau (me ka paraffin), e like me, no ka laʻana, ʻo Dimilin (akā inā liʻiliʻi ka ovipositor, a laila hiki iā ʻoe ke keʻakeʻa iā ʻoe iho i kekahi mau mea lapaʻau).
Aia kekahi pūlima koiola - kēia Lepidocide, Spark-bio, Bitoxibacillin. ʻO ka lāʻau "Entobacterin-3" i hoʻohālikelike ʻia i ka ʻike o ka mea kākau. I loko o kahi pahu wai, pono ʻoe e hoʻopau i ka 100 g o kēia lāʻau lapaʻau a mālama i nā mea kanu i ka wā i hoʻomake ai ka ea a hiki i ka 16-17 kiʻekiʻe ma luna o zero.
ʻO ka ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o nā mea ola kino e like me kā mākou e ʻike ai, palekana piha lākou e pili ana i nā kānaka, a hiki ke mālama ʻia nā lāʻau lapaʻau. I kēia hihia, he mea nui loa kēia, no ka mea ʻo ka manawa o ka make o ka uka puaʻa nui i kekahi manawa ma kahi hebedoma ma hope o ka hoʻoili ʻana. Eia nō naʻe, he laʻana kēia - ʻaʻole ka poʻe āpau i hoʻomanawanui e kali i ka make o nā mea inikua weliweli loa i kokoke aneʻe o ka hebedoma.
No laila, hoʻohana ka poʻe hoʻomanawanui i ka ʻekekema manuahi, akā e like me ke ʻano o nā ʻōkuhi ma ka pale, e like me Actellik, Kinmix, Inta-Vir a me nā mea ʻē aʻe, a inā "ka ʻōpala o ka ʻōpala kōleʻa a" hoʻomoʻo iho i ka lāʻau, a laila hiki iā ʻoe ke "pa" "e ka mea," Phosphamide "a me" Bazudin.
Eia kekahi, me kahi luku nui o ka nui o nā kumulāʻau, e hoʻohana ʻia ʻo Fozalon. He aha ka maikaʻi ʻO Fozalon? He ʻano ʻoluʻolu hou ʻia ia i ka lei ʻōmaʻomaʻo, ʻaʻole waiho i nā hōʻailona ʻōmole mai nā puhi o nā lau ʻula. Hiki ke hoʻololi koke ʻia nā pūhui Organochlorine me kēia lāʻau lapaʻau, a hiki i ka 75% o ka neke o ka palaʻai apopo e luku ʻia.
Nui! He kuhi hewa nui ka lawe ʻana aku i nā membra arachnoid ma mua o ka mālama ʻana me ka lāʻau lapaʻau. ʻAʻohe kuhi nei kēia ʻili i ka komo ʻana o ka lāʻau i loko o ka pūnana o ka ʻōpū o ka apu, ʻo ia wale nō ka mea i pale ʻia i ka mea e manaʻoʻiʻo nei he ola spider o ka nui maʻa, akā ʻaʻohe ona mana e kūʻē i nā mea poʻomanaʻo.
Kukūmū Mele Moth.
ʻO nā lole lole kiʻekiʻe e kūlike i nā lāʻau lapaʻau
Hoʻohālike i ka mālama ʻana mai ka ʻōpū a me nā mea hoʻohuli, e hiki ai a me ka pono e hoʻomōhala i nā mea kanu, e hāʻawi ana iā lākou ka ikaika, e hoʻonui nui ʻia. Hoʻohana pinepine ʻia ka nitroammophoska, hoʻoheheʻe ʻia i ka wai ma ka nui o kahi pākaukau i kēlā me kēia pā, a ua hoʻokomo ʻia ma lalo o kēlā me kēia kumulāʻau a ʻelima mau makahiki he 2-3 lita a ʻoi aku paha ma mua o ʻelima mau makahiki he mau makahiki 5 - 5-6 lita, hoʻokahi pālua e lawa ai no nā pākeke makua a ʻehā paha -pōpō ʻōpio.
Inā ʻaʻohe nitroammophoska, a laila hiki iā ʻoe ke hoʻoheoʻe i hoʻokahi a me ka hapalua o ka punika o ka urea i loko o kahi wai o ka wai a me kēia ala e neʻe ai ke kōmela poʻo aliʻi (ʻo ia hoʻi), ʻo ia hoʻi, e hoʻokō ai i ka kapa ʻōpala o ka foliar. Ma hope koke o kēia, pono ʻia ka waʻu e hoʻoheheʻe ʻia ka lepo ma o ka ninini ʻana ma lalo o kahi mea kanu i ʻoi aku ma mua o ʻelima mau makahiki i loko o kahi pā o ka wai, a ma lalo o kahi mea kanu pālua - ʻelua.
