ʻAe pele

ʻO Mountain lehu (Sorbus) he moʻomeheu o nā mea kanu lāʻau o ka ʻohana Apple, kahi ʻona i ka ʻohana Pink. Wahi a nā ʻike i lawe ʻia mai nā kumuwaiwai like ʻole, ua hoʻopili kēia ʻano i nā ʻano 80-100. He ʻulaʻula a pau ka mauna mauna, a maʻamau paha (Sorbus aucuparia) kahi hua lāʻau a me kekahi ʻano o ka ʻūhā mauna, ua laulaha ʻia ma nā wahi āpau a puni ʻo ʻEulopa, nā Caucasus a me Western Asia. He pālahalaha ʻano ʻano o kēia ʻano a hiki loa i ka Far North. Ma nā kuahiwi, ulu ka lehu ʻulaʻula nui i nā ʻano lāʻau, aʻo ia e kū ai i ka palena o nā mea kanu. ʻO ka inoa ʻepekema ʻo ke ʻano "sorbus" mai ka ʻōlelo Celtic, ʻo ia ka "ʻeha, tart" i ka unuhi ʻana, pili kēia i ka ʻaina o nā huaʻai. Aia ka inoa o nā ʻano mai ka huaʻōlelo Latin, ma ka unuhi ʻana he "manu" a "hopu". ʻO ka ʻoiaʻiʻo o nā hua o kēia mea kanu e like me ke ʻai ʻana i nā manu, no laila ua hoʻohana nā kānaka iā lākou e like me ka mauʻu.

ʻO kēlā ʻano lāʻau ka ʻāpana o nā moʻomeheu o nā Scandinavians, Slavs a me Celts. Ua manaʻo lākou he mana kiʻekiʻe o ka lehu mauna. No laila, ua kōkua kēia mea kanu i nā koa i ke kaua, a ua hāʻawi pū nō hoʻi i ka pale mai ka ʻenehana a mai ka honua o ka mea i make. Inā ʻoe e nānā i ka hua o kēia mea kanu mai lalo aʻe, e like ia i kekahi o nā hōʻailona pagan kahiko kiʻi o ka pale - he ʻelima kūloko elima elima. I ka wā o ka male, ua kau ʻia nā lau o ka lāʻau rowan i nā kāmaʻa o nā kāne. Hoʻohana ʻia kāna lāʻau lāʻau e hana i nā ʻauka huakaʻi. K kanu ʻia kēlā mea kanu ma kahi kokoke i ka hale, a inā i luku ʻia a i ʻole ʻia paha, he hōʻailona maikaʻi loa ia.

ʻO nā hiʻohiʻona o ka lāʻau lehu mauna

He lāʻau lāʻau ʻala a kahi lāʻau paha nona kona kiʻekiʻe ʻaʻole 12 mika. Aia ke ʻano o ka lei o ka lei, ma ka ʻaoʻao o nā ʻulaʻula ʻulaʻula i laila he pubescence. I nā lāʻau pākeke, he keʻokeʻo a nani ka pāho; he brown-hina a ʻulaʻula paha. ʻO ka papa lau o ka lau i hana ʻole ʻia he lōʻihi ka lōʻihi o 20 mau kenimika, he 7 a 15 lākou mau pulela elongated me kahi kolo, ke alo mua o ka ʻaoʻao o ka maka, ka uliuli, a me ka ʻaoʻao hema i paʻi ʻia i ka pālamalama keu aku a me ka pubescence. I ka hoʻoilo, hoʻololi ke lau i kona kala i ke ʻano ʻulaʻula a me nā kala gula.

ʻO ka nui o nā pua corymbose hope loa he ana o ka 10 kenimika ka nui o lākou, he nui o nā pua keʻokeʻo kahi ʻala ʻoluʻolu. ʻO ka hua he hua ihi o ka ʻulaʻula ʻulaʻula, i ka lōʻihi o ke ana o 10 mm. Kūpono ka lāʻau pēlā i Mei a me Iune. Hoʻopau piha ʻia nā berry i nā hebedoma hope o ka manawa o ke kauwela a i ʻole ka mua - i ka hoʻoilo.

Ke kanu nei, pono ke hoʻomanaʻo ʻia ka ʻano o ka moʻomeheu i loko o ka uahi a i ka hoʻomāhae ʻana i ka lewa, a me ka loiloi a me ka pohō o ka wai ma ka lepo.

Hōʻike ʻia ka lāʻau lehu mauna i ka elasticity a me ka paakiki, he mea maʻalahi ke kaʻina ʻana. I ka wā kahiko, ua hoʻohana ʻia e hana i nā runes a me spindles. Hoʻohana ʻia nā hua hua o kēia moʻomeheu e hana i nā meaʻono no ka lole.

Ke kanu nei ʻo Rowan i kahi ākea

No ka mea ua kiʻekiʻe ke kiʻekiʻe o ka lehu mauna, ua noi ʻia e kanu iā ia ma ka palena o ka māla, i ia mea ʻaʻole ia e hoʻomoʻa ʻia nā papa o ke kahua. ʻOi aku ka maikaʻi o ka lepo kanu (ʻo ka mālamalama a i ʻole paha e paʻa ai ka wai) akā, ʻo ka lehu mauna hoʻi e ulu i ka lepo maʻa. Hoʻomaopopo ʻia ka kanu ʻana i ka pūnāwai ma mua o ka hoʻomaka ʻana o ke kahe o ka sap, a i ka hāʻule paha - i ka wā o ka hāʻule o ka lau. I ka hōʻiliʻili o kahi hōʻiliʻili maikaʻi, ʻo ia ke kuhi ʻia e kanu i nā mea kanu i nā ʻano like ʻole i ka manawa hoʻokahi i ka pūnaewele.

