Mai ka loaʻa ʻana o nā hua ʻala o nā kofe honua a puni ka honua, ua ulu kēia mau mea kanu i nā wahi a pau. ʻO kaʻoiaʻiʻo, i ka wā e ulu nei i ka hale me kahi lāʻau kofe, ʻaʻole ia he hiki ke loaʻa iā ʻoe kahi papa piha piha o ka hale, akā, ʻo ka pā hale i loko nō kahi o nā mea hoʻokiʻina nui e like me ke kipa i hoʻomaikaʻi ʻia i kēlā me kēia kolamu hui.
ʻO ke kumulāʻau lāʻau keke a i ʻole kākae (Coffe) pili i ka ʻohana Marena. ʻĀina - nā ʻāpana ʻāina o ʻApelika.
Ua hele mai kahi moʻolelo e pili ana i ka pono o ke kīkī mai ka wā kahiko, ka mea e hōʻike ana i hoʻokahi kahuhipa i ʻoki ʻia i ʻai i nā hua mai ka ulu lāʻau kīwī. Ma hope o kēlā, kuʻe nā kao i ka pō a ala, ala. Hōʻike ʻo ia i kēia i kahi mullah, kahi hiamoe nui i loko o ka hale pule. Ua hoʻoholo ʻo Mullah e ʻike i nā hopena o kēia mau huaʻa. A ʻoi maoli, kōkua nā huaʻai i ka mullah.
I ka makahiki 1591, ua kamaʻilio ke kauka Italia ʻo Prosper Alpinus, e hele pū ana me ka emoona Venetian ma ʻAigupita, i kēia mea inu. I kona hoʻi ʻana mai, ua hoʻi mai ʻo ia i kekahi mau pīni ʻaʻa a kamaʻilio e pili ana i nā ola hōʻola. I ka 1652, ua wehe ʻia ka hale kofe mua ma Ladana. ʻO kēia mau hale liʻiliʻi, maʻalahi i ʻōluulu koke a laila i loko o kekahi mau makahiki he mau tausani kaukani kau.
Mai ʻo ia mau lā, ʻaʻohe ʻōlelo nui i loaʻa iā mākou i loko o kā mākou manawa, ua ʻākoakoa nā kānaka i loko o ka lehulehu, e aʻo ana a kūkākūkā i nā lono hou loa, a me nā ʻano kālepa like ʻole ma laila. Inā makemake lākou e aʻo i kahi mea e pili ana i kahi kanaka, ʻaʻole lākou i nīnau iā ia ma kahi o ke kūlanakauhale e noho nei ia, a ʻo ia hale hale kipa āna e kipa aku ai. ʻO nā ipu kukui mua i hoʻokomo ʻia ma ke kūlanakauhale ua waiho ʻia ma kahi kokoke i nā hale kūʻai kawena.
ʻO ka kofe, kahi lāʻau liʻiliʻi i hānau mua i nā ʻApelika Aferika a me Abyssinia, ua loaʻa i kāna home lua ma Brazil. ʻO nā ʻano maikaʻi o ke kofe - nā Arabia a me Kenyan - ua koʻikoʻi ko lākou kiʻekiʻe ma mua o ke kīkī mai nā ʻāina ʻē aʻe. Eia nō naʻe, ma India, e kanu pū kekahi i ka lau ma kahi ʻano nui.
ʻO nā ʻano lāʻau laʻau i ulu i ka wahi mua ʻo ka ʻāpala Arab, ka mea e noho ana ma 90% o ia wahi. Hoʻoulu maikaʻi kēia ʻano, ka pua a me nā hua i loko o nā kūlana lumi.
He aha ke ʻano o kahi lāʻau kīkī: ka wehewehe lāʻau
ʻO ke kipa kahi lāʻau evergreen, liʻiliʻi i nā mākeke. ʻO ka lāʻau kofe kahi hale lāʻau hoihoi maikaʻi, ma ka home me ka mālama pono e ulu a hiki i 2 m ke kiʻekiʻe.
