Saintpaulia, a i ʻole ʻōleʻa ʻo Uzambara

Saintpaulia (Saintpaulia) - he pua o nā mea kanu pua o ka ʻohana Gesneriaceae (Gesneriaceae) ʻO kekahi pua kaulana i loko. Nui kekahi ʻano nui o Saintpoly, a i ʻole lākou e kapa ʻia, "he hihia ʻo Uzambara." Hiki iā ʻoe ke koho i kēlā me kēia like me ka nui a me ke kala. Kūkulu nā mea kanu olakino hiki ke pua kokoke i ka makahiki a puni. E kūkākūkā hou i nā ʻano o nā pua kūloko, a pehea e mālama ai iā lākou.

Mai hauʻoli ʻo Saintpaulia (Saintpaulia) me ka violet (Viola) ʻO kēia ʻano ʻano ʻano like ʻole i nā ʻohana like ʻole. Saintpaulia, hoʻi i kapa ʻia ʻo Uzambara violet, no ka ʻohana Gesneriaceae a he lāʻau kaiapuni. ʻOiai ʻo Violet, i ʻike ʻia iā mākou ma lalo o ka inoa inoa "Pansies", ia ʻohana Violet a ʻo kona ulu ʻana i ka māla māla.

Moolelo o ka ʻike a me ka pālahalaha o Saintpaulia

Ua wehe ʻia ka violet o Uzambara i ka makahiki 1892 e Baron Walter von Saint-Paul (1860-1940), ke alakaʻi o ka moku Uzambara - kahi kolone Kelemania e kū nei ma ka ʻāina ʻo Tanzania, Burundi a me Rwanda. Ua hoʻokokoke ʻo Walter Saint-Paul i kēia mea kanu i ka wā hele. Hoʻouna ʻo ia i nā hua i ʻakaʻaka ʻia i kona makuakāne - ke pelekikena o ka German Dendrological Society, a hāʻawi ʻo ia iā lākou i ka botanist German Wendland (1825-1903). Ua ulu o Wendland i mea kanu mai nā hua a ma ka 1893 i wehewehe ʻia e like me Saintpaulia ionanta (Saintpaulia violet-puaed), hoʻokaʻawale i kēia ʻano i kahi ʻano kuʻuna, kāna i kapa ai ma ka inoa o ka makua kāne a me ke keiki a Saint-Paul.

ʻO ka manawa mua, ʻo ia ke senpolia i hōʻike ʻia i ka hōʻike ʻana i ka pua pua ma Ghent i ka makahiki 1893. I ka makahiki 1927, hiki i ka senpolia i ʻAmelika Hui Pū ʻIa, kahi i loaʻa koke ai ia lākou ke kaulana me nā mea kanu o loko. Ma ka makahiki 1949, hoʻokahi haneli o nā ʻano puʻu. I kēia lā, ʻoi aku ka nui o nā ʻano like 32 tausani, nona kēia ma mua o 2 tausani o ka home.

ʻO ka wehewehe ʻana iā Saintpaulia

Ua pili ʻo Senpolia i loko o ka floriculture i loko no ke aloha no kāna ʻāpana liʻiliʻi a me ka pua lōʻihi (a hiki i 10 mau mahina i ka makahiki). ʻO ka pua pua, ʻo ka mea maʻamau, kahi lāʻau grassy haʻahaʻa me ka ʻiʻo, nā lau puni i uhi ʻia me nā villi. Aia nā lau ʻeleʻele a i ʻole nāhelehele i loaʻa i nā kumu pōkole e hana ana i ka rosie basal.

Nā pua - i ʻelima mau kelule, i hōʻiliʻili ʻia i kahi pala. Mālama ka kala a me ke ʻano i ka ʻano ʻokoʻa. He ʻāpana hoʻi ʻo Saintpaulia kahi elima o nā koina. ʻO ka hua kahi pahu liʻiliʻi me nā hua liʻiliʻi he nui me kahi germ langsung.

Hoʻopili ʻia ka ʻike maoli o ka senpolia i nā kuahiwi o Tanzania ma Kenya, aʻo ka nui o nā ʻano he nui wale nō i loaʻa i Tanzania, ma nā mauna Ulugur a me Uzambara (ka inoa "mauna Usambara" ma nā papa honua). Kūʻai pinepine ʻo Senpolias ma kahi kokoke i nā wai wai, nā muliwai, nā kūlana o ka lepo o ka wai a me ka noʻu.

He aha e nānā ai inā kūʻai aku i kahi senpolia?

ʻO ka mea mua, ke kūʻai aku nei i kahi violet Uzambara, pono ʻoe e hoʻolohe i nā lau. Inā loaʻa ʻoe i kahi mau wahi kānalua a i ʻole hoʻi kahi lono e ulu nei ma luna o lākou, a laila, no kaʻoiaʻiʻo nō, ua hoʻopiʻi ʻia kēia mea kanu e kekahi ʻano maʻi. ʻOiai no ka loea he paʻakikī ia e ulu a waiho i ka pua like, akā no kahi mea hoʻomaka ua aneane hiki ʻole ke hiki. No laila, ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi e koho i kahi mea kanu me nā lau ʻōmaʻomaʻo keʻokeʻo, ʻaʻohe hōʻailona o ka maʻi pōpoki.

Ke koho ʻana i kahi pēpē, he mea nui ia ʻaʻole nui loa nā lau - hōʻike kēia i ka mea ua make ʻo ka mea kanu mai ka nele ʻana o ka māmā.

ʻO ka hoʻolaha ʻana i ka senpolia, ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o ka lawe ʻana i kahi kumu lāʻau mai ka lua o ka lālani ma lalo. Hāʻawi ʻia nā lau haʻahaʻa e nā keiki, akā, ma ke ʻano he kānāwai, ua ʻokoʻa lākou i muli o ko lākou mau venerable, no laila e lilo nā keiki i nāwaliwali.

A e noʻonoʻo e pili aku i ka mea kūʻai aku e hōʻike i ka ʻano o ka hoʻopili ʻana i ka mea kanu, i ʻole ʻoe e ʻimi i ka ʻike ʻana i ka ʻano senpolia. ʻO kekahi poʻe hōʻiliʻili i ʻōlelo ʻia me kahi māka e hōʻike ana i ka lā i kanu ʻia ai ke keiki.

