He maʻalahi ke hōʻiliʻili ʻana i nā mea kanu, nā hua, nā hua, nā hua maʻalahi. Ke ʻike nei mākou inā ʻokiʻoki ʻia ke kala o ka hua, ʻōlelo, he mea maʻamau, hiki iā mākou ke ʻoki i hope (ma hope o ke ʻano, he nui nā mea like i ka lāʻau, a ʻaʻole ʻino mākou i ka mea kanu) e ʻono, e ʻike ai inā mākaukau paha. Me nā hua kanu, a ma ka liʻiliʻi me nā ʻuala, ʻokoʻa nā mea a pau: i ʻeli e ʻimi pono i nā ʻuala a no laila ua ʻala nā kūmala, ʻākala, nunui a nui ka mea nui loa, mālama pono ʻia, a hiki i ka hua hou, pono ʻoe e ʻike i kekahi o nā subtleties a me nā ʻano o kēia moʻomeheu . ^ E Ha yM. E hoʻāʻo kākou e nānā pehea, a hea a ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o ka ʻeli ʻana i ka ʻuala.
ʻLepa i nā ʻuala.
I ka manawa e eli ai i ka ʻuala?
Pono kēlā me kēia kīhāpai e hoʻomaopopo pono ka ka hoʻōla ʻana o ka lūlū hope, me ka ʻōpala o ka mea kanu, e hoʻopiʻi ʻia e ka nui o nā ʻano like ʻole. ʻO kēia kahi mau hiʻohiʻona o ka wā o kēia manawa, a me ke kūlana o ka lepo, a me ka piʻi o ka maʻi me nā pōpilikia a me nā maʻi, a, ka hope, nā hiʻohiʻona varietal, nāna hoʻi i kuhikuhi i kā lākou mau rula.
No ka laʻana, inā ʻoe i kanu i nā mea kanu no ka lā hoʻomaha Mei (a i ka hopena o ʻApelila, inā ua hoʻomehana maikaʻi ka lepo a ua mākaukau e hana pū me ia, a laila hiki iā ʻoe ke eli i nā ʻuala a puni waena o ʻAukake, a hiki i ka hopena a me ka hoʻomaka ʻana o Kepakemapa. ʻO kēia ka maʻamau maʻamau o ka nui o nā ʻano ʻano ʻuala.
He mea kūlohelohe, mai poina, a ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o ka kākau ʻana, ma ka pūnāwai, i ka wā e kanu ai i nā kōpī huaʻai i ka lepo, nā mea kanu o ka wā e pau ai nā mea āu e kanu ai: i ka manawa, waena a i ʻole ka lūlū, no ka mea e hoʻomaka ana ka manawa o ka hōʻiliʻili. Mai noʻonoʻo e liʻiliʻi paha ka ʻokoʻa. No laila, inā i hōʻike ʻia ua ʻōmua mua nā ʻano o ka hua kanu, a laila hiki iā ʻoe ke hoʻomaka ʻūʻī iā ia i hoʻokahi mahina ma mua o nā ʻano waena waena a me hoʻokahi mahina a me ka hapa ma mua o ka ʻano like ʻole.
Eia kekahi, e nānā pono ʻoe i kāu pūnaewele: inā he poʻe koa aloha ʻoe a me ka weed huʻu i ka manawa, a laila ua loaʻa i kāu papaʻa i ka nui o ka nui o ka nui o ka pono o ka lepo, me ka pale ʻana i nā mea i hala ʻole, a hiki iā ʻoe ke eli iā ia i ka hopena o hoʻokahi pule. A inā he nui wale nā hua nāu ʻaʻole i ʻike ʻia nā kihi o ka ʻuala, a laila ua pōloli kāu ʻuala a ʻoi aku ka liʻiliʻi o ka manawa hou e "ʻala".
Pehea e nānā ai?
