ʻO ka inoa Lūkini "Ledum" mai ka ʻōlelo kahiko "lulled", ʻo ia ka "ʻona", a me ka huaʻōlelo "lulled", poina i ko mākou manawa, ka mea i puka mai ia: he make, ʻāʻuku, tart, ikaika. Hōʻike kēia inoa i kahi hiʻohiʻona hiʻona o kēia shrub - kahi ikaika ikaika, asphyxiating. ʻO ka inoa ʻepekema ʻo Ledum ka "Ledum" (Ledum) hele mai ka ledon Helene - e like me ka poʻe Helene kahiko i kapa ʻia kahi mea kanu kahi i lawe ʻia ai ka piula momona - frankincense (ladanum).
Rhododendron o Greenland, a i ʻole Ledum o Greenland. © David A. HofmannʻO ka wehewehe ʻana o Ledum
Ledum (Ledum) - he pua o nā mea kanu mai ka ʻohana Heather.
Ma nā puke Western, ua hoʻopili ʻia nā ʻano ʻano genul Bagulnik i loko o ka huaʻōlelo Rhododendron mai ka makahiki 1990s (Rhododendron), i ka ʻōlelo Pelekane non-unuhi i ka palapala, ʻaʻole kēia kākoʻo i ka manaʻo o kēia ʻano.
E ulu nui ana ka Ledum i nā wahi anu a me ka mahana o ka Hemolele ʻākau. He 6 mau speciesana, 4 ka mea maʻamau ma Rusia. Hōʻike ʻia ʻo Ledum i nā mea kanu a me nā mea kanu me ka evergreen, alternating, piha, ʻāʻā, pakanaka, pinepine me ka ʻaoʻao i kāʻei ʻia, nā lau.
ʻO nā lau a me nā lālā o ka rosemary hihiu e hoʻopiʻi i kahi ʻākā make nui, kahi e wehewehe ʻia ana e ka manaʻo o ka hui pū ʻana o ka aila pono i loko o ka mea kanu, he mau mea ʻona e hoʻopilikia ai i ka ʻōpala o nā nūna a loaʻa nā maʻi, ka hōʻeha, ka auamo, ka luaʻi a me kekahi mau nalowale.
ʻO ka pua nani ka pua nani, ʻelima mau dimensional, i ka umbellate a i ʻole ka corymbose inflorescences ma nā hopena o nā wana o ka makahiki i hala. ʻO ka hua o Ledum kahi pahu (ʻelima) hōkū, e wehe ana mai ka waihona mai. Maʻu nāʻuʻuku, ʻēheu ʻēheu.
Hoʻoulu ʻia ka Ledum e nā hua, i ka moʻomeheu - e ka ʻokiʻoki, ka hoʻomoe, ka māhele o ka lāʻau a me nā hua aʻa.
Hoʻohana pinepine ka rosemary i ka rhododendron daurian, nā lālā i kūʻai ʻia i ka hoʻoilo. Akā ʻaʻohe mea pili o ka raurodendron Daurian me ka rosemary.
Dauric Rhododendron (dauricum Rhododendron). © kp_arnarbKe ulu nei ʻo Ledum
Hoʻomaka Ledum
ʻO ka wā maikaʻi loa no ka kanu ʻana i Ledum ka pūnāwai. Eia nō naʻe, inā kūʻai ʻia ka mea kanu me kahi pūnaehana pani, a laila ʻaʻole nui ka manawa kanu. No ka mea ua kanu ʻia nā mea kanu i kahi paʻa mau no nā makahiki he nui, pono ke kanu ʻana i nā mea kanu 30-40 cm, ʻoiai ka nui o kāna mau aʻa ma kahi hohonu o 20 cm. Inā makemake ʻoe e hana i kahi kuhi mālamina, akā e kali ʻoe i kekahi mau makahiki a ulu mai hoʻokahi kope, ʻaʻole pono. nele i ka hoʻomanawanui, kanu i nā kumulāʻau he nui, aʻo ka lōʻihi ma waena o nā mea kanu i ka pūʻulu e 50-70 cm.