Maʻalahi ia e hoʻohana i nā pahu, nā ipu manu a i ʻole nā mea lawe ʻē aʻe i ʻole e ʻae ʻia ke ʻokiʻoki i ka wā e lawe ʻia ai e ka lehulehu no ka lawe ʻana i nā ʻāpana ʻoki o ke SaintPoly. Inā ʻaʻole pā ʻole ʻia kahi pahu, a laila noi i ka mea kūʻai aku e hoʻopili i ka ʻeke palaka a hoʻopaʻa ʻole ʻia, a i ʻole e hōʻeha ka pale i ka wā o ka halihali. Akā, inā naʻe, ua uhai nā lau, a laila pono e haʻalele ʻia i ka waho.

Saintpaulia, a i ʻole ʻōleʻa ʻo Uzambara

Ke koho nei i nā ipu o ka palu o ka Uzambara, he nui ka nui o lākou, ʻo ia ka diameter. Pono he 5-6 cm nā keiki a me nā ʻōpio o nā ʻōpio, no nā pākeke pākeke ma mua o 10-12 cm.

ʻEleʻa nā lako palaka a me nā ipu seramika no senpolia. I kēia manawa, makemake nā mea hōʻiliʻili e ulu i nā ʻōleʻa ʻūkā ʻo Uzambara i loko o nā pīkī palaka, no ka mea lākou me ka maʻalahi a me ka maʻalahi.

Ke ulu nei nā kūlana a me ka mālama ʻana iā Saintpaulia

ʻO ka māla o Uzambara violets (senpolia) pono i kahi hoʻoikaika. Inā makemake ʻoe i ka senpolia e pua hohonu a no ka manawa lōʻihi, pono ʻoe e pili i nā lula ma lalo nei.

Ke ʻano hoʻohālikelike pono ke ʻano, ʻaʻole wela loa i ke kauwela a ʻaʻole hoʻi i ka hoʻoilo i ka hoʻoilo. ʻO ke ana wela + 18 ... + 24 ° C. ʻAʻole makemake kahi palupalu ʻOzambar i kahi paukū i ke kikowaena a me nā mea hana.

ʻO Jiambara violet makemake nui i ka mālamalamaakā ʻaʻole makemake ia i ka lā maka, no laila, inā kū ka mea kanu ma ka puka aniani i ke aniani, pono ia e lūlū ʻia, a i ka hoʻoilo he mea makemake ʻia i nā kukui ʻē aʻe me nā kukui florescent a ʻo ke ʻano o ke ao o nā violets he 13-14 hola. I kēia hihia, e pua a senpolia i ka hoʻoilo.

Pono ka hoʻomaʻemaʻe ʻana i nā pākeke i ka lole. ^ E Ha yM. Pono ke ʻano o ka ʻili o ka lepo, akā hiki ʻole ke hoʻopiha i ka mea kanu. Hoʻomaʻamaʻa ka wai ma lalo o ke aʻa. Pono e hoʻopoka ʻia ka wai nui mai ka pā. ʻAʻole ʻoluʻolu i ka wai no ka lawaiʻa, ʻoluʻolu a maikaʻi hoʻi, inā me ka pale, pono ia e pale ʻia. ʻO ka ʻōleʻa o Uzambara, ka lau, kahi ʻokoʻa loa, ʻaʻole ʻae i ka pīpī. Inā hāʻule ka wai i ka lau, hiki iā lākou ke pala. I mea e hōʻoia pono ai ka hoʻomoʻewaʻi pono o ka ea, maikaʻi ia e kau i nā ʻōpala me ka senpolia ma luna o ka pā wai, akā, ʻaʻole i hoʻopū ʻia ka ipu wai a waiho paha i ka pulu ma ka pā. Hiki iā ʻoe ke kau i nā ipu i loko o ka lepo waʻu.

Pono no ka ʻāina no ka mau violz uzambar e hoʻokō i nā koi kūikawā. ^ E Ha yM. Pono e hoʻokaʻawale, hoʻouna i ka lewa a hoʻomaʻomaʻi maʻalahi. Hiki iā ʻoe ke kūʻai i ka pālahalaha maloʻo i hoʻomākaukau ʻia no ka senpolia, a i ʻole ʻoe e hana iā ʻoe iho mai ka sheet and turf land, humus, sand, charcoal, bone bone me ka hoʻohui o superphosphate. Eia nā mahele penei: 2; 0,5; 1; 1. E hoʻohui i 0,5 kīʻaha o ka ʻai o nā iwi a me 1 mau punetēpau o ke superphosphate i kahi pā o kahi pānaʻi earthen i hoʻomākaukau ʻia.

I nā kikoʻī e pili ana i ka hānai iā Saintpaulias

Ma ka ʻāina i loaʻa i ka senpolia e ulu i nā lepo maikaʻi, no laila, i ka wā e hana ai i nā hui honua, hoʻāʻo nā amateurs i hāʻawi ʻole iā lākou i nā mea momona nui. Akā ma ka mea o ka aʻa kumu o ka mea kanu i ka liʻiliʻi o ka substrate, a laila hele ka manawa i ka honua i loko o nā pā i hoʻolei liʻiliʻi. No laila, pono ʻoe e hānai i nā mea kanu. Akā, ma hope o ka hoʻololi ʻana, ʻaʻole pono kekahi e hānai - no nā malama ʻelua e lawa ka ʻai no ka senpolia.

I ka hānai ʻana i nā mea kanu, ʻaʻole e poina e hiki i ka mea ʻoi loa nā mea momona e hoʻoulu i nā ʻano like ʻole like ʻole. No ka laʻana, ʻoi aku ka nui o nā waihona hauā e alakaʻi i ka ulu wikiwiki o nā lau i ka hōʻino o ka pua. ʻO nā mea kanu "Overfed" e lilo i hiki ʻole i nā maʻi a me nā pōpoki. Me ka nui o ka posipolo, ʻoi aku ka wikiwiki o ka senpolia, hāʻule nā ʻōpua, nā pua ʻōpio. Inā nui ka pāhana, oki ka mea kanu, ʻeleʻele nā lau.