Ke kūʻai nei i nā hua kanu, pono e ʻike pono i kā lākou kumu o ka aʻa, e mālama pono i ka mea pono e ola holoʻokoʻa a i hoʻomohala maikaʻi ʻia. Aia ka ʻōnaehana kumu o nā kumu ʻelua a i ʻole he 2 a 3 mau lālā, kahi e lōʻihi ai ka lōʻihi ma mua o 0.2 m. ʻAʻole pono ʻia ke kūʻai ʻana i kahi hua me nā aʻa a maloʻo. E nānā i ka ʻili, ʻaʻole pono ia e ʻūʻī, akā maʻalahi. E wāwahi i kahi ʻāpana liʻiliʻi mai ka mea kanu, inā he palaʻa kona ʻaoʻao loko, make paha ka hua huila. I kahi mea kanu ola maʻamau, loaʻa ia i kahi kala uliuli. Ma mua o ke kanu ʻana, pono e mākaukau ka mea kanu, no ka mea pono e ʻokiʻoki i nā mea āpau a maloʻo, maloʻo a hōʻino ʻia e nā maʻi a me nā aʻa. Inā kanu ʻia ka lehu kuahiwi i ka hāʻule, a laila, ʻoki a pau nā lau lau i kona mau lālā, ʻoiai e hoʻāʻo ʻoe e hōʻeha i nā pūpū o nā sinus.

Ma waena o nā hua liʻiliʻi, pono ke nānā ʻia o kahi mamao o 4 a 6 mau mika, ʻo ka lōʻihi o ka mamao mai ka lehu mauna a i nā lāʻau ʻē aʻe ma ka māla. Hiki i ka laulā a me ka hohonu o ka lua ka mea mai 0.6 a 0.8 m Ma mua o ke kanu ʻana, e hoʻomākaukau i kahi hui ʻāina, pono ia me 5 kilograms o ka topsoil a me ka kompos comp, 200 mau pā o ka superphosphate, 2-3 mau ʻōmole o ka manu manu ʻole a me 100 mauʻu o ka lehu lāʻau. . ^ E Ha yM. Kāwili maikaʻi nā mea āpau. E ninini i ka 1/3 o ka lua me kēia ʻano lepo, ma hope o ka ʻāpana o kona piha e piha i ka lepo lepo. A laila ninini 10 mau wai i ka lua. E kali a hiki i ka hoʻopili hou ʻana o ka wai i loko o ka lepo.

Pono e hoʻomoʻa i ka aʻa o ka mea kanu ma kahi lepo mash, a laila e hoʻopili koke ʻia i ka waena o ka pūna kumu, i uhi ʻia me ka lepo mai luna o nā papa o luna a i ʻole nā koena o ka hui ʻāina. Ke kanu ʻia ka mea kanu, pono ka paku o ka ʻāina a puni, a laila hoʻoulu ʻia ʻia. Pono ke kanu i ka lāʻau ma kahi o 20-30 mm ma mua o ka mea i ulu i loko o ka mea lapaʻau. Ma hope o ka hoʻoheheʻe ʻia ʻana o ka wai i loko o ka ʻāpana o ka ʻōpala ma hope o ka hoʻoheheʻe ʻia, pono ke uhi ʻia kona ʻula me kahi papana o ka mulch (peat, grass, sawdust, humus, hay, straw, a i ʻole nā mea waiwai ʻē aʻe), ka mānoanoa kahi e loli mai ka 5 a 10 paha kenimika.

Ka mālama ʻāina lehu

ʻO ka māla lāʻau o ka lehu mauna ʻaʻole ia. No ka ulu maʻamau a me ka hoʻomohala ʻana o kahi mea kanu, pono ia i ka wai, weed, wehe i ka ʻāina i ka manawa kūpono, ʻokiʻoki, hānai a lawe i ka mālama ʻana i ka hakakā me nā maʻi a me nā maʻi.

Pono kēlā ʻano lāʻau i ka hoʻoulu wale ʻana ma ka manawa lōʻihi. Pono e hoʻomanaʻo i ka mea pono e kanu ka mea kanu i ka hoʻomaka mua o ka manawa e ulu ai a ma hope o ke kanu ʻana i ka ʻāina ākea, a me kekahi mau lā he 15-20 ma mua o ke ʻoki ʻana, a me 2-3 mau pule ma hope o kēlā. Me ka perimeter o ka ʻōpala o ka ʻokiʻoki, ʻōlelo ʻia e hana i nā kiʻi i loko o ke kahe ʻana o ka wai i ka wā o ka hoʻoilo. Mai ka 20 a 30 mau lita wai ka i lawe ʻia ma kēlā me kēia lāʻau hoʻokahi, aʻo ka nui o ka wai o ka wai i hoʻohana ʻia ma ke ʻano a me ka ʻano o ka lepo, me ka makahiki o ka viburnum ponoʻī.

Pono e hoʻokuʻu ʻia ka maka o ka haki o ka ʻōpala i ka hoʻomaka ʻana o ka manawa o ka pūnāwai, i loko o ke kauwela ua lawe ʻia kēia hana mai 2 a 3 mau manawa. A e pono e wehe ʻia ka ʻāpana o ka ʻōpala ʻōpala ma hope o ko ke ʻoki ʻana. ʻO ke ala maʻalahi e wehe i ka lepo i ka lā ma hope o ka ua a hoʻoinu ʻia paha. I ka wā e wehe ai, pono ʻoe e haehae i ka mauʻu āpau. I ka wā e hoʻokokoke ʻia ai ka palena kokoke i kahi ʻāpana, ʻaʻole pono e uhi ʻia kona ʻili me kahi papala o ka mulch.

