E kokoke ana i ke waena o ke kauwela a me ka nui o nā pōʻino pepeke e kūʻē mai ana i kā mākou mau māla. ʻIke ʻia ka papa kiʻekiʻe o ka hana i loko o ka māla me ka manawa liʻiliʻi no ka māla ʻana, akā eia ka manawa pono i hala ʻole ʻia. Inā hele ka nui o nā pōpoki ma waho o ka paepae epiphytotic, a laila pau ka hakakā i ka hāʻule ʻana o ka mea nona ka māla.
Ke pale i kēia, pono ia e komo i ka ʻike i nā pōpilikia e hoʻopilikia ana i kekahi mau ʻano kīhāpai o ke kīlaʻi, nā mōkeke o kā lākou hatching a me nā hōʻino kiʻekiʻe, ma kā lākou papa lāʻau i ka hoʻoilo. A laila hiki iā ʻoe "i ka popo i kahi - ʻehiku mau kekeʻa" (hoʻomanaʻo i kēlā moʻolelo a kēia keiki?).
ʻO ka mālama lāʻau me nā huahana bioloʻO nā paʻi o ka hapa mua o ke kauwela
I ka hopena o Mei - ka hoʻomaka ʻana o Iune, hoʻomaka ka huakaʻi i ka huakaʻi e hānai - nā lola o nā mākua heʻumi mahele ʻole. ʻōlapa. ^ E Ha yM. ʻO nā meaʻino nui loa ka nui o nā mea inikini o Kaleponi a me nā pale pale lapuwale (grape, plum, hawthorn, apple, acacia). He pōʻino lākou i loko o ka mau leo maoli. Hoʻopilikia lākou i nā hua hua āpau, ka lehulehu i nā hua a me nā hua pua a me kekahi o nā perennials herbaceous. ʻO nā pale huna lapuwale a me nā inikini nāhelehe pili i nā waiū hānai a hōʻulu i ka wai kanu. Pilikia lākou no ka mea ʻo ka ʻaina ʻana, ka hūnā ʻia i ka nui o ke kaila e kau ai nā fungi. Hoʻomaka nā mea kanu i nā maʻi ulu. Ma lalo o ka hana i hoʻohui ʻia mai kahi maʻi a me kahi maʻi, hiki i kahi mea kanu ke make.
ʻO ka mea ʻino ʻelua, ka mea e luku ai i ka hōʻiliʻili maoli o nā hua a me nā cherries momona - lele iʻa cherry (Rhagoletis cerasi). Uaʻeleʻele ka hua, a i loko i laila kahi larva keʻokeʻo - ʻo kēia ka hopena o ka loaʻa ʻana o nā hua me kahi lele ma kahi cherry. ʻO nā pūlima liʻiliʻi me ka ʻōpū a me ka umauma, ʻālohi ka lā, a me ke poʻo melemele, hoʻomohala lākou i kā lākou "hana" i ke kūkulu hema ma ʻApelila, a ma ke ala waena - ma mua a ma hope o ka pua ʻana. Hoʻopili i nā cherries a me nā cherries, ʻo ka lele e hōʻino ai i ka meli a me ka barberry.
ʻO ka pōkoki ʻokoʻa hope loa ia ʻano ʻano ʻokoʻa o ka aphidsme ke komo pū. ʻO ka ʻōmaʻomaʻo ʻulaʻula, a me ka ʻulaʻulaʻula ma nā lau o ka currant, ʻaʻole ia he maʻi, akā ka hopena o ka hana o nā aphids a pili i ka ʻaoʻao o nā lau o ka currant. Pono e hakakā ʻia nā ʻano o nā aphids a hiki i ka hoʻomaka ʻana o ka pua pua, akā inā e nalowale ana ka manawa, a laila e mālama ʻia ka māla me ke kāwili o nā lāʻau lapaʻau, ʻo kēia mau pōpilikia, ʻo ia hoʻi he aphids.
ʻO kahi kālai a Apple i kahi ʻona (Lepidosaphes ulmi).
ʻO nā hua ʻē aʻe, me nā mea e hānai nui ana i ka mahina o Iune, e hoʻohaumia, ʻoi pū kekahi ʻaʻa kik coding, mau lau lauʻano ʻano like ʻole mau lākaʻi, kauo keleawe, tolo. ^ E Ha yM. ʻAʻohe pono e wehewehe i ka hakakā ʻana me nā lāʻau lapaʻau kūikawā e hōʻili ana i kēlā me kēia maʻi pākē he ʻokoʻa ʻole. Ke hāʻawi nei kēia ʻoihana i ka nui i nā huahana me kahi ākea pālahalaha o nā hana i kekahi mau pōpoki. Eia naʻe, ʻaʻole hiki ke hoʻohana ʻia nā mea kanu i ka home. He wā kakali lākou no ka liʻiliʻi o 20 mau lā a ʻaʻohe mea e hōʻoia i ka keiki, ka holoholona, a me nā pākeke, ʻaʻole lākou e ʻai i ka hua mua i ʻala a hua ʻole paha.
No laila, ma nā kīhāpai liʻiliʻi a me nā hōʻola, pono e pale ʻia nā ʻano lāʻau āpau mai nā pōpoki, akā me ka hoʻomākaukau ʻana i nā mea ola maikaʻi ʻole ʻia i hoʻomākaukau ʻia i loko o ka hui ʻana. Me kēlā hopena paʻakikī, hiki ke hoʻoneʻe ʻia ka luku luku ʻana i nā lālani 1-3, a laila, a hiki i ka hopena o ka manawa e ulu ana, e mālama ana ka māla huaʻai a me ka māla i kahi kūlana maʻemaʻe mai nā pōpō.