Hoʻolohe E hoʻololi i nā insecticides o nā hana ikaika e like me ka pinepine. ʻAʻole ke kāpae ʻia ka hoʻonohonoho ʻana o kahi lāʻau meli i kekahi lāʻau lapaʻau ʻokoʻa a hiki i ka hopena ke kū'ē ʻia - ka wikiwiki o ka hoʻoulu.
Mai hoʻonui i ka dosage - hoʻololi wale i ka lāʻau lapaʻau i kekahi, ʻaʻole iʻoi aku ka ikaika, ke nānā hou i ka dosis a me ka wā hoʻoiho. ʻO nā lemi o ka pulupulu o ka kalapona, ma ka maʻamau ʻaʻole lākou e hoʻoulu i ka hoʻohui, a ua luku ʻia lākou e ka mālama hoʻokahi i ka wā o ko lākou holo ʻana. ʻO nā mea kanu, loaʻa i kekahi manawa ke hoʻokō ʻia a ʻelima a ʻeono paha ka mālama ʻana i mea e hoʻopau iā lākou.
He aha inā ʻaʻole chemistry?
E ola maikaʻi ʻole ka iniketi, akā, ʻaʻohe mea i kāpae i kā lākou toxac kiʻekiʻe. E lawe ma kahi o Actellik, ʻae ʻia lākou e hoʻōla i ke kaʻina hoʻokahi wale nō i ka makahiki, he ʻona a maikaʻi ʻole kēia lāʻau. He aha e hana? Aia mau kekahi ala i waho, no ka laʻana, hiki iā ʻoe ke kaua aku i ka pōpō apopo me ke kōkua o ka mea i kapa ʻia ʻo ke ʻano loea. Maʻalahi ke ʻano pono maʻalahi, akā koi ʻia, ʻoiaʻiʻo, kekahi mau uku a me nā hoʻoikaika, a me ka manawa.
No ka hana ʻana i kēia, e lawe i kahi kāwele a hele i waena o ka māla e hoʻoneʻe i nā pale pale i kanu ʻia me ka ʻōpū manamana i lalo o kahi huna o ka ovipositor a huna iā lākou. E oi aku i oi aku ka manawa ma ka hana.
Eia kekahi, i ka wā mua o ke kauwela a me Kepakemapa, hiki ke hoʻāʻo ʻia nā hua lāʻau lapaʻau i holoi ʻia i nā kumulāʻau a me nā lau mai ka piko, e hana ana i ka wai ikaika loa o ka wai a wīwī wale ʻia ma ka ʻāina.
Hiki iā ʻoe ke hōʻiliʻili (ʻohiʻoki wale) i nā lau āpau i hoʻopuni me nā pulupua o ka ʻōpū apple, kahi mea hiki ke paʻa i nā lāʻau ʻōpio, ʻaʻole i nā lāʻau kiʻekiʻe a i ʻole ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā alapoka a me nā alapaʻi inā he hoʻokahi wale nō ʻelua o nā kumulāʻau i ka māla. He maikaʻi ia i ka manawa o ka hoʻomaka o ka pua ola i ka lāʻau a ma ka hopena o ka hopena. Pono e puhi ʻia nā mea i hōʻiliʻili ʻia, a ʻoi aku ma waho o ka pūnaewele i kahi kiʻi liʻiliʻi i ʻeli ʻia.
I kekahi manawa ke kōkua i ka hoʻohālikelike ʻana i ka ʻōpū ma o ka hoʻopili ʻana, i ka wā e wehe a kau ai i ka pūpū, i nā wana a me ka punawai koʻikoʻi o kahi hopena hoʻāla ʻia o ka aneane mineral āpau.
ʻO kahi ala e ʻoi aku ai ka hakakā a me ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā pahele. ʻAno maoli, ua waiho ʻia nā paʻu pheromone me kahi kumu lāʻau i ka pūnaewele, kahi e pili ai nā butterflies (ʻo ia nā kāne nui i lele aku i ka ʻano o nā wahine i manaʻo ʻia).