Hoʻokumu ʻia ka manaʻo o ka mea hoʻonā i nā mea hoʻoliʻahu i luna no nā mea he nui, i ka nui o nā pā o ka ipu, ka mea hoʻohui o ka kāwili earthen. ʻO ka mea hope loa, e noʻonoʻo e pili ana i ka senpolia i nā mea kanu hiki ʻole ke ʻae i ka ʻike paʻakai kiʻekiʻe. ʻO nā hopena paʻohiʻi (ʻoi aku ma mua o ka 1.5-2 g o nā paʻakai ma ka 1 pākē o ka wai) e hoʻopilikia i nā mea kanu.

Saintpaulia, a i ʻole ʻōleʻa ʻo Uzambara

ʻO ka liʻiliʻi o ka pā o ka ipuhao a me ka nui o ka ʻāina i loko, e hoʻonāwaliwali ʻia ka lilo ʻana o ka paʻakai (akā pono ʻoe e hānai pinepine). Hiki ke hānai pinepine ʻia nā mea kanu i nā ʻāina heʻoi aʻe ma mua o nā mea kaumaha - i ka hihia mua, holoi holoi ʻia nā mea kanu.

Ke hoʻohāinu nei i ka Saintpaulia me kahi ʻōnaʻi ʻoi loa ka hana, e hoʻopili ʻia nā aʻa i nā mea kanu, e maloʻo nā lau. Inā ʻaʻole i lawe ʻia nā hana wikiwiki, make ka mea kanu. I kēia hihia, pono ia e hoʻōla maikaʻi me ka ʻōlapa ʻaʻo me ka wai mahana (0.5-1 lita) i nā wahi liʻiliʻi. A laila e kau i ka ipu i ka wahi pale.

Hiki ke noʻonoʻo ʻia ka mea paʻa o nā kōpala no ka senpolia e pili ana i ka 1 g o ka paʻakai mānoanoa paʻakikī, hoʻoheheʻe ʻia i ka 1 lita. wai. ʻO kēlā me kēia lole topule o hope i kēia hihia e lawe ʻia ma hope o 15-20 mau lā. Hoʻohana pū ka hānai me nā hoʻonā nāwaliwali (1 g no 3 mau lita o ka wai). Hiki ke hoʻonui pinepine ʻia nā hoʻonā like - ma hope o nā lā 5-6. ʻO ka lole hoʻoleʻelā mau loa me ka hoʻōla ʻana he mea nui hoʻi ia - i kēia hihia, ua hoʻopau ʻia ka 1 g o nā mea kanu ma ka 6-8 pā. wai.

Hānai ʻia ʻo Senpolia i nā manawa maikaʻi loa o ka makahiki e ulu ai. No laila, ʻo ke ala waena e pono ai e hōʻuluʻulu mai mai Malaki a hiki i Kepakemapa.

Hōʻailona ʻo Saintpoly

I loko o ka potala a hea e huki ai i ka senpolia?

ʻO ka senpolia pākeke i kēlā me kēia makahiki, pono e loea i ka hoʻololi i loko o kahi pānaʻi hou o ka lepo. Ma hope o nā mea a pau, aia ko lākou pūnaewele aʻa ma kahi liʻiliʻi o ka ʻāina, ka mea ma luna o ka manawa e nalowale ana ia i kona ʻano a me nā meaʻai. ʻO ka maʻamau i ke kahili ʻia i ka pūnāwai, akā inā ulu lākou i nā kukui kūlohelohe, hiki ke hana i kēia i nā manawa o ka makahiki.

ʻO ka hewa hewa maʻamau i ka moʻomeheu o senpolia ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā pā make oversized. Hoʻomaopopo i nā ʻokoʻa o nā kahe i nā helu e pili ana i ka diameter o ka pot i ka ʻaoʻao ma luna. Loaʻa nā mea kanu liʻiliʻi (nos. 5 a 6 paha) no nā mea kanu ʻokoʻa i hoʻokaʻawale ʻia mai ka lau makuahine. Ma hope mai, i ka wā e ulu ai nā mea kanu, hiki ke hili ʻia i loko o nā pahu lawe ʻole 7 a 8. ʻO ka nui o ka pā hao nui no ka nui o nā pākeke ʻoi loa ʻo No. 9 a 11. ʻO nā kīwaha ākea loa hiki ke alakaʻi i ka pala.

Ma mua o ka hoʻohana ʻana, pono e hoʻomoʻa ʻia nā potika hou i ka wai wela no nā minuke 30-40, a laila e ʻoluʻolu a maloʻo. Inā paʻa ʻole kēia, a laila ma hope o ke kanu ʻana i nā pā o nā ipu kaila e piʻi ka nui o ka wai i ka pōʻino o ka mea kanu. I kekahi manawa makemake ʻoe e hoʻohana hou i nā ipu i ulana ʻia nā ʻaoʻao me ka pā o ka paʻakai. No laila, pono e holoi pono iā lākou me kahi kapa holoi keʻokeʻo ma ka wai wela, a pono e hoʻoneʻe ʻia ka pākī me ke kuʻi a i ʻole ʻoi paha kaʻaila.

Hōʻalo ka puka wai

I ka hoʻohālikelike ʻana i ka senpolia, ʻo ka mea mua, pono e makaʻala ʻia e hoʻoheheʻe ʻia. ʻO ka papaha o ka ʻia, i ninini ʻia ma luna o nā ʻanuʻu e uhi ana i ka lua o lalo, e lawelawe ana e kahe i ka wai nui ma lalo o nā papa lalo o ka honua. Hoʻokomo ia i ka hoʻoneʻe ea i ka lewa i ke aʻa, pale i ka hoʻopaʻa ʻana o ka ʻaha haʻahaʻa o ka comart earthen, a he mea nui loa ia i ka wā e kanu ai i nā kīnaki palaka.