I mea e ʻoi aku ai ka lehu o ka mauna, pono ʻo ia e hānai i ka ʻōnaehana. Hoʻomaka mai ke kolu o ka makahiki o ka ulu ʻana, ua hoʻokomo ʻia a humus paha i loko o ka lepo ma lalo o nā mea kanu - mai 5 a 8 mau kilograms a me amoniate nitrate - 50 gram. I ka hoʻomaka o Iune, e hoʻokaʻawale i kahi pahu manu nā manu manu (1:10) a i ʻole ka mullein (1: 5) ma lalo o ka kumulāʻau. Ma kahi o ka waihona laila, hiki iā ʻoe ke hoʻohana i ka ʻōlelo ʻo Agrolife. I nā hebedoma i hala aku nei, pono e hoʻohui ʻia nā 100 o ka superphosphate a me 500 milligrams o ka lehu lāʻau i loko o ka ʻeke o ka pahu.

Lawe ʻia ka wīhi ma ka hoʻomaka ʻana o ka manawa wai ma mua o ka ala ʻana o nā keiki. Pono e ʻoki i nā ʻōpala maloʻo i pā ʻia e ka maʻi a ulu i loko o ka lei, a me nā mea e waiho ma ka ʻaoʻao ʻākau. ʻO kēlā mau ʻano e hoʻohua ana i nā hua mua o ka makahiki i mua e pono ai ka milo a me ka hoʻolōʻihi o nā lālā. Inā nānā ʻia ka huaʻai ma nā ʻano ʻano ʻano like ʻole, a laila pono ke ʻano o ia mau lāʻau i ka wā manawaleʻa a me ka hoʻōla ʻana o ka mea kani, a me ka pōkole hoʻi o nā lālā kihi.

ʻO ka pahuhopu nui loa o ka hānai huaʻa rowan ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi a me ka neʻe hoʻomālamalama i kona lei, he hopena maikaʻi loa kēia ma ka hopena o ka mea kanu. Ma muli o ka manaʻo o kahi kumulāʻau e loaʻa kahi lei aliʻi pyramidal, ulu nā lālā i kahi kihi ākea i ka ʻoki, kahi i mea maʻalahi ai lākou. Ke hoʻokumu ʻia nei i nā kumulāʻau kōpala, pono ia e hoʻāʻo i ka hōʻike e hōʻike ʻia nei ma kahi kihi ākea a pololei paha.

Inā loaʻa ka liʻiliʻi o ka mea kanu, a laila pono pono ia i ka lāʻau anti-kahiko. Hana ʻia ia ma ʻelua lāʻau a ʻekolu paha mau makahiki, ma kahi o ka ulu ʻana o nā hua lāʻau hou.

Nā maʻi a me nā pōpoki

I Mei a Iune paha, pono e noʻonoʻo pono ʻoe i ka lehu kuahiwi, no ka mea aia i kēia manawa ke ʻike ʻia nā hōʻailona mua o ka maʻi a i ʻole nā hōʻino ʻia e nā inikua maikaʻi. Kēlā hiki ke mālama ʻia kēia mea kanu i kēia mau maʻi: anthracnose, septoria, brown and grey spotting, powdery mildew, monolioz, scab ,ustust, necrosis (ʻeleʻele, nectrium a me cytospore) a me nā peka mosaic viral. Inā kanu ʻia ua mea kanu hānai loa, aʻo ke kanu a mālama a mālama iā ia, ʻike ʻia nā lula āpau o ka loea o ka moʻomeheu nei, a laila hiki ʻole i ka lehu o ka mauna ke maʻi maʻi. ʻO ka ʻoiaʻiʻo hoʻi nā lāʻau nāwaliwali wale nō i maʻalahi o nā maʻi. Eia nō naʻe, ʻoiai nā mea āpau, pono ia i ka ʻike pinepine ʻana i ka lehu mauna, no laila inā pono, hoʻomaka ʻia ka mālama ʻana.

ʻO kēlā me kēia ʻano o ka necrosis, pū kekahi me ka mosaic, he mau maʻi maʻi ia. Ma kēia mea, pono mākou e hoʻāʻo e ʻae i ʻole ka maʻi o ka lāʻau, a no ka pono pono ke hoʻokō i kekahi mau mea pale. Pono e hana kūpono i ka papa hana e koho ai i nā mea kanu, pono nā pūnaewele i ka hoʻomākaukau ʻana i ka lūlū mua, ke kumu o ka hoʻopau ʻana i nā pathogens. Eia nō hoʻi, me nā hiʻohiʻona o nā pōpilikia he mea lawe i nā maʻi, pono pono e ʻae koke iā lākou i ka hiki, a he mea nui nō hoʻi ka maʻemaʻe ke ʻano o ka ʻōpala. Mai poina e hana i nā hoʻokolokolo wā maʻamau i ka lehu mauna, no ka mea ʻoi aku ka maʻi āpau e hoʻōla ma ka mua o ka hoʻomohala ʻana.

Hoʻokomo ʻia ka lehu ahi e nā maʻi like me nā moʻomeheu ʻē aʻe o ka ʻohana Pink (nā lāʻau ʻapōpō, nā plums, nā pears). Eia nō naʻe, ʻo ka like nā hōʻailona o nā maʻi a me nā ala lapaʻau like.