ʻOiaʻiʻo, hiki ʻole iā ʻoe ke kuhi, akā e nānā inā inā hiki ke wā e ʻohi ai i ka ʻuala, no ke aha e koho ai i kahi lāʻau i ʻoi aku ka maʻalahi a kokoke i ka ʻaoʻao a kālai piha iā ia, e nānā i nā kūmole, ʻili. Inā maʻalahi ka maʻalahi o ka tubers, a mākaʻu ka ʻili ma luna o lākou, a laila hiki ke hoʻomaka e ʻeli i waho o ka ʻuala.
Nui loa! Pili kēia i nā mea hoʻomaka, no ka manawa mua a me ka hoʻāʻo kūʻokoʻa e ulu i ka ʻuala ma kā lākou pūnaewele. ʻO ka pinepine ma muli o ka pīhoihoi a me ka naʻaupō, hoʻomaka lākou e ʻeli i ka ʻuala kūpono ma waena o ke kauwela. Loaʻa ka hōʻiliʻili maikaʻi, akā he ʻano palahelena nā ʻano like ʻole, e hoʻolapalapa koke lākou, ʻo ia hoʻi, ua mākaukau lākou e kuke koke ana, akā ʻaʻole lākou e mālama ʻia no ka manawa lōʻihi.
E nānā i nā pito i luna
Inā ʻaʻole ʻoe makemake e eli i nā lāʻau, a laila e nānā ʻoe i nā kihi o ka mea kanu: inā ua launa iʻa, inā ʻaʻole ia i make. Inā hele kēia i ka hopena o ʻAukake, a laila ua haʻi aku ka ʻuala iā ʻoe ʻo ka manawa ke nalowale i ka lepo, inā ʻaʻole like ka hola, e kīkē a pōʻai a lilo ka ʻuala.
Aia nō ua make kekahi hapa o nā pihi o ka ʻuala a ua lawa ka manawa ma ka pā i ka pā, a he hapa o ia o ka uliuli-ʻōmaʻomaʻo, me he mea lā ʻaʻole ʻo ka hopena o ʻAukake i kēia manawa, akā i kekahi o Iune. No ke aha kēia e hana nei? Hoʻomaʻaʻo kēia me nā māla mahiʻai i pīhoihoi e ʻano ʻano like ʻole mai waena a waena a lūlū a kanu hoʻi iā lākou i nā ʻano papahele.
I kēia hihia, pono ʻoe e eli i kēlā ʻāpana o ka pāhu, nā poʻo o ka waiho i lalo a hoʻomaka ʻia e maloʻo, a hoʻāʻo ʻaʻole e hoʻopā i nā ʻōpiopio uʻi, ʻoiaʻiʻo, inā hana ka eli me kahi pitchfork a i ʻole kahi pala. Me ka huakaʻi hele-hope, ʻoi aku ka paʻakikī loa: ʻaʻole pono ʻoe e hele a puni kēia mau lāʻau pōkole, e hoʻopau ʻoe iā lākou a laila he haʻawina kēia no ʻoe no ka wā e hiki mai ana.
ʻO Phytophthora, aia mau i ka manawa kūpono
Ma ke ala, i ka manawa o ka hōʻiliʻili ai i nā ʻuala, ʻike kekahi i kēia kiʻi aʻe: ua make kekahi mau lāʻau, ua pau nā poʻo o lākou, ua make, a ʻo kekahi o lākou e "ʻuʻulu" ai ka puhaka. Ua ʻike ʻia ua loaʻa paha kēlā mau pōpoki i nā maʻi aʻai ʻia e kēia maʻi maʻi kino. A noʻonoʻo paha i nā mea e hana inā e eli ʻoe i kēlā mau lāʻau a hoʻokomo i nā ʻuala i hoʻopulapula ʻia e waiho pū me nā mea olakino? ʻOiaʻiʻo, ʻaʻohe mea maikaʻi: make a hapa paha ka nui o ka hua.
