ʻO ka palaka kala, ʻo ia kekahi o nā maʻi nui e ʻike ʻia i ka pō i mua o nā pō. ʻO Phytophthora ma ka kamato kekahi o nā kumu nui o ka make o ka ʻōmato hua ma nā wahi me kahi aniani a me kahi ea maikaʻi. ʻO ka pilina ma waena o ka hoʻonaninani ʻana o ka hau me nā hiʻohiʻona kiʻi o nā panikini i nā mea kanu a me nā hua i ʻike ʻia ʻaʻole e aʻo ʻia ka mea ulu ʻole e hele a hoʻonaʻauao e pili ana i nā ʻōpū "hōʻeha" a me ka "ʻona". Hoʻonui ʻia ka hoʻonui nui ʻana o ka nui o nā mea maʻi i hope o ka hāʻule ʻana o ka mahana wela.
No kekahi manawa, ua manaʻo ʻia he mycelium (mycelium) o ka ʻōpū Phytophthora infestans hoʻoilo i ka nui o ka maʻi kamala, a ua pau nā maʻi o nā kāmato mai nā mea kanu i kanu ʻia, akā ua hewa ka hewa. Kūpono ka nui o nā hua manu i ka hau, a no laila hiki ke hoʻopili ʻia ka lepo me lākou, ʻaʻole pili ʻia i nā lāʻau kanu a me nā hua kanu i mālama ʻia i loko o ka wela. A inā hiki i ka hiki ke hoʻōki i nā hua ma mua o ke kanu, a laila paʻakikī loa ka luku ʻana i nā ʻano o ka pau ʻana o ka maʻi i ka lepo a me ka hoʻolālā ʻana i nā ʻōmaʻomaʻo.
No laila, ua like ka ʻōhaka ʻōpiopio ma ka lohi i ke kūpaʻa ikaika loa i waena o nā mea a pau e pili ana i ka mahi ʻana i kēia ʻai, no ka pono kīʻaha ʻehā a i kahi pae mahiʻai.
ʻOiaʻiʻo, hiki ke ʻōlelo ʻia nā ʻano like ʻole no kekahi mau wahi a me nā kūlana e ulu ana.
No laila, no ka laʻana, nā ʻano ʻōmato e kūpaʻa ana i ka puhī i ka wā i Ukraine, ua ʻōlelo ʻia ʻoi aku ma mua o nā wahi ʻē aʻe e pili ana i Kaluga a i ʻole nā Urals. ʻO kēia ma muli o ke ʻano like o nā ʻeleʻele, a me nā mea nui ʻē aʻe i nā kūlana kime.
Inā pōkole loa a me nā koina ʻaina e pono ai e ulu i nā kamato i nā hale ʻōmaʻomaʻo, a laila pono paha ʻoe e hāʻawi i ka makemake i nā mea kanu kūpono i haku ʻia no ka kanu ʻana i ia ʻano ʻano.
He aha lākou e like ai?
He mea kūpono ia e hoʻolōʻihi ʻia nā ʻano kāmala mua e like me nā ʻano i kūleʻa i nā pōpoki hopena.
ʻO kēia ke kumu o ka lōʻihi i ke ola o ka ulu lāʻau, ʻoi ka nui, ka mua, ka pilikia o ka heleʻana, a me ka lua, e hōʻeha ʻia i ka mahana a me nā haʻahaʻa hoʻoliʻeuʻa e hoʻonāukiuki i ka hoʻomohala ʻana o ka maʻi.
No laila, no ka laʻana, i nā wahi he nui me ka haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa a me nā haʻahaʻa kiʻekiʻe, e hoʻomaka ana mai ka hopena o Iulai, e lilo loa ia i mea paʻakikī loa e pale i nā kamaliʻi mai nā maʻi ʻōmaʻomaʻo i ka hopena. Eia kekahi, ʻo nā ʻano like i pale ʻia me ke kūpaʻa, e maʻi wale nō ma kahi hebedoma a i ʻole e maʻi ʻoi aku ka maʻi. Akā, naʻe, ʻaʻoleʻino ka hikiʻana o ka maʻi i ka palekana o ka hua. ʻAʻohe o nā huaʻai i ka manawa e ʻāpala, ai wikiwiki koke nā mea i hala.
Eia nō naʻe, hāʻawi ka hānai i nā ʻano kūpaʻa like ʻole i ka hopena, akā, e hoʻokau i ka mea maikaʻi loa no nā kūlana kūikawā, pono ia i ka hoʻāʻo.
ʻO kekahi, ʻo kēlā me kēia makahiki, makemake ʻo ia i nā ʻano Bobcat, Cameo, Sunny Fighter, De Barao, White Bulk 241, Moskvich, Carrot, Moscow Lights, Otradny, Little Prince, ua koi ʻia kekahi mea e kanu i nā pōlani ma mua, e kiaʻi ʻia ana e loaʻa ka manawa nā mea kanu i ka wā ma mua o ka maʻi.