ʻO nā lau he nui, aila (10-15 cm), pāhawewe, shiny, me ka petiole pōkole, loaʻa kahi ʻōmaʻomaʻo. He ʻula kā lākou me ka lei aliʻi i kuhikuhi ʻia. ʻO ka ili o ka ʻōpala he lau kala beige māmā.
ʻO nā pua nā mea ʻala nui, keʻokeʻo a ʻemole paha, i hōʻiliʻili ʻia i ka inflorescences o 3-7 ʻoki i loko o nā koi o nā lau. ʻO nā pua ka bisexual, hoʻoulu i kahi mea momona maikaʻi o ka jasmine.
ʻO kahi hua he huaʻala i kahi kūlana ulu o nā ʻulaʻula ulaula. E like me ka wehewehe, ua like nā hua o nā kofe i nā hua o nā cherries. He liʻiliʻi nā hua, mua ka ʻōmaʻomaʻo, ʻō a i ʻole ka oval. I loko nā mea i kapa ʻia ʻo "beans pīpī." I nā ʻāina kahi e ulu ai ka kofe, e ʻai nā keiki me ka ʻoliʻoli nui i kēia mau huaʻa.
Loaʻa nā pala pala i kā ka aila melemele, loaʻa iā lākou kahi kala ʻulaʻula ʻia ma hope o ke kāwili ʻana. Mai hoʻokahi mākana ulu i loko o ka moʻomeheu lumi, hiki iā ʻoe ke hōʻiliʻili i kahi "hua" a hiki i ka 0,5 kg.
Inā mālama ʻoe i ka lāʻau kofe ma ka home, e like me ka ʻōlelo ʻana e nā mea ulu o mākaukau, hiki i ka mea kanu ke pua a hoʻohua i ka hua i ka manawa like i ka makahiki. He lōʻihi ka lōʻihi o ka lāʻau kofe, ma ke ola ʻana o kēlā me kēia kanaka i ka 200 makahiki (ma nā lāʻau kanu ʻaʻole he 30 mau makahiki). I ka awelika, hiki i kahi lāʻau kofe ke ulu a hiki i ka 1 kg o nā hua ma ka makahiki.
Hoʻopili maʻalahi ka lāʻau kīkī i loko o ka ipu i kahi pōʻino o ka wahi. Hoʻopau kahi ʻano kanu ʻōpio i ke kolu a ʻehā paha o ka makahiki
ʻO ke kiʻekiʻe o kahi lāʻau e hilinaʻi ana i ke ʻano o ka lāʻau. I ka pūnāwai a me ke kauwela wela, ulu nui ka mea kanu; i hoʻokahi makahiki, hiki i ka lāʻau ke ulu i ka 5-10 cm.
Nā kuʻuna a me nā ʻano.
I ka hale, ua ulu wale kekahi mau ulu - ʻawaʻawa kīwā (S. aradisa).
Ua ʻike ʻia kekahi inoa dwarf o ka pua ulu, ka lāʻau kofe - 'Nana' ('Nana') - ʻaʻole iʻoi aku kona kiʻekiʻe ma mua o 50-70 cm.
E nānā i ka nānā ʻana o ka lāʻau kofe i kēia mau kiʻi:
ʻO ka hoʻohana nui ʻana i nā hua lāʻau paʻi
I loko o kahi mau'āina ma Africa, ua kūʻai likeʻia nā lau lāʻau kofe e like me ke kī; ua loaʻa pū kekahi i ka caffeine. ʻAi ʻia ka pulupulu hua hua. ʻO ka inu i hanaʻia mai nā pīkī iʻa i kuhi he mau tonic a me ka hopena vasodilating. He mea kūpono e hāʻawi i kahi infusion o ka lau kalo no ka lāʻau e huki a me ke poʻo ma nā nisa, a ʻo ka ʻūhā a me ke gout.
I ka lāʻau lapaʻau kuʻuna, hana ʻia ka lāʻau lapaʻau mai nā hua kofe. Hoʻohana ʻia ia e kahi mea hoʻomaʻemaʻe no ka make ʻana o ka gastric, ʻoi aku ma mua o nā ʻano āpau āpau. Hoʻohana ʻia ia no nā mea ʻala, ma ka mālama ʻana i nā hōʻeha, mai nā hoʻomakeʻa.