ʻO ka maʻamau, ʻo ka hoʻoheheʻe e lawe i ka 1/5 o ka nui o ka ipu. ʻO ke kūlana o ka hui kāwele o ka hua ʻāina, kona ʻano, ke kū nei i kona ʻano. Ma kahi o kahi papa wai, ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā ʻokaʻuʻu mai nā ipu lepo, ʻaʻole lākou e loli i ka acidity o ka substrate. Hiki ke hoʻohana ʻia ke one anuanu maikaʻi maikaʻi (ʻōwili o 1-2.5 mm). ʻO nā pahu liʻiliʻi o ka pālahalaha pālahalaha, kūpono hoʻi kahi ʻōmaʻomaʻo ʻōmaʻomaʻo, ʻoluʻolu hoʻi; Pono e hoʻololi ʻia ka pālolo palolo e hoʻonui i kēlā me kēia makahiki, ʻoiai ka lōʻihi o nā manawa, e hōʻuluʻulu i nā pūpona o ka senpolia i loko.

ʻO nā mea hana lāʻau, nā ʻōpala o polystyrene (resin artipani) a me nā polystyrene e hoʻohana pinepine ʻia. Hoʻopili ʻia ka hope o ka lima me nā pōpoki (5-12 mm). He ʻoi aʻe ka paʻakikī o ka polyethylene i hiki ke komo - ka wai hoʻonaninani kūlohelohe māmā (syntule nui 3-5 mm).

Saintpaulia, a i ʻole ʻōleʻa ʻo Uzambara

Nā mea kanu: nā huaʻehā o ka paina pine, nutshells, cork, tin pine pine, a pēlā aku - hiki iā ʻoe ke hoʻohana no ka hoʻoheheʻe ʻia, hāʻawi ʻia ma ke ʻano he kānāwai, hoʻomohala lākou i ka lepo a ʻaʻole i hāʻawi mau i ka hopena maikaʻi. Me kēlā mau pākaha, kūpono ke hoʻohui i nā ʻāpana liʻiliʻi o ka ulana i ka nui. ʻO ka hōʻiliʻili a me ka pulu maʻa ka mea i hānai ʻia i nā palupalu e alkalize i ka substrate, no laila hiki ke hoʻohana ʻia i nā ʻāina acidic. Hoʻomaʻo ka ʻili o ka ʻala i ka lepo, no laila, ʻaʻole i hāʻawi ʻia no ka mauʻu.

Ke kanu ʻana i ke Saintpaulia i loko o nā kaila liʻiliʻi (5-7 cm), ua lawa ia e pani i ka lua wai me ka shard lepo. Noho ʻia ke koena o ka leo e ka hui ʻai earthen. I loko o nā ipu nui (8-11 cm), ninini ʻia kahi papa kahawai (1.5-2 cm) ma luna o ka shard (kahi i waiho ʻia me ka ʻaoʻao concave) a loaʻa i kekahi mau ʻāpana liʻiliʻi ma kahi o 0,5 cm ka nui. . ^ E Ha yM.

ʻO ka hohonu hohonu o Senpolia

ʻO ka mea nui loa ka hohonu hohonu o ke kanu ʻana o Saintpaulia. Me ka hohonu kūpono, pono ka liʻiliʻi o nā petioles o nā lau haʻahaʻa ma luna o ka honua a i ʻole e pā wale. Inā paʻa ʻole ka mea kanu mea kanu, hiki i kahi layer o sphagnum moss e pili ana i 1 cm mānoanoa hiki ke kau ʻia i ka ʻōpū o ka honua, a hiki ke uhi ʻia i nā petioles o nā lau lalo. Kūlike pinepine nā lāʻau kiʻekiʻe, e lohi ana i ka ulu a me ka ulu ʻana.

Ke kanu nui ʻana i nā mea kanu kanu, hāʻule nā mea kanu i loko o ke kikowaena o ka waho, hoʻopuʻi ia. Ua wāwahi ʻia nā lau ʻōpio ma ka ulu o ke ulu, hoʻoulu ʻia kā lākou ulu. Hoʻohui pinepine i loko o ka senpolia, nā mākeke ulu ulu, "ʻūlū" ʻike ʻia i nā ʻōpio lau waena, ulu nā lau, make nā kolo - make ka mea kanu.

ʻO ka hoʻopuʻi ʻana o ka senpolia

ʻO ka hana hou ʻana o Uzambara violet mai ka ʻoki lau

ʻO ka ala maʻamau ka laha ʻana o Saintpaulia ma o ka ʻoki ʻia ʻana o ka lau. No ka hana ʻana i kēia, pono ʻoe i kahi lau olakino maikaʻi, ʻoiai (ʻaʻole e ulu a ulu ka mea kanu). Pono ke kū i ka 3-4 cm lōʻihi, me kahi ʻoki ʻoki. ʻOi aku ka maikaʻi o ka cutlery i ka wai a hiki i ka hoʻokumu ʻia ʻana o nā aʻa. Inā kanu koke ka lāʻau i ka lepo, a laila, ma mua, pono ka lepo, ʻaʻole i hoʻopaʻa ʻia, a me ka lua, ua kau ka lāʻau i ka lepo i ka hohonu o 1,5 - 2 cm, ʻaʻole keu. Hoʻopili ʻia ka ipu me ka pulima me ka wai mahana a uhi ʻia me ka ʻeke palupalu e mālama ai i ka mako, ʻaʻole e hoʻemi ʻia ka pākī i ka 20-21 ° C. ʻO ka hoʻokumu a me ka hoʻomohala ʻana o nā keiki i mau mahina 1-2 mau.

Hiki i nā mea āpau ke koho no lākou iho i ke ala kūpono loa, kūpono a kūpono i ke kumu a kanu i ka ʻoki ʻana ʻo Saintpaulia. Inā ʻaʻole i koho maikaʻi ʻia kēia ʻano, nā minamina i nā manawa hou ke hele koke a hāʻule ka lāʻau a make.

No nā kūlana home, ʻo ke ala ala kūpono loa ka hoʻopili ʻana i ka ʻoki ʻana i ka wai i hoʻolapalapa ʻia. Ma nā kūlanakauhale kahi e hiki ai iā ʻoe ke kūʻai i nā ʻāpana substrate, nui nā mea aloha iā Uzambara e hōʻino i ka ʻokiʻoki ʻoki i ka agroperlite (nunui nui) a i ʻole vermiculite. Ke huki nei i ka momona sphagnum maʻa maikaʻi i nā hopena maikaʻi.