Ma kahi o 60 mau ʻano o nā ʻalani a me nā mea ʻino hou e hoʻopiʻi ana i nā ʻōpala, nā hua, nā hua, nā lau lau, nā pua a me nā pua o kahi lāʻau e noho i luna o ka lehu kuahiwi. ʻO ka hapa nui o kēia mau pōpoki ua noho i luna o nā ʻano hua like o ka ʻohana Pink. I ka hapanui pinepine ma luna o kahi puʻu pae mauna:

Nā ʻeleʻele. ^ E Ha yM. Hoʻohana ʻia ʻo Karbofos e luku iā lākou.
ʻO nā pīpī puaʻa. ^ E Ha yM. No ka hōʻiliʻili iā lākou, pono e hoʻopau ʻia ka mea kanu me Confidor, Actara a me Lepidocide.
Nā ʻōpū. ^ E Ha yM. E hoʻopau i kēia mau make, hoʻohana ʻia ʻo Karbofos, Chlorophos a i ʻole Cyanox.
ʻO Rowan Gall Mites. ^ E Ha yM. I ka wā e ʻike ʻia ana, hoʻolaha ʻia ka lāʻau me ka lepo o ka colloidal.
Heʻuʻo Rowan. ^ E Ha yM. Ua luku ʻia lākou e Chlorophos.
Green aphid. ^ E Ha yM. No kona luku ʻia, hoʻohana ʻia ʻo Decis a i Lawellik.
Nā paleā. ^ E Ha yM. Hiki iā ʻoe ke hoʻokuke iā lākou inā e hoʻokaʻawale ʻoe i ka lehu kuahiwi me 30 ditambah.
Nā ʻōpio hua lāʻau Apple. ^ E Ha yM. I mea e hoʻopau ai iā lākou, hoʻohana lākou i ka infusion o ke pua nani. No ka hoʻomākaukau e pono ai, pono ʻoe e hoʻohui i ka 1 lita o ka wai a me 10 maulepule o ka pauku mustard, ua hui ʻia nā mea a pau a waiho ʻia no 24 mau hola. Ma mua o ka hoʻohanaʻana, pono e hoʻomoʻa ʻia ka infusion me ka wai ma kahi pākeke o 1: 5.

I mea e pale ai i nā pōpilikia, pono e kanu ʻia ka lāʻau ma luna o nā lau i mua o ka hoʻomaka ʻana o ke kahe wai, no ka mea ua hoʻohana lākou i ka hoʻonā o ka keleawe keleawe (100 grika no 1 pākaha wai). ʻO ka pīpī ʻana i ka lehu kuahiwi a me ka pā o ka pihi pili kokoke me Nitrafen, i lawe ʻia i ka pūnāwai, he mea maikaʻi loa ia. Pēlā nō, no ka mālama ʻana i ka hāʻule, pono e hoʻoulu i nā ʻoihana a pau mai ka kahua a luku ʻia, aʻo ka lepo ma loko o ka ʻōpala i ʻeli ʻia.

Hoʻopilikia Rowan

E hoʻolaha i ka lehu mauna ʻulaʻula, e hoʻohana i nā ʻano lāʻau a me nā ʻano hua. ʻO nā ʻano ʻehā o ka lehu mauna e ulu pinepine ʻia mai nā hua kanu. Lūlū hua i hua i ka ʻāʻī. E hoʻomaka me, lawe ʻia lākou i nā hua a holoi ʻia mai nā koena o ka pulp, a laila pono lākou e kanu ʻia i ka lepo ma ka 0.5-1 cm. Mai luna aʻe, pono ke uhi i ka ʻula o nā huaʻai me kahi papana o ka mulch (lau i hāʻule i nā lau). Inā hoʻonohonoho ka huakaʻi no ka pūnāwai, pono lākou i ke stratification. No ka hana ʻana i kēia, ua hui pū ʻia me ka nui o ka pala ma ka palena (1: 3), a laila pono e mālama ʻia ke ʻano ma loko o ka lumi lumi no nā 4-8 mau pule, a laila e waiho i ka pahu o ka friji i hoʻolālā ʻia no nā lāʻau ʻai no 3-4 mau mahina. Kūpono nā ʻōpiopio e kūleʻa ana i kahi hoʻōla ʻōnaehana a me ka ʻōlule, a me ka wehe ʻana i ka ʻili honua a puni lākou. Ke lawe nei ka lili ʻana i nā hua kanu i ke kula. Ke kau nei i kahi kumulāʻau, ulu ʻia e ke ʻano mea hoʻomohala, hoʻomaka i ka 4-5 makahiki.

E hoʻomohala i ka lehu mauna varietal koʻikoʻi, ua hoʻohana ʻia nā ʻano lāʻau vegetative, no ka laʻana: nā ʻalani a me nā lignified ʻokiʻoki, hoʻopili, hoʻomoe a me nā pihi. E like me ka mea e hoʻomaʻamaʻa ʻia no nā grafting grafting kālau ʻia, ʻoi ʻia e lawe iā Nevezhinskaya, maʻamau a Moravian rowan seedling i ulu mai hua. Pono e hāʻawi ʻia ka mea kano i nā lā mua o ʻApelila, ʻo ka wā e hoʻomaka ai ka holo ʻana o ka sapu, a i Iulai a ʻAukake paha. Hoʻokuʻu i ka lole ʻaina mai ka wahi pale ma hope o 20 mau lā. Pono e ʻoki ʻia ka piko o luna o ka ʻalani, aʻo ke kū ʻana o ka spike. I kēia kiu, pono pono e hana i kahi māla o ka pua varietal e ulu ana.

Inā he kumu lāʻau o ka lehu mauna, a laila no ka laha ʻana, hiki ke hoʻohana i nā wana. ʻAʻole maikaʻi kahi ʻokiʻala o ke uliuli, ma kahi o 4.5-6 ma waho o nā ʻāpana 10. A ʻo ka līlū ʻana i nā aʻa a lignified ma mua o nā mea ʻala.

Nā ʻano a me nā ʻano o ka lehu mauna me ke kiʻi a me ka wehewehe

Kūʻai ka poʻe māla i ka hapa nui o nā lehu o ke kuahiwi. ʻO ka hapa nui o kēia mau ʻano he hua, akā aia nō kekahi mau mea hoʻolālā.