Ma Lūkini, ua ʻike ʻia nā wahi hōʻola o ke kofe i 1665, a noʻonoʻo ia ia he lāʻau lapaʻau nui "e kū'ē i ke anuanu maʻamau a me nā hōʻeha." Ua kākau ʻo ka mea hua kālani kaulana ʻo Karl Linney e pili ana i ke kofe e "... ʻo kēia mea inu e hoʻoikaika ai i ka ʻōpū, kōkua i ka ʻōpū e paʻai i ka meaʻai, hoʻomaʻemaʻe i ka clogged i loko, hōʻoluʻolu i ka ʻōpū." Hiki iā Voltaire ke inu i ka 50 kīʻaha kofe i ka wā, ʻaʻole ka mea i hōʻemi loa iā ia ʻo Honoré de Balzac.
Ma ka hana olakino ua hoʻohana ʻia ʻo ia he mea hōʻeuʻeu o ka ʻoihana ma waena o ka pīpī a me ka vasodilator i ke kaumaha, ke kaumaha o ka naʻau, nā maʻi o ka naʻau, nā ʻeha, ka hypotension, a me nā mea ʻino.
I ka home, ua maloʻo nā huaʻai i loko o ke aniani, i hoʻokuʻu ʻia ma mua o ka pulp. A laila kāpili ʻia a hiki i ka brown, ʻohi ʻia.
ʻO ka caffeine i loko o nā huaʻa he hopena maikaʻi i ka ʻōnaehana cardiovascular, e hoʻonui iki i ke koko.
Pono e noʻonoʻo ʻia i ka wā e inu ai i ka kofe, hoʻohana ke kino iā ia. Inā ua hoʻopau ʻia i nā kiʻi he nui (ʻoi aku ma mua o 5 mau kuke o ke kofe i kēlā me kēia lā), a laila paʻa, a laila, ʻike ʻia i ke ʻano o ke poʻo, hōʻeha, ka huhū, a me kekahi manawa paʻa.
ʻO ka loaʻa ʻana o ka ʻike e pili ana i ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā hua lāʻau kīkele, mai poina i ke kī ʻia ʻole ke kofe ikaika no nā mea maʻi me ka atherosclerosis o ka lāʻau coronary, no ka mea he mea hiki ke hoʻouka i ka angina.
Papaʻi pū kekahi ia e inu i ka kofe no nā keiki, ka pākeke, e hoʻopilikia ana i ka insomnia, me ka piʻi nui o ka irritability, gastritis, a me ka ʻeha puʻuwai. ʻO ka pulp o nā hua momona maikaʻi o nā huaʻai (nā huaʻaila) o ke kīkī ma Aferika e hoʻohana ʻia e hana i nā mea inu ʻākina a e hana ai i ka cafe.
E hana aʻe, e aʻo ʻoe pehea e ulu ai i kahi lāʻau kīʻai ma ka home.
Mālama i ka wā e ulu ana i kahi kīʻaha kofe i loko o ka ipu i ka home (me ka wikiō)
He mea pono paha i ka lumi kahi e waiho ai ka lāʻau kofe, nā māla e ulu ana a kokoke i ka ʻūlū e mālama ʻia, a laila hiki no ke manaʻolana i ka hōʻili, a e loaʻa i nā pīkī ka mana o ka wai.
Kūpono nā lumi i nā lewa me nā ea hou no kona mālama pono ʻia. He kiʻi kumu nui ka nui o ka kīpī: ʻaʻole i launa pū me nā mea kanu ʻē aʻe.
Nohoʻae. Pono ka kofe i kahi lumi mālamalama, aniani, a ma ka hoʻoilo. ʻOi aku ka maikaʻi e waiho i kahi lāʻau kīkele ma nā puka aniani a me nā hikina.