Lepo lepo
E makemake a Ledum i ka lepo waikawa. No laila, hoʻopiha ʻia ka lua i kahi pū i hui ʻia me ka papa kiʻekiʻe, konupuna a me ke one ma ka pae ʻana (3: 2: 1). Hiki i kekahi mau ʻōpiu ke ulu ma luna o nā oneone palupalu. No ka laʻana, ka lālani ʻo Greenland a me ka rosemary nunui, no laila ka hui ʻana o ka lepo i nā ʻāpana like ʻole, akā me ka nui o ke one. Ma ka punawai o ka lua ʻauʻau, kahi uhi o 5-7 cm e uhi ʻia me ka wai kahe e waiho ana i nā ʻōpala wai a me ke one. Pākuʻi ka ʻāina.
Ledum. © Wayne PūnaeweleHoʻomoʻa i ka wai
No ka mālama o ka pae momona kūpono o ka waikawa lepo, pono ia maʻa mau (2-3 mau manawa i hoʻokahi mahina) hoʻoinu wai i nā mea kanu me ka wai acidified. Hoʻokomo ʻia nā pālima i hoʻokahi makahiki i ka pūnāwai me ka minamina minamina. Ua lawa ia ma ʻApelila-Mei e hoʻolei i ka nui o 1.5-2 kaʻai a puni ka lāʻau. la l fertilizers.
Pēlā ʻo ia i ka hoʻōho wai, akā, ʻaʻole e ʻae i ka maloʻo a me ka hoʻopili ʻana i ka lepo. Ua ʻōlelo ʻia hoʻi ʻo Loosening, akā e akahele, no ka mea, ʻo nā aʻa e kokoke ana i ka papa o ke aʻa e hiki ai ke hōʻino
Ka mālama ʻana iā Ledum
ʻOiai ke ulu nei ka lāʻau rosemary ma luna o ka lepo palupalu i ka māla, pono lākou i ka meaʻai e ulu maikaʻi. No laila, he mea nui e hānai i nā mea kanu. ʻOi aku ka maikaʻi ma kēia hana i ka pūnāwai, hoʻokahi manawa. No ke kāhiko lole luna, e hoʻohana i ka hoʻopau minima piha ma ka helu o 50-70 grika no m2 no kēlā me kēia lāʻau pākeke, no nā mea kanu lāʻau - 30-40 mau pākahi ma m2.
I nā hōʻuluʻulu maloʻo a wela, pono ka rosemary e kau i ka wai. No laila, ma ka liʻiliʻi o hoʻokahi pule e hoʻoulu nui ʻia lākou me ka 5-8 lita o ka wai no kēlā me kēia mea kanu. Ma hope o kēlā, hiki ke hoʻokaʻawale ʻia ka lepo a puni nā mea kanu a pono e hoʻopili ʻia me ka peat, e mālama i ka makika. E wehe i ka ʻāina, e like me ka mea i hoʻomaopopo mua ʻia, me ka mālama pono ʻia, no ka mea, ua kokoke nā aʻa i kokoke i ka papa o ka lepo.
ʻAʻole pono ke Ledum i nā māla kūikawā. Ke hoʻomau nei i kahi nānā iho, e waiho wale i nā lālā maloʻo a maloʻo hoʻi ma hope o ka hoʻoilo ʻana.
I ka moʻomeheu, ʻo ka rosemary hihiu ke kū i nā maʻi a me nā pōpoki, ʻoi paha ma muli o ka pīhoihoi ikaika.
Huʻaʻi o ka rosemary bog. © Lora ʻEleʻeleLedum hoʻoulu
Hoʻonohonoho ʻia nā ʻano a pau āpau a me nā ʻokiʻoki i ke kauwela. Akā ʻo ka lūlū ʻia e pono i kekahi mau loea a me ka ʻike. No ka hoʻopōmaikaʻi ʻana i nā aʻa, pono e mālama ʻia nā koina he kauwela me kahi hopena he 161 o ka heteroauxin no 16-24 mau hola, a laila e hoʻolele ʻia a hāʻule i loko o kahi pahu. Akā ma hope o ka mālama ʻana i kēia maʻi, ua hoʻokumu ʻia ke kāhea i loko o ka hāʻule ʻana, a ulu wale kona aʻa i ka makahiki e hiki mai ana.