Sorbus elderberry (Sorbus sambucifolia)

Ma lalo o nā kūlana kūlohelohe, loaʻa kēia ʻano ʻehā ma Iapana a me ke Teritori Khabarovsk, a ma luna hoʻi ʻo Sakhalin, Kamchatka a me nā ʻāpana o Kuril. Hiki i kēia liki hoʻonaninani ke kiʻekiʻe o 250 cm. ʻAʻole kahi lei poʻo ākea loa a puni a ovoid paha. ʻO nā wana ʻūpiki ākea o nā kala ʻulaʻulaʻeleʻele he pehu ʻalaʻulaʻula ma luna o ka ʻili, ua hina nā lālā me nā lentils ʻokoʻa. Loaʻa i nā papa lau ʻole uku ʻole i ka lōʻihi o 18 kenimika a he mau stipules kahi ʻano lanceolate. ʻO ka hui pū ʻana o nā papa lau kaila mai ka 7 a 15 o ka ovate leaft-toothed leaflets a me kahi ʻala uliuli ʻulaʻula, he ʻulaʻula a kokoke ke kapa, aia ma ka petioles o ka ʻulaʻula ʻōmaʻomaʻo. ʻO ka pua corymbose ka pona i nā pua i ka anana o ka like ma kahi o 15 mm a kahi ʻulaʻula keʻokeʻo a ʻulaʻula paha. Ma ka ʻaoʻao o ka ʻōpū a me nā mea kuahiwi he pubescence o ka ʻulaʻula ʻōmaʻomaʻo. Kuhi ʻia nā hua huaʻai ʻona me nā ʻulaʻula ulaula a he spherical i ke ʻano, he ʻumikūmālima mauʻāpana anima a me ka momona momona. ʻAʻohe o lākou ʻeha a he momona ʻoluʻolu loa. ʻAʻole hāʻule nā hua i nā lālā a hiki i ka hoʻomaka ʻana o ka pūnāwai. Wehena ʻole kēia mea kanu i ka lepo, a paʻa i ka ua mau a me ka hau.

ʻO ka lehu lehu Glogovin (Sorbus torminalis), a i ʻole ka lāʻau lapaʻau

I ka nā nahele, loaʻa kēia ʻano i ka Crimea, Western Europe, Caucasus, Southwestern Ukraine a me Asia Minor. ʻAʻole ulu kēlā lehu mauna i nā pūʻulu nui a hīmeni paha.I ke kiʻekiʻe, hiki i kahi lāʻau ke hiki i 25 mau mika. ʻO kona ʻōpala i uhi ʻia me ka ʻāʻī o ka hina hina, he mau paikini ka lōʻihi. I nā pua ʻōpio ʻōpala o ke kala ʻoliva. Pahu ʻia nā papa lau hua maʻalahi ma ka lōʻihi he 18 kenimika ka lōʻihi, ma ke kumu ke ʻano ʻano puʻuwai a ʻehā hoʻi ia, i kuhikuhi ʻia, mai ka luna mai ka 3 a 5 mau pū. ʻO ka mua o ka lau ka ʻulaʻula uliuli ʻōwili, a o loko ka mea ʻuluʻulu-pubescent. I ka hāʻule, e hoʻololi ka kala o ka lau i ka melemele a i ʻole ka ʻeleʻele paha. ʻO ka hoʻokuʻu i nā corymbose inflorescences, hiki i ke anawaena o 8 mau kenimika, ma lalo o ka liʻiliʻi (e like me 10 mm ka lōʻihi) nā pua pua. ʻO nā hua kora, ke hele nei i ka diameter o 1.8 cm, he ʻula ʻulaʻula a i ʻole ʻulaʻula paha, e loli aniani i ke aniani. He ʻiʻo momona a me nā ono ʻo ka ʻiʻo Mealy. ʻAʻole kūpaʻa kēia ʻano i ka hau, akā ʻaʻole ʻokoʻa i ka pale ʻana i ka maloʻo. Aia he 2 mau hiʻohiʻona hoʻolālā:

me nā hua manu lau;
me nā ʻāpana lau-cirrus-dissected.

ʻAuʻu mauna (Sorbus domestica), a i ʻole ka lehu nui mauna (Crimean)

Ma lalo o nā kūlana kūlohelohe, ʻike ʻia kēia ʻano ʻehā ma ka ʻaoʻao hema o ʻEulopa me ʻEulopa a me Crimea; ʻoi paha ia e ulu i loko o nā ulu lāʻau ulu ʻole i hala ʻole i nā pūʻulu manuahi. Hōʻike ʻia kēia mea kanu e ka ulu lohi a hiki i ke kiʻekiʻe o 15 mika. ʻO ke ʻano o ka lei i ka lōʻihi-pyramidal a spherical. Pau ka ʻili e uhi ai i ka ʻōpala i nā lāʻau ʻōpio. Akā he aneane āpau ke kumu, kūlohelohe a hoʻonani. ʻO ka hoʻonohonohoʻana o nā papa lau composite unpaired, hiki i ka lōʻihi o 18 centimeter, e loaʻa ana i nā lau makika, a me nā kiko o ke aniani i kālai ʻia, i waiho ʻia i ka ʻōmaʻomaʻo a me ka lōʻihi o kahi o 50 mm. ʻO nā māla palu nui a me ka poepoe, ua loaʻa ke aniani o 10 mau kenimika, ma nā pua e hiki aku ai i 15 mm a ua pena i kahi keʻokeʻo a ʻulaʻula paha. ʻO Oblong ovoid a i ʻole nā mea kanu like ʻole, ke hiki i ka diameter o 30 mm, hiki ke hoʻomākaʻi ʻia i ka melemele-ʻōmaʻomaʻo, ʻulaʻula a i ʻole ʻulaʻula paha, kahi puluna, ʻaʻala, ʻono maloʻo a me ka huelo, ka mea e loaʻa ai nā nui stony. Kēia mea kanu ia pale aku i nā pōpō, maloʻo a me ka hau. Aia nā ʻano ʻelua:

pea-pā;
apana-apana.