Pono ka kuke i ka nui o ka lā a me ka hau hou, akā, ʻaʻole hiki i nā lāʻau ʻōpio ke kū i ka kū aniani pololei. Kūkulu ka lāʻau kīlepa i ka mālamalama. Inā heʻeleʻele nui loa ia, e hoʻomaka ka ulu wikiwiki aʻe, a hiki i ke kukui mālamalama ke hoʻomālamalama i nā lau a me ka ʻāʻī o nā lau. Me ka nele o ka māmā, e hoʻomaka paha ka necrosis marginal o nā lau.
ʻAʻole ʻōlelo ʻia ka mea kanu e neʻe mai kahi ʻē a i kēia wahi.
Ke ulu a ulu ma ka home, ʻaʻole like me ka lāʻau ulu o ka kofe i ka neʻe e like me ka lemona, akā ua launa pū ʻia i kona wahi a ʻaʻole makemake i ka wā hoʻi. Eia naʻe, i ke kauwela hiki ke waiho i kahi paʻa a i ʻole ka loggia a lawe wale ʻia i waho i ka hale hale ma lalo o ka mana kapu o ka hoʻomau ʻana i ka ʻimi i ka lā (no ka mea ua lawa kēia e kāʻei i kahi lole ma ka ʻaoʻao hema o ka lāʻau).
Kūleʻa ʻOi aku ka maikaʻi o ka hoʻokomo i ka mea kanu i ka mahana o 25-30 ° C, kūikawā i ka wā ulu. No ka ulu maʻamau, kūpono hoʻi ka mahana o ka lumi. I ka hoʻoilo, ua mākole ka mea kanu, a laila pono ia i kahi mahana haʻahaʻa, akā ʻaʻole i hoʻohaʻahaʻa ʻia ma mua o 18 ° C. I ka hoʻoilo, mālama pinepine ka mea kanu i kahi mahana ma lalo o 18 ° C
O ka lepo. ʻO nā pono kumu loina no ka mālama ʻana i kahi kīhāpai kuke lumi me ka maikaʻi a me ka hoʻolimalima. ʻO ka lepo no ka mea kanu i nā ʻāina turf, me ke one kahe a me ka lau o ka humus, i lawe ʻia ma ka hapa o 2: 1: 1, ʻoiai he kūleʻa ka hopena o ka lepo.
Mākaukau ka papa ʻaila mai ka turf a me ka lau laulepa, humus a me ke one (2: 1: 1: 1).
ʻOi aku ka lole. Ke mālama nei i kahi lāʻau kīkī ma ka home, lawe ʻia ke kapa ʻaila mai Mei a hiki i Kepakemapa ʻelua i ka malama me nā hua pua.
I ka ulu ulu ʻana, hoʻopau ka lāʻau kofe i nā mea momona, no laila e pono ke hānai iā ia i hoʻokahi manawa i kēlā me kēia lā 10; ʻoi aku ka makemake o ka nitrogen a me ka pāhare. Mai ka pūnāwai a i ka waena o ʻAukake, ua hānai ʻia ka lāʻau me ka slurry (1: 10) a me ka nui o ka minima mineral, pono ia e loaʻa nā mea i hoʻopiha ʻia, ʻo ia hoʻi ka molybdenum. He mea maikaʻi loa ka AVert Fertilizer.
Kukulu I ke kaʻina ʻana o ka ulu lāʻau kīʻai ma ka home, ua hoʻohua ʻia kahi pua liʻiliʻi i kēlā me kēia makahiki, kahi pākeke - hoʻokahi mau manawa he 2-3 mau makahiki. Hoʻololi ʻia nā mea kanu pālua i ka pūnāwai i nā ipu kiʻekiʻe a ʻoi aku ka nui.
Pehea e hoʻoinu ai a hōʻili i kahi kīlaʻai keke home ma ka home (me ke kiʻi)
Hoʻopili nui wai i ke kauwela, i ke anuanu i ka hoʻoilo, me ka wai e kū ana. Pono ka mea kanu i ka kanu maʻamau, ka mea nui i ka manawa kauwela-kauwela i ka wā o ka ulu o ka ulu ulu. Akā ʻaʻole makemake ʻia ka hoʻolaha ʻana nui. Ma mua o ka hoʻohāinu ʻana i ka lāʻau kīkoʻi, e hōʻoia ʻo ka maloʻo nui o ka honua. Inā ʻaʻole lawa ka wai, a, i ʻole e nui ka lau, a laila hoʻomaka paha nā lau. I ka hoʻoilo, ʻaʻohe pono ʻoe e hoʻoinu i ka kumulāʻau.