Ke hoʻohana nei i Ledum i ka māla
Ledum o nā ʻano āpau - ʻano maikaʻi loa a maikaʻi ʻole nā mea kanu. Kahu ʻia i loko o ka māla, e hoʻonani mau lākou iā ia. ʻO ka honi o nā lau hou a me nā lālā o ka rosemary e hoʻonāuki i nā iniseti koko-pale, pale i nā manu a me ka huluhulu mai ka ʻōpala. Eia kekahi, e pale aku iā ʻoe, no ka mea, ʻo nā hua i hoʻokuʻu ʻia e kā lākou lau e pepehi i nā pōʻino i ka poʻe. A ʻo wai ka mea e ʻike, aia paha ma ka lā hiki mai ke lapaʻau e ʻōlelo hoʻomaikaʻi aku i ke kūlohelohe no ka hoʻokumu ʻana i kēia "kūlohelohe" kuikahi a kala ʻia ia no kāna mau mea hoʻoinu.
Hoʻolohe I ka wā o ka ulu ʻana, he mea ia e hoʻokuʻu i nā mea i loko o ka lewa, kahi nui i ka hopena maikaʻi ʻole i nā kānaka (headache). ʻAʻole wale ka mea kanu wale nō i ka mea make, akā, ʻo ka meli hoʻi i hōʻiliʻili ʻia mai kāna mau pua (ka mea i kapa ʻia ʻo "ka ʻona" meli, kahi hiki ke ʻai ʻia me ka wī ʻole). No laila, ʻoiai ke manaʻo nei kekahi o nā mea kākau i kēia mea kanu i ka mea e pono ai, pono kekahi e noʻonoʻo inā he pono ke ulu i loko o ka māla heather a i ʻole.
Rosemary ʻōmaʻomaʻo. © J BrewʻO nā lāʻau lapaʻau o Ledum
Loaʻa i nā mea kanu ka holoʻokoʻa piha o nā hana ikaika, ka mea e hoʻoholo ai i ka versatility o kā lākou hopena ma ke kino. No laila he mea paʻakikī loa ka hoʻokaʻawale i nā mea kanu i ka expectorant, antitussive, bronchodilators, etc. I waena o nā poʻe, ua manaʻo ʻia ʻo Ledum kahi mea lapaʻau holoʻokoʻa. Loaʻa iā ia nā antispasmodic, expectorant, diaphoretic, diuretic, disinfectant, analgesic, narcotic a me nā mea sedative, he diuretic, ka hana antimicrobial.
Hoʻolohe He huiai ka mea kanu. Hoʻoweliweli ka lāʻau lapaʻau pilikino i nā hoʻopiʻi a hiki i ka pilikia ke ola.
I nā lāʻau lapaʻau kānaka, hoʻohana ka rosemary i nā maʻi ʻeha; ʻO bronchitis, tracheitis, laryngitis, pneumonia, flu, bronchial asthma, uukiki, whooping uō, ʻeha, a me nā kakū o nā nahesa a me nā mea ʻino. Hoʻopili maikaʻi ia me nā maʻi o ka ʻōpū, dysentery, spastic enterocolitis. Hoʻohana ʻia nō hoʻi ia i ka mālama ʻana i nā maʻi o nā pepi, maʻi, kehi, cystitis, pyelitis, urethritis.
Hoʻohana nui ʻia i ke ʻano o ka ʻauʻau a me nā waiʻai no ka mālama ʻana i nā maʻi o waho (ka ʻeha eczema, ka haukē, nā ʻīwī, nā ihe), nā maʻi maka, ka maʻi ʻano lohi, ka gout, osteochondrosis, aʻeha. He hopena maikaʻi ka maʻi tuberculosis, ka maʻi diabetes a me nā maʻi maʻi kano.