Mākaukau a me ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā huahana bi
Kūkulu ʻia nā huahana biolo a pau ma ke kumu o nā microorganisms ola, he ʻenemi kūlohelohe o nā pōpoki. ʻAʻole lākou e like me ka maikaʻi o ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā kūmole, akā ke kali nei lākou i kahi lā 1-5 o nā lā he 20.
Mai nā huahana ʻalani, loaʻa kahi ʻike no ka poʻe māla lāʻau ʻano hana (ʻononono no ka acarin). ʻAʻole hoʻohui kēia bioinsecticide i ka lāʻau lapaʻau a hana like me kahi ʻōpala a hoʻokaʻā i nā ʻawaʻawa. I ka manawa ua hoʻomohala ʻia me kahi ākea o nā lā 10-12, wikiwiki a me ka wikiwiki e hoʻopau i nā ʻano āpau, nā codling aʻai, nā ʻōpū kolo, nā pua kolo, nā aphids, nā ʻāpana, nā alapine a me nā nematodes lepo i ka wā o ka loina. Ke hoʻohana nei i ka acarin, ʻo ka manawa e kali ai no 2 mau lā, ʻo ia hoʻi ma hope o 2 mau lā, e hoʻomaʻemaʻe ʻia nā huaʻai a hoʻomaʻemaʻe loa i nā hua me ka hopena ʻole. No ka hoʻomakaʻana o nā māla i ʻike ʻole i ka pehea a i ʻole ka manawa e hoʻomākaukau ai i ka mixtures tank, ʻo actaphte he akua akua. Mālama hiki iā ia ke hōʻoia i ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka acarin ma luna o nā ʻano kanu kīhāpai, nona nā hua e ʻoki lohi i ka wā lōʻihi.
ʻO Apple, a i ʻole ʻona tinker (Psylla mali).
Sawalaka.
Palapala Cherry (Rhagoletis cerasi).
ʻO nā mea inikini e pili ana i lalo, aia pū me ka acarin, e kūleʻa ana i ka hoʻowalewale tank. No ka hana wale nō lākou ma kekahi mau pūʻulu o nā pōpilikia, ke hui pū ʻia, hoʻonui lākou i ko lākou pono.
Hoʻohui nā Bioinsecticides i kahi ʻōnaehana a me ka hopena pili i nā pōpoki, e hōʻalo ana i ka make o ka mea hope. Hoʻopili kēia ma ka mea noho o ke kauwela, phytoverm, bitoxibacillin, lepidocide, verticill, boverin a me nā mea'ē aʻe.
I waena o nā mea pōkole ke kapa ʻia i ka manawa pōkole o ka lāʻau (1-2-3 hebedoma), ʻo ia e koi ai i ka hoʻōla ʻana. Akā ka mālama i ka olakino olakino no ka nui o ka manawa i hoʻolilo ʻia ma ka māla ʻana. I kēia hihia, lawelawe nā ʻano wai tank me he lifesaver, e hōʻemi ana i ka nui o nā lāʻau lapaʻau ai ka wā hoʻopau i ka nui o nā pōpoki.
Kahi pua pua ʻuala, a he ʻelele pua huakaʻi ʻeleau (ʻĀnipio pomorum).
Pehea e hoʻomākaukau ai i ka ʻano kāpili
Hoʻohana pinepine ʻia i nā ʻōlelo aʻoaʻo no ka hoʻohana ʻana o nā ʻano hui, ʻike ʻia ka huaʻōlelo ʻo "hōʻoia no ka hiki ʻana ma mua o ka hoʻomākaukau". No nā mea hoʻomaka, kahi wehewehe o ke ʻano o ka hoʻohālikelike ʻana a me pehea e hōʻoia ai i ka pono e pono ai.
Kūleʻa. ^ E Ha yM. Pono e hoʻomākaukau i ka hui pū ʻana o nā huahana olakino 2-3-4 e kūʻē i nā pōpoki a me nā maʻi. No ka hana ʻana i kēia, he mea pono e hoʻomākaukau, e like me nā ʻōmole, kēlā me kēia pahuhopu i hoʻokaʻawale (1 l). A laila e kulu i ka 50-100 g, e hoʻohui i hoʻokahi waihona i ka hopena mua. Ua ninini i loko o kahi 2 hopena o 50 g, hui maikaʻi a waiho ʻia no 5-10 mau minuke. Inā ʻaʻole i loli ka hui ʻana i kāna mau hiʻohiʻona ʻike (ua kū ʻia kahi neʻe, ua loli ke kala, ua lilo ka ʻōnaehana like me ka gel-like, etc.), a laila kūpono nā mākaukau. Inā ua loli ka mea hoʻonā, ke kaawale nei mākou i ka lāʻau lapaʻau hope loa mai ke kāwili ʻana a hana hou i ke kaʻina holoʻokoʻa me ka hopena aʻe. Inā kūpono nā huahana koi, pono mākou e hoʻomākaukau i ka nui kūpono (3-5-10 l) ka hoʻokaʻawale a laila hui pū pū kekahi, e hui pū a hoʻoili i nā kuʻuna. Mākaukau mākou i kēlā me kēia lāʻau lapaʻau e like me nā ʻōlelo loiloi.