E aloha ka lāʻau kīmaʻa i kahi ea hou, pono ke hoʻohaʻahaʻa kiʻekiʻe. Me ka huli ʻana i ka hoʻomehana, ua aʻo ʻia e hoʻōla i ka kofe 2-3 mau lā i ka lā.
E like me ka hōʻike ʻana i ke kiʻi, loaʻa ka lāʻau kīkole i loko i kahi lei kūlohelohe maoli.
I ka kanu ʻana i kahi mea kanu, pono e pōkole wale i nā wana lōʻihi a hoʻopaʻa i ka ulu ʻana o ka mea kanu i ke kiʻekiʻe e like me ka pono. Eia nō naʻe, ulu nā ulu lāʻau mai nā ʻokiʻoki i ke ʻano o kahi lāʻau i pono e hana. No ka mea he photophilous loa ka mea kanu, ua ʻāpono ʻia e kāʻei iā ia a puni ke koena mai ka manawa aku a hiki i ke kūkulu hou i ka lei.
Hōʻike ka mea ma lalo aʻe i ke ʻano o ka hoʻomoʻa ʻana i kahi lāʻau kīʻai ma ka home.
Pehea e hoʻomōliuli ai i kahi lāʻau kīkē ma ka hale me nā hua a me nā ʻokiʻoki
Hoʻopili. ʻO nā hua hou i ʻoki ʻia mai ka ʻulaʻula. Hoʻonui maikaʻi nā līpika i kahi substrate hoʻomehana (25-28 ° C).
Hōʻalo koke nā mea kanu i ko lākou hiki ke kanu ʻana, no laila ʻaʻole pono e mālama ʻia i nā makahiki he ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi, a ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi e lūlū koke ma hope o ke hōʻiliʻili ʻana. Ke ulu i kahi lāʻau kīkīpī, nā hua, peia mai ka pulima, i lulu ʻia i loko o kahi kāwili o ka lepo me ka lepo turf lau, ka lau lau a me ka one (2: 1: 2) i kahi hohonu o 1 cm, pāpaʻu i lalo. Ma mua o ke kanu ʻana, holoi ʻia lākou i ka hopena palupalu o ka potassium permanganate. Pono ke kūleʻa o nā kūleʻa no ka 22-24 tikelī, mālama ʻia ka lolo. Hōʻike nā pana ma hope o nā lā 30-40 lā. Ma hope o ka hoʻomohala ʻana o ka lālani mua o nā lau, kanu ʻia nā mea kanu i loko o nā ipu. ʻO nā makahiki 3-4 mua, ua hoʻohua ʻia ka mea kanu i kēlā me kēia makahiki, ma hope - i kēlā me kēia mau makahiki ʻelua. No nā lāʻau pākeke, hoʻohui ʻia kahi 1 ʻāpana o ka humus i ka lepo.
Hiki iā ʻoe ke pālahalaha i ke kīwī a me ʻokiʻoki, ʻo ka ʻānai ʻana iā lākou i loko o ka ʻili ʻili ma lalo o kahi aniani a ʻōpala paha, i kahi mahana o 28-30 C. Pono lawe ʻia nā ʻokiʻoki mai ka lāʻau hua, inā ʻole ʻoe e kali no ka hua. ʻOkiʻoki i ka mea kanu i ka pūnāwai me nā kihi o nā wana semi-lignified o ka ulu o ka makahiki i hala. Hoʻomaka ka hua laina lāʻau kīpū e hua i nā hua no 3-4 mau makahiki, a ulu nā ulu i ulu ʻia e nā ʻokiʻoki i kekahi manawa i pua i ka wā e hilo ana.
ʻO ka wikiō "Ma ke kīhāpai kīwī ma ka hale" e hōʻike i nā hana maʻamau a pau no ka mālama ʻana i kēia lāʻau.