No laila, ke kuhikuhi aku nei wau iā ʻoe e ʻeli i nā kumulāʻau i kahi mua, ʻaʻole hoʻi e aʻo wau iā lākou e ʻai i ka wai i lawe ʻia mai ka lepo, a e hānai i nā holoholona, a ʻai paha.
ʻLoe lāʻau lāʻau.
Pono e hoʻokaʻawale i nā poʻo i ke hōʻiliʻili ʻana i ka ʻuala?
ʻO ka hoʻopaʻapaʻa e pili ana i ke kāpae ʻana i nā kihi ma mua o ka hōʻiliʻili ʻana i ka ʻuala ʻaʻole i emi i kēia manawa. ʻOi iho, ua hoʻoholo paʻa wau i ka maikaʻi o nā mea āpau: ʻo ka hoʻokaʻawale ʻana o nā pihi (ma ka pae ʻāina) a laila paʻakikī lākou e eli i ka ʻuala - pono ʻoe e ʻimi i kahi o ka lāʻau.
ʻO ka lua ka pilikia ʻo ia ka phytophthora: i ka wā e ʻokiʻoki ai ʻoe i ka ʻuala pulupulu holoʻokoʻa, e pālahalaha aku ka maʻi a puni ka pā, a i ka wā e ʻohi ai ʻoe i ka kūmole, e pani ʻoe i ka pua i loko o ka lepo - ʻo ia wale nō ka mea e pono ai ʻoe. Ma ke kānāwai, hiki ke hōʻino i nā poʻo, akā ma nā kīhāpai e hōʻiliʻili ʻia ai nā ʻuala, hiki ke hoʻopaʻa ʻia i nā ʻoaka ikaika.
Ma ka home, ke kuhikuhi aku nei au iā ʻoe e hana i kēia: mua o ka mea mua, lawe mākou a luku aku i nā mea ola a pau, akā ʻai ʻia e nā mea kanu hala. ʻAʻole pono nā kōpule a ʻaʻole pono hoʻi o nā mea kanu. Ma hope, e kāʻei i nā kihi āpau i ke kiʻekiʻe o 12-15 cm, ʻaʻole e haʻahaʻa. No laila ʻoe a me nā lāʻau e hāʻawi a hāʻawi i ka impetus i nā kō: ʻōlelo lākou, hiki koke ke neʻe ʻia i ka lepo, ʻo ia ka mea e paʻa ai ma kahi "crust" ikaika. Ma hope o hoʻokahi pule, hiki iā ʻoe ke hoʻomaka i ka hōʻiliʻili i nā ʻuala. Ma ke ala, he lei maikaʻi palupalu i nele i ka wā ʻapoʻawa ʻo ia ka punawai maikaʻi.
ʻLepa i nā ʻuala
ʻO ka mua, koho i ka lā kūpono. Nani nō ia inā wela a me ka makani, inā ʻaʻole ua nui ka lā a ʻelua mau lā a ʻaʻole hoʻohiki nā wānana wana. Next, lawe mākou i kahi hana ʻohiʻohi: ka paʻa ka ʻalā o ka ʻuala, ʻokoʻa ka hoʻokaʻawale ʻana o nā tubers - no laila ua mākaukau nā mea a pau.
ʻEkolu ʻekolu - ke koho nei mākou i ka nui o ka hua i mea e ʻike ai i ka nui o nā kānaka, nā ʻeke, nā huila, nā ʻeke a me nā pahu paha no ka mālama a me nā lako e pono ai. Pehea e ike ai? Ke ala maʻalahi: eli ʻia mākou i ʻelima mau laala, koho i kēlā me kēia pākaha pākahi, hoʻokaʻawale ʻia e ʻelima, loaʻa iā mākou ka mākaukau ma ke kumu lāʻau, pololei hoʻi.
