Ke ulu nei i nā kumulāʻau ʻōpala alo

Ua aʻo nā māla e pili ana i ke ola ʻana o nā kumulāʻau kolaka i ka lōʻihi lōʻihi - i ka waenakonu o ke kenekulia 20. Ua ʻike ʻia ka hana kuhi hewa i ka makahiki 1960 e Kauka Fisher mai kahi noiʻi ma Summerland ma British Columbia, Canada. Eia kāna mea e kamaʻilio ai.

I ka manawa 1963, i ka wā e hana ana wau i loko o kahi māla, hele mai kahi mea mahiʻai iaʻu a ʻōlelo mai ua loaʻa iā ia kahi pana hou o ka lāʻau Macintosh apple ma luna o kahi kumulāʻau 50 makahiki. Ua ʻike ʻo ia i ka pakele ai ʻelua mau makahiki ma mua aku. Ke makemake nei e kipa aku iā ia, ua lawe au i kahi pākē pia ʻole ʻole a kākau wau i kona inoa a me kāna noho ʻana. Minamina, nalowale wau i kēia pakete. Akā iʻelua mau makahiki ma hope mai (i ka makahiki 1965), ʻoiai, ua ʻike hou wau i kēlā kanaka, ʻo ia ʻo Tony Wijchik. Ma mua o ka hōʻiliʻili ʻana, ua kipa aku au i kāna māla i East Kelowna a nānā i kēia pana. ʻOiai ua waiho ia ma ka piko o kahi o ka lāʻau a hoʻomaʻamaʻa maikaʻi, ʻoki ʻia nā hua ma luna o nā hua i hala ma mua o nā ʻōpū o ke koena o ka lāʻau a maʻamau pū nō hoʻi i ka kala. Hoʻonohonoho paʻa nā hua i loko o kahi pana liʻiliʻi loa e pili ana i ʻehā mau wāwae (1.2 m) ka lōʻihi. I ka manawa hoʻi, ua 20 mau a lāʻau i hoʻopili ʻia ma Viichik.

ʻO nā ʻano hua mua o nā kumulāʻau kolona, ​​nā mea a ka poʻe māla i aʻo koke ai, ua kapa ʻia ʻo ia ma hope o ka māla like - McIntosh Wijcik. Ua kapa hewa ʻia mākou iā ia.

E hoʻolohe i nā kumuhana ʻē aʻe e pili ana i nā kumula lāʻau kolamu ma ka "Botany":

• ʻĀwīwī, a i ʻole nā ​​lau lāʻau ʻāpala - ke ala i kahi hōʻiliʻili kiʻekiʻe
• ʻO nā kumulāʻau ʻāpana polan - nā hiʻohiʻona a me nā ʻano maikaʻi maikaʻi
• ʻO nā hiʻohiʻona o nā lāʻau apple apala ulu

Nā hiʻohiʻona o nā kumulāʻau ʻehā pahu

Ua hana maikaʻi loa ka lāʻau Overseas ma nā ʻāina Lūkia a lanakila koke ʻo ia i ke aloha, e hoʻomaikaʻi i nā hua kiʻekiʻe.

Hāpai ka lāʻau i nā hua momona i kēlā me kēia makahiki. ʻO ka lāʻau apple apana i hiki ke kiʻekiʻe o 2.5 m, a ʻo kona laulā he 0.5 m wale wale nō.

ʻO ka helehelena kolamu i nā kumula lāʻau ʻē aʻe kekahi mea maikaʻi - ke aloha maikaʻi. Me ka hoʻomohala manawa ʻana i ka lepo, hiki i kahi hua hua ke lawe i kahi hua i ka makahiki mua ma hope o ke kanu ʻana.

ʻO nā kumulāʻau lāʻau apana i loaʻa nā 2 mau hemahema: Ke kumukūʻai kiʻekiʻe o kā lākou hua kanu a me ka ola pōkole o nā lāʻau iā lākou iho.