Nui nā poʻe aloha Senpoly ʻokiʻoki i nā papa papaʻa-humus, kahi i hōʻemi ʻia ka nui o ka lau o ka lau.

ʻO ke kānāwai ākea nui no kēia mau hana āpau, ʻaʻole ia e haʻalele i kahi lōʻihi. E ʻike koke a hele ka nui o nā keiki inā ʻaʻole ʻoi aku ka lōʻihi o ka petiole i ka 4 sentimita. Pono e ʻoki ʻia i ke ʻoki a me kahi scalpel.

He mea koʻikoʻi ia i ka huki ʻana i nā hōʻoki o Saintpaulia e hoʻolako i ka mahana o ka hoʻoluʻu kūlohelohe a me ka mahana + 20 ... 24 ° C. Manaʻo ʻia e waiho i nā ʻokiʻoki i loko o kahi hale lāʻau a i loko o ka peke aila.

Pepeʻe nā pēpē, ma ka awelika, ma hope o 4-6 mau pule. Ke ulu lākou a ulu i mua, pono lākou e hoʻokaʻawale loa mai ka lau, e hoʻāʻo e hōʻemi i nā hōʻeha ma ke aʻa o ke pēpē. A laila, e kau i ka pēpē i loko o kahi ʻāpana ʻokoʻa. ʻAʻole e hoʻonui ka lōʻihi o ka pākuhi i ka pēpē i 6 cm.ʻO ka pepa (inā ikaika) hiki ke kau i luna.

Ke kanu i ka pēpē, pono ke kau i ka lua o lalo o ka ipu o ka ipu (moss-sphagnum, ʻāpana o ka palu polystyrene a i ʻole ka pā liʻiliʻi e hoʻonui ʻia). Pono e hoʻokaʻawale ka lepo no nā keiki, ʻo 1/5 ʻāpana o ka vermiculite a me 1/5 ʻāpana o ka perlite hiki ke hoʻohui ʻia i ka substrate. Inā he mh sphagnum moss, a laila pono hoʻi i hoʻohui ʻia i ka substrate, i kāwili mua ʻia me nā cika, ma ka nui o ka 1/5 o ka nui o ka huina.

Pono e kau ʻia nā keiki i kanu ʻia o Saintpaulia ma kahi kīkī liʻiliʻi a i hoʻoponopono nā keiki ma laila i 2-3 mau pule. E kau i ka hale me nā keiki i kahi windowsill kukui (ʻoi aku ʻaʻole ma ka hema, kahi e pono ai ʻoe e hoʻomoʻa i ka violets ʻo Uzambara i ʻole ʻaʻohe kahū ma nā lau). I ka hoʻoilo, ʻike ʻoe ʻaʻole ʻoe e pupuhi mai i ka puka aniani, ʻoiai ʻo ka senpolia he mea koʻikoʻi nā hypothermia o ke aʻa. Hiki i nā keiki makua ke hoʻomaʻamaʻa iki ʻia i nā kūlana o ka lumi, e hoʻāla i kahi home me nā keiki no 10-15 mau minuke, a laila 30 mau minuke.

Hono Saintpaulia

Hoʻomoe ʻia ʻo Saintpaulia e nā ʻanuʻu

No ka hoʻolaha ʻana i ka violet uzambar, ʻaʻole wale ka lau o nā lau, akā e hiki ke hoʻohana ʻia nā ʻoniʻoni. No ke kūleʻa i mea hoʻomau pono ʻia he 3-4 mau lau. E hoʻokaʻawale i ka stepson mai i waho o ka waho, pono ʻoe e loaʻa kahi awl a i ʻole ke koʻikoʻi scalpel. Ke hoʻokaʻa nei i ka stepson, pono ʻoe e ʻimi e hōʻeha i ka ʻokiʻoki o ka lau o ka palakala nui.

Hoʻopuka i ke ala lāʻau o Saintpaulia, hiki iā ʻoe ke hoʻohana i ka pālohi mālama-puna a i ʻole ka mea hao paha me kahi substrate. No ka hoʻoulu hou ʻana a me ke koena mua ʻana, pono ke mālama ʻia i kahi laila i kanu ʻia i loko o kahi ʻōmaʻomaʻo no nā wiki he 3-4.

Nā maʻi Saintpoly

Nā maʻi maʻi maʻi

Hiki i nā mea kumu kumu o nā mea kanu infectious ke lilo i bako, fungi, nā maʻi, nā mea e hoʻopōmaikaʻi ʻia i kā lākou wikiwiki.

Grey pala

ʻO kahi maʻi huhū maʻi, ʻike ʻia ʻo ka hina hina, kumu ʻia e ka mupu Fusarium. Ua uhi ʻia nā pua a me nā pua me ka mauʻu hina, ʻaʻole make nā wahi i pili. ʻO ka maʻamau, hoʻopili ka fungus i ka mea kanu, e hina ana i nā pua maʻi maloʻo a me nā lau i hoʻopau ʻia. Hoʻololi ka maʻi i ka mahana haʻahaʻa ma lalo o ka wai (ma lalo o 16 ° C), nui ka wai, i nā kūlana o ka haʻahaʻa kiʻekiʻe, ʻoi ka nui o ka loea nitrogen, a me ka pōʻai ʻole ea.

I mea e pale ai i ka pala mai hopohopo, pono ke nānā pono ʻia nā lula o ka wai inu, ke ʻano wela, ka haumia. Inā ʻike ka aʻalolo, wehe ʻia nā ʻāpana i hoʻopili ʻia, e mālama ʻia ka mea kanu me ka hopena o ka disubstituted sodium phosphate (1 g no 1 pākē wai) a i ʻole nā fungicides (benlat, etc.).

ʻO ka ʻōpala Powdery

ʻO ka ipukukui Powdery - kahi maʻi ʻoho, hōʻike ʻia i loko o ke ʻano o ka uhi keʻokeʻo ma luna o nā pua, peduncles a me nā lau o senpolia. Me he mea lā ua pīpī ʻia lākou me ka palaoa.