A laila aʻe, hoʻonui ʻia e ka helu o nā lāʻau ma ka pūnaewele; hou mākou i kahi kokoke akā akā kokoke kahi kūpono maoli mai ka pā. Inā lawa ʻole kekahi mea no ka hele ʻana a i ʻole ka mālama ʻana i kēia mea kanu, a laila wikiwiki mākou e kūʻai hou aku i hoʻokahi. E hoʻomanaʻo: ʻoi aku ka wikiwiki a ʻeli ʻoe i nā ʻuala, ʻoiai ke ʻano maikaʻi o ke ao, e hoʻomaloʻo a hoʻouna ʻia i ka hale kūʻai, ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi.
Ke hele nei i ka hōʻiliʻili ʻuala, ke kuhikuhi aku nei au iā ʻoe e lawe i ʻehā mau ʻeke, he pitchfork (inā nui ka lepo no ka ʻeli) a me kahi pala (inā e maʻalahi ka hana ʻana a ʻoe). Hiki iā ʻoe ke lawe i kahi kaʻahele-hope ma hope, akā e kamaʻilio mākou e pili ana ma hope. ʻAʻole ka poʻe a pau a ʻike ʻia ka mea a pau e hoʻokele aku ai, akā ua kue loa ka holomua a hiki ʻole ke nalo loa i kēia manawa o ka hoʻomaʻemaʻe.
No ke aha ʻehā mau pūʻulu ʻeke o nā ʻeke? He maʻalahi, ke ʻōlelo aku nei au iā ʻoe e hoʻokaʻawale iā ia i ʻehā ma hope koke o ka eli ʻana i ka ʻuala. ʻO ka pūʻulu mua - ʻo ia nā tubers nui, ʻo ka mea nui loa, i hiki ke ʻai ʻia a waiho ʻia paha ma nā hua. Ma ka lua o kā mākou e kau nei i nā kūmato o ka pā maʻamau, ʻona a hiki i 80-90, ma ke kolu - ka ʻuʻuku a ʻoi aku ka liʻiliʻi (40-50 g, ʻaʻole keu), a i ka hapahā, ʻokiʻoki, ʻokiʻoki, hoʻopiʻi me nā ʻōpala, nā umauma i hoʻopau ʻia. e hele koke ana i nā meaʻai, a i nā holoholona holoholona paha.
Ka ʻoki ʻana i ka ʻuala hua.
ʻO ka ʻāpana huapalapala
Nāʻauao. He mīkini kūpono kēia, akā e haʻi ʻia e loaʻa i kekahi o lākou, e like me ka uhai o ka lima i ke kaʻina hana. ʻAʻole wau e aʻo i ka lawe ʻana i ka pauku-āpau a maikaʻi, ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o ka lawe ʻana aku i kahi mea aia ma nā hihia, e ala mai ka lepo i loko o lākou a ʻoi aku ka maʻalahi o ka ʻalo ʻana.
ʻO nā mea pōʻino o ka huluhulu e hoʻomaʻamaʻa pinepine ia i nā ʻuala o ka ʻuala - ʻokiʻoki, ʻoki nā lau, akā ʻo ka mea koho, nā mea e kau ai ma ka ʻāina (pilikino, hiki iaʻu ke eli i kahi pala i ka pālolo ma mua o hoʻokahi mau hola).
Piʻuki. Pono ʻia ʻo Pitchfork i mau kāne. Lawe i ka pitchfork me nā niho ʻehā a ʻelima paha, ʻaʻohe mea maʻalahi, e hoʻēmi i ka hoʻēmi ʻana i ka hōʻino o nā ʻuala i ka liʻiliʻi. E akahele me nā puʻu, ʻoi aku kou hoʻopili ʻana iā lākou i ka lepo, hiki iā ʻoe ke kue koke i ka kopa hāpaʻa, no laila ke ʻōlelo aku nei wau iā ʻoe e kau i nā hāpani paila, ʻoi aku ka lōʻihi o ka lōʻihi. ʻO ka ʻili, me ka ʻeli ʻana me ka pitchfka mai ka eli ʻana me ka ʻupena he ʻokoʻa, ʻoiai, (ʻoiai iaʻu e ʻeli maʻalahi iaʻu me ka pitchfork, akā he like ia me kekahi).