Ke ulu nei i nā kumulāʻau ʻōpala alo

Nā kumulāʻau ʻ applelelo ʻumnlelo e like me ka ikaika o ka ulu ʻana: dwarf, semi-dwarf, ikaika.

Inā hala ʻole ka holo lateral i kekahi ʻano o ka lāʻau āpana kolamu, hiki i nā pilikia me nā ʻokiʻī ke hele mai ma ke ʻano o kā lākou hoʻolaha ʻana.

I ka ulu wikiwikiʻana i kahi mea kanu kolamu, ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o ke koho i nā hua kanu - mau makahiki. He maʻalahi lākou e ʻae i ke kaʻina hana. Kūkulu ʻia nā lāʻau Apple eʻoi aku ka mamao ma waena o lākou ma mua o 45cm. Ma hope o ke kanu ʻana, pono i nā lāʻau ke hāʻawi i ka nui o ka wai.

I ka wā ulu, e hānai i nā kumulāʻau kolaka me ka urea. ʻO ka lole mua e hana i ka wā e pua ai nā lau, a ʻo ka lua - 14 mau lā ma hope o ka mua; ua hala ke kolu ma hope o 2 mau pule i ka hopena o ke kekona.

Hoʻohālikelike ʻia nā ʻano lāʻau apana laola e ka ulu ikaika ʻana a me ka wā aloha. Hoʻomaka nā mea kanu i kanu ʻia i ka wā mua o ka pua ma ka makahiki hoʻokahi.

Hāʻawi ka lāʻau apple apana i ka nui o nā ovary, no laila ma ka makahiki mua ua hoʻokuʻu ʻia nā pua a pau. I ka pūnāwai o ka lua o ka makahiki, i ka wā maopopo o ka lā i hoʻopaʻa i ka aʻa a ikaika, hiki iā ʻoe ke waiho i kekahi mau hua, me ka hoʻomaikaʻi pinepine ʻana i nā kaumaha o ka hua.

Inā loaʻa i nā huaʻai - liʻiliʻi nā hua i ka lāʻau.

Pono ka lāʻau i ka wā o ka wehe ʻana i ka lepo, ka hemo ʻana i nā nāhelehele a me ka hoʻōho i ka manawa.

ʻO nā pilikia e ulu ana i nā lāʻau ʻōpū apana

ʻOiai ke ʻano maikaʻi o nā ʻano maikaʻi, e kū pono ana nā māla i kekahi mau pilikia i ka wā e ulu ana i nā kumulāʻau 'apala kolala.

• ka make ʻana o ka lolo apical ma muli o ka manuahi;
• ka piʻi ʻana o ka "peaks" hou mai nā pua i lalo i lalo;
• ka uʻi ʻana o ka lāʻau.

ʻO ka pilikia ke kolu o ka maʻamau i waena o ka māla launa e hoʻopiʻi nei ʻaʻole makemake ka lāʻau e ulu i hoʻokahi pahu. ʻO ke kumu o kēia hoʻopiʻi ʻana i ka pono a me ka hoʻomaʻemaʻe ʻole ʻana i ka lei o ka jalona. Ma muli o kēia, ua lilo ka mea kanu e like me kahi poplar o kahi ʻano pyramidal. I waena o nā kumu kumu o ka ulu ʻana o nā lālā lateral, ʻokoʻa ka hoʻokaʻawale ʻana o ka ʻōpū apical apical.

ʻO kekahi manawa e hoʻopiʻi nā māla lāʻau i ka hua kīlea kolamu ʻaʻole hua maikaʻi i ka hua. ʻO kēia ma muli o ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā mea kanu maikaʻi ʻole o nā mea kanu a maikaʻi ʻole paha i nā pōpilikia. I mea e pale ai i ka lāʻau mai nā mea hihiu maikaʻi, pono ʻoe e hoʻohana i nā lāʻau ʻai i kūpono no nā ʻano ʻalemalona maʻamau.