Nā Pepa Lehua "" Cavalier Star "

No Passiflora kahi ʻohana nui (e pili ana iā 300 mau ʻano) i pili ʻia i nā mea kanu a me nā mea kanu. ʻO ka Passiflora kahi lāʻau thermophilic, no laila, ulu ka ulu a me nā subtropics: ma ʻAmelika Hema, Guinea, Australia, New Zealand, Madagascar, Sumatra, a me Passiflora ulu i nā wahi like ʻole - nā ulu lāʻau ʻōpala, nā ʻenepeke, nā savannas, a me nā wahi kanu sultry.

ʻO Passiflora (kahi inoa ʻē aʻe no ka mea kanu "kuko") kekahi o nā mea kanu nani a kaulana ʻole i ka honua. ʻAʻole like ka Passionflower i kekahi pua ʻē aʻe. I loko o ka pālahalaha ākea ākea pālua, he lei lei nani o nā kaula lōʻihi a i ʻole pōmaikaʻi. Ma ka waenakonu o ka pua i kū i kahi ovary me ʻekolu stigmas crosswise i hoʻopuni ʻia e nā ʻalemona ʻelima me nā keʻa antlong nui. ʻAʻole hiki ke wehewehe pono i ka pua hoihoi. E ʻike ʻoe i kou mau maka ponoʻī.

ʻO Blue Passion a i ʻole ka hōkū Cavalier a i ʻole nā ​​Passiflora uliuli. © Nacho

I ka hoʻomaka ʻana o nā kenekulia XX. He mau misionari Sepania i hele mai i ʻAmelika Hema ma hope o Columbus me ka pīhoihoi i ka ʻike ʻana i ka pua pua. Ua like ka lei perianth iā lākou me he lei aliʻi o nā kakalaioa, nā ʻōpala a me nā mea weliweli - e like me nā mea hana o ka hōʻeha, a me nā mea āpau - e like me "ke ʻano o nā makemake o ka Haku." No laila ua like ka inoa passiflora, nona nā hua'ōlelo Latin - makemake a me ka waihoʻoluʻu, a i ka ʻatikala Lūkini e like like.

Aia kekahi inoa inoa nani ʻo Rūsia no ka pua puaʻa - "cavalier star." No nā mea nani, nani a nani loa, hoʻohālikelike ka pua ʻōpala me kahi hōkū cavalier - ʻo kekahi o nā makana maikaʻi loa o Tsarist Lūkini, kahi hōkū o ke Order of the Holy Apostme Andrew the First-Called, i hoʻonani ʻia me ke gula, nā mekala a me nā momi. ʻAʻole hiki ke ʻōlelo ʻia ʻo ke alakaʻi o kēia kauoha ke alakaʻi nui a Suvorov. ʻO ka moʻolelo kēia o ka inoa inoa inoa lua ʻo Ria passiflora.

Puhi manu pua lehelehe, a i ʻole nā ​​hua ʻoluʻolu Brazil. © Dick Culbert

ʻAe nā mele pua nani nani i nā poeta, nā mea pena i paʻi ʻia. Ma nā'āina hema, ua hoʻohana ʻia ka pua hoihoi i mea kanu ʻano nani: mahalo i kona antennae, he ʻūpū a puni nā hale, nā pukuniahi a me nā haki. Hiki ke ʻike ʻia ka pua Passion i loko o nā māla a me nā pā o ke kūlanakauhale, a me kona kiʻi - i loko o ke kiʻi o nā haku kaulana o nā kenekulia XVIII-XIX.

I loko o nā hale nui o ka honua, ua ulu ka makemake a me ka pua wale nō ma muli o kāna mau pua, akā no ka mea ʻala o nā hua ʻai, nā aʻa lāʻau a me nā lau. Noho aloha nā poʻe noho o nā ʻāina hema i nā hua o ka pua hoihoi. Aʻala ko lākou ʻiʻo me ka momona, like me nā gooseberries maoa.

Ma kahi o 30 mau ʻano me ka hua ʻai maikaʻi, ʻike ʻia, ʻaʻole naʻe i hōʻike ʻia nā mea āpau i loko o ka moʻomeheu. Aia i nā hua he ʻano ʻāpana like - mai ka melemele a me ka poni. ʻO ka ʻano o nā hua ka mea ʻokoʻa loa: oval, spherical a ovoid paha. ʻEkolu a ʻekolu paha paha mau lau.

