Ka mea hele wale i ka walnut, cedar, beech a me nā mea ʻē aʻe he nui nō ka lau ʻole. ʻOiaʻiʻo, paʻa kēia mau ʻōlelo, akā paʻa ka poʻe botanist: e manaʻo nei lākou he pua wale wale nō "he hua i loaʻa ai kahi pūlehu e hoʻopuni ai i kahi hua me kahi cryledons a me nā cotyledons." No laila hōʻikeʻike ʻaʻole ʻaʻole kēia. Wahi a terminology botanical koʻikoʻi, ʻo Voloshsky walnut hua (kahi a mākou e kapa nei i kahi ʻōpala) he iwi wale nō o ka hua mai kahi e hoʻoneʻe ʻia ai ka memby ʻiʻo. ʻO nā pine pine wale kahi mea kanu wale nō mai kahi cone. ʻO ka mea hope loa, ʻo ka hua inoa kūpono o ka hua beech, huli ia, ʻaʻole ia he pua, akā he huaʻai.
He aha ka mea kanu e hāʻawi iā mākou i kahi ʻepekema maoli maoli? Ka mea, he mea ʻike maka ka mea nona ka ʻoluʻolu, akā i ka mea i ʻike ʻia ka pelemela i kāhea ʻia.
ʻO Hazel a ʻo Hazel pahaAia ma kahi o Oryol, ma Voronezh a i Ukraine, i ka wā he hau a me ka hapa nui o nā kumulāʻau a me nā kumulāʻau e kokoke ana e ala aʻe i ka wā hoʻoilo o ka hoʻoilo, ua ulu mua ka pilikia a ua hoʻopuʻi ʻia nā pepeiao ona no ka ʻoliʻoli o ke anuanu, ʻo ia hoʻi ka pūnāwai, ka makani kapuaʻi o ke kukui gula. Hoʻonohonoho ʻia ka polena no nā pua wahine keu ʻole o ka hazel e kū nei ma nā lālā o nā pua wahine unobtrusive. ʻO lākou ka mea e hoʻomaʻemaʻe iā lākou i ka wā e hoʻomaka ai ka puna e lawe i kāna kuleana. ʻAʻole manaʻo he pōpilikia ka poʻe Kelemania he hōʻailona o ka pūnāwai, ola a me ka make ʻole. I ka hopena o ke kauwela, hiki iā ʻoe ke hoʻonani hou iā ʻoe iho me nā hua ʻai mua.
ʻAuhea e like ai me ka hoʻokūkū me kahi ʻenekehi launa ʻole a me nā pilikia weliweli me kahi Siberian maikaʻi loa, Carpathian a me "walnut" mau ʻohana walnut? Eia naʻe, wiwo, huki! ʻO ka mea, ke ʻōlelo nei lākou, he lāʻau paʻakikī.
I ka hiki ʻana o nā kenekulia 18th-19, ʻo ia kekahi o nā paionia o ka ʻūhulu Lūkini a me ka ululāʻau, ʻo Andrei Timofeevich Bolotov, i ka hana "ʻO kekahi mau ʻōlelo e pili ana i ka pōloli ikemaka.
ʻO Hazel a ʻo Hazel paha"Ua hue nā pua ʻalika a pau a hoʻomaka a hewa loa, kākau ʻo A. Bolotov e pili ana i kona ʻike, no laila he nui nā nati, ua hānau nui ʻia a maikaʻi loa ʻaʻole i helu ʻia nā helu maikaʻi loa a nui loa a hōʻiliʻili ʻia a loaʻa mai kēia wahi liʻiliʻi mai ia aku ai a i ʻole ka nui, akā ʻaʻole i ʻoki ʻia ka ulu lāʻau. "
Aneane ʻole a ʻaʻohe loli, ua loaʻa kēia ʻike koʻikoʻi i kēia manawa i kā mākou mau māla maikaʻi loa. ʻOiaʻiʻo, ua kiʻekiʻe ke koi no nā hazelnuts; noho nui ka hazel i ka palena he 1 miliona hekahi.
Ka mea, hele i ka moolelo kahiko i hoʻohana ʻia e A.T. Bolotov. ʻOiai ma nā hana a Theophrastus, Sophocles, Virgil a me Columella, ʻike mākou i nā mea e pili ana i ka moʻomeheu o ka kuʻekuʻe ma ka Mediterranean. He mea minamina wale naʻe ia i loko o ko mākou manawa i ka mea i loaʻa i ka nahele ke komo i ka pilikia ma waena o nā hihia.