Loaʻa nā mākeke māmā o ka ultraviolet i ke ʻano o ka hana pono ʻana. E lele hāheʻe ana ʻo Moth i ka mālamalama o ia mau ʻano, a i mua o ka "kaila uila" ʻo ia ka ʻōpala ʻonipino, ʻo ia hoʻi, e hōʻuluʻulu ʻia i kēlā me kēia lā mai ka pālākiō solar. ʻO kahi mea liʻiliʻi e lawa ai e pepehi i kahi pōpō o kekahi ʻōpala o kekahi ʻano kāne.
Inā ʻaʻole ʻoe makemake e hoʻolilo i ka kālā hou aʻe, a laila hiki i kahi hana e like me ka maunu hiki ke hana ʻia e ʻoe. No ka hana ʻana i kēia, pono ʻoe i ka palupalu-hōʻoia hōʻoia a me kahi ʻāpana o ka paila. Pono ka melemele i ka papa - he hōʻailona kēia no ka palupalu, a laila hoʻohui maoli me ka lem no nā lālani ʻaʻole maloʻo. Pau ka ʻōwele o kahi ʻōpū ma luna o kahi hōʻailona, lāʻau a make.
Hiki iā ʻoe ke hana a kūʻai aku paha i ke kāʻei hune, pono lākou e hoʻopili i ka ʻōpala lāʻau, ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o ka lawe ʻana i kahi mea pākahi, ʻelua a lāʻau a me nā kukū pīpī hiki ke hoʻopili iā ia.
E heluhelu i kā mākou kikoʻī kikoʻī: ʻO nā kāʻei hopu manuahi i nā lāʻau.
Mele maʻa ma kahi lāʻau.
ʻO nā ʻenemi kūlohelohe o ka lāʻau kalapona
He ʻenemi kūlohelohe kekahi o nā ʻapopepa i loko o ka māla - he mau pepeke nui kēia: lele ka tahini, nā kolo braconid - ua nānā lākou i ka uka puaʻa, ʻo ia hoʻi, e kau ana i kā lākou hua ma luna o lākou. Akā ʻo nā ʻano "manalo" likeʻe ʻia ma muli o ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā mea hoʻopāwai i loko o ka māla i kēia manawa hiki ʻole ke loaʻa.
He manu maikaʻi nā manu o ka ʻōpala aporo, no lākou e like me ka ʻahaʻaina, akā ua hilahila nā manu a ʻai nui ke ʻai. No laila, i mea e huki aku ai iā lākou i ka māla a hōʻoia hou iā lākou, e kāhea i nā hale manu, ʻoi aku hoʻokahi haneli mau mika, ʻaʻohe mea ʻē aʻe, inā e loaʻa ka hakakā no ka ʻāina.
ʻO nā ʻano kuʻuna e hoʻowalewale i ka ʻōpala apple
E koho mākou i nā hana i ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o ka hoʻouka ʻana i ka lāʻau popo. No laila, ʻōpena wela, pololei mai ka māla. Pono e ʻokiʻoki i nā ʻōpio i nā ʻāpana liʻiliʻi, e kau ana i nā aniani a me nā ʻūnū kaulua, a laila ninini i kahi lita o ka wai a hoʻolapalapa i kēia ʻano huluhulu i hoʻokahi hola. I ka lā aʻe, waiho ʻia ʻo ia i loko o kahi pā paʻa paʻa. Ma hope o kēia, e hoʻomoʻi pono ʻia ka hupa hopena, e hoʻāʻo nei e komo i ko lākou mau maka a ninini i loko o nā ipu, akā ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o ke aniani, i ʻike ʻia nā mea o loko. Eia, pono e pani paʻa ʻia kēia mau pahu a waiho ʻia i loko o ka friji, e hoʻopiʻi ana i kahi hōʻailona pākēlani (E pāpā mai ke keiki i ka make ʻana o ke keiki, aia kekahi pūlima ...).
No ka hoʻomākaukau ʻana i ka hoʻonā hana, pono ʻoe e lawe i ka hapalua o ka lika o ka pepa a hoʻomohala a hoʻohui i ka hapalua o ka lole lole holoi e like me kahi mea hoʻokipa. A me kēia mea nani e hoʻomohala i nā mea kanu.
ʻO ka lua ke koho shag, pono e hoʻokomo ʻia i loko o ka nui o 100 g i kahi pānaʻi wai no ka hebedoma, hoʻoulu i kekahi manawa, a laila mālama i nā mea kanu i hoʻopilikia ʻia.
E nānā, e ʻimi a ho'āʻo iā ia, inā paha, ʻoiaʻiʻo nō, e ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o nā lāʻau lapaʻau ma mua o nā mea inikini. A e kaʻana like me kāu ʻike ma nā ʻōlelo i ka ʻatikala.