Hoʻohana nā ʻōpala rosemary i ke ʻano o ka infusion i mea e hoʻowalewale ai i nā kahe koko, hoʻomaikaʻi i ke kahe o ke koko, me ka ʻōpū. Ua hōʻike ʻia ka hiki o ka rosemary hihiu i ke hoʻololi ʻana i ke koko. Hoʻomaʻomaʻo maikaʻi nā mea maʻi i ka rosemary ʻoi aku me ka hoʻohana mau ʻana; ʻaʻole ia e hoʻonāukiuki i nā hopena ʻalā.
Mai nā wīwī o ka rosemary hihiu, loaʻa i ka ledin hoʻomākaukau ka mea kūʻai i mea kūʻai ʻia me ka mea antitussive, bronchodilator. ʻO ka mana o Ledum pono he mau ncotic waiwai e hoʻohana ʻia i ka hana o ka pia a me ka vodka.
No ke aha, ʻo ka mea mua loa, pili ia i nā ʻōpū o ka hanu? ʻO nā mea waiwai nui o Ledum (anise, elecampane, mint, pine pine) e paʻa loa i nā membus o nā ʻōpū o ka hanu. Nui ka waiwai o ka poʻe a me ka lāʻau lapaʻau o ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka rosemary no ka mālama ʻana i nā mea hanu.
Nā ʻano Ledum
ʻO ka rosemary Marsh (Ledum palustre, a i ʻole Rhododendron tomentosum)
Hoʻouna hūnā ka Ledum ma ke ʻano a ʻike pinepine ʻia i ka moʻomeheu. Ua kapa aku ka poʻe iā ia: bagun, bagula, cobweb, akua, cobweb, bogun, marsh hemlock, puzzle, bug, oregano, oregano, cannabis, swamp cannabis, nā pōpū nui, ka pōpili puaʻa, ka ʻaupō leʻa, ka rosemary maʻa.
Ka home home o Ledum o ka bog Arctic, ʻ Europeanlelo Hema ʻEulopa, Komohana a me Siberia ʻĀpana, Western, Northern, Southern Europe, Northern Mongolia, Northeast China, Korea, North America. Ua ulu ia ma ka uka a me nā ka nahele-tundra ma ka pali, ka mauʻu kiʻekiʻe, i ka puʻu o nā lau coniferous umu, ma nā kahawai mauna a me nā kahawai, ma nā kuahiwi kiʻekiʻe, ma nā hui, i nā mākeke liʻiliʻi, i waena o nā ka nahele aliʻi kedera.
Ledum marsh (Ledum palustre). © Raino LampinenʻO ka rosemary Marsh he puʻu evergreen ākea piha me ke kiʻekiʻe o 50 a 120 cm, me nā ʻihi kūpaʻa i uhi ʻia me ka mānoanoa ʻo "rusty" i kina. ʻO ka anawaena o ka lāʻau ma ka pākeke he 1 mika. ʻO nā lau he lanceolate, ʻeleʻele, ailana, me kahi mea honi. Hoʻopili ʻia nā ʻaoʻao o nā lau. ʻO nā pua (a hiki i 1.5 cm ke anawaena) he keʻokeʻo, ʻokoʻa pinepine mālamalama, ʻākala a ʻāpala, i nā umipela manuahi (Mei-Iune). E wehe nā pahu hua me ʻelima mau ʻēheu. Hoʻopau nā huaʻa i ka waena o ʻAukake. He nui nā aʻa, me mycorrhiza.
Lālia lāʻau (Ledum groenlandicum)
ʻO ka wahi kūlohelohe o Ledum o Greenland kahi i ka ʻākau a me ke komohana o ʻAmelika ʻAmelika. E ulu i nā pihi peat. He mea ʻokoʻa ʻole i ka moʻomeheu, ʻo ia ka nui o nā ʻohi o nā māla botanika o St. Petersburg, Riga, ma Kanada, USA, Germany a me Switzerland.