ʻO nā ʻano like o kamato e kūpaʻa ana i ka puhipuhi o ka wā i loko o nā kula.
- Gnome. Kūpono i nā ʻano kanu mua, kūpono ʻia no ka ʻāina ākea.
- Alpatieva 905 A. Ua kuhi ʻia no ke kanu ʻana i ka ʻāina ākea.
- Budenovka. Kūpono i nā helu waena ma mua, i manaʻo ia no ka mahi ʻai ʻana ma lalo o kahi kiʻi ʻoniʻoni a ma ke kahua ākea.
- De Barao. Nā ʻano hua momona i hala me nā hoʻonoono maikaʻi a me nā ʻano loea.
- ʻEleʻele ka De Barao. ʻAiola-ʻoki ʻokiʻoki i kahi kāwele - hoʻomehana ʻano i manaʻo ʻia no ke kanu ʻana ma lalo o ka kiʻiʻoniʻoni a ma kahi ākea.
- Lark F1. ʻO kahi ʻano kīnika o ka ulu ʻana me ka maikaʻi o ka hoʻoponopono ʻana i ka hua, nā gustatory a me nā hiʻohiʻona loea.
- Kahakau (Dubrava). Hoʻomaka hoʻomaʻamaʻa mua i nā ʻano mea kanu kūpono i manaʻo ʻia no ke kanu ʻana no ka ʻāina me ka wehe.
- La la la F1. ʻO nā ʻano waena waena no ka hoʻohana ʻana, he mea maikaʻi no kēlā me kēia ʻano hoʻohana.
- Union 8 F1. Hybrid ʻano hoʻomaka mua ʻano. He kūpono no ka kanu i nā māka ākea a me nā ʻōmaʻomaʻo.
- Hoʻoulu. ʻO nā ʻano waena i waena me ka huahana maikaʻi a me ka hoʻonui ʻana i ke anuanu maikaʻi ʻia, e manaʻo ʻia no ka kanu ʻana i ka māka ākea.
- Tsar Peter. ʻOi kūpaʻa i nā maʻi he nui i ke kū ʻana o ke kula i ka manawa me ke anu. Loaʻa me nā kamaʻāina o ke kauwela, ulu i ke ākea a me nā hale ʻōmaʻomaʻo.
ʻO nā Hybrids a i ʻole nā mea hihiu, hoʻopili a paʻa paha?
Hoʻohana nui ka nui o ka mea hānai aloha i nā ʻano Dutch like ʻole ma ke ʻano o ka pale ʻana i ka pōpopo, eia naʻe, i ka wā e kanu ana i nā mea kanu no lākou iho, ke ʻike nō ka poʻe noho o ke kauwela a me nā ʻano ʻono haʻahaʻa o ka "Dutch". Eia nō naʻe, ua hoʻoneʻe ʻia nā ʻano ʻōlima i nā kūlana kūloko a koho ʻia no ke kūkaʻi o ka maʻi e lilo i mea hoihoi.
Ma keʻano holoʻokoʻa, ʻo nā ʻano kamela maikaʻi loa e kūpaʻa loa i nā kukui ʻōpala o nā kula i kūloko a i ʻole nā ʻeleʻī mua a i ʻole nā ʻano ua ulu ʻia, ʻaʻole ia he mea kupanaha, i hāʻawi ʻia e ke ʻano.
I nā ʻāina ʻoi aku ka "wela ʻole", ka nui o nā tōmato stunted e kū pono ana i ka hopena o ke kala ʻana. ʻO kēia no ka mea i ka hoʻomaka mua ʻana o nā mea liʻiliʻi liʻiliʻi e uhi mai ka pahu hamo, no ka mea, ua mamao loa ka ʻōmaʻomaʻo mai ka koho maikaʻi loa, ʻōpala "aloha" i nā moena ʻaina a hoʻohua i ka hua o lākou e like me nā ʻano like ʻole.
Hiki iā ʻoe ke papa inoa i kekahi mau ʻano kamela haʻahaʻa kūloko i kūmole i ka hopena o ka ʻala.
- Gnome.
- Akau.
- Kelemania
- Polar precocious.
- Kālā Kalepona.
- Pūʻiwa.
- Kū maila ka makani.
- Kahu-Arika.
- ʻO ka moʻolelo hoʻokele le mele.
- Yamal.
- Taimyr.
Ma muli o ka maʻalahi ke hoʻomaopopo mai nā inoa, hana ka hapanui o lākou i hana no ke kauwela wela a me ke kauwela loloa a ma ka liʻiliʻi o ka kanu ʻana ma lalo o kahi kiʻiʻoniʻoni a i ʻole ma ka hale ʻōmaʻomaʻo. No laila, ʻaʻole loaʻa paha kēia mau ʻano i kahi makana nui, a ʻaʻole maikaʻi nā mea a pau no ka hele lōʻihi. Akā ke uku ʻia nei kēia ma o ka maikaʻi lepa a me ka hiki ke ulu i kāmato ma nā wahi i kahi mau kenekulia i hala e manaʻo ʻia he mea hiki ʻole.