ʻO Sorbus aria (Sorbus aria), a i ʻole aria, a i ʻole kahi powdery

I ke kūlohelohe, ʻike kēia mau mea i loko o nā Carpathians a me nā mauna o Central a me Hema. ʻO ke kiʻekiʻe o ia lāʻau kiʻekiʻe e pili ana i 12 mau mika. ʻO ke ʻano o ka lei aliʻi ka laulā-pyramidal. I uhi ʻia ka ʻōpala me ka palahala-ʻulaʻula a ʻulaʻula paha, ma ka ʻili o nā kumu i ʻike ʻia ai ka pubescence. ʻ plateslelo i nā paepae uhi piha pālono o ka lau elliptical i hoʻopiha ʻia ma ke kihi o ka loaʻa-bicapillary. I ka wā e wehe ai, he keʻokeʻo nā keʻena o ka lālani, a laila ʻoliʻoli ka mua o nā lau. I ka hoʻoilo, ua loli ka waihoʻoluʻu o nā lau i nā ʻāpana like ʻole o ke kala keleawe, ma muli o kēia, ua hoʻomaka ka lehu o ka mauna me nā alder. ʻO nā pale, ma ke anawaena ka piʻi ʻana he 8 kenimika, ma nā pua pua. Kuhi ʻia nā hua ʻōmole kiko ka lōʻihi i ka 15 mm, ua kālai ʻia i ka ʻulaʻula ʻulaʻula a i ʻole ʻulaʻula a me ka ʻulaʻula. ʻAʻole like ka pīnoi momona pulupulu i loko o ka mea momona hua like. Kūkulu ʻia mai ka makahiki 1880. He nui nā ʻano kīhāpai:

Decaysne. ^ E Ha yM. ʻOi aku ka nui o nā pua a me nā lau o nā lau.
Pau loa. ^ E Ha yM. ʻO ke ʻano o nā papa ʻaina he elliptical a oblong paha. Ua liʻiliʻi ka nui o nā hua i loko o kēia mea kanu i ka mea nui.
ʻOiʻulaʻula. ^ E Ha yM. I loko o kēia kau, e hoʻokaʻā ʻia nā huaʻuala i kahi kala ʻono. I ka hāʻule, e lilo i ʻulaʻulaʻula.
Kauakaina. ^ E Ha yM. I ka wā e wehe ai, he keʻokeʻo ka keʻokeʻo o ka lau, i ke kauwela he ʻōmaʻomaʻo kā lākou mua i mua. I ka hāʻule, ua loli ko lākou kala i ke keleawe. ʻO nā hua ʻulaʻula ma luna o ka ʻili he mau pubescent ma ke ʻano o kahi paʻu keʻokeʻo.
Kiʻikuhi. ^ E Ha yM. ʻO ke kiʻekiʻe o ia mea kanu aia ma kahi o 15 mau mika. ʻAʻohe ia huaʻala.

Hūlā ka mauna mauna (Sorbus x hybrida)

He mea kanu kēia mea kanu i ka lehu waena waena o ka lehu a me ka lehu ʻulaʻula. Ma lalo o nā kūlana kūlohelohe, hiki ke ʻike i kēia ʻano ma ka ʻĀkau o ʻEulopa. Hoʻopili nā papa lau o ka lau i nā cirrus maʻalahi a me nā lau lobed. He ʻōmaʻomaʻo a he keʻena mua o ka mua o ka lau, a ʻo ka ʻaoʻao hema hoʻi he hina hina a ʻulaʻula paha. Hoʻokahi hou aku nā māla i ka māla nui - nā ʻano Thuringian i loaʻa ma ke ala hehele lehu mauʻu ʻūlū a me ka lehu ʻulaʻula. Ma kēia lāʻau, hoʻohālikelike i ka hybrid rowan, ʻaʻole i ʻokiʻoki i nā pōpala ma luna o ka lau o ka lau, ʻoi aku ka nui a me ka ulu ʻana.

Mauna lehua ʻulaʻula (ʻulaʻula)

Hiki ke ʻike i ka wehewehe kikoʻī o kēia ʻano ma ka hoʻomaka ʻana o ka ʻatikala. He nui nā helu o ia i hoʻokaʻawale ʻia, ʻokoʻa i waena o lākou iho e ke kala o nā hua ʻona, ke ʻano o ka lei a me ke kala o nā pua, no ka hoʻohālikelike: Burka, ka waiʻona, nā pomegerane, me ka mulea ʻo Michurin, me ka Lūkini, ka pyramidal, ke uwē, Beysner, Nevezhinsky, Moravian, a i ʻole, Fifeana, etc. Mālama kēia mau ʻano āpau i kā lākou hiʻohiʻona hiʻohiʻona i ka wā ulu nui. E uku pono ʻia ka nānā ʻana i kēia ʻano aʻe:

Nevezhinskaya. ^ E Ha yM. I waho, ua like like kēia ʻano like a me nā mea ʻano like ʻole. Ua hoʻokaʻawale ʻia kēia mau lāʻau i ka mea i loaʻa ʻole nā hua o ka lehu o ka mauna o Nevezhinsky i ka ʻōpala a me ka astringency, ʻaʻole nō e ʻū ʻia, ke hiki ke ʻai wale nā mea kanu nui i ka wā i hala aku ai nā huaʻai mua.
Mauna lehu Moravian a i ʻole ka momona. ^ E Ha yM. Loaʻa ma ke ʻano ma ka mauna ʻo Sudeten. Ke hoʻohālikelike ʻia i nā ʻano ʻano ʻē aʻe, e ʻoi aku ka mākaʻi o nā lau lau, a hoʻomaka ka pua ʻana o ia mau lehu mauna ma hope aku. Hiki i nā inflorescences ke komo pū me nā pua 150. Loaʻa i nā hua ʻulaʻula ʻulaʻula kahi i ka wai ʻula o ka ʻula kala a me nā hoʻonoono ʻono.
Liqueur. ^ E Ha yM. Ua hānau ʻia kēia ʻano like me Mikurin, no kēia neʻe ʻo ia i ka lehu ʻulaʻula a me ka lehu ʻulaʻula. ʻEleʻele ka ʻāpana o ka huila. He kūlūkū kiʻekiʻe kēia mauna lehu.
Kukala. ^ E Ha yM. Ua hānau ʻia kēia ʻano ʻano hopena ma ke keʻa ʻana i ka lehua nui i lawehala nui a me ka lehu pua ʻekepeke i ka makahiki 1925. Kahi ʻia ʻo 400 cm ke kiʻekiʻe o ua lāʻau lā. Ma ka ʻaoʻao o luna, ʻo ka lau kahi elliptical a ovoid paha, a ma ka ʻaoʻao lalo i cirrus dissected. ʻO kahi hua momona a ʻo Burgundy kahi hua like me ka ceri. ʻO ke ʻano kau nui o ka ʻōiwi.
Burka. ^ E Ha yM. Ua hānau ʻia i ka makahiki 1918 i ka wā e hele ai i ka lehu mauna ʻulaʻula a me ka lehu alpine mauna. Pale lepa kukui ʻoneʻele a cirrus dissected a loaʻa i ka pubescence liʻiliʻi. ʻOi aku ka nui o ka pala-brown brown ʻona nui. Noho maikaʻi ka lehu o ka mauna i ka manawa holoʻokoʻa.
ʻO Mikaurinskaya ʻono. ^ E Ha yM. ʻO kēia kahi hybrid ma waena o ka wai lehu olakino a me medlar Kelemania. ʻO 300 ke kiʻekiʻe o ka lāʻau he 300 cm wale, pālahalaha ka lei. Kūpono nā lau lau composite ʻole i loaʻa i ka 18 kenimika ma ka lōʻihi, aia lākou a 6 a 7 paha mau lau lau ʻōmaʻomaʻo, nā ʻeke o ke kua he pubescent. ʻO nā hua ʻeleʻeleʻeleʻeleʻeleʻele like ʻole i like ke like me nā hua o medlar. He lāʻau kiʻekiʻe a me ka pale o ka hau.

E kanu nō nā mea kanu i nā ʻano lehu lehua e like me: kāwili ʻia, waena, a i ʻole Kelekona, alder, Köhne, Vilmorena, Amur a me nā mea ʻē aʻe.

ʻO nā mea maikaʻi loa e pili ana i ka lehu mauna ʻulaʻula

Kaukau. ^ E Ha yM. Hoʻololi ʻia ka mea kanu nui. Hoʻohui ka huaʻala a ʻono like me nā cranberry.
Bethes. ^ E Ha yM. Hōʻike ka mea momona maikaʻi-fruited a ka mea kiʻekiʻe me ka kū maikaʻi o ka hau. ʻO ke kumu o kēia ʻano ka papa a me ka ʻono. Kūpono nui nā hua o ka kala-ʻulaʻula.
Hikina. ^ E Ha yM. ʻO ka ʻano lahilahi ka hua like ʻole. ʻO nā hua ʻāpana ʻōmaʻomaʻo me kahi ʻōmaʻomaʻo ulaula i mea momona a he momona, a me ka kōpaʻa me ka kōkō o ka granulated.
Sorbinka. ^ E Ha yM. Hōʻano ʻia ka ʻano like me nā hua a me ke kūʻē o ka hau. He ʻulaʻula a nui ka hua, hiki ke ʻai ʻia a hoʻohana ʻia no ka hoʻouka ʻana.

Kēia mau ʻano ʻala ʻulaʻula ʻulaʻula nui loa: Kirsten Pink, Red Type, Carpet of Gold, White Max, Shimi Glow, Leonard Springer, Fastigiata, Integrima, Germins, Titanium, etc.

ʻO ka pele lehua i kahi hoʻolālā papa

Hiki i ka lehu mauna i ka'āina hoʻolālā ke hoʻokau i kahi kūlana kūwaʻi a nui paha. Hoʻonohonoho ʻia nā pā a me nā ʻāpana i kahi ʻano uwahi rowanberry, ua kanu ʻia nō hoʻi ma ka umu a i ʻole ka lihi o ka nahele ma kahi mamao o nā lāʻau ʻē aʻe, e like me ka mea kanu kanu.

Kūpono ia mea kanu i ka hui me nā mau lāʻau a me nā lāʻau ʻē aʻe, no ka laʻana, ka puaʻa, ka ʻea, ka ʻoni a me ka barberry. Hele maikaʻi ka lehu o ka mauna me nā conifers (thuja, pine, fir a spruce). ʻO ka hāʻule i ka wā hāʻule, ke kūʻē nei i ke kukui a he ʻōmaʻomaʻo paha o nā kumulāʻau coniferous, ʻano ikaika loa ka lehu o ka pali.