ʻO Greenland rhododendron (Rhododendron groenlandicum), a i ʻole Rosemary Greenland (Ledum groenlandicum). © MeggarI kēia manawa, ma ka ʻauhau ʻepekema, ʻike ʻia ka inoa ʻo Rhododendron greenland (Rhododendron groenlandicum) Ma mua, ua hāʻawi ʻia kēia ʻano i ka genus Bagulnik (Ledum) a ʻo kona inoa ʻo Ledum o Greenland (Ledum litenlandicum), i ka palapala moʻōlelo Rūsia, ʻike ʻia nā ʻano ʻehā ma lalo o kēia inoa.
ʻO ka rosemary o Greenland kahi lūlū a hiki i ka 1 m kiʻekiʻe kiʻekiʻe, me nā lau oblong (a hiki i ka 2,5 cm ka lōʻihi), nā pua keʻokeʻo (a he 1.5 cm paha ke ana)), i hōʻiliʻili ʻia i ka inflorescence ʻano umbrella. Hoʻopau ia mai ka waena o Iune a hiki i ka lua o ka makahiki o Iulai. Hoʻala ʻia nā hua i ka hopena o Kepakemapa. He haʻahaʻa o ka ulu. Mai ka hopena o Iulai a hiki i ka wā lulu he hāʻule mau nō ka wā o ka ulu ulu ʻana ma muli o ia mea, malia paha, ʻaʻohe manawa o nā hopena o nā ʻōpio ʻōpiopio i ka manawa e lohi ai a hoʻokaʻawale. Eia naʻe, ʻaʻole e pili i kēia i ka hiʻohiʻona kūlohelohe.
Ledum creeping a Ledum prostrate (Ledum decumbens)
ʻO ka ʻāina kahi o Ledum Creeping: Eastern Siberia, ʻo ka Far East: Chukotka, Kamchatka, Okhotia, Sakhalin, ʻĀkau ʻĀkau nona, Greenland. Ua ulu ia ma ka puʻu uilona ma luna o nā kumulāʻau hummocky, ma nā puʻu one, nā mākeke, ma nā kumulāʻau lāʻau kedera, nā puʻu sphagnum kiʻekiʻe, nā pōhaku papa.
Ledum creeping a Ledum prostrate (Ledum decumbens). © dimorfantKahiʻu ka ulu ʻana o Evergreen 20-30 cm. E pua iki ana ia, akā, mai kēlā me kēia makahiki mai ka makahiki he ʻelua a hiki i ka waena o Iune. Nā huina o ka lawehala. Hoʻala ʻia nā hua i ka hopena o ʻAukake. Ke ulu lohi nei, ulu kūloko makahiki e pili ana i 1 cm.
Ledum nui (Ledum macrophyllum)
ʻO ka ʻāina kahi o Bagulnik nui-ʻūlani: Siberia Eastern, ma ka Far East: Sakhalin, Primorye, ʻurlelo Amur; North Korea, Japan (Hokkaido). Hoʻoulu ia i ka nahele o ka nahele coniferous mauna, i nā palu sphagnum, ma ka ʻaoʻao o nā mea i hoʻokomo ʻia ma waena o nā māla lau heather.
Rhododendron Tolmacheva (Rhododendron tolmachevii), a i ʻole Lentum macrophylla (Ledum macrophyllum). © Ross BaytonʻO ka lāʻau rosemary i hala nui ʻia, i wehewehe ʻia e A.I. Tolmachev i 1953, i manaʻo ʻia he ʻano mea like me Rhododendron Tolmachev (Rhododendron tolmachevii).
ʻO Ledum ka laulā-piha - kahi ulu lāʻau mau loa a hiki i 1,3 m kiʻekiʻe. Kahe lūlū ʻia loa mai ka hapalua o Mei a hiki i ka makahiki mua o Iune. Hoʻala ʻia nā hua i ka hopena o ʻAukake - i ka mua o Kepakemapa. ʻO ka ulu makahiki o 3-4 cm, ʻaʻole anuʻa i ka 6-8 cm.