He kūpono kūpono e mālama i nā malu o kēia nut. ʻAʻole hiki ke hilahila ʻia kahi ʻōlelo maikaʻi e ka hana aloha ʻole ʻole o ka poʻe ulu lāʻau: Kharkiv kamaʻāina F.A. Pavlenko a me Muscovite R.F. Kudasheva, nā mea hana lāʻau hoʻonaninani ʻo Mecca-Michurinsk, a me nā loea hana hazelnut mai Kiev a Sochi.
ʻO Hazel, a ʻo Hazel Rifolia (Hazel)E kipa i ka Cheerful Bokovenki arboretum ma Kirgograd wahi i ka hoʻomaka mua o Kepakemapa. ʻAe o nā ʻano nati ʻaʻole ʻoe e hoʻonaina ma ʻaneʻi, a he ʻohana āpau lākou o kahi mea maʻamau maʻamau. No nā makahiki 30, ua aloha lākou iā Pavlenko, a pehea ka nui o lākou i laha aku i kahi mamao loa o ka nut oasis!
E hōʻike aku i kahi ululāʻau hoʻokolohua kūloko (16 tausani mau pua) iā ʻoe ma nā kula a me Kudashev, ka mea nāna i lawe i ka pākeke mai Akademie A.S. Yablokov a koho i nā ʻano hana kupanaha he nui i loko o ka ululāʻau o Lūkia waena.
Hōʻike nā haʻawina i loaʻa i nā kānaka kahiko o ka Mediterranean ke kumu o nā kumu waiwai mai nā wahi mauna o Caucasus a me Crimea. Ua manaʻoʻiʻo ia ua lawe ʻia ka inoa ʻepekema kūikawā o ka hazel "Avellana" mai ka Roma. Hele mai ia mai i ke kūlanakauhale ʻo Avellino, ʻo ia ke kikowaena o ka moʻomeheu kuʻuna ma Roma kahiko.
He konikani nui no nā mea kanu lāʻau, ʻoluʻolu ʻo Georgy Nikolaevich Vysotsky i aloha mau i kā mākou hazelnut Avellanochka.
ʻO Hazel a ʻo Hazel pahaʻAʻole liʻiliʻi kahi pōpilikia maʻamau i waiwai i ka aila, ka momona a me nā mea waiwai e pono ai, ʻo nā hoahānau pili pili loa ia: Manelurian hazel (ma ka Far East), nā pālahalaha variegated (ma Siberia) a me nā huaʻai he nui o ka pōʻino: hazelnuts. A ʻo ka hope loa, kahi lāʻau nui, keʻokeʻo, nani like me ka cypress a me ka popramidal poplar, he pāhule lāʻau, a i ʻole he hazelona mai ka Caucasus. Ma ke ala, ua kapa aku lākou iā ia ma muli o kona hoʻohui i nā nati o ka mea nona ka hui kalapu ʻo nā kumu lāʻau Caucasian e kō ana ma luna.
Hiki iā mākou ke hoʻomau e kamaʻilio e pili ana i nā ʻano lāʻau like ʻole, kahi i hoʻohana nui ʻia ai nā hua e ke kanaka. Hiki i kekahi ke hoʻopaʻapaʻa maoli i nā nati, a he ʻoiaʻiʻo ke hāʻawi hewa ʻia i kēia inoa, a ʻoi aku ka nui o ia mea, a he liʻiliʻi hoʻi i ka wānana a Michurin. Ma ke ala, he mau hoʻonaʻauao like ʻole kēia mau hoʻopaʻapaʻa, nā nīnū e noho ʻē aʻe, he mea ʻono lākou a maikaʻi loa. A he mau ʻokoʻa ʻē ko lākou, no ka mea, ʻo ka ʻiʻo maoli ka hua ʻana mai ka palaoa, a me ka palaoa, a me ka bale, a me ka palaoa. ʻO ka mea makemake e makemake. No laila, lawelawe ʻoi a pau i ka kanaka me ka maʻa mau, a hiki ke ʻōlelo maluhia ʻo lākou āpau, me ka manawa pū, e loaʻa ana ka wā i wānana ʻia e Ivan Vladimirovich Michurin.
ʻO ka Hazel a i ʻole ka hazelNā pilina i nā huahana:
- S. I. Ivchenko - Buke e pili ana i nā kumulāʻau