Ke ʻeli nei i ka ʻuala, pono ʻoe e kū a nānā mai ka lā i kou kua, no laila e ʻike ai ʻoe i kahi a me hea ʻoe e eli ai. Hōʻoiaʻiʻo maoli ka uhi ʻana o nā ʻāpana āpau o ke kino mai ka lā, aia kahi panama ma ke poʻo me nā kīhāpai, a ma ka ʻaoʻao o nā lole ke hoʻomau wale nei nā ʻano o nā namu a me ka popo manu. Aia no nā kāmaʻa, ʻo ke koho kūpono loa he mau kāmaʻa (hiki ke paʻakikī i loko o lākou, akā he mea paʻakikī loa ka hōʻeha ʻana i kou wāwae, ma ka manawa maoli). Pono nā kānaka e hahai iā ʻoe, e mālama ana i hope o nā pūlima lua ʻaʻole a me nā lima lima, pono lākou e koho i nā ʻuala a ʻili ʻia e nā ʻeke.
Kāleka. Eia nō kēia mai ke kahua o ka ʻenehana o kēia wā, hana ia no ka poʻe i loaʻa i nā ala manuahi a hiki i ka hiki ke mālama i nā lako hana. ʻO ka mea kanu, i koʻu manaʻo, he mea pono ia inā ʻaʻole i liʻiliʻi ma ka hectare o ka ʻāina i kanu ʻia me nā ʻuala. Hiki ke kāʻili ʻia kahi wahi liʻiliʻi loa e ʻekolu. Ke hoʻolauna nei me kahi mea kanu mea, e aʻo ʻia e wehe i nā ʻuala a pau me ka ʻole e waiho ana i kahi mea ma ka pūnaewele. Akā ʻo ka mea mua e eli ai me kahi pitchfork a pala paha nā mea pīpī i maʻi ʻia i ka popopala hope, a i ka manawa like, ʻo tubers me ia. ʻO ka hana aʻe, pono ʻoe e kali i kekahi mau lā i ka hoʻomuʻo ka ʻōpala a ʻaʻole e hoʻopilikia i ka hana.
I loko o ka māla - nā mea like a pau - mahana a maloʻo no kekahi mau lā. E like me ke koho o ka ʻuala: ma aneʻi, pono ʻoe e hana āpau i nā mea āpau a i ka hopena o kēlā me kēia laina, kahi e hele ai ka mea hoʻouluulu, ai ʻole ma hope o ka hōʻiliʻili ʻana i ka paina holoʻokoʻa.
I mea e hana pū ai me kahi mea kanu i ka wā e ʻeli ai i ka ʻuala he mea leʻaleʻa, a ʻaʻole hoʻi e huli i ka palaoa, pono ia e holo pono nā laina a pau, ʻaʻole pono ka māla e "hele" i nā ʻaoʻao like ʻole. Eia kekahi, makemake ʻia ka lailila ka mea like. ʻAno maoli, i ka wā e eli ai i ka ʻuala no kahi mea kanu, pono ʻoe e hoʻohana i nā pākuhi i hoʻolālā ʻia e ʻeli ai i nā kalepona a ʻaʻohe mea ʻē aʻe. Hiki ke hoʻoponopono ʻia ka wikiwiki o ke ana o nā nime i koho ai lākou i ka tubers, akā ʻaʻole e hoʻolei iā lākou me ka ikaika i ka ʻike.
Mai koʻuʻike ponoʻī, hiki iaʻu ke ʻōlelo i ka wā e ʻeli ai i ka ʻuala me kahi mea kanu, ʻaʻole ʻoe e ʻeli i ka laina ma hope o ka lālani, ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o ka ʻeli ʻana i ka hua kanu ma o ka lālani hoʻokahi, inā ʻae ʻia kahi huila e neʻe mau ana i ka ʻāina i kīloi ʻia, a me kekahi mea i ka ʻāina papala, ʻoi aku ka paʻakikī o ka hana ʻana ma kēia ala.