Kolona a manuʻula paha nā Passiflora uliuli, māla "Constance Eliott". © Seán A. O'Hara

Hoʻohana maʻamau ka makemake i nā pua aloha. ʻO ka kala, ka palaahi, sorbet a me nā mea inu ʻē aʻe i hana ʻia mai kāna hua momona a ʻono hoʻi a hiki i 9 cm ka lōʻihi. Akā ʻo nā hua ʻalaʻula ʻalani-ʻulaʻula loa o ka pua pua i makemake ʻia. He ʻono maikaʻi lākou, a ua hoʻomākaukau ʻia nā ʻano ʻaina ono mai lākou. ʻAe, mahalo ka minamina tetrahedral me ka nui o kona mau hua, he 25-30 cm ke lōʻihi a kaupaona 2-2.5 kg. Hāʻawi ʻia iā lākou no ka palaoa a hoʻohui ʻia i nā ʻai ʻai hua. ʻO ka hua ʻai momona o kēia ʻano makemake i like me ka ʻuala momona (ʻo ka momona hua). Ua kālai ʻia kona mau aʻa ma nā hua. Ke ulu lākou i 4 kg a hoʻohana pinepine ʻia e ka poʻe noho o nā ʻāina hema no ka meaʻai. No ka hoʻomākaukauʻana i kahi mea inu wai kīwī, ua hoʻohana ʻo Aborigines i nā lau aloha līkiko a me nā lau o ka pua silky.

Ma kahi o kēia mau pono āpau, ʻo ka pua ʻono i hoʻokahi mea hou: ʻoi aku ka nui o kāna mau ʻano lāʻau i nā lāʻau lapaʻau (ʻoiai inā e hoʻomaopopo ʻia ma waena o nā pua makemake i loaʻa ka mea make). Hoʻohālikelike ʻia ka ʻulaʻulaʻula nui i nā ʻona maikaʻi, i ʻike ʻia a hiki i nā ʻōiwi. Hoʻohana ʻia nā ʻāpana o kāna wahi momona i ke ʻano o ka hōʻoluʻolu o ka nīnao. ʻIke ʻia ʻo Passionflower e ka lāʻau lapaʻau. ʻO ia ka mahele o ka lāʻau lapaʻau lāʻau Novo-Passit.

ʻO Blue Passion a i ʻole ka hōkū Cavalier a i ʻole nā ​​Passiflora uliuli. © Hans-Peter

E like me ka mea kanu nani, ua hoʻokomo pū ʻia ka kuko aloha i loko o ka moʻomeheu o loko. Eia naʻe, ʻoi aku ka mamao. ʻOiai no ka mea maikaʻiʻole ka mea kanu, koi, paʻakikī i nā papa hana. ʻO ka pinepine, ʻo kahi pua pua a Brazil kahi manaʻo puaa me nā pua ʻalaia hoʻi, ʻoi aku ka nani o ka mea i hiki ke haʻi ʻia i kahi wā lōʻihi. Ua ulu wikiwiki, hiki i ka 5-6 m ke kiʻekiʻe, akā pono ke kākoʻo, i hiki iā ia ke hopu me kona antennae. Hola kēia ʻano holoholona, ​​ʻaʻohe, ʻaʻole mau. Akā inā e pua ana, a laila no ka manawa lōʻihi, mai Iulai a Kepakemapa, ʻoiai ke pōkole ke ola o ka pua hoʻokahi - i hoʻokahi lā wale nō. A no nā hua hoihoi, ʻaʻole hiki iā mākou ke kamaʻilio e pili ana iā lākou, no ka mea ua hoʻohua ʻia ka mea kanu e nā pepeke a me nā hummingbirds.

Ke koi nei ʻo Passionflower i ka mahana wela. I ke kauwela, makemakeʻo ia i ka wela wela, a i ka hoʻoilo ke mālama ʻia ia i loko o kahi lumi maloʻo, ʻaʻohe anuanu i ka inu. Kūleʻa ka pua Passion i ka lepo i hoʻohui ʻia me nā mea hui o ka ʻōmaʻomaʻo, turf, peat a me ka one (3: 2: 1: 1) ʻāina. No ka ulu maʻamau i ka hoʻoilo, pono ka mea kanu me nā fertilizers a me nā minela. Hoʻomalaha e nā ʻokiʻoki i ka pūnāwai a me ka lūlū a me nā hua. Lawe ʻia ka hua lūlū ma Pepeluali-Mei. Kūleʻa palu nā līlū, no laila ma mua o ka lūlū ʻia pono lākou e hoʻomoʻa i kahi lā i ka wai mahana. Kulu līlū i nā hua meakanu ʻaʻole pono e lulu ma luna o ka maloo wai, kāpīpī ʻia ma luna me kahi ʻāpanaʻelima mauʻelima mauʻāpana. Ma hope o kēia, pono e kau i nā hua līlī ma kahi mahana (18-24 ° C) a me ka ʻike pono ʻaʻole e hāʻule ka hāleʻa ma lalo o 8 ° C. No ka paleʻana i ka mea kanu mai ka lā pololei, ua uhi ʻia ia me ka polyethylene a hiki i ka wā e puka mai ai.

Poa lehelehe polū a Passiflora uliuli. © André Zehetbauer

Pono ka pua hānai ma ka home e nānā nui, akā pono kahi mea kanu nani i kēia mea, a e hōʻoia nā hopena i nā hana āu i hana ai.

Mea i hoʻohana ʻia:

• G. Martynyuk