Hoʻāliʻi ʻia ka pālahalaha o ka palaena i ka lepo a me ka lepo ma luna o nā mea kanu, nā window window, a me nā noho. Pono ia e mālama maʻemaʻe. Pono e holoi ʻia nā paila a me nā pā i ka wai me ka wai mahana.

ʻO ka loaʻa ʻana o ka maʻi e hāʻawi pū kekahi i ka ʻomaʻeha ʻokoʻa (ma hope o ka lumi), nā pōkole pōkole o ka lā (7-8 mau hola i ka lā), a me nā haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa ma ke ʻano haʻahaʻa (14-16 ° C).

Hoʻomaopopo hou ʻia ka maʻi inā loaʻa ka hoʻopukapuka ʻo ka earthen i ka nui o ke kanikani, akā ʻaʻole lawa ka pālato me ka phosphorus.

Hiki ke hoʻoholo ʻia ka momona o ka paka ma ke ʻano o ka ʻula e ke ʻano o nā mea kanu, ke ʻano, e ke kūlana o nā ʻōpio lau i ka ulu. Me ka hoʻomohala maʻamau o ka senpolia, ulu maikaʻi nā lau ʻōpio, ulu maikaʻi. Ma muli o ka huehue o nā waihona haukapila, waiho kēia mau lau a hoʻoneʻe, hoʻomaha i ka lālani o nā lau. Ma hope mai, ua hoʻokuʻu ʻia nā lau ʻōpio mai ka wā e ʻā ana. Ulu ka mea kanu, waiho nui ma ka nui o ka nui, lilo i mānoʻo a palupalu. ʻOi aku ka palupalu ʻo Saintpaulia, ʻoi aku ka liʻiliʻi o nā pua, ma mua o ka maʻamau, nā helehelena ʻaoʻao.

No ka hoʻopau i kahi pala o ka pauma, pono, ʻoi loa, e hoʻohana i nā fungicides. I kekahi manawa pono ʻoe e mālama i ka hoʻemi ʻana i ka ʻike o ka nitrogen. No ka hana ʻana i kēia, e hoʻolele ʻia kahi ʻaha lehua i ka wai mahana (30 ° C) - he 0.3 lita no pā. Ma hope iho, hānai iā ia me ka phosphorus a me potassium fertilizers (1 g no 1 lita o ka wai).

ʻO nā fungicides i hoʻohana ʻia nā mea ma hope o ka hoʻoili ʻana, ʻaʻole e hōʻino i nā lau lehelehe o senpolia a ʻaʻole i waiho i nā wahi. ʻO ka hopena kūpono o ka benlate (fundozole, 1 g no 1 pākaha o ka wai) e whai pono, e hoʻohana ʻia no ka mālama i nā lau lāʻau a me ka hoʻonaninani i ka ʻula ʻeleʻele. ʻO ka maʻamau, ua lawa ka pīpī ʻana, akā inā ʻaʻole i loaʻa nā hopena i makemake ʻia, e hoʻihoʻi ʻia ma hope o 10 mau lā.

Hoʻokuʻe hou ka Fundozol i nā mea kanu o kekahi mau maʻi maʻi. ʻAʻole pili ia i nā lau o ka senpolia, akā i kekahi manawa e hoʻokaʻawale i nā wahi anuanu nā mea i hoʻoiho ʻia e ka wai.

Hana manuahi ʻoihana ʻoihana - ʻo ka sodium disodium phosphate (kahi kumu o ka mālama ʻana i ka pulehu iki o ka hua o ka hua, hua ʻōpala a me nā mea kanu ornamental) e kūpono ana i ka mea e hana ai ʻo ia no ka loea fosfate Ma hope o ka mālama ʻana me kēia hoʻomākaukau, ʻaʻole iʻino nā lau, akā e ʻāpono nā wahi i nā pua pua. ʻO nā pua ʻalani a pua i ulu nā pua a me nā pua.

Ke hoʻohana ʻia nā sodium disodium phosphate, ʻaʻole pono e hoʻonui ʻia ke ʻano o ka hoʻonā wai. No ka mālama lau, lawe i ka 1 g o ka lāʻau no ka 1.5 lita o ka wai, a no ka hoʻoulu ʻana i nā mea kanu - 1 g per 1 lita o ka wai. ʻO ka maʻamau maʻamau ka lawa, i nā hihia koʻikoʻi, hiki ke hoʻomau ʻia ma hope o nā lā 10-12. ʻAʻole ia e hāʻawi i ke kiʻi i ka senpolia ma mua o ʻelua mau manawa. E hoʻopau pū ana kēia lāʻau lāʻau i ka moka ma ka honua.

Ma hope o ka hoʻomoʻa ʻana i ka violet me nā fungicides, pono loa e haʻalele i nā pua a me nā wāwae. Pono ka mahana i nā hopena ʻoluʻolu no ka hoʻouka ʻana. I mea e pale ʻole ai i nā ʻā ʻana o nā lau ma hope o ka holoi ʻana, ʻae ʻia lākou e maloʻo i kahi ʻāpana.

Saintpaulia, a i ʻole ʻōleʻa ʻo Uzambara

ʻO nā maʻi ʻaʻole i loaʻa

Hoʻopilikia pinepine nā maʻi noncommunicable ma muli o nā haunaele i ka hoʻomohala ʻenehana. Hiki iā lākou ke kū ma kahi kope a ʻaʻole e hoʻouna ʻia i nā poʻe ʻē aʻe.

ʻO ka ʻō ʻana o ke kumu a me ka ʻōnaehana kumu

ʻO ka ʻoli ʻana o ke kumu a me ka ʻōnaehana kumu o ka senpolia. ʻO kahi hōʻailona mua o ka ʻaloli ʻana o ka ʻōpala, ʻo ia ke wilting o nā lau haʻahaʻa. E maloʻo lākou, me he mea lā he lepo, inā hoʻohuʻu ka mea kanu (ʻoiai ua palupalu ka ʻilihene). Hiki ke ʻike ʻia ka pala o nā aʻa a me ke kumu i ka wā e hoʻololi ai. Hiki ke kanu i nā kumu ma ka lepo koʻikoʻi koʻikoʻi, kahi pālahalaha nui o nā mea kanu i ka hoʻohui lepo, nā ipu nui, ka ʻōpū me ka wai anuanu, ʻaʻole i lawa ka nui o ka ea (ma lalo o 20 ° C), kanu mau hohonu.