He mea maikaʻi no ka mea kanu: ʻo ka mea maʻamau ia e koho i nā ʻuala huawai mai ka lepo, ʻaʻohe liʻiliʻi iā lākou, hoʻomaʻamaʻa i ka hana a hoʻomaikaʻi i ka mea like ʻole. Ma kahi o kekahi mau kānaka e hahai ana i ka mea kanu i hiki ke hele a hūnā i nā kūpeʻe a hana paha ma hope, i ka manawa i pau ai ka hana o ka mea hoʻoulu, e like me kā mākou i ʻōlelo ʻia ma luna.
ʻHai i ka ʻuala me ka wī.
Kūkulu pākihi a mālama
Ma hope o ka hōʻiliʻili ʻana i nā ʻuala āpau ma mua o ka waiho ʻana iā lākou no ka mālama ʻana, pono e maloʻo. No ka hana ʻana i kēia, pono ʻoe i ka lā a me ka maikaʻi ʻo ka makani ʻino, akā ʻaʻole hiki iā ʻoe ke ninini i ka ʻuala i loko o kahi hāmama a maikaʻi hoʻi: hiki iā ia ke hōʻuluʻulu, ʻoiai ʻaʻole nui, ka mea ʻona o ka solanine. ʻO ka koho koho maikaʻi loa he canopy ma ka ʻaoʻao hema.
Hiki ke maloʻo i nā ʻōpala i nā māhele, ʻoiai e lawe ana i nā hola 4 wale nō e maloʻo. ʻO kēlā me kēia mau kikoʻī ma hope o ka hoʻomana ʻana i hoʻokahi papapa, me kahi huli i kēlā me kēia pahu i hope o ʻelua mau hola, pono e hoʻokomo ʻia i loko o ka hale hale. Hāʻawi ka hale kalapu maʻamau i ka hohonu o nā mika he 2-3 mau pā, ʻehā mau pā, keʻokeʻo ʻia me ka lime a me nā keʻokeʻo i hoʻomaʻamaʻa ʻia i kēlā me kēia makahiki, a me nā keki - nā mea nui, nā kīwī lāʻau nui a i ʻole nā papa lāʻau lāʻau maʻamau, mau loa i ka hou a maloʻo. I ka ninini ʻana i nā ʻuala, ʻaʻole hiki ke kaha kūʻē iā ia a hāʻule i kekahi mai ke kiʻekiʻe aʻe ma mua o 10 cm, hiki iā ia ke alakaʻi i nā hopena maikaʻi ʻole, e hoʻolilo i kekahi mea, a ināʻo kekahi mea.
Pono ia e hoʻokaʻawale i kēlā me kēia pūʻulu, e like me kā mākou i hana ma ke kula. He mea kūpono ke ala i loaʻa i nā ʻāpana āpau o ka ʻuala, e nānā i ke ʻano o lākou e noho ai.
No ka ʻike maʻamau o ka ʻuala i ka mālama, pono e kūpono ke ana o ka mahana i loko o ka pae o ka hoʻohui ʻia o 2-3 degere Celsius, a ʻo ka pākū hoʻi aia ma kahi o 85-90%.
Ma hope o ka kau ʻana i nā ʻuala āpau no ka mālama ʻana, e mālama pono i nā māla: nā lāʻau āpau a me nā nāhelehele, inā e maʻi ʻole ʻia ka maʻi (a me ka mauʻu me nā hua kanu), hiki ke hōʻiliʻili a waiho i loko o ka puʻu. Inā ʻoe e ʻike i nā hōʻailona o nā maʻi maʻi, a laila ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o ka puhi ʻana i nā piko.
ʻO kēlā ka mea hiki iā ʻoe ke haʻi e pili ana i ka wā a pehea e ʻeli ai i ka ʻuala.