Eia kekahi, hiki ke kanu ʻia kēia mea kanu me nā lāʻau deciduous: linden, poplar ʻeleʻele, maple, lehu a me kahi willow keʻokeʻo. Hiki i ka hapa nui o nā lehu o ke kuahiwi e hoʻohālikelike i ka hopena o ke viburnum, ka mauna ʻalā o ka lehu mauna, ka meli a me nā kūleʻe o nā ʻalani. Mai kahi pua rowan hiki iāʻoe ke hana i ka pā, e nānā nui ai nā pua olaila. Ke koho ʻana i kahi kahi e kanu ai i ia ʻano moʻomeheu, ʻaʻole e poina nā mea e pili ana i ka hōʻino maikaʻi loa i ka ea aniani a me ka mauʻu i loaʻa i nā kūlanakauhale.

ʻO nā waiwai o ka lehu mauna: pōʻino a me nā pono

He waiwai e hoʻohana ai i ka lehu mauna

Nui ka ʻono o ka nui o ka huaora C i nā hua derani, ʻo ia nō ka ʻike i ka ʻike i nā lemona. Ka huaʻala hoʻi i nā huaora P, B2, PP, K a me E, a me ka provitamin A, glycosides, amino acid, pectins, bitterness, tannins, organic acid (succinic, citric and malic), flavonoids, iodine, potassium, magnesium, iron , keleawe, manganese, zinc, alcohols, ʻaila aila a me ka volatile. Hoʻohālikelike ʻia kēlā mau huaʻili e ka diaphoretic, hemostatic, choleretic a me ka hopena diuretic. Ma Norewei, ua hoʻohana ʻia kēlā mea kanu i mea ʻoki a hoʻōla a decongestant, ma Hungary ka mea i hoʻohana ʻia e mālama i ka ʻōpū, i nā pōhaku o Bulgaria i lawe ʻia mai nā kuli me nā huaʻa.

No ka mea he nui ka nui o nā huaora i loko o nā huaʻai, ua hoʻohana ʻia lākou e hoʻomaikaʻi hou i ke ʻano o ke kino me ka maʻi maʻi o ka maʻi, a me nā maʻi o ke aniani, nā anemia, hemorrhoids, nā maʻi hoʻowalewale, ʻoi aku me nā gastritis, colitis a me nā ulia peptic.

E kōkua ana ka wai lehū o ka mauna i ka mea e hoʻoulu ai i ka leʻaleʻa, no laila e ʻōlelo ʻia e hoʻohana ai ia no ka hōʻeha o ka rheumatic, luhi, ʻōpū a me ke kua. ʻO kēia wai ka mea e hiki ke hoʻopau i ka edema, normalize i ka metabolism, hoʻohaʻahaʻa i ke kolamu koko, hoʻopau i ke koko a loaʻa ka hopena antimicrobial. ʻO kekahi wai ʻē aʻe e hōʻike ʻia no ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka gout, atherosclerosis, asthenia, fragility o nā capillaries, hypertension, arrhythmias, pehu a me ka maʻi hōʻino, a me nā mea make o ka mono monoxide.

Loaʻa nā waiwai maikaʻi i nā pua, ka ʻalā, nā pulu lau a me nā hua o kahi lāʻau lehu mauna. Hana ʻia ka maʻi hypertension me ka decoction o ka ʻili, ʻoiai ke nānā ʻia nei ka scurvy e lawe i ka lāʻau mai ka lauola, ʻo ka mea nui ka waiora C (ʻoi aku ma mua o nā huaʻa). Hoʻohana ʻia ka hoʻomākaukau ʻana mai nā pua a me nā huaʻai no nā maʻi o ka pēpē o ka gastrointestinal, no ka hiki ʻana i ka metabolic a me nā hau.

Hiki ke hoʻohana ʻia kahi lāʻau like ʻole no ka hōʻeha, nā ʻano o nā ʻano like ʻole, nā kuniahi a me nā kahua.

I ka hana confectionery, hoʻohana ʻia nā hua rowan hua wali, he multivitamin ka mea, hoʻohana ʻia he mau mea pono. Hoʻohana ʻia lākou no ka hoʻoneʻe ʻana i nā momona, nā wai ʻawa, ka vodka, ke hoʻopiha a me nā tinctures, marmalade, marmalade, jelly, pastille, mālama a me nā mea inu ʻoluʻolu.

Hoʻohana ʻia kahi decoction o nā hua rowan i loko o ka lāʻau lapaʻau no ka mālama ʻana i nā maʻi pulmonary i nā holoholona.

E hoʻomaʻamaʻa i ke olakino i ke kakahiaka, e ʻōlelo ʻia e hoʻohana i kahi wai inu mai ka lehu mauna, nona nā mea tonic. I ke ahiahi, i loko o kahi thermos 3-lita, pono ʻoe e ninini i hoʻokahi nui i loko o kahi nui o nā huaʻaole a i ʻole a maloʻo paha, barberry a me rose hip. Hoʻopiha ʻia me ka wai i hoʻomoʻi ʻia a paʻa mau. Pono ka ʻoluʻolu o ka ʻawa mai ke kakahiaka i ka ʻaina ʻaina, a laila hoʻihoʻi hou i ka wai i loko o ka thermos, kali a hiki ke inu ʻia ka inu, a inu hou. A pau ka inu ʻawa, e lawe i ka hua o nā hua, ʻāpono piha a waiho i loko o kahi thermos i piha i ka wai hou. Hiki iā ʻoe ke hoʻohana i ka lawelawe o ka huaʻa i 3 mau manawa.

Nā Hoʻohui

Hoʻololi ʻia nā hua o Rowan no ka poʻe i loaʻa i ka puʻuwai a i ʻole ka hōʻeha ʻana, me ka maʻi ʻeha coronary a me ka piʻi ʻana o ke koko. Eia kekahi, ʻaʻole i kuhikuhi ʻia no ka poʻe me ka acidity kiʻekiʻe o ka ʻōpū.