I nā ʻōkelē pākahi o ka senpolia, ua pala ka ʻōpala i ka wā o ka hoʻopili ʻana i ka honua, i ʻole he hala ʻole o ka lewa i nā aʻa. I kēia hihia, ʻokiʻoki ka māhele o ka lāʻau i loko o ka lepo, e ulu wale nā aʻa ma luna o ka papala luna o ka earthen coma (nui loa ka piko o nā lau) i nā lau o ka lau o nā lau i kā lākou lei a me ka paʻa o ka ʻāina. Hoʻopili maikaʻi ʻia lākou i loko o kahi hoʻohui hou earthen. Inā ʻaʻole hana ʻia kēia, ua make nā mākau a ua make ka mea kanu.

ʻAi a me ke kipi ʻana o nā lau haʻahaʻa

I loko o kahi ulu olakino, ma lalo o nā kūlana o ka maʻi maʻamau, ka lālani haʻahaʻa ma lalo o nā lau e hana pono, maʻamau ma kahi o hoʻokahi makahiki. A laila hele mai kahi ulu kūlohelohe o lākou. ʻO ka Senpolia lau e hoʻololi i ka kala, nā wahi melemele i ʻike ʻia me nā hōʻailona o ka pala ʻole a hoʻomaloʻo i ka ʻaoʻao. I ko lākou wā'ōpiopio, wehe ʻia kēia mau lau e ka hemo ʻana i ke kumu o ka mana.

Hoʻopā pinepine ʻia nā pahu o nā lau olakino olakino i nā wahi e hoʻopili ai me nā kihi o ka pahu pālala, inā ʻaʻole lākou i ʻalike. Ke pale i kēia, ua hana mua ʻia nā kihi o nā pā pā palela me nā lau o ka varnish a i ʻole nā kāwili i hoʻoheheʻe ʻia o ka ʻono kūlohelohe (0.2 mau ʻāpana), ka rosin (1 ʻāpana) a me ke aniani wili (2 mau ʻāpana). ʻAʻole hiki ke hoʻomohokoke ʻia ka hui ʻana (lawe ʻia i kahi pua) - hoʻoneʻe ʻia kēia mau aniani ma nā kihi o nā ipu, kahi mea hiki ʻole. I ka wā o ka hoʻōla ʻana, ua hoʻohuihui ʻia ka ipu i loko o ka wai i hoʻoheheʻe ʻia e 0.5-1 cm a hoʻohuʻu koke ʻia i ka wai anuanu.

Hiki iā ʻoe ke hana i nā kolo o nā ipu, hoʻolei iā lākou i ka pā mea hoʻoheheʻe i hoʻoili ʻia me 1/8 ʻāpana o ka ʻaila a i ʻole ka wī maʻa. Hāʻawi i ka paraffin meli i nā hopena maikaʻi aʻe, ʻoiai ka heʻe ʻana, e lele ka ʻalā, pōkole a me nā algae ma kēia wahi.

Hana kekahi mau māla i nā mea ʻē aʻe. Lālau lākou i ka uea palupalu mānoʻoki, ʻoki ia a laila a ʻokiʻoki i kahi ʻāpana e like me ke kaʻe o ka pā hao, kau ma ka ʻaoʻao, pēlā e pale ai i nā petioles o nā lau. I kekahi manawa ua hoʻokomo nā mea aloha i nā kākoʻo kūikawā no nā lau mai ka ua keleawe i ʻole e moe ai lākou ma nā kihi o ka potita, akā ʻaʻole e nani ka nani.

I ka wā kanu, ua hōʻeha pinepine nā petioles o nā lau haʻahaʻa i ka senpolia. I ka wā e hiki mai ana, hoʻomaka ka lau o nā lau i ka ʻala. Pono lākou e hoʻokaʻawale, kāpīpī i ke koʻokoʻo i ka pahu wāwahi me ka pala kōnī.

Nā lau ʻeleʻele o Saintpaulia

ʻO nā kumu nui ka hoʻomālamalama nui, ke hāʻule ka lā a me ka popo i ka mea kanu, a i ʻole e nāwaliwali nāwaliwali, a me ka mau ʻole o ka nāu o nā ʻōpū a me nā mea kanu i ka lepo. Me ka loaʻa ʻole o nā mea kanu i ka pauahi earthen, ʻoi aku ka lole ʻana o luna (ʻaʻole ikaika ikaika loa). Inā, ma hope o kēia, ʻaʻole ʻike ʻia nā hopena maikaʻi, a laila pono e nānā i ke ʻano o ka hoʻonaninani o ka lepo. Pono e hoʻoneʻe loa i ka momona (pH ma lalo o 4) a i ʻole ka alkaline (pH ma luna o 7) e pono i ka honua.

Saintpaulia leaf spot

Ma ka ʻaoʻao hema o nā lau aia i nā kākā, nā pōpoki o ke ʻano kūlike, keʻokeʻo, ʻeleʻele a i ʻole kahi brownish i kaʻulaʻula. ʻO ka pinepine loa, ʻo ia ka hopena o ke kahe i ka lā maka lohi (inā paha inā e hāʻule i ka lau ʻūhū ma hope o ka hoʻoulu ʻia), ka holoi ʻana me ka wai anuanu a pulu paha paha. Hiki ke loaʻa kēia mau wahi i ka hoʻoilo, ke kuhikuhi ʻia kahi kahawai o ka ea anuanu i nā mea kanu i ka wā hōʻali. Inā ʻaʻole e hala nā wahi ʻē aʻe, pono ʻoe e kali a hiki i ka ulu ʻana o nā lau uliuli hou. I mea e nānā aku ai i nā pōkole o nā pōpoki, pono ʻoe e mālama i ka mahana o ke ea ākea, kiʻekiʻe ka nui o nā mea kanu mai ka lā maka pololei, mai kau i nā mea kanu me nā lau maloʻi ma ka pukamona.

Hoʻolaha nā kūleʻa i nā lau o Saintpaulia

Kike ʻia kēlā mau wahi i loko o ka lumen. Hōʻike ʻia lākou mai ka hoʻonaʻina ʻana o ka nui o ka wai, ʻoi aku ka nui o ka lau i ka lau (no ka laʻana no laila, he nui nā lau ʻaʻole i pau ʻole. I kēia hihia, hiki iā ʻoe ke hoʻokahe i ka ʻaha lehu me kahi hopena palupalu o ka potassium permanganate (ʻulaʻula), hoʻoponopono i ke ʻano irrigation a hoʻololi i nā ʻano o ka earthen.

Saintpaulia, a i ʻole ʻōleʻa ʻo Uzambara

ʻO ka wehe a me ka hoʻomaloʻo ʻana o ka pua ʻo Saintpaulia

Hoʻolomo ʻia kēia i ka maloo nui a me ka hoʻāla kiʻekiʻe o ka ea (ʻo ia mau ʻano i ʻike pinepine ʻia i ka hoʻoilo, me ka hoʻomohala kū ʻana), nā hola ʻona pōkole (emi iho ma lalo o 9 mau hola i ka lā), a me ka lepo acidic (pH ma lalo o 4.5). ʻO ka lepo momona loa e loaʻa ana i ka nui o ke nitrogen ka hopena.

ʻO ka hina o nā pua a me nā ʻōpū o Saintpaulia

ʻO ke kumu nui he loli hoʻololi i nā kūlana o waho. No ka hoʻohalike, ulu ka senpolia a puaʻa i loko o kahi lumi me ka ea wai nui (ma ke kaila), akā laila ua neʻe ʻia i kahi keʻena kahi haʻahaʻa o ka ea o ka ea. Ma kahi o ka senpolia mai kahi malulu ua neʻe ia ma kahi e kiʻekiʻe nui ai ka mahana, a i ka wā e hoʻoheheʻe ʻia i ka hoʻoilo, ua hāʻule ka wai o ke anuanu i ka mea kanu. Hoʻokomo pū i nā mea kanu i ka hāʻule o nā pua a me nā pua me kahi hoʻonā o nā mea kanu o ka hoʻonui nui ʻana.

ʻO nā ʻano like a me nā ʻano o Saintpaulia

Saintpaulia aia ma kahi o iwakālua mau mea kanu.

ʻO nā ʻano kaulana loa:

ʻEleʻele ka Saintpaulia (Saintpaulia confusa) - kahi mea kanu me kahi pīkoki kūpono ke kiʻekiʻe a hiki i 10 cm ke kiʻekiʻe. ʻO nā pua ʻalaʻula-violet, me nā ʻāpana melemele, i ʻili ʻia i ʻehā mau māla.
Saintpaulia violet-pua pua, a i ʻole Saintpaulia violet (Saintpaulia ionantha) - ma ke kūlohelohe, ua hōʻole ka mea kanu-pua nā pua, akā ʻo ka waihoʻoluʻu o nā mea kanu i hoʻomohala i hiki ke ʻano like ʻole: keʻokeʻo, ʻulaʻula, ʻulaʻula, uliuli, violet. Keala nei nā lau ma luna, he ʻulaʻula-ʻōmaʻomaʻo ma lalo nei.
Senpolia Magungen (Saintpaulia magungensis) - he mea kanu me nā kūmole ulu a hiki i 15 cm ke kiʻekiʻe a waiho a me ka mamao o ka 6 cm paha ma nā kolo hemo. He ulaula nā pua, ʻili ʻia a ʻelua a ʻehā paha.
Saintpolitheitei (Saintpaulia teitensis) - ka ʻike ʻike ʻole mai nā ʻāina kuahiwi ma ka hema o Kenya, he mea hoʻomalu.

Saintpaulia, a i ʻole uzambara violet

I kēia manawa, nui nā ʻano senpolia i uhi ʻia, ʻo ka hapa nui o lākou he māla. I kēlā mau hybrids, hoʻohana pinepine nā alakaʻi violet i ka hoʻolālā ʻana Saintpaulia hybrid.

ʻO nā ʻano o senpolias i hoʻokaʻawale ʻia i kekahi mau hui, ma mua ka ʻōlelo o ke kala a me keʻano o nā pua a me kā lākou ʻano. Wahi a kēia loiloi, ʻano maʻamau, ʻano hōkū, hōʻano pōmaikaʻi, nā ʻōpū senpoli a me nā senpole-chimeras e hoʻohanohano ʻia.

Wahi a ke ʻano o nā lau, nā mea kanu, ma ka mua, ʻokoʻa like he "keikikāne" a "kaikamahine". He wahi kukui o nā mea kanu a nā “kaikamahine” ma luna o ka ʻaoʻao kumu o nā lau, ʻāpana piha nā ʻano hua like ʻole o nā "keikikāne".

Hoʻohālike ʻia nā ʻano like me ka nui a me ka ʻāpana o ka hale kūʻai: nā nunui, nā miniatur a me nā microminiatures.

ʻO kekahi mau ʻano o Saintpaulia:

"Chimera Monique" - ʻO nā pua o kēia ʻano ua loaʻa i nā petals lilac me kahi palena keʻokeʻo.
"Chimera Myrhana" - nā pua pua o kēia mau ʻōuli he mau ʻōuli pink-ʻulaʻula me kahi palena keʻokeʻo.
"Ramona" - he ʻano me nā pua ʻulaʻala ʻawaʻawa, ma ke kikowaena o nā aniani melemele e nānā kupanaha.
"Nada" - nā ʻano me nā pua keʻokeʻo.

Manaʻo mākou e kōkua kā mākou kikoʻī kikoʻī i ka senpolia iā ʻoe e pale i nā hewa he nui ke ulu ana lākou. ʻO nā mea paʻapū a me nā mea nani o Uzambar violets e leʻaleʻa iā ʻoe me kā lākou pua i ka makahiki āpau a puni.